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semiotics.owl
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<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#"
xml:base="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics"
xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
xmlns:skos="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#"
xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"
xmlns:annotations="http://emmo.info/emmo/top/annotations#">
<owl:Ontology rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics">
<owl:versionIRI rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/1.0.0-alpha2/middle/semiotics"/>
<owl:imports rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/1.0.0-alpha2/middle/holistic"/>
<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">European Materials & Modelling Ontology (EMMO)
EMMO is a multidisciplinary effort to develop a standard representational framework (the ontology) based on current materials modelling knowledge, including physical sciences, analytical philosophy and information and communication technologies.
It provides the connection between the physical world, materials characterisation world and materials modelling world.
EMMO is released under a Creative Commons license Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:contributor>Access, DE</dcterms:contributor>
<dcterms:contributor>Fraunhofer IWM, DE</dcterms:contributor>
<dcterms:contributor>Goldbeck Consulting Ltd (UK)</dcterms:contributor>
<dcterms:contributor>SINTEF, NO</dcterms:contributor>
<dcterms:contributor>University of Bologna, IT</dcterms:contributor>
<dcterms:creator>Adham Hashibon</dcterms:creator>
<dcterms:creator>Emanuele Ghedini</dcterms:creator>
<dcterms:creator>Georg Schmitz</dcterms:creator>
<dcterms:creator>Gerhard Goldbeck</dcterms:creator>
<dcterms:creator>Jesper Friis</dcterms:creator>
<dcterms:license>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode</dcterms:license>
<dcterms:publisher>EMMC ASBL</dcterms:publisher>
<dcterms:title xml:lang="en">European Materials & Modelling Ontology</dcterms:title>
<rdfs:comment xml:lang="en">Contacts:
Gerhard Goldbeck
Goldbeck Consulting Ltd (UK)
email: [email protected]
Emanuele Ghedini
University of Bologna (IT)
email: [email protected]</rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:comment xml:lang="en">The EMMO requires FacT++ reasoner plugin in order to visualize all inferences and class hierarchy (ctrl+R hotkey in Protege).</rdfs:comment>
<owl:versionInfo>1.0.0-alpha2</owl:versionInfo>
</owl:Ontology>
<!--
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Object Properties
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-->
<!-- http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_2337e25c_3c60_43fc_a8f9_b11a3f974291 -->
<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_2337e25c_3c60_43fc_a8f9_b11a3f974291">
<rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/top/mereotopology#EMMO_ec2472ae_cf4a_46a5_8555_1556f5a6c3c5"/>
<annotations:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 xml:lang="en">The generic EMMO semiotical relation.</annotations:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">semiotical</skos:prefLabel>
</owl:ObjectProperty>
<!-- http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_297999d6_c9e4_4262_9536_bd524d1c6e21 -->
<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_297999d6_c9e4_4262_9536_bd524d1c6e21">
<rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_60577dea_9019_4537_ac41_80b0fb563d41"/>
<rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_0cd58641_824c_4851_907f_f4c3be76630c"/>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">hasIndex</skos:prefLabel>
</owl:ObjectProperty>
<!-- http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_39c3815d_8cae_4c8f_b2ff_eeba24bec455 -->
<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_39c3815d_8cae_4c8f_b2ff_eeba24bec455">
<rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_60577dea_9019_4537_ac41_80b0fb563d41"/>
<rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168"/>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">hasIcon</skos:prefLabel>
</owl:ObjectProperty>
<!-- http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_60577dea_9019_4537_ac41_80b0fb563d41 -->
<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_60577dea_9019_4537_ac41_80b0fb563d41">
<rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_2337e25c_3c60_43fc_a8f9_b11a3f974291"/>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b"/>
<rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d"/>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">hasSign</skos:prefLabel>
</owl:ObjectProperty>
<!-- http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_7fb7fe7e_bdf9_4eeb_adad_e384dd5285c6 -->
<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_7fb7fe7e_bdf9_4eeb_adad_e384dd5285c6">
<rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_60577dea_9019_4537_ac41_80b0fb563d41"/>
<rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_054af807_85cd_4a13_8eba_119dfdaaf38b"/>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">hasInterpretant</skos:prefLabel>
</owl:ObjectProperty>
<!-- http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_eb3518bf_f799_4f9e_8c3e_ce59af11453b -->
<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_eb3518bf_f799_4f9e_8c3e_ce59af11453b">
<rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_60577dea_9019_4537_ac41_80b0fb563d41"/>
<rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_35d2e130_6e01_41ed_94f7_00b333d46cf9"/>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">hasConvention</skos:prefLabel>
</owl:ObjectProperty>
<!--
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Classes
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-->
<!-- http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#EMMO_43e9a05d_98af_41b4_92f6_00f79a09bfce"/>
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Restriction>
<owl:onProperty rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#EMMO_c5aae418_1622_4d02_93c5_21159e28e6c1"/>
<owl:someValuesFrom rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee"/>
</owl:Restriction>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Restriction>
<owl:onProperty rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#EMMO_c5aae418_1622_4d02_93c5_21159e28e6c1"/>
<owl:someValuesFrom rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b"/>
</owl:Restriction>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Restriction>
<owl:onProperty rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#EMMO_c5aae418_1622_4d02_93c5_21159e28e6c1"/>
<owl:someValuesFrom rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d"/>
</owl:Restriction>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
<annotations:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 xml:lang="en">A 'Process', that has participant an 'Interpreter', that is aimed to produce a 'Sign' representing another participant, the 'Object'.</annotations:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9>
<annotations:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a xml:lang="en">Me looking a cat and saying loud: "Cat!" -> the semiosis process
me -> interpreter
cat -> object (in Peirce semiotics)
the cat perceived by my mind -> interpretant
"Cat!" -> sign, the produced sign</annotations:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">Semiosis</skos:prefLabel>
</owl:Class>
<!-- http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_b803f122_4acb_4064_9d71_c1e5fd091fc9"/>
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Restriction>
<owl:onProperty rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/top/physical#EMMO_f68030be_94b8_4c61_a161_886468558054"/>
<owl:someValuesFrom rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_054af807_85cd_4a13_8eba_119dfdaaf38b"/>
</owl:Restriction>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
<annotations:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 xml:lang="en">The entity (or agent, or observer, or cognitive entity) who connects 'Sign', 'Interpretant' and 'Object'.</annotations:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">Interpreter</skos:prefLabel>
</owl:Class>
<!-- http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_054af807_85cd_4a13_8eba_119dfdaaf38b -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_054af807_85cd_4a13_8eba_119dfdaaf38b">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d"/>
<annotations:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 xml:lang="en">The interpreter's internal representation of the object in a semiosis process.</annotations:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">Interpretant</skos:prefLabel>
</owl:Class>
<!-- http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_0cd58641_824c_4851_907f_f4c3be76630c -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_0cd58641_824c_4851_907f_f4c3be76630c">
<annotations:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 xml:lang="en">A 'Sign' that stands for an 'Object' due to causal continguity.</annotations:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9>
<annotations:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a xml:lang="en">Smoke stands for a combustion process (a fire).
My facial expression stands for my emotional status.</annotations:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">Index</skos:prefLabel>
</owl:Class>
<!-- http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_35d2e130_6e01_41ed_94f7_00b333d46cf9 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_35d2e130_6e01_41ed_94f7_00b333d46cf9">
<annotations:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 xml:lang="en">A 'Sign' that stands for an 'Object' through convention, norm or habit, without any resemblance to it.</annotations:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9>
<rdfs:comment xml:lang="en">In Peirce semiotics this kind of sign category is called symbol. However, since symbol is also used in formal languages, the name is changed in conventional.</rdfs:comment>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">Conventional</skos:prefLabel>
</owl:Class>
<!-- http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_b803f122_4acb_4064_9d71_c1e5fd091fc9"/>
<annotations:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 xml:lang="en">The object, in Peirce semiotics.</annotations:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9>
<rdfs:comment xml:lang="en">Here is assumed that the concept of 'object' is always relative to a 'semiotic' process. An 'object' does not exists per se, but it's always part of an interpretation.
The EMMO relies on strong reductionism, i.e. everything real is a formless collection of elementary particles: we give a meaning to real world entities only by giving them boundaries and defining them using 'sign'-s.
In this way the 'sign'-ed entity become and 'object', and the 'object' is the basic entity needed in order to apply a logical formalism to the real world entities (i.e. we can speak of it through its sign, and use logics on it through its sign).</rdfs:comment>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">Object</skos:prefLabel>
</owl:Class>
<!-- http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d">
<owl:equivalentClass>
<owl:Class>
<owl:unionOf rdf:parseType="Collection">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_0cd58641_824c_4851_907f_f4c3be76630c"/>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_35d2e130_6e01_41ed_94f7_00b333d46cf9"/>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168"/>
</owl:unionOf>
</owl:Class>
</owl:equivalentClass>
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_b803f122_4acb_4064_9d71_c1e5fd091fc9"/>
<annotations:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 xml:lang="en">An 'Physical' that is used as sign ("semeion" in greek) that stands for another 'Physical' through an semiotic process.</annotations:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9>
<annotations:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a xml:lang="en">A novel is made of chapters, paragraphs, sentences, words and characters (in a direct parthood mereological hierarchy).
Each of them are 'sign'-s.
A character can be the a-tomistic 'sign' for the class of texts.
The horizontal segment in the character "A" is direct part of "A" but it is not a 'sign' itself.
For plain text we can propose the ASCII symbols, for math the fundamental math symbols.</annotations:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a>
<rdfs:comment xml:lang="en">A 'Sign' can have temporal-direct-parts which are 'Sign' themselves.
A 'Sign' usually have 'sign' spatial direct parts only up to a certain elementary semiotic level, in which the part is only a 'Physical' and no more a 'Sign' (i.e. it stands for nothing). This elementary semiotic level is peculiar to each particular system of signs (e.g. text, painting).
Just like an 'Elementary' in the 'Physical' branch, each 'Sign' branch should have an a-tomistic mereological part.</rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:comment xml:lang="en">According to Peirce, 'Sign' includes three subcategories:
- symbols: that stand for an object through convention
- indeces: that stand for an object due to causal continguity
- icon: that stand for an object due to similitudes e.g. in shape or composition</rdfs:comment>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">Sign</skos:prefLabel>
</owl:Class>
<!-- http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_b803f122_4acb_4064_9d71_c1e5fd091fc9 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_b803f122_4acb_4064_9d71_c1e5fd091fc9">
<owl:equivalentClass>
<owl:Class>
<owl:unionOf rdf:parseType="Collection">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_0527413c_b286_4e9c_b2d0_03fb2a038dee"/>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_6f5af708_f825_4feb_a0d1_a8d813d3022b"/>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_b21a56ed_f969_4612_a6ec_cb7766f7f31d"/>
</owl:unionOf>
</owl:Class>
</owl:equivalentClass>
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#EMMO_49804605_c0fe_4538_abda_f70ba1dc8a5d"/>
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Restriction>
<owl:onProperty>
<rdf:Description>
<owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/holistic#EMMO_c5aae418_1622_4d02_93c5_21159e28e6c1"/>
</rdf:Description>
</owl:onProperty>
<owl:someValuesFrom rdf:resource="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_008fd3b2_4013_451f_8827_52bceab11841"/>
</owl:Restriction>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
<annotations:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 xml:lang="en">The class of individuals that stands for semiotic objects, i.e. objects that take part on a semiotic process.</annotations:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9>
<rdfs:comment xml:lang="en">Semiotic subclasse are defined using Peirce's semiotic theory.
"Namely, a sign is something, A, which brings something, B, its interpretant sign determined or created by it, into the same sort of correspondence with something, C, its object, as that in which itself stands to C." (Peirce 1902, NEM 4, 20–21).
The triadic elements:
- 'sign': the sign A (e.g. a name)
- 'interpretant': the sign B as the effects of the sign A on the interpreter (e.g. the mental concept of what a name means)
- 'object': the object C (e.g. the entity to which the sign A and B refer to)
This class includes also the 'interpeter' i.e. the entity that connects the 'sign' to the 'object'</rdfs:comment>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">Semiotic</skos:prefLabel>
</owl:Class>
<!-- http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://emmo.info/emmo/middle/semiotics#EMMO_d7788d1a_020d_4c78_85a1_13563fcec168">
<annotations:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9 xml:lang="en">A 'Sign' that stands for an 'Object' by resembling or imitating it, in shape or by sharing a similar logical structure.</annotations:EMMO_967080e5_2f42_4eb2_a3a9_c58143e835f9>
<annotations:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a xml:lang="en">A picture that reproduces the aspect of a person.
An equation that reproduces the logical connection of the properties of a physical entity.</annotations:EMMO_b432d2d5_25f4_4165_99c5_5935a7763c1a>
<rdfs:comment xml:lang="en">Three subtypes of icon are possible:
(a) the image, which depends on a simple quality (e.g. picture)
(b) the diagram, whose internal relations, mainly dyadic or so taken, represent by analogy the relations in something (e.g. math formula, geometric flowchart)
(c) the metaphor, which represents the representative character of a sign by representing a parallelism in something else
[Wikipedia]</rdfs:comment>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">Icon</skos:prefLabel>
</owl:Class>
</rdf:RDF>
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