diff --git a/range2/range2.ts b/range2/range2.ts
index 74a4345c6c9..0ec565e9e16 100644
--- a/range2/range2.ts
+++ b/range2/range2.ts
@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
 namespace $ {
+	const options_key = Symbol('$mol_range2_options')
 
 	/** Lazy computed lists with native Array interface. $mol_range2_array is mutable but all derived ranges are immutable. */
 	export function $mol_range2< Item = number >(
 		item : ( index : number )=> Item = index => index as any ,
 		size = ()=> Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY ,
+		sample = new $mol_range2_array<Item>
 	) : Item[] {
 
-		return new Proxy( new $mol_range2_array< Item >() , {
+		return new Proxy( sample , {
 
 			get( target , field ) {
-
 				if( typeof field === 'string' ) {
 					if( field === 'length' ) return size()
 					
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ namespace $ {
 			} ,
 
 			set( target , field ) {
-				return $mol_fail( new TypeError( 'Lazy range is read only' ) )
+				return $mol_fail( new TypeError( `Lazy range is read only, ${String(field)}` ) )
 			} ,
 
 			ownKeys( target ) {
@@ -128,6 +129,10 @@ namespace $ {
 			)
 		}
 
+		at(index: number): Item | undefined {
+			return this[index >= 0 ? index : this.length + index]
+		}
+
 		some< Context > (
 			check : ( this : Context , val : Item , index : number , list : Item[] )=> boolean ,
 			context? : Context ,
diff --git a/range3/range3.test.ts b/range3/range3.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2dfa4fc50a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/range3/range3.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+namespace $ {
+	function stub_ids(max = 10): string[] {
+		const ids: string[] = []
+		for (let i = 0; i < max; i++) {
+			ids.push($mol_stub_code())
+		}
+		return ids
+	}
+
+	function make_range() {
+		const range = new $mol_range3<string>()
+		const chunk_size = 10
+		const chunks = [
+			stub_ids(chunk_size),
+			stub_ids(chunk_size),
+			stub_ids(chunk_size / 2),
+		]
+		const count = chunks.reduce((acc, row) => acc + row.length, 0)
+		range.count = () => count
+		range.chunk_size = () => chunk_size
+		range.chunk = offset => chunks[offset]
+
+		return { range, chunks }
+	}
+
+	$mol_test({
+
+		'chunk addressing'() {
+			const { range, chunks } = make_range()
+			const arr = range.range()
+
+			$mol_assert_equal(arr[0], chunks[0][0])
+			$mol_assert_equal(arr.at(-1), chunks.at(-1)?.at(-1))
+		}
+
+	})
+}
+
diff --git a/range3/range3.ts b/range3/range3.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0cd89a3a94b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/range3/range3.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+namespace $ {
+	export class $mol_range3<Item> extends $mol_range2_array<Item> {
+		count(): number {
+			throw new Error('implement')
+		}
+
+		chunk(offset: number): readonly Item[] {
+			throw new Error('implement')
+		}
+
+		chunk_size() {
+			return 100
+		}
+
+		page(page: number) {
+			return this.chunk(page * this.chunk_size())
+		}
+
+		item(index: number) {
+			const limit = this.chunk_size()
+
+			const chunk_index = index % limit
+			const page = Math.floor(index / limit)
+
+			const chunk = this.page(page)
+			const id = chunk[chunk_index]
+
+			return id
+		}
+
+		@ $mol_mem
+		temp(next?: readonly Item[]) {
+			return next ?? []
+		}
+
+		push(...ids: readonly Item[]) {
+			this.temp([ ...this.temp(), ...ids ])
+			this.temp_cut()
+
+			return this.length
+		}
+
+		temp_chunk_min() {
+			return 1
+		}
+
+		temp_cut() {
+			const temp = this.temp()
+			if (! temp) return
+
+			const limit = this.chunk_size()
+			const delete_chunks = Math.ceil(temp.length / limit) - this.temp_chunk_min()
+			if (delete_chunks <= 0) return
+
+			const delete_count = delete_chunks * limit
+			this.removed_count = this.removed_count + delete_count
+			this.temp(temp.slice(delete_count))
+		}
+
+		at(index: number) {
+			const count = this.count() + this.removed_count
+			if (index < 0) index = Math.max(0, count + this.temp().length + index)
+
+			if (index < count) return this.item(index)
+			return this.temp()[index - count]
+		}
+
+		protected removed_count = 0
+
+		get length() {
+			return this.count() + this.removed_count + this.temp().length
+		}
+
+		@ $mol_mem
+		range() {
+			return $mol_range2(index => this.at(index), () => this.length, this)
+		}
+
+	}
+}