diff --git a/paimon-spark/paimon-spark-common/src/main/scala/org/apache/paimon/spark/catalyst/analysis/RowLevelHelper.scala b/paimon-spark/paimon-spark-common/src/main/scala/org/apache/paimon/spark/catalyst/analysis/RowLevelHelper.scala
index 9981e7d3cc7c..eecf0542e1d1 100644
--- a/paimon-spark/paimon-spark-common/src/main/scala/org/apache/paimon/spark/catalyst/analysis/RowLevelHelper.scala
+++ b/paimon-spark/paimon-spark-common/src/main/scala/org/apache/paimon/spark/catalyst/analysis/RowLevelHelper.scala
@@ -66,8 +66,8 @@ trait RowLevelHelper extends SQLConfHelper {
         case Assignment(key, value) => key == value
       }
       .exists {
-        case EqualTo(left: AttributeReference, _) =>
-          isTargetPrimaryKey(left)
+        case EqualTo(left: AttributeReference, right: AttributeReference) =>
+          isTargetPrimaryKey(left) || isTargetPrimaryKey(right)
         case Assignment(key: AttributeReference, _) =>
           isTargetPrimaryKey(key)
         case _ => false
diff --git a/paimon-spark/paimon-spark-common/src/test/scala/org/apache/paimon/spark/sql/MergeIntoTableTestBase.scala b/paimon-spark/paimon-spark-common/src/test/scala/org/apache/paimon/spark/sql/MergeIntoTableTestBase.scala
index bf8e72f7920f..2fa49d1c12c5 100644
--- a/paimon-spark/paimon-spark-common/src/test/scala/org/apache/paimon/spark/sql/MergeIntoTableTestBase.scala
+++ b/paimon-spark/paimon-spark-common/src/test/scala/org/apache/paimon/spark/sql/MergeIntoTableTestBase.scala
@@ -621,4 +621,28 @@ abstract class MergeIntoTableTestBase extends PaimonSparkTestBase {
       assert(error.contains("Only support to MergeInto table with primary keys."))
     }
   }
+
+  test(s"Paimon MergeInto: update on source eq target condition") {
+    withTable("source", "target") {
+      Seq((1, 100, "c11"), (3, 300, "c33")).toDF("a", "b", "c").createOrReplaceTempView("source")
+
+      sql(s"""
+             |CREATE TABLE target (a INT, b INT, c STRING)
+             |TBLPROPERTIES ('primary-key'='a')
+             |""".stripMargin)
+      sql("INSERT INTO target values (1, 10, 'c1'), (2, 20, 'c2')")
+
+      sql(s"""
+             |MERGE INTO target
+             |USING source
+             |ON source.a = target.a
+             |WHEN MATCHED THEN
+             |UPDATE SET a = source.a, b = source.b, c = source.c
+             |""".stripMargin)
+
+      checkAnswer(
+        sql("SELECT * FROM target ORDER BY a, b"),
+        Row(1, 100, "c11") :: Row(2, 20, "c2") :: Nil)
+    }
+  }
 }