diff --git a/backend/src/kwai/core/db/table.py b/backend/src/kwai/core/db/table.py
index 144cfd70..0cbcf393 100644
--- a/backend/src/kwai/core/db/table.py
+++ b/backend/src/kwai/core/db/table.py
@@ -1,15 +1,13 @@
 """Module for the table decorator."""
 
 from dataclasses import fields, is_dataclass
-from typing import Any, Callable, Generic, TypeVar
+from typing import Any, Callable
 
 from sql_smith.functions import alias
 from sql_smith.functions import field as sql_field
 
-T = TypeVar("T", bound=Callable)
 
-
-class Table(Generic[T]):
+class Table[T: Callable]:
     """Represent a table in the database.
 
     With this class a table row can be transformed into a dataclass. It can also
diff --git a/backend/src/kwai/core/domain/use_case.py b/backend/src/kwai/core/domain/use_case.py
index 1ccbbd08..52d6e092 100644
--- a/backend/src/kwai/core/domain/use_case.py
+++ b/backend/src/kwai/core/domain/use_case.py
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 """Module for defining common classes, functions, ... for use cases."""
+
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 from dataclasses import dataclass
-from typing import AsyncIterator, Generic, NamedTuple, TypeVar
+from typing import AsyncIterator, NamedTuple
 
 
 class UseCaseResult(ABC):
@@ -13,11 +14,8 @@ def to_message(self) -> str:
         raise NotImplementedError
 
 
-T = TypeVar("T")
-
-
 @dataclass(kw_only=True, frozen=True, slots=True)
-class NotFoundResult(UseCaseResult, Generic[T]):
+class NotFoundResult[T](UseCaseResult):
     """A result that indicates that an entity was not found."""
 
     entity_name: str
@@ -28,7 +26,7 @@ def to_message(self) -> str:
 
 
 @dataclass(kw_only=True, frozen=True, slots=True)
-class EntitiesResult(UseCaseResult, Generic[T]):
+class EntitiesResult[T](UseCaseResult):
     """A result that returns an iterator for entities and the number of entities."""
 
     count: int
@@ -39,7 +37,7 @@ def to_message(self) -> str:
 
 
 @dataclass(kw_only=True, frozen=True, slots=True)
-class EntityResult(UseCaseResult, Generic[T]):
+class EntityResult[T](UseCaseResult):
     """A result that returns an entity."""
 
     entity: T
diff --git a/backend/src/kwai/core/domain/value_objects/identifier.py b/backend/src/kwai/core/domain/value_objects/identifier.py
index 0e1008a9..02c1b092 100644
--- a/backend/src/kwai/core/domain/value_objects/identifier.py
+++ b/backend/src/kwai/core/domain/value_objects/identifier.py
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
 """Module that defines identifiers."""
-from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
-from typing import Generic, TypeVar
 
-T = TypeVar("T")
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 
 
-class Identifier(ABC, Generic[T]):
+class Identifier[T](ABC):
     """Abstract and generic class for an identifier."""
 
     def __init__(self, id_: T):