+Model: ATA QEMU HARDDISK (scsi) +Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2GB +Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B +Partition Table: gpt +Disk Flags: + +Number Start End Size File system Name Flags + 1 17.4kB 1074MB 1074MB boot boot, esp + 2 1074MB 32.2GB 31.1GB ext4 root ++ +--- format +mkfs.fat -F 32 -n BOOT /dev/sdb1 +mkfs.ext4 -L ROOT /dev/sdb2 +--- +we create filesystems on our new partitions and label them appropriately + +--- export variables +echo "export BOOT=/mnt/lfs/boot ROOT=/mnt/lfs/root" >> /root/.bash_profile +source .bash_profile +--- +`export` does something +when we log in to our host system, bash executes commands found in the `.bash_profile` file in the user's home directory. +this ensures that the variables will always be available, even if we disconnect from or reboot the host. + +--- mount +mkdir --parents $BOOT $ROOT +mount /dev/sdb1 $BOOT +mount /dev/sdb2 $ROOT +cat >> /etc/fstab << "EOF" +LABEL=ROOT /mnt/lfs/root ext4 defaults 0 0 +LABEL=BOOT /mnt/lfs/boot vfat defaults 0 0 +EOF +--- +we create two directories to which we mount our new filesystems, and add rules for mounting them to fstab. + +--- sources +mkdir $ROOT/sources +chmod -v a+wt $ROOT/sources +cd $ROOT/sources +wget http://ftp.lfs-matrix.net/pub/lfs/lfs-packages/lfs-packages-12.0.tar +tar --extract --file lfs-packages-12.0.tar +--- +we create a directory `sources` and modify its permissions such that other users can write to it, but only we (root) can delete files within it. +we download an archive of all the required packages from a mirror and extract it + +@s stage2 +we have finished preparing our disk, so it is time to start building our new linux system. +https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/FHS_3.0/fhs/index.html +the FHS documents common practices at a given time and is updated as and when they change. +thus most modern linux distributions deviate from the standard in some way, so while it is a useful convention, do not take it to be authoritative. + +--- directory structure +mkdir --parents $ROOT/{etc,var,lib64} $ROOT/usr/{bin,lib,sbin} +for i in bin lib sbin; do + ln -sv usr/$i $ROOT/$i +done +mkdir $ROOT/tools +--- +we begin by creating some required directories +`/etc` is now used for storing configuration files, but historically it held that which did not belong elsewhere, hence the name (et cetera). +`/var` is for storing variable data files; files generated during programs at runtime such as logs and caches. +`/usr` is for shareable read-only data. +`/usr/bin` is the primary store of executables. +`/usr/lib` is for storing shared libraries. +`/usr/sbin` is for storing binaries used for system administration. +in common with some other modern linux distributions, we will not differentiate between the `bin`, `lib` and `sbin` directories under `/usr` and those at the root of our filesystem. +however for compatibility reasons the directories are required, so we create symlinks instead. +finally we create a `tools` directory, which will store the cross-compiler that we will use later + +--- lfs user +groupadd lfs +useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs +chown lfs $ROOT/{usr{,/*},var,etc,lib64,tools} +rm /etc/bash.bashrc +--- +to ensure a clean build environment, we create a new user. +we'll give it ownership of the directory structure we created. +we can now switch to our new user. +while we are still root, let's delete `/etc/bash.bashrc` to prevent it contaminating our build environment. + +--- bash setup +su - lfs + +cat > ~/.bash_profile << "EOF" +exec env -i HOME=$HOME TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' /bin/bash +EOF + +cat > ~/.bashrc << "EOF" +set +h +umask 022 +BOOT=/mnt/lfs/boot +ROOT=/mnt/lfs/root +LC_ALL=POSIX +LFS_TGT=$(uname -m)-lfs-linux-gnu +PATH=/usr/bin +if [ ! -L /bin ]; then PATH=/bin:$PATH; fi +PATH=$ROOT/tools/bin:$PATH +CONFIG_SITE=$ROOT/usr/share/config.site +export BOOT ROOT LC_ALL LFS_TGT PATH CONFIG_SITE +EOF + +source ~/.bash_profile +--- +we create a `.bash_profile` and `.bashrc`, then read the new profile into our current shell with `source`. +the details of these two files are explained in LFS. + +@s stage3 cross-compiler + +--- pass 1 binutils +cd $ROOT/sources +tar --extract --file 12.0/binutils-2.41.tar.xz +( +cd binutils-2.41 +mkdir build +( +cd build +../configure --prefix=$ROOT/tools \ + --with-sysroot=$ROOT \ + --target=$LFS_TGT \ + --disable-nls \ + --enable-gprofng=no \ + --disable-werror +make -j $(nproc) +make install +) +) +rm --recursive --force binutils-2.41 +--- +--- pass 1 gcc +tar --extract --file 12.0/gcc-13.2.0.tar.xz +( +cd gcc-13.2.0 +tar --extract --file ../12.0/mpfr-4.2.0.tar.xz +mv mpfr-4.2.0 mpfr +tar --extract --file ../12.0/gmp-6.3.0.tar.xz +mv gmp-6.3.0 gmp +tar --extract --file ../12.0/mpc-1.3.1.tar.gz +mv mpc-1.3.1 mpc +sed -e '/m64=/s/lib64/lib/' -i.orig gcc/config/i386/t-linux64 +mkdir build +( +cd build +../configure \ + --target=$LFS_TGT \ + --prefix=$ROOT/tools \ + --with-glibc-version=2.38 \ + --with-sysroot=$ROOT \ + --with-newlib \ + --without-headers \ + --enable-default-pie \ + --enable-default-ssp \ + --disable-nls \ + --disable-shared \ + --disable-multilib \ + --disable-threads \ + --disable-libatomic \ + --disable-libgomp \ + --disable-libquadmath \ + --disable-libssp \ + --disable-libvtv \ + --disable-libstdcxx \ + --enable-languages=c,c++ +make -j $(nproc) +make install +) +cat gcc/limitx.h gcc/glimits.h gcc/limity.h > \ + $(dirname $($LFS_TGT-gcc -print-libgcc-file-name))/include/limits.h +) +rm --recursive --force gcc-13.2.0 +--- +--- linux api headers +tar --extract --file 12.0/linux-6.4.12.tar.xz +( +cd linux-6.4.12 +make mrproper +make headers +find usr/include -type f ! -name '*.h' -delete +cp --recursive usr/include $ROOT/usr +) +rm --recursive --force linux-6.4.12 +--- +--- glibc +tar --extract --file 12.0/glibc-2.38.tar.xz +( +cd glibc-2.38 +ln -sf ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 $ROOT/lib64 +ln -sf ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 $ROOT/lib64/ld-lsb-x86-64.so.3 +patch -Np1 -i $ROOT/sources/12.0/glibc-2.38-fhs-1.patch +mkdir build +( +cd build +echo "rootsbindir=/usr/sbin" > configparms +../configure \ + --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(../scripts/config.guess) \ + --enable-kernel=4.14 \ + --with-headers=$ROOT/usr/include \ + libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib +make -j 1 +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +sed '/RTLDLIST=/s@/usr@@g' -i $ROOT/usr/bin/ldd +) +rm --recursive --force glibc-2.38 +--- + +--- +echo 'int main(){}' | $LFS_TGT-gcc -xc - +readelf -l a.out | grep ld-linux +rm a.out +--- + +--- libstdc++ +tar --extract --file 12.0/gcc-13.2.0.tar.xz +( +cd gcc-13.2.0 +mkdir build +( +cd build +../libstdc++-v3/configure \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(../config.guess) \ + --prefix=/usr \ + --disable-multilib \ + --disable-nls \ + --disable-libstdcxx-pch \ + --with-gxx-include-dir=/tools/$LFS_TGT/include/c++/13.2.0 +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm $ROOT/usr/lib/lib{stdc++,stdc++fs,supc++}.la +) +rm --recursive --force gcc-13.2.0 +--- + +@s stage4 - cross compiling tools +--- m4 +tar --extract --file 12.0/m4-1.4.19.tar.xz +( +cd m4-1.4.19 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(build-aux/config.guess) +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force m4-1.4.19 +--- + +--- ncurses +tar --extract --file 12.0/ncurses-6.4.tar.gz +( +cd ncurses-6.4 +sed -i s/mawk// configure +mkdir build +( +cd build +../configure +make -C include -j $(nproc) +make -C progs tic -j $(nproc) +) +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(./config.guess) \ + --mandir=/usr/share/man \ + --with-manpage-format=normal \ + --with-shared \ + --without-normal \ + --with-cxx-shared \ + --without-debug \ + --without-ada \ + --disable-stripping \ + --enable-widec +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT TIC_PATH=$(pwd)/build/progs/tic install +echo "INPUT(-lncursesw)" > $ROOT/usr/lib/libncurses.so +) +rm --recursive --force ncurses-6.4 +--- + +--- bash +tar --extract --file 12.0/bash-5.2.15.tar.gz +( +cd bash-5.2.15 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --build=$(sh support/config.guess) \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --without-bash-malloc +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +ln -s bash $ROOT/bin/sh +) +rm --recursive --force bash-5.2.15 +--- + +--- coreutils +tar --extract --file 12.0/coreutils-9.3.tar.xz +( +cd coreutils-9.3 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(build-aux/config.guess) \ + --enable-install-program=hostname \ + --enable-no-install-program=kill,uptime \ + gl_cv_macro_MB_CUR_MAX_good=y +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +mv $ROOT/usr/bin/chroot $ROOT/usr/sbin +mkdir --parents $ROOT/usr/share/man/man8 +mv $ROOT/usr/share/man/man1/chroot.1 $ROOT/usr/share/man/man8/chroot.8 +sed -i 's/"1"/"8"/' $ROOT/usr/share/man/man8/chroot.8 +) +rm --recursive --force coreutils-9.3 +--- + + + +--- diffutils +tar --extract --file 12.0/diffutils-3.10.tar.xz +( +cd diffutils-3.10 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(./build-aux/config.guess) +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force diffutils-3.10 +--- +--- file +tar --extract --file 12.0/file-5.45.tar.gz +( +cd file-5.45 +mkdir build +( +cd build +../configure --disable-bzlib \ + --disable-libseccomp \ + --disable-xzlib \ + --disable-zlib +make +) +./configure --prefix=/usr --host=$LFS_TGT --build=$(./config.guess) +make -j $(nproc) FILE_COMPILE=$(pwd)/build/src/file +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +rm $ROOT/usr/lib/libmagic.la +) +rm --recursive --force file-5.45 +--- +--- findutils +tar --extract --file 12.0/findutils-4.9.0.tar.xz +( +cd findutils-4.9.0 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --localstatedir=/var/lib/locate \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(build-aux/config.guess) +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force findutils-4.9.0 +--- +--- gawk +tar --extract --file 12.0/gawk-5.2.2.tar.xz +( +cd gawk-5.2.2 +sed -i 's/extras//' Makefile.in +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(build-aux/config.guess) +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force gawk-5.2.2 +--- +--- grep +tar --extract --file 12.0/grep-3.11.tar.xz +( +cd grep-3.11 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(./build-aux/config.guess) +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force grep-3.11 +--- +--- gzip +tar --extract --file 12.0/gzip-1.12.tar.xz +( +cd gzip-1.12 +./configure --prefix=/usr --host=$LFS_TGT +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force gzip-1.12 +--- +--- make +tar --extract --file 12.0/make-4.4.1.tar.gz +( +cd make-4.4.1 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --without-guile \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(build-aux/config.guess) +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force make-4.4.1 +--- +--- patch +tar --extract --file 12.0/patch-2.7.6.tar.xz +( +cd patch-2.7.6 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(build-aux/config.guess) +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force patch-2.7.6 +--- +--- sed +tar --extract --file 12.0/sed-4.9.tar.xz +( +cd sed-4.9 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(./build-aux/config.guess) +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force sed-4.9 +--- +--- tar +tar --extract --file 12.0/tar-1.35.tar.xz +( +cd tar-1.35 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(build-aux/config.guess) +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force tar-1.35 +--- +--- xz +tar --extract --file 12.0/xz-5.4.4.tar.xz +( +cd xz-5.4.4 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(build-aux/config.guess) \ + --disable-static \ + --docdir=/usr/share/doc/xz-5.4.4 +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +rm $ROOT/usr/lib/liblzma.la +) +rm --recursive --force xz-5.4.4 +--- +--- pass 2 binutils +tar --extract --file 12.0/binutils-2.41.tar.xz +( +cd binutils-2.41 +sed '6009s/$add_dir//' -i ltmain.sh +mkdir build +( +cd build +../configure \ + --prefix=/usr \ + --build=$(../config.guess) \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --disable-nls \ + --enable-shared \ + --enable-gprofng=no \ + --disable-werror \ + --enable-64-bit-bfd +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm -v $ROOT/usr/lib/lib{bfd,ctf,ctf-nobfd,opcodes,sframe}.{a,la} +) +rm --recursive --force binutils-2.41 +--- +--- pass 2 gcc +tar --extract --file 12.0/gcc-13.2.0.tar.xz +( +cd gcc-13.2.0 +tar -xf ../12.0/mpfr-4.2.0.tar.xz +mv -v mpfr-4.2.0 mpfr +tar -xf ../12.0/gmp-6.3.0.tar.xz +mv -v gmp-6.3.0 gmp +tar -xf ../12.0/mpc-1.3.1.tar.gz +mv -v mpc-1.3.1 mpc +sed -e '/m64=/s/lib64/lib/' -i.orig gcc/config/i386/t-linux64 +sed '/thread_header =/s/@.*@/gthr-posix.h/' \ + -i libgcc/Makefile.in libstdc++-v3/include/Makefile.in +mkdir build +( +cd build +../configure \ + --build=$(../config.guess) \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --target=$LFS_TGT \ + LDFLAGS_FOR_TARGET=-L$PWD/$LFS_TGT/libgcc \ + --prefix=/usr \ + --with-build-sysroot=$ROOT \ + --enable-default-pie \ + --enable-default-ssp \ + --disable-nls \ + --disable-multilib \ + --disable-libatomic \ + --disable-libgomp \ + --disable-libquadmath \ + --disable-libsanitizer \ + --disable-libssp \ + --disable-libvtv \ + --enable-languages=c,c++ +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +ln -sv gcc $ROOT/usr/bin/cc +) +rm --recursive --force gcc-13.2.0 +--- + +@s stage4 chroot + +we are now going to chroot into our newly built environment + +--- revert dir ownership +#exit +chown --recursive root:root $ROOT/{usr,lib,var,etc,bin,sbin,lib64,tools} +--- +first we change ownership of all the directories we created back to root, as the LFS user was only needed temporarily for cleanly building the cross-toolchain and won't exist on our new system. + +--- mount device files +mkdir --parents $ROOT/{dev,proc,sys,run} +mount --bind /dev $ROOT/dev +mount --bind /dev/pts $ROOT/dev/pts +mount --types proc proc $ROOT/proc +mount --types sysfs sysfs $ROOT/sys +mount --types tmpfs tmpfs $ROOT/run +mount --types tmpfs --options nosuid,nodev tmpfs $ROOT/dev/shm +--- +we mount all our special device files + +--- enter chroot +/usr/sbin/chroot "$ROOT" /usr/bin/env -i \ + HOME=/root \ + TERM="$TERM" \ + PS1='(lfs chroot) \u:\w\$ ' \ + PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin \ + /bin/bash --login +--- +enter chroot + +--- chroot1 +mkdir -pv /{boot,home,mnt,opt,srv} +mkdir -pv /etc/{opt,sysconfig} +mkdir -pv /lib/firmware +mkdir -pv /media/{floppy,cdrom} +mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}{include,src} +mkdir -pv /usr/local/{bin,lib,sbin} +mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{color,dict,doc,info,locale,man} +mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{misc,terminfo,zoneinfo} +mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/man/man{1..8} +mkdir -pv /var/{cache,local,log,mail,opt,spool} +mkdir -pv /var/lib/{color,misc,locate} +ln -sfv /run /var/run +ln -sfv /run/lock /var/lock +install -dv -m 0750 /root +install -dv -m 1777 /tmp /var/tmp +--- + +--- chroot2 +ln -sv /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab + +cat > /etc/hosts << EOF +127.0.0.1 localhost $(hostname) +::1 localhost +EOF + +cat > /etc/passwd << "EOF" +root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash +bin:x:1:1:bin:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false +daemon:x:6:6:Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false +messagebus:x:18:18:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/run/dbus:/usr/bin/false +systemd-journal-gateway:x:73:73:systemd Journal Gateway:/:/usr/bin/false +systemd-journal-remote:x:74:74:systemd Journal Remote:/:/usr/bin/false +systemd-journal-upload:x:75:75:systemd Journal Upload:/:/usr/bin/false +systemd-network:x:76:76:systemd Network Management:/:/usr/bin/false +systemd-resolve:x:77:77:systemd Resolver:/:/usr/bin/false +systemd-timesync:x:78:78:systemd Time Synchronization:/:/usr/bin/false +systemd-coredump:x:79:79:systemd Core Dumper:/:/usr/bin/false +uuidd:x:80:80:UUID Generation Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false +systemd-oom:x:81:81:systemd Out Of Memory Daemon:/:/usr/bin/false +nobody:x:65534:65534:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false +EOF + +cat > /etc/group << "EOF" +root:x:0: +bin:x:1:daemon +sys:x:2: +kmem:x:3: +tape:x:4: +tty:x:5: +daemon:x:6: +floppy:x:7: +disk:x:8: +lp:x:9: +dialout:x:10: +audio:x:11: +video:x:12: +utmp:x:13: +usb:x:14: +cdrom:x:15: +adm:x:16: +messagebus:x:18: +systemd-journal:x:23: +input:x:24: +mail:x:34: +kvm:x:61: +systemd-journal-gateway:x:73: +systemd-journal-remote:x:74: +systemd-journal-upload:x:75: +systemd-network:x:76: +systemd-resolve:x:77: +systemd-timesync:x:78: +systemd-coredump:x:79: +uuidd:x:80: +systemd-oom:x:81: +wheel:x:97: +users:x:999: +nogroup:x:65534: +EOF + +echo "tester:x:101:101::/home/tester:/bin/bash" >> /etc/passwd +echo "tester:x:101:" >> /etc/group +install -o tester -d /home/tester +--- +--- chroot3 +exec /usr/bin/bash --login + +touch /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,faillog,wtmp} +chgrp -v utmp /var/log/lastlog +chmod -v 664 /var/log/lastlog +chmod -v 600 /var/log/btmp + +cd sources +--- + +--- +tar --extract --file 12.0/gettext-0.22.tar.xz +( +cd gettext-0.22 +./configure --disable-shared +make -j $(nproc) +cp -v gettext-tools/src/{msgfmt,msgmerge,xgettext} /usr/bin +) +rm --recursive --force gettext-0.22 +--- + +--- +tar --extract --file 12.0/bison-3.8.2.tar.xz +( +cd bison-3.8.2 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --docdir=/usr/share/doc/bison-3.8.2 +make -j $(nproc) +make install +) +rm --recursive --force bison-3.8.2 +--- + +--- +tar --extract --file 12.0/perl-5.38.0.tar.xz +( +cd perl-5.38.0 +sh Configure -des \ + -Dprefix=/usr \ + -Dvendorprefix=/usr \ + -Duseshrplib \ + -Dprivlib=/usr/lib/perl5/5.38/core_perl \ + -Darchlib=/usr/lib/perl5/5.38/core_perl \ + -Dsitelib=/usr/lib/perl5/5.38/site_perl \ + -Dsitearch=/usr/lib/perl5/5.38/site_perl \ + -Dvendorlib=/usr/lib/perl5/5.38/vendor_perl \ + -Dvendorarch=/usr/lib/perl5/5.38/vendor_perl +make -j $(nproc) +make install +) +rm --recursive --force perl-5.38.0 +--- + +--- +tar --extract --file 12.0/Python-3.11.4.tar.xz +( +cd Python-3.11.4 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --enable-shared \ + --without-ensurepip +make -j $(nproc) +make install +) +rm --recursive --force Python-3.11.4 +--- + +--- +tar --extract --file 12.0/texinfo-7.0.3.tar.xz +( +cd texinfo-7.0.3 +./configure --prefix=/usr +make -j $(nproc) +make install +) +rm --recursive --force texinfo-7.0.3 +--- + +--- +tar --extract --file 12.0/util-linux-2.39.1.tar.xz +( +cd util-linux-2.39.1 +mkdir -pv /var/lib/hwclock +./configure ADJTIME_PATH=/var/lib/hwclock/adjtime \ + --libdir=/usr/lib \ + --runstatedir=/run \ + --docdir=/usr/share/doc/util-linux-2.39.1 \ + --disable-chfn-chsh \ + --disable-login \ + --disable-nologin \ + --disable-su \ + --disable-setpriv \ + --disable-runuser \ + --disable-pylibmount \ + --disable-static \ + --without-python +make -j $(nproc) +make install +) +rm --recursive --force util-linux-2.39.1 +--- + +--- cleanup +rm -rf /usr/share/{info,man,doc}/* +find /usr/{lib,libexec} -name \*.la -delete +rm -rf /tools +--- + +@s stage5 + + + + + + + + + + + + +--- launch-vm --- := +qemu-system-x86_64 -m 8G -smp $(nproc) -accel kvm -cpu host \ + -nic user,hostfwd=tcp::2222-:22 \ + -hda host.img \ + -hdb lfs.img \ + -daemonize +--- + +--- sources --- := +mkdir $ROOT/sources +chmod -v a+wt $ROOT/sources +cd $ROOT/sources +wget --progress=dot:giga http://ftp.lfs-matrix.net/pub/lfs/lfs-packages/lfs-packages-12.0.tar +tar --extract --file lfs-packages-12.0.tar +--- + +--- bash setup --- := +cat > ~/.bash_profile << "EOF" +exec env -i HOME=$HOME TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' /bin/bash +EOF + +cat > ~/.bashrc << "EOF" +set +h +umask 022 +BOOT=/mnt/lfs/boot +ROOT=/mnt/lfs/root +LC_ALL=POSIX +LFS_TGT=$(uname -m)-lfs-linux-gnu +PATH=/usr/bin +if [ ! -L /bin ]; then PATH=/bin:$PATH; fi +PATH=$ROOT/tools/bin:$PATH +CONFIG_SITE=$ROOT/usr/share/config.site +export BOOT ROOT LC_ALL LFS_TGT PATH CONFIG_SITE +EOF +--- + +--- foo +tar --extract --file 12.0/ +( +cd +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force +--- diff --git a/site/LFSc.html b/site/LFSc.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a67263a --- /dev/null +++ b/site/LFSc.html @@ -0,0 +1,1351 @@ + + + + +
this article was written to be read alongside the LFS book. +
+ + + +
+myfn () {
+{partition, 3}
+# without this, mkfs will error
+sleep 1
+{format, 3}
+{export variables, 3}
+{mount, 3}
+{sources, 3}
+{directory structure, 4}
+{lfs user, 4}
+# allow for passwordless login to new account
+passwd -d lfs
+}
+ssh root@127.0.0.1 -p 2222 "$(typeset -f myfn); myfn"
+
+
+
+
+
+myfn () {
+{bash setup, 4}
+}
+ssh lfs@127.0.0.1 -p 2222 "$(typeset -f myfn); myfn"
+myfn2 () {
+cd /mnt/lfs/root/sources
+{pass 1 binutils, 5}
+{pass 1 gcc, 5}
+{linux api headers, 5}
+{glibc, 5}
+{libstdc++, 5}
+{m4, 6}
+{ncurses, 6}
+{bash, 6}
+{coreutils, 6}
+{diffutils, 6}
+{file, 6}
+{findutils, 6}
+{gawk, 6}
+{grep, 6}
+{gzip, 6}
+{make, 6}
+{patch, 6}
+{sed, 6}
+{tar, 6}
+{xz, 6}
+{pass 2 binutils, 6}
+{pass 2 gcc, 6}
+}
+ssh lfs@127.0.0.1 -p 2222 "$(typeset -f myfn2); myfn2"
+
+
+
+
+
+myfn () {
+{revert dir ownership, 7}
+{mount device files, 7}
+}
+#ssh root@127.0.0.1 -p 2222 "source .bash_profile; $(typeset -f myfn); myfn"
+
+ssh root@127.0.0.1 -p 2222 << "EOF"
+source .bash_profile;
+myfn2 () {
+{chroot1, 7}
+}
+declare -f myfn2 > $ROOT/script.sh
+/usr/sbin/chroot "$ROOT" \
+ /usr/bin/env -i \
+ HOME=/root \
+ TERM="$TERM" \
+ PS1='(lfs chroot) \u:\w\$' \
+ PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin \
+ /bin/bash -c "source script.sh; myfn2; rm script.sh"
+EOF
+
+ssh root@127.0.0.1 -p 2222 << "EOF"
+source .bash_profile;
+myfn2 () {
+{chroot2, 7}
+}
+declare -f myfn2 > $ROOT/script.sh
+/usr/sbin/chroot "$ROOT" \
+ /usr/bin/env -i \
+ HOME=/root \
+ TERM="$TERM" \
+ PS1='(lfs chroot) \u:\w\$' \
+ PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin \
+ /bin/bash -c "source script.sh; myfn2; rm script.sh"
+EOF
+
+
+
+
++#wget https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/jammy/current/jammy-server-cloudimg-amd64.img --output-document host.img +cp ../jammy-server-cloudimg-amd64.img host.img +cp ../prepare-host.sh . + +qemu-img resize host.img 10G +qemu-img create -f qcow2 lfs.img 30G + +cat > init.sh << "OUTER_EOF" + +growpart /dev/sda 1 +resize2fs /dev/sda1 + +passwd -d root +cat << "EOF" > /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/lfs.conf +PermitRootLogin yes +PermitEmptyPasswords yes +EOF +systemctl restart sshd + +apt update +apt install --yes --fix-missing binutils bison gawk gcc g++ m4 make texinfo +ln -sf /bin/bash /bin/sh + +OUTER_EOF + +virt-customize --add host.img --firstboot init.sh ++ + +
Used in section 1
+now that our host system is ready, we'll boot it up and connect to it via ssh +
+ ++qemu-system-x86_64 -m 8G -smp $(nproc) -accel kvm -cpu host \ + -nic user,hostfwd=tcp::2222-:22 \ + -hda host.img \ + -hdb lfs.img \ + -daemonize + ssh root@127.0.0.1 -p 2222 ++ +
Redefined in section 8
+Used in section 1
+from now on, all commands are run on our host through this ssh session, unless otherwise specified. +
+ +we need to partition lfs.img, which has been attached to our system at /dev/sdb. +we won't bother creating a swap partition as we have provided plenty of memory to our host. +for now, we'll just create boot and root partitions. +https://www.gnu.org/software/parted/manual/parted.html +
+ + +first we create a partition table on our blank disk. +a GPT partition table reserves 34 sectors at the start and end of the disk. +
+you will have noticed the output Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
+/etc/fstab (from 'filesystem table') is a configuration file which controls the mounting of filesystems when detected by a linux system on boot.
+provided you complete your LFS build in one session this will not be necessary, but if you have to reboot at some stage there's a good chance you will forget to mount these partitions, so we will update our fstab later.
+
+parted /dev/sdb mkpart boot fat32 34s 1GiB +parted /dev/sdb set 1 esp on ++
Added to in section 3
+ +Used in section 1
+here we create a partition called "boot", with a filesystem type of fat32.
+we start our partition at the first available sector, and end it 1 Gibibyte from the start.
+the output will show Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance: 34s % 2048s != 0s
+partition alignment is a little involved, and learning about it is out of scope, so we will ignore this.
+we also set the esp flag to let our UEFI firmware know that this is an EFI System Partition.
+
+parted /dev/sdb -- mkpart root ext4 1GiB -34s print ++
Added to in section 3
+ +Used in section 1
+then we create our root partition, starting from an offset of 1GiB and ending at the last available sector.
+in bash and other shells the double dashes -- signify the end of command options, and are required to prevent -34s from being interpreted by parted as an argument.
+
we can use parted /dev/sdb print to confirm the disk was successfully partitioned.
+the output should look something like this:
+
+Model: ATA QEMU HARDDISK (scsi) +Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2GB +Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B +Partition Table: gpt +Disk Flags: + +Number Start End Size File system Name Flags + 1 17.4kB 1074MB 1074MB boot boot, esp + 2 1074MB 32.2GB 31.1GB ext4 root ++ +
+mkfs.fat -F 32 -n BOOT /dev/sdb1 +mkfs.ext4 -L ROOT /dev/sdb2 ++ + +
Used in section 1
+we create filesystems on our new partitions and label them appropriately +
+ ++echo "export BOOT=/mnt/lfs/boot ROOT=/mnt/lfs/root" >> /root/.bash_profile +source .bash_profile ++ + +
Used in section 1
+export does something
+when we log in to our host system, bash executes commands found in the .bash_profile file in the user's home directory.
+this ensures that the variables will always be available, even if we disconnect from or reboot the host.
+
+mkdir --parents $BOOT $ROOT +mount /dev/sdb1 $BOOT +mount /dev/sdb2 $ROOT +cat >> /etc/fstab << "EOF" +LABEL=ROOT /mnt/lfs/root ext4 defaults 0 0 +LABEL=BOOT /mnt/lfs/boot vfat defaults 0 0 +EOF ++ + +
Used in section 1
+we create two directories to which we mount our new filesystems, and add rules for mounting them to fstab. +
+ ++mkdir $ROOT/sources +chmod -v a+wt $ROOT/sources +cd $ROOT/sources +wget http://ftp.lfs-matrix.net/pub/lfs/lfs-packages/lfs-packages-12.0.tar +tar --extract --file lfs-packages-12.0.tar ++ +
Redefined in section 8
+Used in section 1
+we create a directory sources and modify its permissions such that other users can write to it, but only we (root) can delete files within it.
+we download an archive of all the required packages from a mirror and extract it
+
we have finished preparing our disk, so it is time to start building our new linux system. +https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/FHS_3.0/fhs/index.html +the FHS documents common practices at a given time and is updated as and when they change. +thus most modern linux distributions deviate from the standard in some way, so while it is a useful convention, do not take it to be authoritative. +
+ +
+mkdir --parents $ROOT/{etc,var,lib64} $ROOT/usr/{bin,lib,sbin}
+for i in bin lib sbin; do
+ ln -sv usr/$i $ROOT/$i
+done
+mkdir $ROOT/tools
+
+
+
+Used in section 1
+we begin by creating some required directories
+/etc is now used for storing configuration files, but historically it held that which did not belong elsewhere, hence the name (et cetera).
+/var is for storing variable data files; files generated during programs at runtime such as logs and caches.
+/usr is for shareable read-only data.
+/usr/bin is the primary store of executables.
+/usr/lib is for storing shared libraries.
+/usr/sbin is for storing binaries used for system administration.
+in common with some other modern linux distributions, we will not differentiate between the bin, lib and sbin directories under /usr and those at the root of our filesystem.
+however for compatibility reasons the directories are required, so we create symlinks instead.
+finally we create a tools directory, which will store the cross-compiler that we will use later
+
+groupadd lfs
+useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs
+chown lfs $ROOT/{usr{,/*},var,etc,lib64,tools}
+rm /etc/bash.bashrc
+
+
+
+Used in section 1
+to ensure a clean build environment, we create a new user.
+we'll give it ownership of the directory structure we created.
+we can now switch to our new user.
+while we are still root, let's delete /etc/bash.bashrc to prevent it contaminating our build environment.
+
+su - lfs + +cat > ~/.bash_profile << "EOF" +exec env -i HOME=$HOME TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' /bin/bash +EOF + +cat > ~/.bashrc << "EOF" +set +h +umask 022 +BOOT=/mnt/lfs/boot +ROOT=/mnt/lfs/root +LC_ALL=POSIX +LFS_TGT=$(uname -m)-lfs-linux-gnu +PATH=/usr/bin +if [ ! -L /bin ]; then PATH=/bin:$PATH; fi +PATH=$ROOT/tools/bin:$PATH +CONFIG_SITE=$ROOT/usr/share/config.site +export BOOT ROOT LC_ALL LFS_TGT PATH CONFIG_SITE +EOF + +source ~/.bash_profile ++ +
Redefined in section 8
+Used in section 1
+we create a .bash_profile and .bashrc, then read the new profile into our current shell with source.
+the details of these two files are explained in LFS.
+
+cd $ROOT/sources +tar --extract --file 12.0/binutils-2.41.tar.xz +( +cd binutils-2.41 +mkdir build +( +cd build +../configure --prefix=$ROOT/tools \ + --with-sysroot=$ROOT \ + --target=$LFS_TGT \ + --disable-nls \ + --enable-gprofng=no \ + --disable-werror +make -j $(nproc) +make install +) +) +rm --recursive --force binutils-2.41 ++ + +
Used in section 1
++tar --extract --file 12.0/gcc-13.2.0.tar.xz +( +cd gcc-13.2.0 +tar --extract --file ../12.0/mpfr-4.2.0.tar.xz +mv mpfr-4.2.0 mpfr +tar --extract --file ../12.0/gmp-6.3.0.tar.xz +mv gmp-6.3.0 gmp +tar --extract --file ../12.0/mpc-1.3.1.tar.gz +mv mpc-1.3.1 mpc +sed -e '/m64=/s/lib64/lib/' -i.orig gcc/config/i386/t-linux64 +mkdir build +( +cd build +../configure \ + --target=$LFS_TGT \ + --prefix=$ROOT/tools \ + --with-glibc-version=2.38 \ + --with-sysroot=$ROOT \ + --with-newlib \ + --without-headers \ + --enable-default-pie \ + --enable-default-ssp \ + --disable-nls \ + --disable-shared \ + --disable-multilib \ + --disable-threads \ + --disable-libatomic \ + --disable-libgomp \ + --disable-libquadmath \ + --disable-libssp \ + --disable-libvtv \ + --disable-libstdcxx \ + --enable-languages=c,c++ +make -j $(nproc) +make install +) +cat gcc/limitx.h gcc/glimits.h gcc/limity.h > \ + $(dirname $($LFS_TGT-gcc -print-libgcc-file-name))/include/limits.h +) +rm --recursive --force gcc-13.2.0 ++ + +
Used in section 1
++tar --extract --file 12.0/linux-6.4.12.tar.xz +( +cd linux-6.4.12 +make mrproper +make headers +find usr/include -type f ! -name '*.h' -delete +cp --recursive usr/include $ROOT/usr +) +rm --recursive --force linux-6.4.12 ++ + +
Used in section 1
++tar --extract --file 12.0/glibc-2.38.tar.xz +( +cd glibc-2.38 +ln -sf ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 $ROOT/lib64 +ln -sf ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 $ROOT/lib64/ld-lsb-x86-64.so.3 +patch -Np1 -i $ROOT/sources/12.0/glibc-2.38-fhs-1.patch +mkdir build +( +cd build +echo "rootsbindir=/usr/sbin" > configparms +../configure \ + --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(../scripts/config.guess) \ + --enable-kernel=4.14 \ + --with-headers=$ROOT/usr/include \ + libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib +make -j 1 +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +sed '/RTLDLIST=/s@/usr@@g' -i $ROOT/usr/bin/ldd +) +rm --recursive --force glibc-2.38 ++ + +
Used in section 1
+echo 'int main(){}' | $LFS_TGT-gcc -xc - +readelf -l a.out | grep ld-linux +rm a.out +
+
+tar --extract --file 12.0/gcc-13.2.0.tar.xz
+(
+cd gcc-13.2.0
+mkdir build
+(
+cd build
+../libstdc++-v3/configure \
+ --host=$LFS_TGT \
+ --build=$(../config.guess) \
+ --prefix=/usr \
+ --disable-multilib \
+ --disable-nls \
+ --disable-libstdcxx-pch \
+ --with-gxx-include-dir=/tools/$LFS_TGT/include/c++/13.2.0
+make -j $(nproc)
+make DESTDIR=$ROOT install
+)
+rm $ROOT/usr/lib/lib{stdc++,stdc++fs,supc++}.la
+)
+rm --recursive --force gcc-13.2.0
+
+
+
+Used in section 1
++tar --extract --file 12.0/m4-1.4.19.tar.xz +( +cd m4-1.4.19 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(build-aux/config.guess) +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force m4-1.4.19 ++ + +
Used in section 1
++tar --extract --file 12.0/ncurses-6.4.tar.gz +( +cd ncurses-6.4 +sed -i s/mawk// configure +mkdir build +( +cd build +../configure +make -C include -j $(nproc) +make -C progs tic -j $(nproc) +) +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(./config.guess) \ + --mandir=/usr/share/man \ + --with-manpage-format=normal \ + --with-shared \ + --without-normal \ + --with-cxx-shared \ + --without-debug \ + --without-ada \ + --disable-stripping \ + --enable-widec +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT TIC_PATH=$(pwd)/build/progs/tic install +echo "INPUT(-lncursesw)" > $ROOT/usr/lib/libncurses.so +) +rm --recursive --force ncurses-6.4 ++ + +
Used in section 1
++tar --extract --file 12.0/bash-5.2.15.tar.gz +( +cd bash-5.2.15 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --build=$(sh support/config.guess) \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --without-bash-malloc +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +ln -s bash $ROOT/bin/sh +) +rm --recursive --force bash-5.2.15 ++ + +
Used in section 1
++tar --extract --file 12.0/coreutils-9.3.tar.xz +( +cd coreutils-9.3 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(build-aux/config.guess) \ + --enable-install-program=hostname \ + --enable-no-install-program=kill,uptime \ + gl_cv_macro_MB_CUR_MAX_good=y +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +mv $ROOT/usr/bin/chroot $ROOT/usr/sbin +mkdir --parents $ROOT/usr/share/man/man8 +mv $ROOT/usr/share/man/man1/chroot.1 $ROOT/usr/share/man/man8/chroot.8 +sed -i 's/"1"/"8"/' $ROOT/usr/share/man/man8/chroot.8 +) +rm --recursive --force coreutils-9.3 ++ + +
Used in section 1
++tar --extract --file 12.0/diffutils-3.10.tar.xz +( +cd diffutils-3.10 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(./build-aux/config.guess) +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force diffutils-3.10 ++ + +
Used in section 1
++tar --extract --file 12.0/file-5.45.tar.gz +( +cd file-5.45 +mkdir build +( +cd build +../configure --disable-bzlib \ + --disable-libseccomp \ + --disable-xzlib \ + --disable-zlib +make +) +./configure --prefix=/usr --host=$LFS_TGT --build=$(./config.guess) +make -j $(nproc) FILE_COMPILE=$(pwd)/build/src/file +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +rm $ROOT/usr/lib/libmagic.la +) +rm --recursive --force file-5.45 ++ + +
Used in section 1
++tar --extract --file 12.0/findutils-4.9.0.tar.xz +( +cd findutils-4.9.0 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --localstatedir=/var/lib/locate \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(build-aux/config.guess) +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force findutils-4.9.0 ++ + +
Used in section 1
++tar --extract --file 12.0/gawk-5.2.2.tar.xz +( +cd gawk-5.2.2 +sed -i 's/extras//' Makefile.in +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(build-aux/config.guess) +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force gawk-5.2.2 ++ + +
Used in section 1
++tar --extract --file 12.0/grep-3.11.tar.xz +( +cd grep-3.11 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(./build-aux/config.guess) +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force grep-3.11 ++ + +
Used in section 1
++tar --extract --file 12.0/gzip-1.12.tar.xz +( +cd gzip-1.12 +./configure --prefix=/usr --host=$LFS_TGT +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force gzip-1.12 ++ + +
Used in section 1
++tar --extract --file 12.0/make-4.4.1.tar.gz +( +cd make-4.4.1 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --without-guile \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(build-aux/config.guess) +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force make-4.4.1 ++ + +
Used in section 1
++tar --extract --file 12.0/patch-2.7.6.tar.xz +( +cd patch-2.7.6 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(build-aux/config.guess) +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force patch-2.7.6 ++ + +
Used in section 1
++tar --extract --file 12.0/sed-4.9.tar.xz +( +cd sed-4.9 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(./build-aux/config.guess) +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force sed-4.9 ++ + +
Used in section 1
++tar --extract --file 12.0/tar-1.35.tar.xz +( +cd tar-1.35 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(build-aux/config.guess) +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force tar-1.35 ++ + +
Used in section 1
++tar --extract --file 12.0/xz-5.4.4.tar.xz +( +cd xz-5.4.4 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(build-aux/config.guess) \ + --disable-static \ + --docdir=/usr/share/doc/xz-5.4.4 +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +rm $ROOT/usr/lib/liblzma.la +) +rm --recursive --force xz-5.4.4 ++ + +
Used in section 1
+
+tar --extract --file 12.0/binutils-2.41.tar.xz
+(
+cd binutils-2.41
+sed '6009s/$add_dir//' -i ltmain.sh
+mkdir build
+(
+cd build
+../configure \
+ --prefix=/usr \
+ --build=$(../config.guess) \
+ --host=$LFS_TGT \
+ --disable-nls \
+ --enable-shared \
+ --enable-gprofng=no \
+ --disable-werror \
+ --enable-64-bit-bfd
+make -j $(nproc)
+make DESTDIR=$ROOT install
+)
+rm -v $ROOT/usr/lib/lib{bfd,ctf,ctf-nobfd,opcodes,sframe}.{a,la}
+)
+rm --recursive --force binutils-2.41
+
+
+
+Used in section 1
++tar --extract --file 12.0/gcc-13.2.0.tar.xz +( +cd gcc-13.2.0 +tar -xf ../12.0/mpfr-4.2.0.tar.xz +mv -v mpfr-4.2.0 mpfr +tar -xf ../12.0/gmp-6.3.0.tar.xz +mv -v gmp-6.3.0 gmp +tar -xf ../12.0/mpc-1.3.1.tar.gz +mv -v mpc-1.3.1 mpc +sed -e '/m64=/s/lib64/lib/' -i.orig gcc/config/i386/t-linux64 +sed '/thread_header =/s/@.*@/gthr-posix.h/' \ + -i libgcc/Makefile.in libstdc++-v3/include/Makefile.in +mkdir build +( +cd build +../configure \ + --build=$(../config.guess) \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --target=$LFS_TGT \ + LDFLAGS_FOR_TARGET=-L$PWD/$LFS_TGT/libgcc \ + --prefix=/usr \ + --with-build-sysroot=$ROOT \ + --enable-default-pie \ + --enable-default-ssp \ + --disable-nls \ + --disable-multilib \ + --disable-libatomic \ + --disable-libgomp \ + --disable-libquadmath \ + --disable-libsanitizer \ + --disable-libssp \ + --disable-libvtv \ + --enable-languages=c,c++ +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +ln -sv gcc $ROOT/usr/bin/cc +) +rm --recursive --force gcc-13.2.0 ++ + +
Used in section 1
+we are now going to chroot into our newly built environment +
+ +
+#exit
+chown --recursive root:root $ROOT/{usr,lib,var,etc,bin,sbin,lib64,tools}
+
+
+
+Used in section 1
+first we change ownership of all the directories we created back to root, as the LFS user was only needed temporarily for cleanly building the cross-toolchain and won't exist on our new system. +
+ +
+mkdir --parents $ROOT/{dev,proc,sys,run}
+mount --bind /dev $ROOT/dev
+mount --bind /dev/pts $ROOT/dev/pts
+mount --types proc proc $ROOT/proc
+mount --types sysfs sysfs $ROOT/sys
+mount --types tmpfs tmpfs $ROOT/run
+mount --types tmpfs --options nosuid,nodev tmpfs $ROOT/dev/shm
+
+
+
+Used in section 1
+we mount all our special device files +
+ ++/usr/sbin/chroot "$ROOT" /usr/bin/env -i \ + HOME=/root \ + TERM="$TERM" \ + PS1='(lfs chroot) \u:\w\$ ' \ + PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin \ + /bin/bash --login ++ + + +
enter chroot +
+ +
+mkdir -pv /{boot,home,mnt,opt,srv}
+mkdir -pv /etc/{opt,sysconfig}
+mkdir -pv /lib/firmware
+mkdir -pv /media/{floppy,cdrom}
+mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}{include,src}
+mkdir -pv /usr/local/{bin,lib,sbin}
+mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{color,dict,doc,info,locale,man}
+mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{misc,terminfo,zoneinfo}
+mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/man/man{1..8}
+mkdir -pv /var/{cache,local,log,mail,opt,spool}
+mkdir -pv /var/lib/{color,misc,locate}
+ln -sfv /run /var/run
+ln -sfv /run/lock /var/lock
+install -dv -m 0750 /root
+install -dv -m 1777 /tmp /var/tmp
+
+
+
+Used in section 1
++ln -sv /proc/self/mounts /etc/mtab + +cat > /etc/hosts << EOF +127.0.0.1 localhost $(hostname) +::1 localhost +EOF + +cat > /etc/passwd << "EOF" +root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash +bin:x:1:1:bin:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false +daemon:x:6:6:Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false +messagebus:x:18:18:D-Bus Message Daemon User:/run/dbus:/usr/bin/false +systemd-journal-gateway:x:73:73:systemd Journal Gateway:/:/usr/bin/false +systemd-journal-remote:x:74:74:systemd Journal Remote:/:/usr/bin/false +systemd-journal-upload:x:75:75:systemd Journal Upload:/:/usr/bin/false +systemd-network:x:76:76:systemd Network Management:/:/usr/bin/false +systemd-resolve:x:77:77:systemd Resolver:/:/usr/bin/false +systemd-timesync:x:78:78:systemd Time Synchronization:/:/usr/bin/false +systemd-coredump:x:79:79:systemd Core Dumper:/:/usr/bin/false +uuidd:x:80:80:UUID Generation Daemon User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false +systemd-oom:x:81:81:systemd Out Of Memory Daemon:/:/usr/bin/false +nobody:x:65534:65534:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/usr/bin/false +EOF + +cat > /etc/group << "EOF" +root:x:0: +bin:x:1:daemon +sys:x:2: +kmem:x:3: +tape:x:4: +tty:x:5: +daemon:x:6: +floppy:x:7: +disk:x:8: +lp:x:9: +dialout:x:10: +audio:x:11: +video:x:12: +utmp:x:13: +usb:x:14: +cdrom:x:15: +adm:x:16: +messagebus:x:18: +systemd-journal:x:23: +input:x:24: +mail:x:34: +kvm:x:61: +systemd-journal-gateway:x:73: +systemd-journal-remote:x:74: +systemd-journal-upload:x:75: +systemd-network:x:76: +systemd-resolve:x:77: +systemd-timesync:x:78: +systemd-coredump:x:79: +uuidd:x:80: +systemd-oom:x:81: +wheel:x:97: +users:x:999: +nogroup:x:65534: +EOF + +echo "tester:x:101:101::/home/tester:/bin/bash" >> /etc/passwd +echo "tester:x:101:" >> /etc/group +install -o tester -d /home/tester ++ + +
Used in section 1
+
+exec /usr/bin/bash --login
+
+touch /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,faillog,wtmp}
+chgrp -v utmp /var/log/lastlog
+chmod -v 664 /var/log/lastlog
+chmod -v 600 /var/log/btmp
+
+cd sources
+
+
+
+
+tar --extract --file 12.0/gettext-0.22.tar.xz +( +cd gettext-0.22 +./configure --disable-shared +make -j (nproc) +cp -v gettext-tools/src/{msgfmt,msgmerge,xgettext} /usr/bin +) +rm --recursive --force gettext-0.22 +
+tar --extract --file 12.0/bison-3.8.2.tar.xz +( +cd bison-3.8.2 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --docdir=/usr/share/doc/bison-3.8.2 +make -j (nproc) +make install +) +rm --recursive --force bison-3.8.2 +
+tar --extract --file 12.0/perl-5.38.0.tar.xz +( +cd perl-5.38.0 +sh Configure -des \ + -Dprefix=/usr \ + -Dvendorprefix=/usr \ + -Duseshrplib \ + -Dprivlib=/usr/lib/perl5/5.38/core_perl \ + -Darchlib=/usr/lib/perl5/5.38/core_perl \ + -Dsitelib=/usr/lib/perl5/5.38/site_perl \ + -Dsitearch=/usr/lib/perl5/5.38/site_perl \ + -Dvendorlib=/usr/lib/perl5/5.38/vendor_perl \ + -Dvendorarch=/usr/lib/perl5/5.38/vendor_perl +make -j (nproc) +make install +) +rm --recursive --force perl-5.38.0 +
+tar --extract --file 12.0/Python-3.11.4.tar.xz +( +cd Python-3.11.4 +./configure --prefix=/usr \ + --enable-shared \ + --without-ensurepip +make -j (nproc) +make install +) +rm --recursive --force Python-3.11.4 +
+tar --extract --file 12.0/texinfo-7.0.3.tar.xz +( +cd texinfo-7.0.3 +./configure --prefix=/usr +make -j (nproc) +make install +) +rm --recursive --force texinfo-7.0.3 +
+tar --extract --file 12.0/util-linux-2.39.1.tar.xz +( +cd util-linux-2.39.1 +mkdir -pv /var/lib/hwclock +./configure ADJTIME_PATH=/var/lib/hwclock/adjtime \ + --libdir=/usr/lib \ + --runstatedir=/run \ + --docdir=/usr/share/doc/util-linux-2.39.1 \ + --disable-chfn-chsh \ + --disable-login \ + --disable-nologin \ + --disable-su \ + --disable-setpriv \ + --disable-runuser \ + --disable-pylibmount \ + --disable-static \ + --without-python +make -j (nproc) +make install +) +rm --recursive --force util-linux-2.39.1 +
+
+rm -rf /usr/share/{info,man,doc}/*
+find /usr/{lib,libexec} -name \*.la -delete
+rm -rf /tools
+
+
+
+
++qemu-system-x86_64 -m 8G -smp $(nproc) -accel kvm -cpu host \ + -nic user,hostfwd=tcp::2222-:22 \ + -hda host.img \ + -hdb lfs.img \ + -daemonize ++ + +
Used in section 1
++mkdir $ROOT/sources +chmod -v a+wt $ROOT/sources +cd $ROOT/sources +wget --progress=dot:giga http://ftp.lfs-matrix.net/pub/lfs/lfs-packages/lfs-packages-12.0.tar +tar --extract --file lfs-packages-12.0.tar ++ + +
Used in section 1
++cat > ~/.bash_profile << "EOF" +exec env -i HOME=$HOME TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' /bin/bash +EOF + +cat > ~/.bashrc << "EOF" +set +h +umask 022 +BOOT=/mnt/lfs/boot +ROOT=/mnt/lfs/root +LC_ALL=POSIX +LFS_TGT=$(uname -m)-lfs-linux-gnu +PATH=/usr/bin +if [ ! -L /bin ]; then PATH=/bin:$PATH; fi +PATH=$ROOT/tools/bin:$PATH +CONFIG_SITE=$ROOT/usr/share/config.site +export BOOT ROOT LC_ALL LFS_TGT PATH CONFIG_SITE +EOF ++ + +
Used in section 1
++tar --extract --file 12.0/ +( +cd +make -j $(nproc) +make DESTDIR=$ROOT install +) +rm --recursive --force ++ + + +