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# jubjub-elgamal | ||
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![Build Status](https://github.com/dusk-network/jubjub-elgamal/workflows/Continuous%20integration/badge.svg) | ||
[![Repository](https://img.shields.io/badge/github-elgamal-blueviolet?logo=github)](https://github.com/dusk-network/jubjub-elgamal) | ||
[![Documentation](https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-elgamal-blue?logo=rust)](https://docs.rs/jubjub-elgamal/) | ||
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This crate provides a Rust implementation of the [ElGamal encryption scheme](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/3-540-39568-7_2) implemented for elements of the [JubJub elliptic curve](https://github.com/dusk-network/jubjub) to be used natively and as part of a Zero-Knowledge circuit using [plonk](https://github.com/dusk-network/plonk). This implementation is designed by the [Dusk](https://dusk.network) team. | ||
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## About | ||
The ElGamal encryption system is an asymmetric key encryption algorithm for public-key cryptography based on the Diffie-Hellman key exchange. | ||
Its security relies on the difficulty of computing discrete logarithms over finite fields. | ||
The implementation has been created using the field elements of the [`jubjub`](https://github.com/dusk-network/jubjub) elliptic curve. | ||
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## Algorithm | ||
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### Notation | ||
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In the following: | ||
- Multiplication of a point $P$ by a scalar $s$ stands for adding $P$ $s$-times to itself. | ||
- $\mathbb{F}_q$ is the prime finite field of order $q$ | ||
- for a prime $q$: $\mathbb{F}_q^× = \mathbb{F}_q \setminus 0$ contains all nonzero elements of $\mathbb{F}_q$. | ||
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### Setup | ||
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Since we implement our ElGamal encryption scheme on the jubjub elliptic curve we have: | ||
- a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$ over prime $q$, which corresponds to the scalar field of the elliptic curve BLS12-381 | ||
- an elliptic curve $E / \mathbb{F}_q$, in our case this is the jubjub elliptic curve | ||
- a subgroup $\mathbb{G} \in E(\mathbb{F}_q)$ of curve points, with prime order $p$ | ||
- a fixed generator point $G \in \mathbb{G}$ | ||
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#### Key generation | ||
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- Choose a private signing key, $sk \in \mathbb{F}_p^×$. | ||
- Compute the matching public key, $PK = skG \in \mathbb{G}$. | ||
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#### Encrypting | ||
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Suppose Alice wants to send Bob an encrypted message $m \in \mathbb{F}_q^×$. | ||
To encrypt the message Alice will use Bob's public-key $PK_B$: | ||
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- Choose a random blinder nonce $r \in \mathbb{F}_p^×$. | ||
- Compute first part of the ciphertext $c_1 = R = rG$. | ||
- Compute second part of the ciphertext $c_2 = m + PK_B * r$. | ||
- Send the ciphertext $(c_1, c_2)$ to Bob. | ||
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#### Decrypting | ||
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To decrypt the ciphertext $(c_1, c_2)$ Bob will use his secret-key $sk_B$: | ||
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- Compute $c_2 - c_1 * sk_B = m$ | ||
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This is true because: | ||
$$ | ||
c_2 - c_1 * sk_B = m + PK_B * r - (r * G * sk_B) = m + PK_B * r - PK_B * r = m | ||
$$ | ||
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## Example | ||
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A basic example demonstrating how to encrypt and decrypt a message using ElGamal: | ||
```rust | ||
use dusk_jubjub::{JubJubScalar, GENERATOR_EXTENDED}; | ||
use ff::Field; | ||
use jubjub_elgamal::{decrypt, encrypt}; | ||
use rand::rngs::StdRng; | ||
use rand::SeedableRng; | ||
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let mut rng = StdRng::seed_from_u64(0xc0b); | ||
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let sk = JubJubScalar::random(&mut rng); | ||
let pk = GENERATOR_EXTENDED * &sk; | ||
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let message = GENERATOR_EXTENDED * JubJubScalar::from(1234u64); | ||
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// Encrypt using a fresh random value 'blinder' | ||
let r = JubJubScalar::random(&mut rng); | ||
let (c1, c2) = encrypt(&pk, &message, &r); | ||
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// Assert decryption | ||
let dec_message = decrypt(&sk, &(c1, c2)); | ||
assert_eq!(message, dec_message); | ||
``` | ||
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## Licensing | ||
This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public | ||
License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this | ||
file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. | ||
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Copyright (c) DUSK NETWORK. All rights reserved. |