prng.js

/**
 * Fast Pseudo Random Number Generators.
 *
 * Given a seed a PRNG generates a sequence of numbers that cannot be reasonably predicted.
 * Two PRNGs must generate the same random sequence of numbers if  given the same seed.
 *
 * @module prng
 */

import * as binary from './binary.js'
import { fromCharCode, fromCodePoint } from './string.js'
import * as math from './math.js'
import { Xoroshiro128plus } from './prng/Xoroshiro128plus.js'
import * as buffer from './buffer.js'

/**
 * Description of the function
 *  @callback generatorNext
 *  @return {number} A random float in the cange of [0,1)
 */

/**
 * A random type generator.
 *
 * @typedef {Object} PRNG
 * @property {generatorNext} next Generate new number
 */
export const DefaultPRNG = Xoroshiro128plus

/**
 * Create a Xoroshiro128plus Pseudo-Random-Number-Generator.
 * This is the fastest full-period generator passing BigCrush without systematic failures.
 * But there are more PRNGs available in ./PRNG/.
 *
 * @param {number} seed A positive 32bit integer. Do not use negative numbers.
 * @return {PRNG}
 */
export const create = seed => new DefaultPRNG(seed)

/**
 * Generates a single random bool.
 *
 * @param {PRNG} gen A random number generator.
 * @return {Boolean} A random boolean
 */
export const bool = gen => (gen.next() >= 0.5)

/**
 * Generates a random integer with 53 bit resolution.
 *
 * @param {PRNG} gen A random number generator.
 * @param {Number} min The lower bound of the allowed return values (inclusive).
 * @param {Number} max The upper bound of the allowed return values (inclusive).
 * @return {Number} A random integer on [min, max]
 */
export const int53 = (gen, min, max) => math.floor(gen.next() * (max + 1 - min) + min)

/**
 * Generates a random integer with 53 bit resolution.
 *
 * @param {PRNG} gen A random number generator.
 * @param {Number} min The lower bound of the allowed return values (inclusive).
 * @param {Number} max The upper bound of the allowed return values (inclusive).
 * @return {Number} A random integer on [min, max]
 */
export const uint53 = (gen, min, max) => math.abs(int53(gen, min, max))

/**
 * Generates a random integer with 32 bit resolution.
 *
 * @param {PRNG} gen A random number generator.
 * @param {Number} min The lower bound of the allowed return values (inclusive).
 * @param {Number} max The upper bound of the allowed return values (inclusive).
 * @return {Number} A random integer on [min, max]
 */
export const int32 = (gen, min, max) => math.floor(gen.next() * (max + 1 - min) + min)

/**
 * Generates a random integer with 53 bit resolution.
 *
 * @param {PRNG} gen A random number generator.
 * @param {Number} min The lower bound of the allowed return values (inclusive).
 * @param {Number} max The upper bound of the allowed return values (inclusive).
 * @return {Number} A random integer on [min, max]
 */
export const uint32 = (gen, min, max) => int32(gen, min, max) >>> 0

/**
 * @deprecated
 * Optimized version of prng.int32. It has the same precision as prng.int32, but should be preferred when
 * openaring on smaller ranges.
 *
 * @param {PRNG} gen A random number generator.
 * @param {Number} min The lower bound of the allowed return values (inclusive).
 * @param {Number} max The upper bound of the allowed return values (inclusive). The max inclusive number is `binary.BITS31-1`
 * @return {Number} A random integer on [min, max]
 */
export const int31 = (gen, min, max) => int32(gen, min, max)

/**
 * Generates a random real on [0, 1) with 53 bit resolution.
 *
 * @param {PRNG} gen A random number generator.
 * @return {Number} A random real number on [0, 1).
 */
export const real53 = gen => gen.next() // (((gen.next() >>> 5) * binary.BIT26) + (gen.next() >>> 6)) / MAX_SAFE_INTEGER

/**
 * Generates a random character from char code 32 - 126. I.e. Characters, Numbers, special characters, and Space:
 *
 * @param {PRNG} gen A random number generator.
 * @return {string}
 *
 * (Space)!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[/]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~
 */
export const char = gen => fromCharCode(int31(gen, 32, 126))

/**
 * @param {PRNG} gen
 * @return {string} A single letter (a-z)
 */
export const letter = gen => fromCharCode(int31(gen, 97, 122))

/**
 * @param {PRNG} gen
 * @param {number} [minLen=0]
 * @param {number} [maxLen=20]
 * @return {string} A random word (0-20 characters) without spaces consisting of letters (a-z)
 */
export const word = (gen, minLen = 0, maxLen = 20) => {
  const len = int31(gen, minLen, maxLen)
  let str = ''
  for (let i = 0; i < len; i++) {
    str += letter(gen)
  }
  return str
}

/**
 * TODO: this function produces invalid runes. Does not cover all of utf16!!
 *
 * @param {PRNG} gen
 * @return {string}
 */
export const utf16Rune = gen => {
  const codepoint = int31(gen, 0, 256)
  return fromCodePoint(codepoint)
}

/**
 * @param {PRNG} gen
 * @param {number} [maxlen = 20]
 */
export const utf16String = (gen, maxlen = 20) => {
  const len = int31(gen, 0, maxlen)
  let str = ''
  for (let i = 0; i < len; i++) {
    str += utf16Rune(gen)
  }
  return str
}

/**
 * Returns one element of a given array.
 *
 * @param {PRNG} gen A random number generator.
 * @param {Array<T>} array Non empty Array of possible values.
 * @return {T} One of the values of the supplied Array.
 * @template T
 */
export const oneOf = (gen, array) => array[int31(gen, 0, array.length - 1)]

/**
 * @param {PRNG} gen
 * @param {number} len
 * @return {Uint8Array}
 */
export const uint8Array = (gen, len) => {
  const buf = buffer.createUint8ArrayFromLen(len)
  for (let i = 0; i < buf.length; i++) {
    buf[i] = int32(gen, 0, binary.BITS8)
  }
  return buf
}

/* c8 ignore start */
/**
 * @param {PRNG} gen
 * @param {number} len
 * @return {Uint16Array}
 */
export const uint16Array = (gen, len) => new Uint16Array(uint8Array(gen, len * 2).buffer)

/**
 * @param {PRNG} gen
 * @param {number} len
 * @return {Uint32Array}
 */
export const uint32Array = (gen, len) => new Uint32Array(uint8Array(gen, len * 4).buffer)
/* c8 ignore stop */