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ingenic-t31-unbrick-with-sd-card.md

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Unbrick Ingenic T31 with SD Card

NOTE:

On certain devices, like many Wyze and Atom models, the SD Card is powered through a GPIO
(General-Purpose Input/Output) connection.  This means you have to activate a particular GPIO either
in U-Boot or in the Linux system in order to supply power to use the SD Card. If your device is set
up this way, you cannot use this method without making physical changes to the hardware.

Ingenic T31 boot squence

If failed to boot from uboot on flash memory, T31 will then try to boot from SD card, no matter what bootsel pin is set. So if the uboot on flash chip is somehow broken, we can burn uboot to a SD card and boot from it. The uboot file should be specially compiled for SD card boot, you can't use the one for normal flash boot.

Compile uboot for SD card boot

mkdir /opt/openipc
cd /opt/openipc
git clone https://github.com/Dafang-Hacks/mips-gcc472-glibc216-64bit.git
git clone https://github.com/OpenIPC/u-boot-ingenic.git
export PATH="$PATH:/opt/openipc/mips-gcc472-glibc216-64bit/bin"
cd u-boot-ingenic
make distclean

Now choose the final make command according to your T31 chip type

SoC Command
T31N make isvp_t31_msc0
T31L make isvp_t31_msc0_lite
T31X make isvp_t31_msc0_ddr128M
T31A make isvp_t31a_msc0_ddr128M

Now you will get the compiled uboot file u-boot-with-spl.bin

Burn uboot to SD card

Insert SD card to your PC, run fdisk -l to check, you should see the device like in my case Disk /dev/sdb: 29.72 GiB, 31914983424 bytes, 62333952 sectors.

CAUTION! double check the /dev device name is actually your SD card, or you may lose data on other drives

dd if=./u-boot-with-spl.bin of=/dev/sdb bs=512 seek=34

This will burn the uboot file to SD card at 17KBytes offset from 0x0

Boot from SD card

If the original uboot on flash chip is broken or empty, it will choose to boot from SD card automatically, but if you just want to sideload your own uboot when there's working uboot on flash chip and camera PCB board's bootsel pin is set to 1, it will still boot from uboot on flash chip. To force booting from SD card, you can short circut pin 5 and 6 of the SOIC8 flash chip when powering up camera to block reading of the flash memory, details here.

OpenIPC uboot auto reset issue

OpenIPC's uboot will auto reset if failed to load kernel from default address, if you are trying to sideload uboot from SD card when there's a valid one on flash chip, this will result in camera booted to the original uboot again. To disable the auto reset function, edit include/configs/isvp_common.h, delete ; reset from the ending of the bootcmd line

uboot for other Ingenic SoC T10 T20 T21 & T30

uboot can be built for SD card boot for these SoCs, but not verified on real device

T10 & T20

SoC Command
T10 make isvp_t10_msc0
T20 make isvp_t20_msc0

T21 & T30

Edit /opt/openipc/u-boot-ingenic/boards.cfg add the following lines

isvp_t21_msc0                mips        xburst      isvp_t21            ingenic        t21         isvp_t21:SPL_MMC_SUPPORT,ENV_IS_IN_MMC,JZ_MMC_MSC0,SFC_COMMOND
isvp_t30_msc0                mips        xburst      isvp_t30            ingenic        t30        isvp_t30:SPL_MMC_SUPPORT,ENV_IS_IN_MMC,GPT_CREATOR,JZ_MMC_MSC0,SFC_COMMOND
isvp_t30_msc0_lite           mips        xburst      isvp_t30            ingenic        t30        isvp_t30:SPL_MMC_SUPPORT,ENV_IS_IN_MMC,GPT_CREATOR,JZ_MMC_MSC0,SFC_COMMOND,LITE_VERSION
isvp_t30_msc0_ddr128M        mips        xburst      isvp_t30            ingenic        t30        isvp_t30:SPL_MMC_SUPPORT,ENV_IS_IN_MMC,GPT_CREATOR,JZ_MMC_MSC0,SFC_COMMOND,DDR2_128M
isvp_t30a_msc0_ddr128M       mips        xburst      isvp_t30            ingenic        t30        isvp_t30:SPL_MMC_SUPPORT,ENV_IS_IN_MMC,GPT_CREATOR,JZ_MMC_MSC0,SFC_COMMOND,DDR2_128M,T30A

Choose make command according to your chip type

SoC Command
T21 make isvp_t21_msc0
T30N make isvp_t30_msc0
T30L make isvp_t30_msc0_lite
T30X make isvp_t30_msc0_ddr128M
T30A make isvp_t30a_msc0_ddr128M

Install OpenIPC from SD card in uboot

Use T31ZX with 16MB NOR flash for example, download the 16MB full size image

Method 1

Used if there's mmc but no fatload command in uboot, we can burn firmware to SD card without any filesystem

**CAUTION! ** double check the /dev device name is actually your SD card, or you may lose data on other drives

dd if=./openipc-t31x-ultimate-16mb.bin of=/dev/[sd-card-device] seek=20480

This will burn OpenIPC image to SD card at 10MB offset, when card block size is 512 bytes

In uboot, run

mw.b 0x80600000 0xff 0x1000000
mmc read 0x80600000 0x5000 0x8000
sf probe 0
sf erase 0x0 0x1000000
sf write 0x80600000 0x0 0x1000000

Method 2

Used if there's fatload command in uboot to directly load file from FAT filesystem

Mount SD card's FAT filesystem to your PC, copy OpenIPC firmware image into it. In uboot, run fatls mmc 0 to list files in the SD card, then

mw.b 0x80600000 0xff 0x1000000
fatload mmc 0 0x80600000 openipc-t31zx-ultimate-16mb.bin
sf probe 0
sf erase 0x0 0x1000000
sf write 0x80600000 0x0 0x1000000