diff --git a/t/translate/03_clean_input.t b/t/translate/03_clean_input.t
index 9e16a670..fdca909f 100644
--- a/t/translate/03_clean_input.t
+++ b/t/translate/03_clean_input.t
@@ -27,9 +27,8 @@ SecRule                 \
 /;
 
 {
-	open my $stdin, '<', \ $basic;
-	local *STDIN = $stdin;
-	my @out = clean_input(*STDIN);
+	my @in  = ($basic);
+	my @out = clean_input(@in);
 	is_deeply(
 		\@out,
 		[ q/SecRule ARGS "foo" "id:12345,pass"/ ],
@@ -38,9 +37,8 @@ SecRule                 \
 }
 
 {
-	open my $stdin, '<', \ $trim_left;
-	local *STDIN = $stdin;
-	my @out = clean_input(*STDIN);
+	my @in  = ($trim_left);
+	my @out = clean_input(@in);
 	is_deeply(
 		\@out,
 		[ q/SecRule ARGS "foo" "id:12345,pass"/ ],
@@ -49,9 +47,8 @@ SecRule                 \
 }
 
 {
-	open my $stdin, '<', \ $trim_right;
-	local *STDIN = $stdin;
-	my @out = clean_input(*STDIN);
+	my @in  = ($trim_right);
+	my @out = clean_input(@in);
 	is_deeply(
 		\@out,
 		[ q/SecRule ARGS "foo" "id:12345,pass"/ ],
@@ -60,9 +57,8 @@ SecRule                 \
 }
 
 {
-	open my $stdin, '<', \ $trim_both;
-	local *STDIN = $stdin;
-	my @out = clean_input(*STDIN);
+	my @in  = ($trim_both);
+	my @out = clean_input(@in);
 	is_deeply(
 		\@out,
 		[ q/SecRule ARGS "foo" "id:12345,pass"/ ],
@@ -71,9 +67,8 @@ SecRule                 \
 }
 
 {
-	open my $stdin, '<', \ $ignore_comment;
-	local *STDIN = $stdin;
-	my @out = clean_input(*STDIN);
+	my @in  = ($ignore_comment);
+	my @out = clean_input(@in);
 	is_deeply(
 		\@out,
 		[],
@@ -82,9 +77,8 @@ SecRule                 \
 }
 
 {
-	open my $stdin, '<', \ $invalid_directive;
-	local *STDIN = $stdin;
-	my @out = clean_input(*STDIN);
+	my @in  = ($invalid_directive);
+	my @out = clean_input(@in);
 	is_deeply(
 		\@out,
 		[],
@@ -93,9 +87,8 @@ SecRule                 \
 }
 
 {
-	open my $stdin, '<', \ $multi_line;
-	local *STDIN = $stdin;
-	my @out = clean_input(*STDIN);
+	my @in  = (split /\n/, $multi_line);
+	my @out = clean_input(@in);
 	is_deeply(
 		\@out,
 		[ q/SecRule ARGS "foo" "id:12345,pass"/ ],
@@ -104,10 +97,8 @@ SecRule                 \
 }
 
 {
-	my $data = "$basic\n$multi_line\n";
-	open my $stdin, '<', \ $data;
-	local *STDIN = $stdin;
-	my @out = clean_input(*STDIN);
+	my @in  = ($basic, split /\n/, $multi_line);
+	my @out = clean_input(@in);
 	is_deeply(
 		\@out,
 		[
@@ -119,10 +110,8 @@ SecRule                 \
 }
 
 {
-	my $data = "$basic\n$comment\n$multi_line";
-	open my $stdin, '<', \ $data;
-	local *STDIN = $stdin;
-	my @out = clean_input(*STDIN);
+	my @in  = ($basic, $comment, split /\n/, $multi_line);
+	my @out = clean_input(@in);
 	is_deeply(
 		\@out,
 		[
@@ -134,9 +123,8 @@ SecRule                 \
 }
 
 {
-	open my $stdin, '<', \ $multi_line_action;
-	local *STDIN = $stdin;
-	my @out = clean_input(*STDIN);
+	my @in  = (split /\n/, $multi_line_action);
+	my @out = clean_input(@in);
 	is_deeply(
 		\@out,
 		[ q/SecRule ARGS "foo" "id:12345, phase:1, block, setvar:tx.foo=bar, expirevar:tx.foo=60"/ ],
diff --git a/tools/Modsec2LRW.pm b/tools/Modsec2LRW.pm
index 9d2b03fc..d2634541 100644
--- a/tools/Modsec2LRW.pm
+++ b/tools/Modsec2LRW.pm
@@ -170,14 +170,13 @@ sub valid_line {
 }
 
 sub clean_input {
-	my ($fh) = @_;
+	my (@input) = @_;
 
 	my (@lines, @line_buf);
 
-	while (my $line = <$fh>) {
-		chomp $line;
-
+	for my $line (@input) {
 		# ignore comments and blank lines
+		next if ! $line;
 		next if $line =~ m/^\s*$/;
 		next if $line =~ m/^\s*#/;
 
diff --git a/tools/modsec2lua-resty-waf.pl b/tools/modsec2lua-resty-waf.pl
index b0a36e1e..a9c70886 100755
--- a/tools/modsec2lua-resty-waf.pl
+++ b/tools/modsec2lua-resty-waf.pl
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ sub usage {
 
 
 sub main {
-	my ($path, $quiet, $silent, $pretty, $force);
+	my ($path, $quiet, $silent, $pretty, $force, @input);
 
 	GetOptions(
 		'q|quiet'  => \$quiet,
@@ -41,9 +41,14 @@ sub main {
 	# silent implies quiet
 	$quiet = 1 if $silent;
 
+	while (<>) {
+		chomp;
+		push @input, $_;
+	}
+
 	# ModSecurity ruleset parsing
 	# clean the input and build an array of tokens
-	my @parsed_lines = map { parse_tokens(tokenize($_)) } clean_input(*STDIN);
+	my @parsed_lines = map { parse_tokens(tokenize($_)) } clean_input(@input);
 
 	# ModSecurity knows where it lives in a chain
 	# via pointer arithmetic and internal state handling