rdaddr.h

/*
 * librd - Rapid Development C library
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2012, Magnus Edenhill
 * All rights reserved.
 * 
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 
 * 
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
 *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
 *    and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 
 * 
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
 * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 
 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE 
 * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR 
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF 
 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN 
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#pragma once

#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netdb.h>

/**
 * rd_sockaddr_inx_t is a union for either ipv4 or ipv6 sockaddrs.
 * It provides conveniant abstraction of AF_INET* agnostic operations.
 */
typedef union {
	struct sockaddr_in in;
	struct sockaddr_in6 in6;
} rd_sockaddr_inx_t;
#define sinx_family in.sin_family
#define sinx_addr   in.sin_addr
#define RD_SOCKADDR_INX_LEN(sinx) \
	((sinx)->sinx_family == AF_INET ? sizeof(struct sockaddr_in) :	\
	 (sinx)->sinx_family == AF_INET6 ? sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6):	\
	 sizeof(rd_sockaddr_inx_t))
#define RD_SOCKADDR_INX_PORT(sinx)					\
	((sinx)->sinx_family == AF_INET ? (sinx)->in.sin_port :		\
	 (sinx)->sinx_family == AF_INET6 ? (sinx)->in6.sin6_port : 0)

#define RD_SOCKADDR_INX_PORT_SET(sinx,port) do {		\
	if ((sinx)->sinx_family == AF_INET)			\
		(sinx)->in.sin_port = port;			\
	else if ((sinx)->sinx_family == AF_INET6)		\
		(sinx)->in6.sin6_port = port;			\
 } while (0)



/**
 * Returns a thread-local temporary string (may be called up to 32 times
 * without buffer wrapping) containing the human string representation
 * of the sockaddr (which should be AF_INET or AF_INET6 at this point).
 * If the RD_SOCKADDR2STR_F_PORT is provided the port number will be
 * appended to the string.
 * IPv6 address enveloping ("[addr]:port") will also be performed
 * if .._F_PORT is set.
 */
#define RD_SOCKADDR2STR_F_PORT    0x1  /* Append the port. */
#define RD_SOCKADDR2STR_F_RESOLVE 0x2  /* Try to resolve address to hostname. */
#define RD_SOCKADDR2STR_F_FAMILY  0x4  /* Prepend address family. */
#define RD_SOCKADDR2STR_F_NICE         /* Nice and friendly output */ \
	(RD_SOCKADDR2STR_F_PORT | RD_SOCKADDR2STR_F_RESOLVE)
const char *rd_sockaddr2str (const void *addr, int flags);


/**
 * Splits a node:service definition up into their node and svc counterparts
 * suitable for passing to getaddrinfo().
 * Returns NULL on success (and temporarily available pointers in '*node'
 * and '*svc') or error string on failure.
 *
 * Thread-safe but returned buffers in '*node' and '*svc' are only
 * usable until the next call to rd_addrinfo_prepare() in the same thread.
 */
const char *rd_addrinfo_prepare (const char *nodesvc,
				 char **node, char **svc);



typedef struct rd_sockaddr_list_s {
	int rsal_cnt;
	int rsal_curr;
	rd_sockaddr_inx_t rsal_addr[0];
} rd_sockaddr_list_t;


/**
 * Returns the next address from a sockaddr list and updates
 * the current-index to point to it.
 *
 * Typical usage is for round-robin connection attempts or similar:
 *   while (1) {
 *       rd_sockaddr_inx_t *sinx = rd_sockaddr_list_next(my_server_list);
 *       if (do_connect((struct sockaddr *)sinx) == -1) {
 *          sleep(1);
 *          continue;
 *       }
 *       ...
 *   }
 * 
 */
 
static inline rd_sockaddr_inx_t *
rd_sockaddr_list_next (rd_sockaddr_list_t *rsal) RD_UNUSED;
static inline rd_sockaddr_inx_t *
rd_sockaddr_list_next (rd_sockaddr_list_t *rsal) {
	rsal->rsal_curr = (rsal->rsal_curr + 1) % rsal->rsal_cnt;
	return &rsal->rsal_addr[rsal->rsal_curr];
}


#define RD_SOCKADDR_LIST_FOREACH(sinx, rsal)			\
	for  ((sinx) = &(rsal)->rsal_addr[0] ;			\
	      (sinx) < &(rsal)->rsal_addr[(rsal)->rsal_len] ;	\
	      (sinx)++)

/**
 * Wrapper for getaddrinfo(3) that performs these additional tasks:
 *  - Input is a combined "<node>[:<svc>]" string, with support for
 *    IPv6 enveloping ("[addr]:port").
 *  - Returns a rd_sockaddr_list_t which must be freed with
 *    rd_sockaddr_list_destroy() when done with it.
 *  - Automatically shuffles the returned address list to provide
 *    round-robin (unless RD_AI_NOSHUFFLE is provided in 'flags').
 *
 * Thread-safe.
 */
#define RD_AI_NOSHUFFLE  0x10000000 /* Dont shuffle returned address list.
				     * FIXME: Guessing non-used bits like this
				     *        is a bad idea. */

rd_sockaddr_list_t *rd_getaddrinfo (const char *nodesvc, const char *defsvc,
				    int flags, int family,
				    int socktype, int protocol,
				    const char **errstr);



/**
 * Frees a sockaddr list.
 *
 * Thread-safe.
 */
void rd_sockaddr_list_destroy (rd_sockaddr_list_t *rsal);



/**
 * Returns the human readable name of a socket family.
 */
static const char *rd_family2str (int af) RD_UNUSED;
static const char *rd_family2str (int af) {
	static const char *names[] = {
		[AF_LOCAL]     = "local",
		[AF_INET]      = "inet",
		[AF_INET6]     = "inet6",
		[AF_NETLINK]   = "netlink",
		[AF_ROUTE]     = "route",
		[AF_PACKET]    = "packet",
		[AF_BLUETOOTH] = "bluetooth",
	};

	if (unlikely(af >= RD_ARRAYSIZE(names))) {
		static __thread char tmp[16];
		snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "af-%i", af);
		return tmp;
	}

	return names[af];
}