[Core] Support branch batch/streaming read and write

[TaoZex]

Purpose

Write: After data is written, the new snapshot is written to the corresponding branch directory
Read: Read the snapshot in the corresponding branch directory to get the data file position

Linked issue:
#2727
#2726

subtask of #1795

Tests

API and Format

Next

support merge branch

[xiangyuf]

Hi @TaoZex, I browsed through your request and thx for ur work. In my humble opinion, this PR contains lots of changes and can be separated into several PRs in order to improve the efficiency of code review. For example, we can have one PR for changes in BranchManager, TagManager, SnapShotManager and SchemaManager to support some basic operations of Branch. After that, we can launch another PR for branch Streaming/Batch read or Streaming/Batch write. By doing this, we can make the code review work more easy here. And once the basic operations of Branch have been merged, we can implement the replace/merge operation of Branch. WDYT? Also, I'd like to hear more from @FangYongs .

[TaoZex]

Hi @TaoZex, I browsed through your request and thx for ur work. In my humble opinion, this PR contains lots of changes and can be separated into several PRs in order to improve the efficiency of code review. For example, we can have one PR for changes in BranchManager, TagManager, SnapShotManager and SchemaManager to support some basic operations of Branch. After that, we can launch another PR for branch Streaming/Batch read or Streaming/Batch write. By doing this, we can make the code review work more easy here. And once the basic operations of Branch have been merged, we can implement the replace/merge operation of Branch. WDYT? Also, I'd like to hear more from @FangYongs .

Thank you for your suggestion. We have discussed related issues in #2608. In order to be compatible with the original design and reduce changes, the form of changes is similar to the following figure:

The current approach is the result of the previous discussion, and there are not many changes shown in the figure above, so I still hope to merge the current pr. Thanks again for your advice.

[TaoZex]

Timeout in ci, please rerun it. Thanks.

[schnappi17]

+1 for this, thanks @TaoZex for contribution

[TaoZex]

Thanks for every reviewer. Happy New Year! @FangYongs @schnappi17 @xiangyuf

[xiangyuf]

@TaoZex Great work, thx for contribution.