diff --git a/faststream/nats/testing.py b/faststream/nats/testing.py
index 2fa2bddd1a..f106c93f9d 100644
--- a/faststream/nats/testing.py
+++ b/faststream/nats/testing.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 from typing_extensions import override
 
 from faststream.broker.message import encode_message, gen_cor_id
+from faststream.exceptions import WRONG_PUBLISH_ARGS
 from faststream.nats.broker import NatsBroker
 from faststream.nats.publisher.producer import NatsFastProducer
 from faststream.nats.schemas.js_stream import is_subject_match_wildcard
@@ -71,6 +72,9 @@ async def publish(  # type: ignore[override]
         rpc_timeout: Optional[float] = None,
         raise_timeout: bool = False,
     ) -> Any:
+        if rpc and reply_to:
+            raise WRONG_PUBLISH_ARGS
+
         incoming = build_message(
             message=message,
             subject=subject,
diff --git a/faststream/rabbit/testing.py b/faststream/rabbit/testing.py
index e425ed02d6..e15cbe2cb3 100644
--- a/faststream/rabbit/testing.py
+++ b/faststream/rabbit/testing.py
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 from typing_extensions import override
 
 from faststream.broker.message import gen_cor_id
+from faststream.exceptions import WRONG_PUBLISH_ARGS
 from faststream.rabbit.broker.broker import RabbitBroker
 from faststream.rabbit.parser import AioPikaParser
 from faststream.rabbit.publisher.asyncapi import AsyncAPIPublisher
@@ -197,6 +198,9 @@ async def publish(  # type: ignore[override]
         """Publish a message to a RabbitMQ queue or exchange."""
         exch = RabbitExchange.validate(exchange)
 
+        if rpc and reply_to:
+            raise WRONG_PUBLISH_ARGS
+
         incoming = build_message(
             message=message,
             exchange=exch,
diff --git a/faststream/redis/testing.py b/faststream/redis/testing.py
index 54cf908923..74541322f1 100644
--- a/faststream/redis/testing.py
+++ b/faststream/redis/testing.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 from typing_extensions import override
 
 from faststream.broker.message import gen_cor_id
-from faststream.exceptions import SetupError
+from faststream.exceptions import WRONG_PUBLISH_ARGS, SetupError
 from faststream.redis.broker.broker import RedisBroker
 from faststream.redis.message import (
     BatchListMessage,
@@ -87,6 +87,9 @@ async def publish(  # type: ignore[override]
         rpc_timeout: Optional[float] = 30.0,
         raise_timeout: bool = False,
     ) -> Optional[Any]:
+        if rpc and reply_to:
+            raise WRONG_PUBLISH_ARGS
+
         correlation_id = correlation_id or gen_cor_id()
 
         body = build_message(
diff --git a/tests/brokers/nats/test_test_client.py b/tests/brokers/nats/test_test_client.py
index 8190e27509..c4bdaa7b41 100644
--- a/tests/brokers/nats/test_test_client.py
+++ b/tests/brokers/nats/test_test_client.py
@@ -3,12 +3,23 @@
 import pytest
 
 from faststream import BaseMiddleware
+from faststream.exceptions import SetupError
 from faststream.nats import JStream, NatsBroker, PullSub, TestNatsBroker
 from tests.brokers.base.testclient import BrokerTestclientTestcase
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio()
 class TestTestclient(BrokerTestclientTestcase):
+    async def test_rpc_conflicts_reply(self, queue):
+        async with TestNatsBroker(NatsBroker()) as br:
+            with pytest.raises(SetupError):
+                await br.publish(
+                    "",
+                    queue,
+                    rpc=True,
+                    reply_to="response",
+                )
+
     @pytest.mark.nats()
     async def test_with_real_testclient(
         self,
diff --git a/tests/brokers/rabbit/test_test_client.py b/tests/brokers/rabbit/test_test_client.py
index b5f32f0de6..0bb72286e5 100644
--- a/tests/brokers/rabbit/test_test_client.py
+++ b/tests/brokers/rabbit/test_test_client.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 import pytest
 
 from faststream import BaseMiddleware
+from faststream.exceptions import SetupError
 from faststream.rabbit import (
     ExchangeType,
     RabbitBroker,
@@ -18,6 +19,16 @@
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio()
 class TestTestclient(BrokerTestclientTestcase):
+    async def test_rpc_conflicts_reply(self, queue):
+        async with TestRabbitBroker(RabbitBroker()) as br:
+            with pytest.raises(SetupError):
+                await br.publish(
+                    "",
+                    queue,
+                    rpc=True,
+                    reply_to="response",
+                )
+
     @pytest.mark.rabbit()
     async def test_with_real_testclient(
         self,
diff --git a/tests/brokers/redis/test_test_client.py b/tests/brokers/redis/test_test_client.py
index ba87d4e685..951d071fbe 100644
--- a/tests/brokers/redis/test_test_client.py
+++ b/tests/brokers/redis/test_test_client.py
@@ -3,12 +3,23 @@
 import pytest
 
 from faststream import BaseMiddleware
+from faststream.exceptions import SetupError
 from faststream.redis import ListSub, RedisBroker, StreamSub, TestRedisBroker
 from tests.brokers.base.testclient import BrokerTestclientTestcase
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio()
 class TestTestclient(BrokerTestclientTestcase):
+    async def test_rpc_conflicts_reply(self, queue):
+        async with TestRedisBroker(RedisBroker()) as br:
+            with pytest.raises(SetupError):
+                await br.publish(
+                    "",
+                    queue,
+                    rpc=True,
+                    reply_to="response",
+                )
+
     @pytest.mark.redis()
     async def test_with_real_testclient(
         self,