From b3387ea54251af5d90d44596de7b1b380653a5e5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: LY <51789698+Young-Lord@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sat, 2 Dec 2023 10:12:45 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?=E6=9B=B4=E6=96=B0=E5=8D=9A=E6=96=87=EF=BC=9AVe?= =?UTF-8?q?ntoy=20Arch=20Linux=20To=20Go=20=E5=8D=81=E5=88=86=E9=92=9F?= =?UTF-8?q?=E9=80=9F=E9=80=9A?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- ...06\351\222\237\351\200\237\351\200\232.md" | 147 +++++++++++++++++- 1 file changed, 144 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git "a/_posts/2023-11-30-Ventoy_Arch_Linux_To_Go_\345\215\201\345\210\206\351\222\237\351\200\237\351\200\232.md" "b/_posts/2023-11-30-Ventoy_Arch_Linux_To_Go_\345\215\201\345\210\206\351\222\237\351\200\237\351\200\232.md" index 16ab78e..e0da6de 100644 --- "a/_posts/2023-11-30-Ventoy_Arch_Linux_To_Go_\345\215\201\345\210\206\351\222\237\351\200\237\351\200\232.md" +++ "b/_posts/2023-11-30-Ventoy_Arch_Linux_To_Go_\345\215\201\345\210\206\351\222\237\351\200\237\351\200\232.md" @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ tags: [Arch Linux, Ventoy] title: Ventoy Arch Linux To Go 十分钟速通 slug: arch-to-go -last_modified_at: 2023-11-30 +last_modified_at: 2023-12-2 --- ## 前言 @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ last_modified_at: 2023-11-30 - Mirrors: Region: China - Disk configuration: Use a best-effort default partition layout -> 选中那个比较大的盘（`ATA VBOX HARDDISK`;`/dev/sda`;`scsi`） -> btrfs -> yes -> yes（一路Enter就行） - Bootloader: Systemd-boot（默认值）（这里要是默认值是`Grub`且没有`Systemd-boot`就可以重开了，你没开`EFI`） -- Swap: no（真有人拿U盘当swap？要是是移动硬盘之类的可以视情况调整） +- Swap: no（真有人拿U盘当swap？要是是移动硬盘之类的可以视情况调整）（其实这个[貌似](https://github.com/archlinux/archinstall/blob/4955b64a8c596d3eafa1b96b74e915ad12b3fe63/archinstall/lib/installer.py#L710)是[zram](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Zram)而非swap分区或Swapfile，所以开应该也没关系…吧？） - Hostname: livearch（自行输入） - Root password: 自行输入 - User account: 自行输入，我这里用户名为`user`，并且给予了`sudo`权限 @@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ last_modified_at: 2023-11-30 - Audio: Pipewire（可选，不用声音的话不装也行） - Network configuration: NetworkManager（要是你用别的方法能装包，也可以不装） - Timezone: Asia/Shanghai +- NTP: True（时间同步，如果你的Timezone与宿主机（也就是你插U盘进去那台机）上的Timezone不一致的话建议不开，否则可能会搞乱宿主机的系统时间） 配置完后直接Install。 @@ -164,7 +165,147 @@ echo vhci-hcd | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/vhci-hcd.conf # 开机自动加载 这里建议测试一下是否在`UEFI`（主要与`mkinitcpio`有关）及`Legacy BIOS`（主要与`grub`有关）启动模式下均能正常工作，方法不再赘述。 -UEFI启动时会有奇怪的start job failed，不过不影响使用。 +## 问题 + +### 使用UEFI启动时的1min30s延迟 + +UEFI启动时会有奇怪的`[ *** ] A start job is running for xxx (xxx / 1min 30s)`，不过不影响使用。根据我的猜测，这个问题成因是`boot`分区指向`/dev/dm-1`，因此`Systemd-boot`拒绝使用已挂载的`/boot`作为ESP。 + +有一些workaround： + +- 使用Grub完全替换掉Systemd-boot：太麻烦了，不推荐 +- 修改Systemd的默认timeout（把`/etc/systemd/system.conf`里的`DefaultDeviceTimeoutSec`改成`10s`）：不推荐，可能会导致其他问题 +- 修改对应unit的timeout：没有成功。 +- 阻止此服务运行：我的方法，没有出现其他问题，具体见下： + +```shell +sudo mkdir /usr/lib/systemd/system-generators-backup +sudo mv /usr/lib/systemd/system-generators/systemd-gpt-auto-generator /usr/lib/systemd/system-generators-backup/systemd-gpt-auto-generator.bak +``` + +具体log（`journalctl -b`）： + +```plain +Dec 02 00:19:00 archlinux systemd[1]: Job dev-disk-by\x2ddiskseq-3\x2dpart1.device/start timed out. +Dec 02 00:19:00 archlinux systemd[1]: Timed out waiting for device /dev/disk/by-diskseq/3-part1. +Dec 02 00:19:00 archlinux systemd[1]: Dependency failed for EFI System Partition Automount. +Dec 02 00:19:00 archlinux systemd[1]: efi.mount: Job efi.mount/start failed with result 'dependency'. +Dec 02 00:19:00 archlinux systemd[1]: dev-disk-by\x2ddiskseq-3\x2dpart1.device: Job dev-disk-by\x2ddiskseq-3\x2dpart1.device/start failed with result 'timeout'. +``` + +```shell +[user@archlinux dev]$ bootctl +Couldn't find EFI system partition. It is recommended to mount it to /boot or /efi. +Alternatively, use --esp-path= to specify path to mount point. +System: + Firmware: UEFI 2.70 (American Megatrends 5.13) + Firmware Arch: x64 + Secure Boot: disabled (unknown) + TPM2 Support: yes + Boot into FW: supported + +Current Boot Loader: + Product: systemd-boot 254.6-2-arch + Features: ✓ Boot counting + ✓ Menu timeout control + ✓ One-shot menu timeout control + ✓ Default entry control + ✓ One-shot entry control + ✓ Support for XBOOTLDR partition + ✓ Support for passing random seed to OS + ✓ Load drop-in drivers + ✓ Support Type #1 sort-key field + ✓ Support @saved pseudo-entry + ✓ Support Type #1 devicetree field + ✓ Enroll SecureBoot keys + ✓ Retain SHIM protocols + ✓ Boot loader sets ESP information + ESP: /dev/disk/by-partuuid/503e184d-c5db-425f-84d7-572495267d53 + File: └─/EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI + +Random Seed: + System Token: not set + +Boot Loaders Listed in EFI Variables: + Title: deepin + ID: 0x0002 + Status: active, boot-order + Partition: /dev/disk/by-partuuid/a0cda2b8-607d-4a98-ab39-4a267c7dd522 + File: └─/EFI/DEEPIN/SHIMX64.EFI + + Title: Windows Boot Manager + ID: 0x0001 + Status: active, boot-order + Partition: /dev/disk/by-partuuid/a0cda2b8-607d-4a98-ab39-4a267c7dd522 + File: └─/EFI/MICROSOFT/BOOT/BOOTMGFW.EFI + +[user@archlinux dev]$ bootctl --esp-path=/boot +dm-1: Failed to get device property: No such file or directory +System: + +Current Boot Loader: + +Random Seed: + System Token: not set + Exists: yes + +Available Boot Loaders on ESP: + ESP: /boot + File: ├─/EFI/systemd/systemd-bootx64.efi (systemd-boot 254.6-2- +arch) + └─/EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI (systemd-boot 254.6-2-arch) + +Boot Loaders Listed in EFI Variables: + +Boot Loader Entries: + $BOOT: /boot + token: arch + +Default Boot Loader Entry: + type: Boot Loader Specification Type #1 (.conf) + title: Arch Linux (linux) + id: 2023-11-30_13-31-20_linux.conf + source: /boot//loader/entries/2023-11-30_13-31-20_linux.conf + linux: /boot//vmlinuz-linux + initrd: /boot//initramfs-linux.img + options: root=UUID=3292b807-b6b5-4fd5-b50d-9dfdcf01088c zswap.enabled=0 ro +otflags=subvol=@ rw rootfstype=btrfs + + +[user@archlinux dev]$ ls -al /dev/dm-1 +brw-rw---- 1 root disk 254, 1 Dec 2 2023 /dev/dm-1 + +[user@archlinux dev]$ mount | grep boot +/dev/mapper/ventoy1 on /boot type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=ascii,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro) + +[user@archlinux dev]$ ls -al /dev/mapper/ventoy1 +lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Dec 2 2023 /dev/mapper/ventoy1 -> ../dm-1 + +[user@archlinux dev]$ lsblk +NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS +sda 8:0 0 465.8G 0 disk +sdb 8:16 1 115.5G 0 disk +├─sdb1 8:17 1 100.5G 0 part +│ └─ventoy 254:0 0 6G 0 dm +│ ├─ventoy1 254:1 0 512M 0 dm /boot +│ └─ventoy2 254:2 0 5.5G 0 dm /var/log +│ /home +│ /var/cache/pacman/pkg +│ /.snapshots +│ / +├─sdb2 8:18 1 32M 0 part +``` + +本段的参考资料： + +- [global mounting default timeout of 1min 30s / System Administration / Arch Linux Forums](https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=191744) +- [systemd#GPT_partition_automounting - ArchWiki](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/systemd#GPT_partition_automounting) +- [Why should I mount both /boot and /efi / Laptop Issues / Arch Linux Forums](https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=289331) +- [\[SOLVED\] systemd boot mounts to /efi despite specifying ESP path / Newbie Corner / Arch Linux Forums](https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=2006888#p2006888) +- [systemd-gpt-auto-generator(8) - Linux manual page](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/devel/systemd-gpt-auto-generator.html) +- [systemd.generator(7) - Linux manual page](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/latest/systemd.generator.html) +- [systemd.unit(5) - Linux manual page](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/latest/systemd.unit.html#Description)：写了一个override.conf来覆盖`efi.mount`的`TimeoutSec`，但是好像没用。 +- [How to change systemd service timeout value? - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange](https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/227017/how-to-change-systemd-service-timeout-value) ## 参考资料