diff --git a/lib/trestle/resource/builder.rb b/lib/trestle/resource/builder.rb
index 26e23c81..67a2daaf 100644
--- a/lib/trestle/resource/builder.rb
+++ b/lib/trestle/resource/builder.rb
@@ -76,14 +76,16 @@ def count(&block)
         admin.define_adapter_method(:count, &block)
       end
 
-      def scopes(options={}, &block)
-        admin.scopes.options.merge!(options)
-        admin.scopes.append(options, &block) if block_given?
+      def scopes(defaults: {}, **options, &block)
+        defaults = defaults.merge(options.slice(:count))
+
+        admin.scopes.apply_options!(options)
+        admin.scopes.append(**defaults, &block) if block_given?
       end
 
-      def scope(name, scope=nil, options={}, &block)
+      def scope(name, scope=nil, **options, &block)
         scopes do
-          scope(name, scope, options, &block)
+          scope(name, scope, **options, &block)
         end
       end
 
diff --git a/lib/trestle/scopes/block.rb b/lib/trestle/scopes/block.rb
index a8b13ae1..32915f29 100644
--- a/lib/trestle/scopes/block.rb
+++ b/lib/trestle/scopes/block.rb
@@ -1,37 +1,33 @@
 module Trestle
   class Scopes
     class Block
-      attr_reader :block, :options
+      attr_reader :block, :defaults
 
-      def initialize(options={}, &block)
-        @options, @block = options, block
+      def initialize(**defaults, &block)
+        @defaults, @block = defaults, block
       end
 
       # Evaluates the scope block within the given admin context
       # and returns an array of the scopes that were defined.
       def scopes(context)
-        context = Evaluator.new(context, options)
+        context = Evaluator.new(context, **defaults)
         context.instance_exec(context, &block)
         context.scopes
       end
 
+    protected
       class Evaluator
         include EvaluationContext
 
         attr_reader :scopes
 
-        def initialize(context=nil, defaults={})
+        def initialize(context=nil, **defaults)
           @context, @defaults = context, defaults
           @scopes = []
         end
 
-        def scope(name, scope=nil, options={}, &block)
-          if scope.is_a?(Hash)
-            options = scope
-            scope = nil
-          end
-
-          scopes << Scope.new(@context, name, @defaults.merge(options), &(scope || block))
+        def scope(name, scope=nil, **options, &block)
+          scopes << Scope.new(@context, name, **@defaults.merge(options), &(scope || block))
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/lib/trestle/scopes/definition.rb b/lib/trestle/scopes/definition.rb
index 2c9a2b9a..6c63559a 100644
--- a/lib/trestle/scopes/definition.rb
+++ b/lib/trestle/scopes/definition.rb
@@ -8,8 +8,12 @@ def initialize
         @options = {}
       end
 
-      def append(options={}, &block)
-        @blocks << Block.new(options, &block)
+      def append(**defaults, &block)
+        @blocks << Block.new(**defaults, &block)
+      end
+
+      def apply_options!(options)
+        @options.merge!(options)
       end
 
       # Evaluates each of the scope blocks within the given admin context
diff --git a/lib/trestle/scopes/scope.rb b/lib/trestle/scopes/scope.rb
index 46ec6682..55444a67 100644
--- a/lib/trestle/scopes/scope.rb
+++ b/lib/trestle/scopes/scope.rb
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 module Trestle
   class Scopes
     class Scope
-      attr_reader :name, :options, :block
+      attr_reader :name, :group, :block
 
-      def initialize(admin, name, options={}, &block)
-        @admin, @name, @options, @block = admin, name, options, block
+      def initialize(admin, name, label: nil, group: nil, default: false, count: true, &block)
+        @admin, @name, @block = admin, name, block
+        @label, @group, @default, @count = label, group, default, count
       end
 
       def to_param
@@ -12,19 +13,15 @@ def to_param
       end
 
       def label
-        @options[:label] || @admin.t("scopes.#{name}", default: name.to_s.humanize.titleize)
-      end
-
-      def group
-        @options[:group]
+        @label || default_label
       end
 
       def default?
-        @options[:default] == true
+        @default
       end
 
       def count?
-        @options[:count] != false
+        @count
       end
 
       def apply(collection)
@@ -40,6 +37,7 @@ def apply(collection)
       end
 
       def count(collection)
+        return unless count?
         @admin.count(@admin.merge_scopes(collection, apply(collection)))
       end
 
@@ -52,6 +50,11 @@ def active?(params)
           default?
         end
       end
+
+    protected
+      def default_label
+        @admin.t("scopes.#{name}", default: name.to_s.humanize.titleize)
+      end
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/sandbox/app/admin/users_admin.rb b/sandbox/app/admin/users_admin.rb
index 09c47950..289b364b 100644
--- a/sandbox/app/admin/users_admin.rb
+++ b/sandbox/app/admin/users_admin.rb
@@ -7,6 +7,14 @@
     model.alphabetical.includes(:office)
   end
 
+  scopes layout: :columns do
+    Office.order(country: :asc, city: :asc).each do |office|
+      scope office.city, group: office.country do
+        office.users
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   table do
     column :avatar, header: false, align: :center do |user|
       avatar(fallback: user.initials, style: "background: #{user.avatar_color}") { gravatar(user.email, d: user.avatar_type_value) }
diff --git a/sandbox/db/seeds.rb b/sandbox/db/seeds.rb
index f1d40b63..e2c79864 100644
--- a/sandbox/db/seeds.rb
+++ b/sandbox/db/seeds.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 offices = Office.create!([
   { city: "London", country: "United Kingdom", address_1: "97 Crown Street", address_2: "", phone: "077 3677 3986", url: "https://www.example.co.uk" },
+  { city: "Austin", country: "United States", address_1: "3095 Brentwood Drive", address_2: "", phone: "512-836-3538", url: "https://www.example.com" },
   { city: "San Francisco", country: "United States", address_1: "3617 Delaware Avenue", address_2: "", phone: "415-335-2512", url: "https://www.example.com" },
   { city: "New York", country: "United States", address_1: "2442 Geneva Street", address_2: "", phone: "917-437-9093", url: "https://www.example.com" },
+  { city: "Melbourne", country: "Australia", address_1: "151/153 Brunswick St", address_2: "", phone: "(03) 9417 3434", url: "https://www.example.com.au" },
   { city: "Sydney", country: "Australia", address_1: "79 Ocean Street", address_2: "", phone: "(02) 8595 0018", url: "https://www.example.com.au" },
   { city: "Auckland", country: "New Zealand", address_1: "278 Steele Street", address_2: "", phone: "(021) 2545-544", url: "https://www.example.co.nz" },
   { city: "Singapore", country: "Singapore", address_1: "155 North Bridge Road", address_2: "#26-01 Peninsula Plaza", phone: "65-6336 4010", url: "https://www.example.sg" }
diff --git a/spec/trestle/resource/builder_spec.rb b/spec/trestle/resource/builder_spec.rb
index 52d6c1e6..167fed10 100644
--- a/spec/trestle/resource/builder_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/trestle/resource/builder_spec.rb
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ class TestDecorator; end
       scope = admin.scopes.first
 
       expect(scope.name).to eq(:my_scope)
-      expect(scope.options).to eq(label: "Custom Label")
+      expect(scope.label).to eq("Custom Label")
       expect(scope.block).to eq(b)
     end
 
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ class TestDecorator; end
         scope = admin.scopes.first
 
         expect(scope.name).to eq(:my_scope)
-        expect(scope.options).to eq(label: "Custom Label")
+        expect(scope.label).to eq("Custom Label")
         expect(scope.block).to eq(b)
       end
     end
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ class TestDecorator; end
       scope = admin.scopes.first
 
       expect(scope.name).to eq(:my_scope)
-      expect(scope.options).to eq(label: "Custom Label")
+      expect(scope.label).to eq("Custom Label")
       expect(scope.block).to eq(b)
     end
 
diff --git a/spec/trestle/scopes/block_spec.rb b/spec/trestle/scopes/block_spec.rb
index dd84231d..6037df27 100644
--- a/spec/trestle/scopes/block_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/trestle/scopes/block_spec.rb
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
   let(:options) { {} }
 
   subject(:block) do
-    Trestle::Scopes::Block.new(options) do
+    Trestle::Scopes::Block.new(**options) do
       scope :first
       scope :second, count: false
     end
@@ -16,21 +16,21 @@
       scope1, scope2 = block.scopes(admin)
 
       expect(scope1.name).to eq(:first)
-      expect(scope1.options).to eq({})
+      expect(scope1.count?).to be true
 
       expect(scope2.name).to eq(:second)
-      expect(scope2.options).to eq({ count: false })
+      expect(scope2.count?).to be false
     end
-  end
 
-  context "with options" do
-    let(:options) { { count: false } }
+    context "with options on the block" do
+      let(:options) { { count: false } }
 
-    it "applies the block options to each scope" do
-      scope1, scope2 = block.scopes(admin)
+      it "applies the block options as defaults to each scope" do
+        scope1, scope2 = block.scopes(admin)
 
-      expect(scope1.options).to eq({ count: false })
-      expect(scope2.options).to eq({ count: false })
+        expect(scope1.count?).to be false
+        expect(scope2.count?).to be false
+      end
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/trestle/scopes/scope_spec.rb b/spec/trestle/scopes/scope_spec.rb
index 88d8eb89..89b649d2 100644
--- a/spec/trestle/scopes/scope_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/trestle/scopes/scope_spec.rb
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
   let(:options) { {} }
   let(:block) { nil }
 
-  subject(:scope) { Trestle::Scopes::Scope.new(admin, :my_scope, options, &block) }
+  subject(:scope) { Trestle::Scopes::Scope.new(admin, :my_scope, **options, &block) }
 
   describe "#to_param" do
     it "returns the scope name" do
@@ -114,34 +114,30 @@
   end
 
   describe "#default?" do
-    context "with options[:default] = true" do
+    it "returns false if default option not specified" do
+      expect(scope.default?).to be false
+    end
+
+    context "with default: true" do
       let(:options) { { default: true } }
 
       it "returns true" do
         expect(scope.default?).to be true
       end
     end
-
-    context "without options[:default]" do
-      it "returns false" do
-        expect(scope.default?).to be false
-      end
-    end
   end
 
   describe "#count?" do
-    context "with options[:count] = false" do
+    it "returns true if count option not specified" do
+      expect(scope.count?).to be true
+    end
+
+    context "with count: false" do
       let(:options) { { count: false } }
 
       it "returns true" do
         expect(scope.count?).to be false
       end
     end
-
-    context "without options[:count]" do
-      it "returns true by default" do
-        expect(scope.count?).to be true
-      end
-    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/trestle/scopes_spec.rb b/spec/trestle/scopes_spec.rb
index 0e9a4806..df7dcc8c 100644
--- a/spec/trestle/scopes_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/trestle/scopes_spec.rb
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
   subject(:scopes) { Trestle::Scopes.new(definition, self) }
 
-  before(:each) { definition.options.merge!(options) }
+  before(:each) { definition.apply_options!(options) }
 
   describe "#classes" do
     it "includes scopes" do