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insub.html
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd">
<html><head><title>RuleML Taxonomies</title><style type="text/css">
h1 { font-size: 32pt; font-weight: bold }
h2 { font-size: 16pt; font-weight: bold }
ul { line-height: 120% }
ol { line-height: 120% }
p { line-height: 100% }
</style></head><body background="hintergrund.gif" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<center>
<big>
<table bgcolor="#CCCCFF" border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><td><b><pre>
--></pre></b></td></tr></table>
<table bgcolor="#FFCCCC" border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><td>R u l e M L</td></tr></table>
<table bgcolor="#CCCCFF" border="1" cellpadding="5"><tr><td><b><pre>
<--</pre></b></td></tr></table>
</big>
<br> <br>
<h1>Taxonomies in RuleML</h1>
<h2><a href="http://www.cs.unb.ca/~boley/">Harold Boley</a></h2>
<h2>2002-04-18: Version 0.2</h2>
</center>
<br> <br> <br>
<p>
This is a translator from RuleML's experimental taxonomy (sub)
extension to normal RuleML axioms (imp's).
</p>
<h2>Sections</h2><ul><li><a href="#Overview">Overview</a><li><a href="#Explanations">Explanations</a></ul><h2><a name="Overview">Overview</a></h2>
<p>
RuleML has its focus on the 'axioms' part of ontologies,
while the 'taxonomy' part of ontologies can be reduced to
special axioms, nameley rules that represent subsumption links.
In order to bridge the taxonomy amd axioms worlds, a set of
experimental RuleML tags is introduced here, which consist
of a sub(sumption) -- or sub(set) -- type tag along with a role tag
_shead for the superclass and a role tag _sbody for the subclass.
Additionaly, type tags sor for class disjunction and
sand for class conjunction are introduced.
</p>
<p>
For example, a typical taxonomic downward branch such as
<b><pre>
man
/ \
/ \
/ \
bachelor marriedman
</pre></b>
can be represented in the experimental taxonomy extension as follows
(expressing "bachelor or marriedman implies man"):
<b><pre>
<sub>
<_shead><rel>man</rel></_shead>
<_sbody>
<sor>
<rel>bachelor</rel>
<rel>marriedman</rel>
</sor>
</_sbody>
</sub></pre></b>
</p>
<p>
Conversely, a typical taxonomic upward branch such as
<b><pre>
person male
\ /
\ /
\ /
man
</pre></b>
can be represented in the experimental taxonomy extension as follows
(expressing "man implies person and male"):
<b><pre>
<sub>
<_shead>
<sand>
<rel>person</rel>
<rel>male</rel>
</sand>
</_shead>
<_sbody><rel>man</rel></_sbody>
</sub></pre></b>
</p>
<p>
Finally, assuming there was no named class for man (thus introducing an
anonymous node Anon1), a taxonomic two-way branch such as
<b><pre>
person male
\ /
\ /
\ /
Anon1
/ \
/ \
/ \
bachelor marriedman
</pre></b>
can be represented in the experimental taxonomy extension as follows
(not requiring a direct counterpart to the anonymous node Anon1
for expressing "bachelor or marriedman implies person and male"):
<b><pre>
<sub>
<_shead>
<sand>
<rel>person</rel>
<rel>male</rel>
</sand>
</_shead>
<_sbody>
<sor>
<rel>bachelor</rel>
<rel>marriedman</rel>
</sor>
</_sbody>
</sub></pre></b>
</p>
<p>
The reduction to normal RuleML (0.8) is straight-forward,
mapping sub to imp, _shead to _head, _sbody to _body,
sor to or, as well as sand to and. It also expands each rel
to an atom applying the rel to a newly created variable, x.
An XSLT stylesheet performs this translation.
</p>
<p>
For example, the three sub elements above,
when put into the file
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/sub/man-sub.ruleml">man-sub.ruleml</a>
(<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/sub/man-sub.ruleml.txt">man-sub.ruleml.txt</a>),
will be translated into the imp elements of the file
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/sub/man-imp.ruleml">man-imp.ruleml</a>
(<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/sub/man-imp.ruleml.txt">man-imp.ruleml.txt</a>).
</p>
<h2><a name="Explanations">Explanations</a></h2>
<p>
The XSLT stylesheet <a href="http://www.ruleml.org/sub/sub2imp.xsl">sub2imp.xsl</a> (<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/sub/sub2imp.xsl.txt">sub2imp.xsl.txt</a>) implements the translator from the 'taxonomic RuleML' to
normal RuleML.
</p>
<p>
Consider the taxonomic RuleML example
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/sub/heating-taxonomy-sub.ruleml">heating-taxonomy-sub.ruleml</a> (<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/sub/heating-taxonomy-sub.ruleml.txt">heating-taxonomy-sub.ruleml.txt</a>).
Running this through Cocoon leads to
<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/sub/heating-taxonomy-imp.ruleml">heating-taxonomy-imp.ruleml</a> (<a href="http://www.ruleml.org/sub/heating-taxonomy-imp.ruleml.txt">heating-taxonomy-imp.ruleml.txt</a>).
</p>
<p>
Another (partial) translator maps 'taxonomic RuleML' directly to RDF Schema,
as explained in the <a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/~boley/heating-design">heating-design</a> page.
</p>
<br>
<p>
Site Contact:
<a href="http://www.cs.unb.ca/~boley/">Harold Boley</a>.
Page Version: 2002-04-18
<br><br><br>
<a name="Practice-Preach"></a><small>"Practice what you preach": XML source of this homepage at <a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/~boley/xslt/insub.xml">insub.xml</a> (<a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/~boley/xslt/insub.xml.txt">insub.xml.txt</a>);
<br>
transformed to HTML via the adaptation of <a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/~sintek/">Michael Sintek</a>'s SliML <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt">XSLT</a> stylesheet at <a href="http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/~boley/xslt/homepage.xsl">homepage.xsl</a> (View | Page Source)
</small>
</p>
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</body></html>
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