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bios.cpp
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bios.cpp
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/*
Created by Fabrizio Di Vittorio ([email protected]) - <http://www.fabgl.com>
Copyright (c) 2019-2022 Fabrizio Di Vittorio.
All rights reserved.
* Please contact [email protected] if you need a commercial license.
* This library and related software is available under GPL v3.
FabGL is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
FabGL is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with FabGL. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include "bios.h"
#include "machine.h"
#include "emudevs/i8086.h"
using fabgl::i8086;
// To compile BIOS execute "cbios.sh"
static const uint8_t biosrom[] = {
#include "biosrom.h"
};
BIOS::BIOS()
: m_memory(nullptr)
{
}
void BIOS::init(Machine * machine)
{
m_machine = machine;
m_memory = m_machine->memory();
m_i8042 = m_machine->getI8042();
m_keyboard = m_i8042->keyboard();
m_mouse = m_i8042->mouse();
m_MC146818 = m_machine->getMC146818();
// copy bios
memcpy(m_memory + BIOS_ADDR, biosrom, sizeof(biosrom));
// setup bootstrap code (starting from 0xFFFF0)
// for example: "JMP FC00:0100"
m_memory[0xffff0] = 0xea;
m_memory[0xffff1] = BIOS_OFF & 0xff;
m_memory[0xffff2] = BIOS_OFF >> 8;
m_memory[0xffff3] = BIOS_SEG & 0xff;
m_memory[0xffff4] = BIOS_SEG >> 8;
}
void BIOS::reset()
{
m_kbdScancodeComp = 0;
m_memory[BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_NUMHD] = (bool)(m_machine->disk(2)) + (bool)(m_machine->disk(3));
}
// drive:
// 0 = floppy 0 (get address from INT 1E)
// 1 = floppy 1 (get address from INT 1E)
// 2 = HD 0 (get address from INT 41)
// 3 = HD 1 (get address from INT 46)
uint32_t BIOS::getDriveMediaTableAddr(int drive)
{
int intNum = drive < 2 ? 0x1e : (drive == 2 ? 0x41 : 0x46);
uint16_t * intAddr = (uint16_t*)(m_memory + intNum * 4);
return intAddr[0] + intAddr[1] * 16;
}
bool BIOS::checkDriveMediaType(int drive)
{
if (drive < 2) {
// FDD
if (m_mediaType[drive] == mediaUnknown) {
MediaType mt = mediaUnknown;
int h = m_machine->diskHeads(drive);
int t = m_machine->diskCylinders(drive);
int s = m_machine->diskSectors(drive);
if (h == 1 && t == 40 && s == 8)
mt = floppy160KB;
else if (h == 1 && t == 40 && s == 9)
mt = floppy180KB;
else if (h == 2 && t == 40 && s == 8)
mt = floppy320KB;
else if (h == 2 && t == 40 && s == 9)
mt = floppy360KB;
else if (h == 2 && t == 80 && s == 9)
mt = floppy720KB;
else if (h == 2 && t == 80 && s == 15)
mt = floppy1M2K;
else if (h == 2 && t == 80 && s == 18)
mt = floppy1M44K;
else if (h == 2 && t == 80 && s == 36)
mt = floppy2M88K;
setDriveMediaType(drive, mt);
}
} else {
// HDD
if (m_machine->disk(drive))
setDriveMediaType(drive, HDD);
}
return m_mediaType[drive] != mediaUnknown;
}
void BIOS::setDriveMediaType(int drive, MediaType media)
{
m_mediaType[drive] = media;
if (drive < 2) {
// FDD
// updates BIOS data area
uint8_t knownMedia = 0x10; // default set bit 4 (known media)
uint8_t doubleStepping = 0x00; // reset bit 5 (double stepping)
uint8_t dataRate = 0x00;
uint8_t defs = 0x00;
switch (media) {
case floppy160KB:
case floppy180KB:
case floppy320KB:
case floppy360KB:
doubleStepping = 0x20; // set bit 5 (double stepping)
dataRate = 0b01000000; // 300 KBS
defs = 0b00000100; // Known 360K media in 1.2MB drive
break;
case floppy720KB:
dataRate = 0b10000000; // 250 KBS
defs = 0b00000111; // 720K media in 720K drive or 1.44MB media in 1.44MB drive
break;
case floppy1M2K:
dataRate = 0b00000000; // 500 KBS
defs = 0b00000101; // Known 1.2MB media in 1.2MB drive
break;
case floppy1M44K:
dataRate = 0b00000000; // 500 KBS
defs = 0b00000111; // 720K media in 720K drive or 1.44MB media in 1.44MB drive
break;
case floppy2M88K:
dataRate = 0b11000000; // 1 MBS
defs = 0b00000111; // right?
break;
case mediaUnknown:
default:
knownMedia = 0x00; // reset bit 4 (known media)
break;
}
if (m_memory && drive < 2) {
// BIOS data area
m_memory[BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_DRIVE0MEDIATYPE + drive] = knownMedia | doubleStepping | dataRate | defs;
//printf("%05X = %02X\n", BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_DRIVE0MEDIATYPE + drive, m_memory[BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_DRIVE0MEDIATYPE + drive]);
// INT 1E
uint32_t maddr = getDriveMediaTableAddr(drive);
m_memory[maddr + 0x04] = m_machine->diskSectors(drive);
// original INT 1E (returned in ES:DI, int 13h, serv 08h)
m_memory[m_origInt1EAddr + 0x04] = m_machine->diskSectors(drive);
m_memory[m_origInt1EAddr + 0x0b] = m_machine->diskCylinders(drive) - 1;
}
} else if (media == HDD) {
// HDD
// fill tables pointed by INT 41h or 46h
uint32_t mtableAddr = getDriveMediaTableAddr(drive);
*(uint16_t*)(m_memory + mtableAddr + 0x00) = m_machine->diskCylinders(drive);
*(uint8_t*)(m_memory + mtableAddr + 0x02) = m_machine->diskHeads(drive);
*(uint8_t*)(m_memory + mtableAddr + 0x0e) = m_machine->diskSectors(drive);
}
}
// AH = select the helper function
void BIOS::helpersEntry()
{
switch (i8086::AH()) {
// AH = 0x00, perform some INT 9 tasks (keyboard interrupt handler)
case 0x00:
getKeyFromKeyboard();
break;
// AH = 0x01, get or extract key from keyboard buffer
case 0x01:
getKeyFromBuffer();
break;
// AH = 0x02, get shift flags or extended shift flags
case 0x02:
getKeyboardFlags();
break;
// AH = 0x03, set keyboard typematic rate and delay
case 0x03:
setKeyboardTypematicAndDelay();
break;
// AH = 0x05, store keyboard key data
case 0x05:
storeKeyboardKeyData();
break;
// AH = 0x06, pointing device interface
case 0x06:
pointingDeviceInterface();
break;
// AH = 0x07, synchronize system ticks with RTC
case 0x07:
syncTicksWithRTC();
break;
// AH = 0x08, set media drive parameters tables address
// ES:BX = int 1Eh address (in bios.asm) for floppy drivers
case 0x08:
m_origInt1EAddr = i8086::ES() * 16 + i8086::BX();
// set initial media
for (int i = 0; i < DISKCOUNT; ++i)
setDriveMediaType(i, mediaUnknown);
break;
default:
break;
};
}
// convert keypad scancode to number, or -1 if not applicable
int convKeypadScancodeToNum(uint8_t scancode)
{
// LUT to convert scancode 0x47 to 0x52
static const int8_t CONV[12] = { 7, 8, 9, -1, 4, 5, 6, -1, 1, 2, 3, 0 };
return scancode >= 0x47 && scancode <= 0x52 ? CONV[scancode - 0x47] : -1;
}
// - update keyboard shift flags
// - adapt fabgl scancode to PC scancodes
// ret: true if the key need to be inserted into the keyboard buffer
bool BIOS::processScancode(int scancode, uint16_t * syscode)
{
struct ScanCode2SysCode {
uint8_t scancode;
uint16_t syscode[4]; // 0 = normal, 1 = shifted, 2 = control, 3 = alt
};
static const ScanCode2SysCode SCODE2SYSCODE[] = {
{ 0x29, 0x2960, 0x297e, 0xffff, 0x2900 }, { 0x02, 0x0231, 0x0221, 0xffff, 0x7800 }, { 0x03, 0x0332, 0x0340, 0x0300, 0x7900 },
{ 0x04, 0x0433, 0x0423, 0xffff, 0x7a00 }, { 0x05, 0x0534, 0x0524, 0xffff, 0x7b00 }, { 0x06, 0x0635, 0x0625, 0xffff, 0x7c00 },
{ 0x07, 0x0736, 0x075e, 0x071e, 0x7d00 }, { 0x08, 0x0837, 0x0826, 0xffff, 0x7e00 }, { 0x09, 0x0938, 0x092a, 0xffff, 0x7f00 },
{ 0x0a, 0x0a39, 0x0a28, 0xffff, 0x8000 }, { 0x0b, 0x0b30, 0x0b29, 0xffff, 0x8100 }, { 0x0c, 0x0c2d, 0x0c5f, 0x0c1f, 0x8200 },
{ 0x0d, 0x0d3d, 0x0d2b, 0xffff, 0x8300 }, { 0x0e, 0x0e08, 0x0e08, 0x0e7f, 0x0e00 }, { 0x0f, 0x0f09, 0x0f00, 0x9400, 0xa500 },
{ 0x10, 0x1071, 0x1051, 0x1011, 0x1000 }, { 0x11, 0x1177, 0x1157, 0x1117, 0x1100 }, { 0x12, 0x1265, 0x1245, 0x1205, 0x1200 },
{ 0x13, 0x1372, 0x1352, 0x1312, 0x1300 }, { 0x14, 0x1474, 0x1454, 0x1414, 0x1400 }, { 0x15, 0x1579, 0x1559, 0x1519, 0x1500 },
{ 0x16, 0x1675, 0x1655, 0x1615, 0x1600 }, { 0x17, 0x1769, 0x1749, 0x1709, 0x1700 }, { 0x18, 0x186f, 0x184f, 0x180f, 0x1800 },
{ 0x19, 0x1970, 0x1950, 0x1910, 0x1900 }, { 0x1a, 0x1a5b, 0x1a7b, 0x1a1b, 0x1a00 }, { 0x1b, 0x1b5d, 0x1b7d, 0x1b1d, 0x1b00 },
{ 0x2b, 0x2b5c, 0x2b7c, 0x2b1c, 0x2b00 }, { 0x1e, 0x1e61, 0x1e41, 0x1e01, 0x1e00 }, { 0x1f, 0x1f73, 0x1f53, 0x1f13, 0x1f00 },
{ 0x20, 0x2064, 0x2044, 0x2004, 0x2000 }, { 0x21, 0x2166, 0x2146, 0x2106, 0x2100 }, { 0x22, 0x2267, 0x2247, 0x2207, 0x2200 },
{ 0x23, 0x2368, 0x2348, 0x2308, 0x2300 }, { 0x24, 0x246a, 0x244a, 0x240a, 0x2400 }, { 0x25, 0x256b, 0x254b, 0x250b, 0x2500 },
{ 0x26, 0x266c, 0x264c, 0x260c, 0x2600 }, { 0x27, 0x273b, 0x273a, 0xffff, 0x2700 }, { 0x28, 0x2827, 0x2822, 0xffff, 0x2800 },
{ 0x2b, 0x2b5c, 0x2b7c, 0x2b1c, 0xffff }, { 0x1c, 0x1c0d, 0x1c0d, 0x1c0a, 0x1c00 }, { 0x56, 0x565c, 0x567c, 0xffff, 0xffff },
{ 0x2c, 0x2c7a, 0x2c5a, 0x2c1a, 0x2c00 }, { 0x2d, 0x2d78, 0x2d58, 0x2d18, 0x2d00 }, { 0x2e, 0x2e63, 0x2e43, 0x2e03, 0x2e00 },
{ 0x2f, 0x2f76, 0x2f56, 0x2f16, 0x2f00 }, { 0x30, 0x3062, 0x3042, 0x3002, 0x3000 }, { 0x31, 0x316e, 0x314e, 0x310e, 0x3100 },
{ 0x32, 0x326d, 0x324d, 0x320d, 0x3200 }, { 0x33, 0x332c, 0x333c, 0xffff, 0x3300 }, { 0x34, 0x342e, 0x343e, 0xffff, 0x3400 },
{ 0x35, 0x352f, 0x353f, 0xffff, 0x3500 }, { 0x39, 0x3920, 0x3920, 0x3920, 0x3920 }, { 0x47, 0x4700, 0x4737, 0x7700, 0xffff },
{ 0x4b, 0x4b00, 0x4b34, 0x7300, 0xffff }, { 0x4f, 0x4f00, 0x4f31, 0x7500, 0xffff }, { 0x48, 0x4800, 0x4838, 0x8d00, 0xffff },
{ 0x4c, 0x4c00, 0x4c35, 0x8f00, 0xffff }, { 0x50, 0x5000, 0x5032, 0x9100, 0xffff }, { 0x52, 0x5200, 0x5230, 0x9200, 0xffff },
{ 0x37, 0x372a, 0x372a, 0x9600, 0x3700 }, { 0x49, 0x4900, 0x4939, 0x8400, 0xffff }, { 0x4d, 0x4d00, 0x4d36, 0x7400, 0xffff },
{ 0x51, 0x5100, 0x5133, 0x7600, 0xffff }, { 0x53, 0x5300, 0x532e, 0x9300, 0xffff }, { 0x4a, 0x4a2d, 0x4a2d, 0x8e00, 0x4a00 },
{ 0x4e, 0x4e2b, 0x4e2b, 0x9000, 0x4e00 }, { 0x01, 0x011b, 0x011b, 0x011b, 0x0100 }, { 0x3b, 0x3b00, 0x5400, 0x5e00, 0x6800 },
{ 0x3c, 0x3c00, 0x5500, 0x5f00, 0x6900 }, { 0x3d, 0x3d00, 0x5600, 0x6000, 0x6a00 }, { 0x3e, 0x3e00, 0x5700, 0x6100, 0x6b00 },
{ 0x3f, 0x3f00, 0x5800, 0x6200, 0x6c00 }, { 0x40, 0x4000, 0x5900, 0x6300, 0x6d00 }, { 0x41, 0x4100, 0x5a00, 0x6400, 0x6e00 },
{ 0x42, 0x4200, 0x5b00, 0x6500, 0x6f00 }, { 0x43, 0x4300, 0x5c00, 0x6600, 0x7000 }, { 0x44, 0x4400, 0x5d00, 0x6700, 0x7100 },
{ 0x57, 0x8500, 0x8700, 0x8900, 0x8b00 }, { 0x58, 0x8600, 0x8800, 0x8a00, 0x8c00 },
{ 0x00, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xffff } // ending code
};
static const ScanCode2SysCode ESCODE2SYSCODE[] = {
{ 0x52, 0x52e0, 0x52e0, 0x92e0, 0xa200 }, { 0x53, 0x53e0, 0x53e0, 0x93e0, 0xa300 }, { 0x4b, 0x4be0, 0x4be0, 0x73e0, 0x9b00 },
{ 0x47, 0x47e0, 0x47e0, 0x77e0, 0x9700 }, { 0x4f, 0x4fe0, 0x4fe0, 0x75e0, 0x9f00 }, { 0x48, 0x48e0, 0x48e0, 0x8de0, 0x9800 },
{ 0x50, 0x50e0, 0x50e0, 0x91e0, 0xa000 }, { 0x49, 0x49e0, 0x49e0, 0x84e0, 0x9900 }, { 0x51, 0x51e0, 0x51e0, 0x76e0, 0xa100 },
{ 0x4d, 0x4de0, 0x4de0, 0x74e0, 0x9d00 }, { 0x35, 0xe02f, 0xe02f, 0x9500, 0xa400 }, { 0x1c, 0xe00d, 0xe00d, 0xe00a, 0xa600 },
{ 0x37, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0x7200, 0xffff }, // CTRL + PRINTSCREEN
{ 0x46, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0x0000, 0xffff }, // CTRL + PAUSE (BREAK)
{ 0x00, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xffff, 0xffff } // ending code
};
//printf(" %02X\n", scancode);
*syscode = 0xffff;
// 3 = RALT, 2 = RCTRL, 1 = E0, 0 = E1
uint8_t * mode = m_memory + BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_KBDMODE;
// save and reset e0 and e1 flags
bool e0 = *mode & 0x02;
bool e1 = *mode & 0x01;
*mode &= 0xfc;
// e0?
if (scancode == 0xe0) {
*mode |= 0x02;
return false;
}
// e1?
if (scancode == 0xe1) {
*mode |= 0x01;
return false;
}
bool down = !(scancode & 0x80); // down if bit 7 = 0
scancode &= 0x7f;
//printf(" e0 = %d, down = %d\n", e0, down);
// 7 = INS ON, 6 = CAPS ON, 5 = NUMLCK ON, 4 = SCRLCK ON, 3 = ALT, 2 = CTRL, 1 = LSHIFT, 0 = RSHIFT
uint8_t * flags1 = m_memory + BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_KBDSHIFTFLAGS1;
// 7 = INS, 6 = CAPS, 5 = NUMLCK, 4 = SCRLCK, 3 = CTRL+NUMLCK ON (PAUSE), 2 = SYSREQ, 1 = LALT, 0 = LCTRL
uint8_t * flags2 = m_memory + BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_KBDSHIFTFLAGS2;
// 2 = CAPS LED, 1 = NUMLCK LED, 0 = SCRLCK LED
uint8_t * LEDs = m_memory + BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_KBDLEDS;
uint8_t * altKeypadEntry = m_memory + BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_KBDALTKEYPADENTRY;
if (e0) {
// extended code (0xe0 ...)
switch (scancode) {
// RCTRL
case 0x1d:
*flags1 = (*flags1 & ~0x04) | (0x04 * down); // bit 2 on flags1 (1 = down)
*mode = (*mode & ~0x04) | (0x04 * down); // bit 2 on mode (1 = down)
break;
// RALT
case 0x38:
*flags1 = (*flags1 & ~0x08) | (0x08 * down); // bit 3 on flags1 (1 = down)
*mode = (*mode & ~0x08) | (0x08 * down); // bit 3 on mode (1 = down)
break;
// INSERT
case 0x52:
*flags1 ^= 0x80 * !down; // bit 7 on flags1 (toggle when up)
*flags2 = (*flags2 & ~0x80) | (0x80 * down); // bit 7 on flags2 (1 = down)
break;
// PRINTSCREEN or SYSREQ
case 0x37:
// not shifts, PRINTSCREEN
if (down && (*flags1 & 0x0f) == 0)
m_memory[BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_PRINTSCREENFLAG] = 1;
// ALT + PRINTSCREEN = SYSREQ
else if (*flags1 & 0x08)
*flags2 |= 0x04;
break;
// CTRL + BREAK (CTRL + PAUSE)
case 0x46:
emptyKbdBuffer();
m_memory[BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_CTRLBREAKFLAG] = 0x80;
break;
// bypass (e0 2a / e0 aa)
case 0x2a:
return false;
}
} else if (e1 || m_kbdScancodeComp > 0) {
// extended code (0xe1 ...)
if ((m_kbdScancodeComp == 0 && scancode == 0x1d) || (m_kbdScancodeComp == 1 && scancode == 0x45) || (m_kbdScancodeComp == 2 && scancode == 0x1d)) {
++m_kbdScancodeComp;
return false;
} else if (m_kbdScancodeComp == 3 && scancode == 0x45) {
// PAUSE key completed (e1 1d 45 e1 9d c5)
*flags2 |= 0x08; // bit 3 on flags2 (always set)
m_kbdScancodeComp = 0;
return false;
}
m_kbdScancodeComp = 0;
} else {
// normal code
m_kbdScancodeComp = 0;
switch (scancode) {
// LALT
case 0x38:
*flags1 = (*flags1 & ~0x08) | (0x08 * down); // bit 3 on flags1 (1 = down)
*flags2 = (*flags2 & ~0x02) | (0x02 * down); // bit 1 on flags2 (1 = down)
break;
// LSHIFT
case 0x2a:
*flags1 = (*flags1 & ~0x02) | (0x02 * down); // bit 1 on flags1 (1 = down)
break;
// RSHIFT
case 0x36:
*flags1 = (*flags1 & ~0x01) | (0x01 * down); // bit 0 on flags1 (1 = down)
break;
// LCTRL
case 0x1d:
*flags1 = (*flags1 & ~0x04) | (0x04 * down); // bit 2 on flags1 (1 = down)
*flags2 = (*flags2 & ~0x01) | (0x01 * down); // bit 0 on flags2 (1 = down)
break;
// SCROLLLOCK
case 0x46:
*flags1 ^= 0x10 * !down; // bit 4 on flags1 (toggle when up)
*flags2 = (*flags2 & ~0x10) | (0x10 * down); // bit 4 on flags2 (1 = down)
*LEDs ^= 0x01 * !down; // bit 0 on LEDs (toggle when up)
break;
// NUMLOCK
case 0x45:
*flags1 ^= 0x20 * !down; // bit 5 on flags1 (toggle when up)
*flags2 = (*flags2 & ~0x20) | (0x20 * down); // bit 5 on flags2 (1 = down)
*LEDs ^= 0x02 * !down; // bit 1 on LEDs (toggle when up)
break;
// CAPSLOCK
case 0x3a:
*flags1 ^= 0x40 * !down; // bit 6 on flags1 (toggle when up)
*flags2 = (*flags2 & ~0x40) | (0x40 * down); // bit 6 on flags2 (1 = down)
*LEDs ^= 0x04 * !down; // bit 2 on LEDs (toggle when up)
break;
// KEYPAD INS (KEYPAD 0)
case 0x52:
// NUMLOCK = off ?, interpret keypad0 as INSERT toggle
if ((*flags1 & 0x20) == 0)
*flags1 ^= 0x80 * !down; // bit 7 on flags1 (toggle when up)
break;
}
}
bool lalt = *flags1 & 0x08;
// manage LALT + KEYPAD NUM
if (lalt && scancode != 0x38 && !e0) {
// ALT was down, is this a keypad number?
int num = convKeypadScancodeToNum(scancode);
if (num >= 0) {
// yes this is a keypad num, if down update altKeypadEntry
if (down)
*altKeypadEntry = (*altKeypadEntry * 10 + num) & 0xff;
return false;
} else {
// no, back to normal case
*altKeypadEntry = 0;
}
} else if (*altKeypadEntry > 0 && scancode == 0x38 && !down) {
// ALT is up and altKeypadEntry contains a valid value, add it
*syscode = *altKeypadEntry; // high byte will be 0x00, low byte is the ascii value just typed
*altKeypadEntry = 0;
return true;
}
if (down) {
bool shift = *flags1 & 0x03;
bool capslock = *flags1 & 0x40;
bool numlock = *flags1 & 0x20;
bool ctrl = *flags1 & 0x04;
// CAPSLOCK enabled and letter
if (capslock && ((scancode >= 0x10 && scancode <= 0x19) || (scancode >= 0x1e && scancode <= 0x26) || (scancode >= 0x2c && scancode <= 0x32)))
shift = !shift;
// NUMLOCK and keypad
if (numlock && (scancode >= 0x47 && scancode <= 0x53))
shift = !shift;
// convert scancode to system code
for (auto CONV = (e0 ? ESCODE2SYSCODE : SCODE2SYSCODE); CONV->scancode; ++CONV)
if (CONV->scancode == scancode) {
*syscode = CONV->syscode[shift ? 1 : ctrl ? 2 : lalt ? 3 : 0];
return *syscode != 0xffff;
}
}
return false;
}
// ret false on buffer full
bool BIOS::storeKeyInKbdBuffer(uint16_t syscode)
{
// check space in BIOS keyboard buffer
auto head = (uint16_t*)(m_memory + BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_KBDBUFHEAD);
auto tail = (uint16_t*)(m_memory + BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_KBDBUFTAIL);
if (*head - 2 != *tail && (*head != BIOS_KBDBUF || *tail != BIOS_KBDBUF + 30)) {
// insert key into the keyboard buffer
*(uint16_t*)(m_memory + BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + *tail) = syscode;
*tail = (*tail == BIOS_KBDBUF + 30 ? BIOS_KBDBUF : *tail + 2);
return true; // success
}
// buffer full
//printf("kbd buffer full\n");
return false;
}
// perform some INT 9 tasks (keyboard interrupt handler)
// intput AL:
// scancode as read from port 0x60
// output AH:
// 0 : normal key
// 2 : CTRL + ALT + DEL
// 3 : PRINTSCREEN
// 4 : CTRL-BREAK (CTRL + PAUSE)
// 5 : SYSREQ (ALT + PRINTSCREEN), down (AL = 0), up (AL = 1)
void BIOS::getKeyFromKeyboard()
{
uint8_t * flags1 = m_memory + BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_KBDSHIFTFLAGS1;
uint8_t * flags2 = m_memory + BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_KBDSHIFTFLAGS2;
// saves current pause state
bool onPause = *flags2 & 0x08;
// update keyboard decoding state
uint16_t syscode; // low byte = ASCII value, high byte = scancode
bool toAdd = processScancode(i8086::AL(), &syscode);
if (toAdd) {
if (onPause) {
// just disable pause state and discard key
*flags2 &= ~0x08;
} else {
// we need to add this key to the keyboard buffer
//printf("kbd store %04X\n", syscode);
if (!storeKeyInKbdBuffer(syscode)) {
// buffer full
//printf("kbd buffer full\n");
}
}
}
// check for special syskeys
if ((*flags1 & 0x04) && (*flags1 & 0x08) && (syscode == 0x53e0 || syscode == 0x93e0 || syscode == 0xa300)) {
i8086::setAH(2);
} else if (m_memory[BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_PRINTSCREENFLAG] == 1) {
i8086::setAH(3);
} else if (syscode == 0x0000) {
i8086::setAH(4);
} else if (*flags2 & 0x04) {
i8086::setAH(5);
i8086::setAL((bool)i8086::AL());
} else
i8086::setAH(0);
}
// get or extract key from keyboard buffer
// updates keyboard LEDs
// input AL:
// bit 0 : 0 = check only, 1 = extract
// bit 1 : 0 = do not filter, 1 = filter extended keys
// output:
// AX : ASCII (AL) and scancode (AH)
// ZF : 0 = key present, 1 = key not present
void BIOS::getKeyFromBuffer()
{
// this LUT transform extended keyboard syskeys to XT syscodes
struct Ext2XT {
uint16_t esyscode;
uint16_t xsyscode; // 0xffff = don't return
};
static const Ext2XT EXT2XT[] = {
{ 0x2900, 0xffff }, { 0x0e00, 0xffff }, { 0x9400, 0xffff }, { 0xa500, 0xffff }, { 0x1a00, 0xffff }, { 0x1b00, 0xffff }, { 0x2b00, 0xffff },
{ 0x2700, 0xffff }, { 0x2800, 0xffff }, { 0x1c00, 0xffff }, { 0x3300, 0xffff }, { 0x3400, 0xffff }, { 0x3500, 0xffff }, { 0x52e0, 0x5200 },
{ 0x92e0, 0xffff }, { 0xa200, 0xffff }, { 0x53e0, 0x5300 }, { 0x93e0, 0xffff }, { 0xa300, 0xffff }, { 0x4be0, 0x4b00 }, { 0x73e0, 0x7300 },
{ 0x9b00, 0xffff }, { 0x47e0, 0x4700 }, { 0x77e0, 0x7700 }, { 0x9700, 0xffff }, { 0x4fe0, 0x4f00 }, { 0x75e0, 0x7500 }, { 0x9f00, 0xffff },
{ 0x48e0, 0x4800 }, { 0x8de0, 0xffff }, { 0x9800, 0xffff }, { 0x50e0, 0x5000 }, { 0x91e0, 0xffff }, { 0xa000, 0xffff }, { 0x49e0, 0x4900 },
{ 0x84e0, 0x8400 }, { 0x9900, 0xffff }, { 0x51e0, 0x5100 }, { 0x76e0, 0x7600 }, { 0xa100, 0xffff }, { 0x4de0, 0x4d00 }, { 0x74e0, 0x7400 },
{ 0x9d00, 0xffff }, { 0xe02f, 0x352f }, { 0x9500, 0xffff }, { 0xa400, 0xffff }, { 0x8d00, 0xffff }, { 0x8f00, 0xffff }, { 0x9100, 0xffff },
{ 0x9200, 0xffff }, { 0x9600, 0xffff }, { 0x3700, 0xffff }, { 0x9300, 0xffff }, { 0x8e00, 0xffff }, { 0x4a00, 0xffff }, { 0x9000, 0xffff },
{ 0x4e00, 0xffff }, { 0xe00d, 0x1c0d }, { 0xe00a, 0x1c0a }, { 0xa600, 0xffff }, { 0x0100, 0xffff }, { 0x8500, 0xffff }, { 0x8700, 0xffff },
{ 0x8900, 0xffff }, { 0x8b00, 0xffff }, { 0x8600, 0xffff }, { 0x8800, 0xffff }, { 0x8a00, 0xffff }, { 0x8c00, 0xffff },
};
// return value is not valid (ZF = 1)
i8086::setFlagZF(1);
auto head = (uint16_t*)(m_memory + BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_KBDBUFHEAD);
auto tail = (uint16_t*)(m_memory + BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_KBDBUFTAIL);
if (*head != *tail) {
// get key from buffer head
uint16_t k = * (uint16_t*) (m_memory + BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + *head);
bool filtered = false;
// filter extended keys?
if (i8086::AL() & 0x02) {
for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(EXT2XT) / sizeof(Ext2XT); ++i) {
if (EXT2XT[i].esyscode == k) {
if (EXT2XT[i].xsyscode == 0xffff)
filtered = true; // don't return
else
k = EXT2XT[i].xsyscode; // replace
break;
}
}
}
// remove from buffer?
if (filtered || (i8086::AL() & 0x01))
*head = (*head == BIOS_KBDBUF + 30 ? BIOS_KBDBUF : *head + 2);
if (!filtered) {
// return value is valid (ZF = 0)
i8086::setFlagZF(0);
i8086::setAX(k);
}
}
// update LEDs
bool numLockLED, capsLockLED, scrollLockLED;
m_keyboard->getLEDs(&numLockLED, &capsLockLED, &scrollLockLED);
uint8_t LEDs = m_memory[BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_KBDLEDS];
if (numLockLED != (bool)(LEDs & 0x02) || capsLockLED != (bool)(LEDs & 0x04) || scrollLockLED != (bool)(LEDs & 0x01))
m_keyboard->setLEDs((bool)(LEDs & 0x02), (bool)(LEDs & 0x04), (bool)(LEDs & 0x01));
}
void BIOS::emptyKbdBuffer()
{
auto head = (uint16_t*)(m_memory + BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_KBDBUFHEAD);
auto tail = (uint16_t*)(m_memory + BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_KBDBUFTAIL);
*tail = *head;
}
// get shift flags or extended shift flags
// input AL:
// bit 0 : 0 = normal flags in AL, 1 = normal flags in AL and extended flags in AH
// output AL or AX
void BIOS::getKeyboardFlags()
{
uint8_t * flags1 = m_memory + BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_KBDSHIFTFLAGS1;
uint8_t * flags2 = m_memory + BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_KBDSHIFTFLAGS2;
uint8_t * mode = m_memory + BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_KBDMODE;
if (i8086::AL() & 1)
i8086::setAH( (*flags2 & 0xf3) | (*mode & 0x0c) );
i8086::setAL(*flags1);
}
// inputs:
// AL : service (0x05 = set typematic rate and delay)
// BH : delay value (as expected by BIOS, 0 = 250ms, 1 = 500ms, etc...)
// BL : typematic rate (as expected by BIOS, 0 = 30, 1 = 26.7, etc...)
// notes:
// this method doesn't use 0x60 and 0x64 ports, but directly interfaces to the Keyboard object
void BIOS::setKeyboardTypematicAndDelay()
{
if (i8086::AL() == 0x05) {
// send command "set typematic rate and delay" (0xF3) to the keyboard and wait for ACK (0xFA)
if (!m_keyboard->sendCommand(0xF3, 0xFA))
return;
// send parameters
m_keyboard->sendCommand(i8086::BL() | (i8086::BH() << 5), 0xFA);
}
}
// inputs:
// CL : ASCII character
// CH : scan code
// outputs:
// AL : 0 = no error, 1 = keyboard buffer full
// CF : 0 = no error, 1 = keyboard buffer full
void BIOS::storeKeyboardKeyData()
{
bool r = storeKeyInKbdBuffer(i8086::CX());
i8086::setAL(!r);
i8086::setFlagCF(!r);
}
// Implements all services of "INT 15 Function C2h"
// inputs:
// AL : subfunction
// .. : depends by the subfunction
// outputs:
// AH : 0 = success, >0 = error (see "INT 15h Function C2h - Pointing Device Interface")
// CF : 0 = successful, 1 = unsuccessful
// .. : depends by the subfunction
void BIOS::pointingDeviceInterface()
{
if (m_mouse->isMouseAvailable()) {
i8086::setAH(0x00);
i8086::setFlagCF(0);
switch (i8086::AL()) {
// Enable/disable pointing device
// inputs:
// AL : 0x00
// BH : 0 = disable, 1 = enable
case 0x00:
m_i8042->enableMouse(i8086::BH());
break;
// Reset pointing device
// inputs:
// AL : 0x01
// outputs:
// BH : Device ID
case 0x01:
m_i8042->enableMouse(false); // mouse disabled
m_mouse->setSampleRate(100); // 100 reports/second
m_mouse->setResolution(2); // 4 counts/millimeter
m_mouse->setScaling(1); // 1:1 scaling
i8086::setBH(m_mouse->deviceID() & 0xff);
break;
// Set sample rate
// inputs:
// AL : 0x02
// BH : Sample rate
case 0x02:
m_mouse->setSampleRate(i8086::BH());
break;
// Set resolution
// inputs:
// AL : 0x03
// BH : Resolution value
case 0x03:
m_mouse->setResolution(i8086::BH());
break;
// Read device type
// inputs:
// AL : 0x04
case 0x04:
i8086::setBH(m_mouse->deviceID() & 0xff);
break;
// Initialize pointing device interface
// inputs:
// AL : 0x05
// BH : Data package size (1-8, in bytes)
// note: this value is acqually ignored because we get actual packet size from Mouse object
case 0x05:
{
m_i8042->enableMouse(false); // mouse disabled
m_mouse->setSampleRate(100); // 100 reports/second
m_mouse->setResolution(2); // 4 counts/millimeter
m_mouse->setScaling(1); // 1:1 scaling
uint8_t * EBDA = m_memory + EBDA_ADDR;
EBDA[EBDA_DRIVER_OFFSET] = 0x0000;
EBDA[EBDA_DRIVER_SEG] = 0x0000;
EBDA[EBDA_FLAGS1] = 0x00;
EBDA[EBDA_FLAGS2] = m_mouse->getPacketSize(); // instead of i8086::BH()!!
break;
}
// Set scaling or get status
// inputs:
// AL : 0x06
// BH : subfunction
case 0x06:
switch (i8086::BH()) {
// Set scaling factor to 1:1
// inputs:
// BH : 0x01
case 0x01:
m_mouse->setScaling(1);
break;
// Set scaling factor to 2:1
// inputs:
// BH : 0x02
case 0x02:
m_mouse->setScaling(2);
break;
default:
// not implements
printf("Pointing device function 06:%02X not implemented\n", i8086::BH());
i8086::setAH(0x86);
i8086::setFlagCF(1);
break;
}
break;
// Set pointing device handler address
// inputs:
// AL = 0x07
// ES:BX : Pointer to application-program's device driver
case 0x07:
{
uint8_t * EBDA = m_memory + EBDA_ADDR;
*(uint16_t*)(EBDA + EBDA_DRIVER_OFFSET) = i8086::BX();
*(uint16_t*)(EBDA + EBDA_DRIVER_SEG) = i8086::ES();
EBDA[EBDA_FLAGS2] |= 0x80; // set handler installed flag
break;
}
default:
// not implements
printf("Pointing device function %02X not implemented\n", i8086::AL());
i8086::setAH(0x86);
i8086::setFlagCF(1);
break;
}
} else {
// mouse not available
i8086::setAH(0x03); // 0x03 = interface error
i8086::setFlagCF(1);
}
}
// convert packed BCD to decimal
static uint8_t BCDtoByte(uint8_t v)
{
return (v & 0x0F) + (v >> 4) * 10;
}
// synchronize system ticks with RTC
void BIOS::syncTicksWithRTC()
{
m_MC146818->updateTime();
int ss = BCDtoByte(m_MC146818->reg(0x00));
int mm = BCDtoByte(m_MC146818->reg(0x02));
int hh = BCDtoByte(m_MC146818->reg(0x04));
int totSecs = ss + mm * 60 + hh * 3600 + 1000;
int64_t pitTicks = (int64_t)totSecs * PIT_TICK_FREQ;
*(uint32_t*)(m_memory + BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_SYSTICKS) = (uint32_t) (pitTicks / 65536);
}
// INT 13 services
void BIOS::diskHandlerEntry()
{
if (i8086::DL() < 2)
diskHandler_floppy();
else
diskHandler_HD();
}
void BIOS::diskHandler_floppy()
{
int drive = i8086::DL();
int service = i8086::AH();
//printf("INT 13h, FDD (%d), service %02X\n", drive, service);
if (m_machine->disk(drive) == nullptr) {
// invalid drive
diskHandler_floppyExit(0x80, true);
return;
}
switch (service) {
// Reset Diskette System
case 0x00:
diskHandler_floppyExit(m_mediaType[drive] == mediaUnknown ? 0x06 : 0x00, true);
return;
// Read Diskette Status
case 0x01:
diskHandler_floppyExit(m_memory[BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_DISKLASTSTATUS], false);
m_memory[BIOS_DATAAREA_ADDR + BIOS_DISKLASTSTATUS] = 0; // this function resets BIOS_DISKLASTSTATUS
return;
// Read Diskette Sectors
case 0x02:
// Write Diskette Sectors
case 0x03:
// Verify Diskette Sectors
case 0x04:
{
if (!checkDriveMediaType(drive)) {
diskHandler_floppyExit(6, true);
return;
}
uint32_t pos, dest, count;
if (!diskHandler_calcAbsAddr(drive, &pos, &dest, &count)) {
diskHandler_floppyExit(4, true); // sector not found
return;
}
fseek(m_machine->disk(drive), pos, 0);
size_t sects = i8086::AL();
if (service != 0x04) {
sects = service == 0x02 ?
fread(m_memory + dest, 1, count, m_machine->disk(drive)) :
fwrite(m_memory + dest, 1, count, m_machine->disk(drive));
sects /= 512;
}
i8086::setAL(sects);
diskHandler_floppyExit(sects == 0 ? 4 : 0, true);
return;
}
// Format Diskette Track
case 0x05:
{
int sectsCountToFormat = i8086::AL();
int track = i8086::CH();
int head = i8086::DH();
uint32_t tableAddr = i8086::ES() * 16 + i8086::BX();
int SPT = m_machine->diskSectors(drive);
int tracksCount = m_machine->diskCylinders(drive);
uint8_t fillByte = m_memory[getDriveMediaTableAddr(drive) + 8];
uint8_t * buf = (uint8_t*) malloc(512);
memset(buf, fillByte, 512);
for (int i = 0; i < sectsCountToFormat; ++i) {
int ttrack = m_memory[tableAddr++];
int thead = m_memory[tableAddr++];
int tsect = m_memory[tableAddr++];
int tsectSz = 128 << m_memory[tableAddr++];
if (ttrack != track || thead > 1 || tsect > SPT || tsectSz != 512 || track >= tracksCount) {
// error
free(buf);
diskHandler_floppyExit(0x04, true);
return;
}
fseek(m_machine->disk(drive), 512 * ((track * 2 + head) * SPT + (tsect - 1)), 0);
fwrite(buf, 1, 512, m_machine->disk(drive));
//printf(" track=%d head=%d sect=%d pos=%d fill=%02X\n", track, head, tsect, 512 * ((track * 2 + head) * SPT + (tsect - 1)), fillByte);
}
free(buf);
diskHandler_floppyExit(0x00, true);
return;
}
// Read Drive Parameters
case 0x08:
i8086::setAX(0x0000);
i8086::setBH(0x00);
if (!checkDriveMediaType(drive)) {
i8086::setCX(0x0000);
i8086::setDX(0x0000);
i8086::setES(0x0000);
i8086::setDI(0x0000);
diskHandler_floppyExit(6, true);
return;
}
switch (m_mediaType[drive]) {
case floppy160KB:
case floppy180KB:
case floppy320KB:
// @TODO: check this
i8086::setBL(0x01);
break;
case floppy360KB:
i8086::setBL(0x01);
break;
case floppy720KB:
i8086::setBL(0x03);
break;
case floppy1M2K:
i8086::setBL(0x02);
break;
case floppy1M44K:
i8086::setBL(0x04);
break;
case floppy2M88K:
i8086::setBL(0x05);
break;
case mediaUnknown:
default:
// not possible here
break;
}
i8086::setCH(m_machine->diskCylinders(drive) - 1); // max usable track number
i8086::setCL(m_machine->diskSectors(drive)); // max usable sector number
i8086::setDH(m_machine->diskHeads(drive) - 1); // max usable head number
i8086::setDL((bool)(m_machine->disk(0)) + (bool)(m_machine->disk(1))); // number of diskette installed
// Pointer to Diskette Parameters table for the maximum media type supported on the specified drive
i8086::setES(BIOS_SEG);
i8086::setDI(m_origInt1EAddr - BIOS_SEG * 16);
diskHandler_floppyExit(0, true);
//printf(" INT 13h, FDD, 08h: BL=%d, CH=%d, CL=%d, DL=%d\n", i8086::BL(), i8086::CH(), i8086::CL(), i8086::DL());
return;
// Read Drive Type
case 0x15:
diskHandler_floppyExit(0, true);
i8086::setAH(m_machine->disk(drive) ? 0x02 : 0x00);