TitleCaseConversion.js

/*
    Problem statement and Explanation : https://www.codeproject.com/Tips/162540/Letter-Case-Conversion-Algorithms-Title-Case-Toggl.
    [Title case](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Title_case) is a style where all words are capitalized. Officially, title case
    does not capitalize some words, such as very short words like "a" or "is", but for the purposes of this function, a general approach
    is taken where all words are capitalized regardless of length.
*/

/**
 * The titleCaseConversion function converts a string into a title case string.
 * @param {string} inputString The input string which can have any types of letter casing.
 * @returns {string} A string that is in title case.
 */
const titleCaseConversion = (inputString) => {
  if (inputString === '') return ''
  // Extract all space separated string.
  const stringCollections = inputString.split(' ').map(word => {
    let firstChar = ''
    // Get the [ASCII](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII) character code by the use charCodeAt method.
    const firstCharCode = word[0].charCodeAt()
    // If the ASCII character code lies between 97 to 122 it means they are in the lowercase so convert it.
    if (firstCharCode >= 97 && firstCharCode <= 122) {
      // Convert the case by use of the above explanation.
      firstChar += String.fromCharCode(firstCharCode - 32)
    } else {
      // Else store the characters without any modification.
      firstChar += word[0]
    }
    const newWordChar = word.slice(1).split('').map(char => {
      // Get the ASCII character code by the use charCodeAt method.
      const presentCharCode = char.charCodeAt()
      // If the ASCII character code lies between 65 to 90, it means they are in the uppercase so convert it.
      if (presentCharCode >= 65 && presentCharCode <= 90) {
        // Convert the case by use of the above explanation.
        return String.fromCharCode(presentCharCode + 32)
      }
      // Else return the characters without any modification.
      return char
    })
    // Return the first converted character and remaining character string.
    return firstChar + newWordChar.join('')
  })
  // Convert all words in a string and return it.
  return stringCollections.join(' ')
}

export { titleCaseConversion }