-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
/
o1.json
662 lines (662 loc) · 734 KB
/
o1.json
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 0], [1, "Analysis", "analysis", "NN", 1, 1], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2], [2, "Spatial", "spatial", "NNP", 1, 3], [3, "Association", "association", "NNP", 1, 4], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 5], [4, "Use", "use", "NNP", 1, 6], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7], [5, "Distance", "distance", "NNP", 1, 8], [6, "Statistics", "statistics", "NNPS", 1, 9], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c79628404ee35f2dce12f0fa7210bba339c98836"}
{"graf": [[7, "Introduced", "introduce", "VBN", 1, 11], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 13], [8, "paper", "paper", "NN", 1, 14], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 15], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 16], [10, "family", "family", "NN", 1, 17], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 18], [11, "statistics", "statistic", "NNS", 1, 19], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 20], [12, "G", "g", "NNP", 1, 21], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 22], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 23], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 24], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 25], [4, "used", "use", "VBN", 1, 26], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 27], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 28], [13, "measure", "measure", "NN", 1, 29], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 30], [2, "spatial", "spatial", "JJ", 1, 31], [3, "association", "association", "NN", 1, 32], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 33], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 34], [14, "number", "number", "NN", 1, 35], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 36], [15, "circumstances", "circumstance", "NNS", 1, 37], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 38]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f9023a4241902ea2cc2f6ec1c11c0fca91519b54"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 39], [16, "basic", "basic", "JJ", 1, 40], [11, "statistic", "statistic", "NN", 1, 41], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 42], [17, "derived", "derive", "VBN", 1, 43], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 44], [0, "its", "its", "PRP$", 0, 45], [18, "properties", "property", "NNS", 1, 46], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 47], [19, "identified", "identify", "VBN", 1, 48], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 49], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 50], [0, "its", "its", "PRP$", 0, 51], [20, "advantages", "advantage", "NNS", 1, 52], [21, "explained", "explain", "VBD", 1, 53], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 54]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c889c542131287027334fa9acab0161f3efa2ab5"}
{"graf": [[22, "Several", "several", "JJ", 1, 55], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 56], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 57], [12, "G", "g", "NNP", 1, 58], [11, "statistics", "statistic", "NNS", 1, 59], [23, "make", "make", "VBP", 1, 60], [0, "it", "it", "PRP", 0, 61], [24, "possible", "possible", "JJ", 1, 62], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 63], [25, "evaluate", "evaluate", "VB", 1, 64], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 65], [2, "spatial", "spatial", "JJ", 1, 66], [3, "association", "association", "NN", 1, 67], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 68], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 69], [26, "variable", "variable", "NN", 1, 70], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 71], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 72], [27, "specified", "specified", "JJ", 1, 73], [5, "distance", "distance", "NN", 1, 74], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 75], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 76], [28, "single", "single", "JJ", 1, 77], [29, "point", "point", "NN", 1, 78], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 79]], "id": "0", "sha1": "720db74d1f97c58ad1bae09d82cf775d1af610b2"}
{"graf": [[0, "A", "a", "DT", 0, 80], [30, "comparison", "comparison", "NN", 1, 81], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 82], [23, "made", "make", "VBN", 1, 83], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 84], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 85], [31, "general", "general", "JJ", 1, 86], [12, "G", "g", "NN", 1, 87], [11, "statistic", "statistic", "NN", 1, 88], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 89], [32, "Moran", "moran", "NNP", 1, 90], [0, "'s", "'s", "POS", 0, 91], [0, "I", "i", "PRP", 0, 92], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 93], [33, "similar", "similar", "JJ", 1, 94], [34, "hypothetical", "hypothetical", "JJ", 1, 95], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 96], [35, "empirical", "empirical", "JJ", 1, 97], [36, "conditions", "condition", "NNS", 1, 98], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 99]], "id": "0", "sha1": "81ef07790460405791415948f52780bd00dc7770"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 100], [35, "empirical", "empirical", "JJ", 1, 101], [37, "work", "work", "NN", 1, 102], [38, "includes", "include", "VBZ", 1, 103], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 104], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 105], [40, "sudden", "sudden", "JJ", 1, 106], [41, "infant", "infant", "NN", 1, 107], [42, "death", "death", "NN", 1, 108], [43, "syndrome", "syndrome", "NN", 1, 109], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 110], [44, "county", "county", "NN", 1, 111], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 112], [45, "North", "north", "NNP", 1, 113], [46, "Carolina", "carolina", "NNP", 1, 114], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 115], [47, "dwelling", "dwell", "VBG", 1, 116], [48, "unit", "unit", "NN", 1, 117], [49, "prices", "price", "NNS", 1, 118], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 119], [50, "metropolitan", "metropolitan", "JJ", 1, 120], [51, "San", "san", "NNP", 1, 121], [52, "Diego", "diego", "NNP", 1, 122], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 123], [53, "zip\u2010code", "zip\u2010code", "NNP", 1, 124], [54, "districts", "district", "NNS", 1, 125], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 126]], "id": "0", "sha1": "7284ea2cb8a8c08530b42163cab645e0e8cbcf8b"}
{"graf": [[55, "Results", "result", "NNS", 1, 127], [56, "indicate", "indicate", "VBP", 1, 128], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 129], [12, "G", "g", "NN", 1, 130], [11, "statistics", "statistic", "NNS", 1, 131], [0, "should", "should", "MD", 0, 132], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 133], [4, "used", "use", "VBN", 1, 134], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 135], [57, "conjunction", "conjunction", "NN", 1, 136], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 137], [0, "I", "i", "PRP", 0, 138], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 139], [58, "order", "order", "NN", 1, 140], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 141], [19, "identify", "identify", "VB", 1, 142], [59, "characteristics", "characteristic", "NNS", 1, 143], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 144], [60, "patterns", "pattern", "NNS", 1, 145], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 146], [61, "revealed", "reveal", "VBN", 1, 147], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 148], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 149], [0, "I", "i", "PRP", 0, 150], [11, "statistic", "statistic", "VBP", 1, 151], [0, "alone", "alone", "RB", 0, 152], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 153], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 154], [0, "specifically", "specifically", "RB", 0, 155], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 156], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 157], [62, "Gi", "gi", "NNP", 1, 158], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 159], [62, "Gi", "gi", "NNP", 1, 160], [0, "*", "*", ".", 0, 161], [11, "statistics", "statistic", "NNS", 1, 162], [63, "enable", "enable", "VBP", 1, 163], [0, "us", "us", "PRP", 0, 164], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 165], [64, "detect", "detect", "VB", 1, 166], [65, "local", "local", "JJ", 1, 167], [0, "\u201c", "\u201c", ".", 0, 168], [66, "pockets", "pocket", "NNS", 1, 169], [0, "\u201d", "\u201d", ".", 0, 170], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 171], [67, "dependence", "dependence", "NN", 1, 172], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 173], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 174], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 175], [68, "show", "show", "VB", 1, 176], [0, "up", "up", "RP", 0, 177], [0, "when", "when", "WRB", 0, 178], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 179], [69, "global", "global", "JJ", 1, 180], [11, "statistics", "statistic", "NNS", 1, 181], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 182]], "id": "0", "sha1": "db30de8d93f78434d03398d2dc02c425e3d26c69"}
{"graf": [[0, "1992", "1992", "CD", 0, 183], [0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 184], [70, "Ohio", "ohio", "NNP", 1, 185], [71, "State", "state", "NNP", 1, 186], [72, "University", "university", "NNP", 1, 187], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 188]], "id": "0", "sha1": "680e17e5dd13ef8f30fdd4179c5a7b87ef07282b"}
{"graf": [[69, "Global", "global", "JJ", 1, 189], [73, "assessment", "assessment", "NN", 1, 190], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 191], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 192], [75, "deposition", "deposition", "NN", 1, 193], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 194], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 195], [77, "terrestrial", "terrestrial", "JJ", 1, 196], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 197], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 198], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 199], [0, "A", "a", "DT", 0, 200], [80, "synthesis", "synthesis", "NN", 1, 201], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 202]], "id": "0", "sha1": "3670f17c963217730a63985306d14fff1eaeff6e"}
{"graf": [[81, "Atmospheric", "atmospheric", "JJ", 1, 203], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 204], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 205], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 206], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 207], [75, "deposition", "deposition", "NN", 1, 208], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 209], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 210], [83, "recognized", "recognize", "VBN", 1, 211], [84, "threat", "threat", "NN", 1, 212], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 213], [78, "plant", "plant", "VB", 1, 214], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 215], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 216], [85, "temperate", "temperate", "JJ", 1, 217], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 218], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 219], [87, "parts", "part", "NNS", 1, 220], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 221], [88, "Europe", "europe", "NNP", 1, 222], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 223], [45, "North", "north", "NNP", 1, 224], [89, "America", "america", "NNP", 1, 225], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 226]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ff6d56ca5f06ac6ee01363367a4e6f180ba07c07"}
{"graf": [[0, "This", "this", "DT", 0, 227], [8, "paper", "paper", "NN", 1, 228], [90, "assesses", "assess", "VBZ", 1, 229], [91, "evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 230], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 231], [92, "field", "field", "NN", 1, 232], [93, "experiments", "experiment", "NNS", 1, 233], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 234], [0, "N", "n", "CD", 0, 235], [75, "deposition", "deposition", "NN", 1, 236], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 237], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 238], [94, "thresholds", "threshold", "NNS", 1, 239], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 240], [77, "terrestrial", "terrestrial", "JJ", 1, 241], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 242], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 243], [95, "protection", "protection", "NN", 1, 244], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 245], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 246], [96, "latitudinal", "latitudinal", "JJ", 1, 247], [97, "range", "range", "NN", 1, 248], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 249], [98, "main", "main", "JJ", 1, 250], [99, "categories", "category", "NNS", 1, 251], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 252], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 253], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 254], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 255], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 256], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 257], [102, "boreal", "boreal", "JJ", 1, 258], [103, "systems", "system", "NNS", 1, 259], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 260], [104, "tropical", "tropical", "JJ", 1, 261], [105, "forests", "forest", "NNS", 1, 262], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 263]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ecc755b019ed1c9d2f0c9767e08b4dbbc0ed4344"}
{"graf": [[106, "Current", "current", "JJ", 1, 264], [107, "thinking", "thinking", "NN", 1, 265], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 266], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 267], [108, "mechanisms", "mechanism", "NNS", 1, 268], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 269], [0, "N", "n", "CD", 0, 270], [75, "deposition", "deposition", "NN", 1, 271], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 272], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 273], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 274], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 275], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 276], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 277], [69, "global", "global", "JJ", 1, 278], [109, "distribution", "distribution", "NN", 1, 279], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 280], [110, "G200", "g200", "NNP", 1, 281], [111, "ecoregions", "ecoregion", "NNS", 1, 282], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 283], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 284], [106, "current", "current", "JJ", 1, 285], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 286], [112, "future", "future", "JJ", 1, 287], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 288], [0, "2030", "2030", "CD", 0, 289], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 290], [113, "estimates", "estimate", "NNS", 1, 291], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 292], [81, "atmospheric", "atmospheric", "JJ", 1, 293], [114, "N-deposition", "n-deposition", "NN", 1, 294], [115, "rates", "rate", "NNS", 1, 295], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 296], [0, "then", "then", "RB", 0, 297], [4, "used", "use", "VBN", 1, 298], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 299], [19, "identify", "identify", "VB", 1, 300], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 301], [116, "risks", "risk", "NNS", 1, 302], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 303], [78, "plant", "plant", "VB", 1, 304], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 305], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 306], [0, "all", "all", "DT", 0, 307], [117, "major", "major", "JJ", 1, 308], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 309], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 310], [0, "now", "now", "RB", 0, 311], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 312], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 313], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 314], [112, "future", "future", "NN", 1, 315], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 316]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2cf6a8e386c5f14de44f4b1f0fa629f96212a735"}
{"graf": [[0, "This", "this", "DT", 0, 317], [80, "synthesis", "synthesis", "NN", 1, 318], [8, "paper", "paper", "NN", 1, 319], [0, "clearly", "clearly", "RB", 0, 320], [68, "shows", "show", "VBZ", 1, 321], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 322], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 323], [119, "accumulation", "accumulation", "NN", 1, 324], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 325], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 326], [98, "main", "main", "JJ", 1, 327], [120, "driver", "driver", "NN", 1, 328], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 329], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 330], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 331], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 332], [123, "composition", "composition", "NN", 1, 333], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 334], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 335], [124, "whole", "whole", "JJ", 1, 336], [97, "range", "range", "NN", 1, 337], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 338], [125, "different", "different", "JJ", 1, 339], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 340], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 341], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 342], [126, "driving", "drive", "VBG", 1, 343], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 344], [127, "competitive", "competitive", "JJ", 1, 345], [128, "interactions", "interaction", "NNS", 1, 346], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 347], [129, "lead", "lead", "VBP", 1, 348], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 349], [123, "composition", "composition", "NN", 1, 350], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 351], [0, "and/or", "and/or", "CC", 0, 352], [23, "making", "make", "VBG", 1, 353], [36, "conditions", "condition", "NNS", 1, 354], [130, "unfavorable", "unfavorable", "JJ", 1, 355], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 356], [0, "some", "some", "DT", 0, 357], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 358], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 359]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f6e6c69a91af218db4346cde0c34f72f270a0741"}
{"graf": [[131, "Other", "other", "JJ", 1, 360], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 361], [132, "such", "such", "JJ", 1, 362], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 363], [133, "direct", "direct", "JJ", 1, 364], [134, "toxicity", "toxicity", "NN", 1, 365], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 366], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 367], [135, "gases", "gas", "NNS", 1, 368], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 369], [136, "aerosols", "aerosol", "NNS", 1, 370], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 371], [137, "long-term", "long-term", "JJ", 1, 372], [138, "negative", "negative", "JJ", 1, 373], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 374], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 375], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 376], [140, "ammonium", "ammonium", "NN", 1, 377], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 378], [141, "ammonia", "ammonia", "NN", 1, 379], [142, "availability", "availability", "NN", 1, 380], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 381], [143, "soil-mediated", "soil-mediate", "NN", 1, 382], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 383], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 384], [144, "acidification", "acidification", "NN", 1, 385], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 386], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 387], [145, "secondary", "secondary", "JJ", 1, 388], [146, "stress", "stress", "NN", 1, 389], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 390], [147, "disturbance", "disturbance", "NN", 1, 391], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 392], [148, "more", "more", "JJR", 1, 393], [149, "ecosystem-", "ecosystem-", "JJ", 1, 394], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 395], [150, "site-specific", "site-specific", "NN", 1, 396], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 397], [0, "often", "often", "RB", 0, 398], [151, "play", "play", "VB", 1, 399], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 400], [152, "supporting", "supporting", "JJ", 1, 401], [153, "role", "role", "NN", 1, 402], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 403]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c15c0f0410ff6e2ced4739ee8a815bdf6384b5c6"}
{"graf": [[82, "N", "n", "NN", 1, 404], [75, "deposition", "deposition", "NN", 1, 405], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 406], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 407], [154, "mediterranean", "mediterranean", "JJ", 1, 408], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 409], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 410], [0, "now", "now", "RB", 0, 411], [9, "been", "be", "VBN", 1, 412], [19, "identified", "identify", "VBN", 1, 413], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 414], [129, "leading", "lead", "VBG", 1, 415], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 416], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 417], [156, "first", "first", "JJ", 1, 418], [113, "estimate", "estimate", "NN", 1, 419], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 420], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 421], [76, "effect", "effect", "NN", 1, 422], [94, "threshold", "threshold", "NN", 1, 423], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 424]], "id": "0", "sha1": "baa3030d7932cadd3bc7b1526d17b3d62e7da0ee"}
{"graf": [[0, "Importantly", "importantly", "RB", 0, 425], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 426], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 427], [157, "thought", "think", "VBD", 1, 428], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 429], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 430], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 431], [0, "N", "n", "CD", 0, 432], [158, "limited", "limited", "JJ", 1, 433], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 434], [132, "such", "such", "JJ", 1, 435], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 436], [104, "tropical", "tropical", "JJ", 1, 437], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 438], [159, "subtropical", "subtropical", "JJ", 1, 439], [103, "systems", "system", "NNS", 1, 440], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 441], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 442], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 443], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 444], [160, "vulnerable", "vulnerable", "JJ", 1, 445], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 446], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 447], [161, "regeneration", "regeneration", "NN", 1, 448], [162, "phase", "phase", "NN", 1, 449], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 450], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 451], [163, "situations", "situation", "NNS", 1, 452], [0, "where", "where", "WRB", 0, 453], [164, "heterogeneity", "heterogeneity", "NN", 1, 454], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 455], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 456], [142, "availability", "availability", "NN", 1, 457], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 458], [165, "reduced", "reduce", "VBN", 1, 459], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 460], [81, "atmospheric", "atmospheric", "JJ", 1, 461], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 462], [75, "deposition", "deposition", "NN", 1, 463], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 464], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 465], [166, "sandy", "sandy", "JJ", 1, 466], [167, "soils", "soil", "NNS", 1, 467], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 468], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 469], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 470], [168, "montane", "montane", "NN", 1, 471], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 472], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 473]], "id": "0", "sha1": "05af89813aeaa1a47eb4c06e3bde3a95c9c991a3"}
{"graf": [[170, "Critical", "critical", "JJ", 1, 474], [171, "loads", "load", "NNS", 1, 475], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 476], [76, "effect", "effect", "NN", 1, 477], [94, "thresholds", "threshold", "NNS", 1, 478], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 479], [0, "N", "n", "CD", 0, 480], [75, "deposition", "deposition", "NN", 1, 481], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 482], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 483], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 484], [170, "critical", "critical", "JJ", 1, 485], [171, "load", "load", "NN", 1, 486], [172, "concept", "concept", "NN", 1, 487], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 488], [173, "helped", "help", "VBN", 1, 489], [174, "European", "european", "JJ", 1, 490], [175, "governments", "government", "NNS", 1, 491], [23, "make", "make", "VBP", 1, 492], [176, "progress", "progress", "NN", 1, 493], [0, "toward", "toward", "IN", 0, 494], [165, "reducing", "reduce", "VBG", 1, 495], [0, "N", "n", "PRP", 0, 496], [171, "loads", "load", "NNS", 1, 497], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 498], [177, "sensitive", "sensitive", "JJ", 1, 499], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 500], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 501]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e27bd82874edd2ca44550a7cd5ff50d2364086ee"}
{"graf": [[148, "More", "more", "JJR", 1, 502], [178, "needs", "need", "NNS", 1, 503], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 504], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 505], [179, "done", "do", "VBN", 1, 506], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 507], [88, "Europe", "europe", "NNP", 1, 508], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 509], [45, "North", "north", "NNP", 1, 510], [89, "America", "america", "NNP", 1, 511], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 512], [0, "especially", "especially", "RB", 0, 513], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 514], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 515], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 516], [177, "sensitive", "sensitive", "JJ", 1, 517], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 518], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 519], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 520], [38, "including", "include", "VBG", 1, 521], [22, "several", "several", "JJ", 1, 522], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 523], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 524], [180, "high", "high", "JJ", 1, 525], [181, "conservation", "conservation", "NN", 1, 526], [182, "importance", "importance", "NN", 1, 527], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 528]], "id": "0", "sha1": "016c5dc6691d5df5ca69d0cdef0a67ea3a7fa267"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 529], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 530], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 531], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 532], [73, "assessment", "assessment", "NN", 1, 533], [68, "show", "show", "NN", 1, 534], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 535], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 536], [160, "vulnerable", "vulnerable", "JJ", 1, 537], [183, "regions", "region", "NNS", 1, 538], [0, "outside", "outside", "IN", 0, 539], [88, "Europe", "europe", "NNP", 1, 540], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 541], [45, "North", "north", "NNP", 1, 542], [89, "America", "america", "NNP", 1, 543], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 544], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 545], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 546], [184, "received", "receive", "VBN", 1, 547], [185, "enough", "enough", "JJ", 1, 548], [186, "attention", "attention", "NN", 1, 549], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 550], [111, "ecoregions", "ecoregion", "NNS", 1, 551], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 552], [187, "eastern", "eastern", "JJ", 1, 553], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 554], [188, "southern", "southern", "JJ", 1, 555], [189, "Asia", "asia", "NNP", 1, 556], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 557], [190, "China", "china", "NNP", 1, 558], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 559], [191, "India", "india", "NNP", 1, 560], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 561], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 562], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 563], [192, "important", "important", "JJ", 1, 564], [87, "part", "part", "NN", 1, 565], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 566], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 567], [154, "mediterranean", "mediterranean", "JJ", 1, 568], [111, "ecoregion", "ecoregion", "NN", 1, 569], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 570], [193, "California", "california", "NNP", 1, 571], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 572], [188, "southern", "southern", "JJ", 1, 573], [88, "Europe", "europe", "NNP", 1, 574], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 575], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 576], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 577], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 578], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 579], [194, "coming", "coming", "JJ", 1, 580], [195, "decades", "decade", "NNS", 1, 581], [22, "several", "several", "JJ", 1, 582], [159, "subtropical", "subtropical", "JJ", 1, 583], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 584], [104, "tropical", "tropical", "JJ", 1, 585], [87, "parts", "part", "NNS", 1, 586], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 587], [196, "Latin", "latin", "NNP", 1, 588], [89, "America", "america", "NNP", 1, 589], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 590], [197, "Africa", "africa", "NNP", 1, 591], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 592]], "id": "0", "sha1": "9b68df2de3ff82243c1618b497b5fef95e88ee3b"}
{"graf": [[198, "Reductions", "reduction", "NNS", 1, 593], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 594], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 595], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 596], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 597], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 598], [81, "atmospheric", "atmospheric", "JJ", 1, 599], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 600], [75, "deposition", "deposition", "NN", 1, 601], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 602], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 603], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 604], [199, "widespread", "widespread", "JJ", 1, 605], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 606], [156, "first", "first", "JJ", 1, 607], [200, "thought", "thought", "NN", 1, 608], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 609], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 610], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 611], [201, "targeted", "target", "VBN", 1, 612], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 613], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 614], [202, "required", "require", "VBN", 1, 615], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 616], [203, "low", "low", "JJ", 1, 617], [204, "background", "background", "NN", 1, 618], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 619], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 620], [0, "especially", "especially", "RB", 0, 621], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 622], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 623], [110, "G200", "g200", "NNP", 1, 624], [111, "ecoregions", "ecoregion", "NNS", 1, 625], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 626]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f8f83b10a29fb55e3fd627d5065bb0886cffba71"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 627], [0, "2010", "2010", "CD", 0, 628], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 629], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 630], [205, "Ecological", "ecological", "NNP", 1, 631], [206, "Society", "society", "NNP", 1, 632], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 633], [89, "America", "america", "NNP", 1, 634], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 635]], "id": "0", "sha1": "5edf951e8f80e3b8350642d73c78899d812a0c89"}
{"graf": [[139, "Increasing", "increase", "VBG", 1, 636], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 637], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 638], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 639], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 640], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 641], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 642]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e46799db10ccb80ba32d7760fdb492d36d45e9d1"}
{"graf": [[78, "Plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 643], [209, "community", "community", "NN", 1, 644], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 645], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 646], [211, "experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 647], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 648], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 649], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 650], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 651], [214, "biome", "biome", "NN", 1, 652], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 653]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c6c5cef3b70ea74b157e0d3084c903dbee197f46"}
{"graf": [[215, "Recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 654], [216, "observations", "observation", "NNS", 1, 655], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 656], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 657], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 658], [0, "some", "some", "DT", 0, 659], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 660], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 661], [217, "appear", "appear", "VBP", 1, 662], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 663], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 664], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 665], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 666], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 667], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 668], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 669], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 670]], "id": "0", "sha1": "7aa70fdc2ccde6a84197d49263a89e30404f8359"}
{"graf": [[22, "Several", "several", "JJ", 1, 671], [211, "experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 672], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 673], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 674], [68, "shown", "show", "VBN", 1, 675], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 676], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 677], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 678], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 679], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 680], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 681], [219, "respond", "respond", "VB", 1, 682], [0, "strongly", "strongly", "RB", 0, 683], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 684], [220, "environmental", "environmental", "JJ", 1, 685], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 686], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 687], [38, "including", "include", "VBG", 1, 688], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 689], [0, ";", ";", ".", 0, 690], [0, "however", "however", "RB", 0, 691], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 692], [221, "most", "most", "JJS", 1, 693], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 694], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 695], [222, "limited", "limit", "VBN", 1, 696], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 697], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 698], [28, "single", "single", "JJ", 1, 699], [223, "location", "location", "NN", 1, 700], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 701], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 702], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 703], [224, "short", "short", "JJ", 1, 704], [225, "duration", "duration", "NN", 1, 705], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 706], [226, "based", "base", "VBN", 1, 707], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 708], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 709], [227, "variety", "variety", "NN", 1, 710], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 711], [211, "experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 712], [228, "designs", "design", "NNS", 1, 713], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 714]], "id": "0", "sha1": "1ec5651e3a8774781b31d1a71a92a2ef5ba241b6"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 715], [229, "addition", "addition", "NN", 1, 716], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 717], [30, "comparisons", "comparison", "NNS", 1, 718], [0, "among", "among", "IN", 0, 719], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 720], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 721], [230, "difficult", "difficult", "JJ", 1, 722], [0, "because", "because", "IN", 0, 723], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 724], [227, "variety", "variety", "NN", 1, 725], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 726], [231, "techniques", "technique", "NNS", 1, 727], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 728], [9, "been", "be", "VBN", 1, 729], [4, "used", "use", "VBN", 1, 730], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 731], [232, "achieve", "achieve", "VB", 1, 732], [211, "experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 733], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 734], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 735], [125, "different", "different", "JJ", 1, 736], [233, "measurements", "measurement", "NNS", 1, 737], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 738], [9, "been", "be", "VBN", 1, 739], [4, "used", "use", "VBN", 1, 740], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 741], [90, "assess", "assess", "VB", 1, 742], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 743], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 744]], "id": "0", "sha1": "dade44021f100f253782c0e726dead5d6672fcc6"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 745], [4, "used", "use", "VBD", 1, 746], [234, "metaanalysis", "metaanalysis", "NN", 1, 747], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 748], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 749], [209, "community", "community", "NN", 1, 750], [233, "measurements", "measurement", "NNS", 1, 751], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 752], [235, "standardized", "standardized", "JJ", 1, 753], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 754], [93, "experiments", "experiment", "NNS", 1, 755], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 756], [0, "11", "11", "CD", 0, 757], [223, "locations", "location", "NNS", 1, 758], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 759], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 760], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 761], [214, "biome", "biome", "NN", 1, 762], [236, "involved", "involve", "VBN", 1, 763], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 764], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 765], [237, "International", "international", "NNP", 1, 766], [213, "Tundra", "tundra", "NNP", 1, 767], [93, "Experiment", "experiment", "NNP", 1, 768], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 769]], "id": "0", "sha1": "88a3567b53b5fc1fed8192d1285da62cbc94ad3c"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 770], [238, "passive", "passive", "JJ", 1, 771], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 772], [239, "treatment", "treatment", "NN", 1, 773], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBD", 1, 774], [240, "plant-level", "plant-level", "NN", 1, 775], [241, "air", "air", "NN", 1, 776], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 777], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 778], [0, "1-3\u00b0C", "1-3\u00b0c", "CD", 0, 779], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 780], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 781], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 782], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 783], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 784], [97, "range", "range", "NN", 1, 785], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 786], [243, "predicted", "predict", "VBN", 1, 787], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 788], [244, "observed", "observe", "VBN", 1, 789], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 790], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 791], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 792], [183, "regions", "region", "NNS", 1, 793], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 794]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2487229ed86d814e51dfbae7f3f17994bfb7da58"}
{"graf": [[210, "Responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 795], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 796], [245, "rapid", "rapid", "JJ", 1, 797], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 798], [64, "detected", "detect", "VBN", 1, 799], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 800], [124, "whole", "whole", "JJ", 1, 801], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 802], [209, "communities", "community", "NNS", 1, 803], [0, "after", "after", "IN", 0, 804], [0, "only", "only", "RB", 0, 805], [0, "two", "two", "CD", 0, 806], [246, "growing", "grow", "VBG", 1, 807], [247, "seasons", "season", "NNS", 1, 808], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 809]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b778c42d89bf73ef7f12f311b6cee901094391a6"}
{"graf": [[0, "Overall", "overall", "RB", 0, 810], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 811], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 812], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 813], [249, "height", "height", "NN", 1, 814], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 815], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 816], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 817], [251, "deciduous", "deciduous", "JJ", 1, 818], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 819], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 820], [252, "graminoids", "graminoid", "NNS", 1, 821], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 822], [253, "decreased", "decrease", "VBD", 1, 823], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 824], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 825], [254, "mosses", "moss", "NNS", 1, 826], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 827], [255, "lichens", "lichen", "NNS", 1, 828], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 829], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 830], [253, "decreased", "decrease", "VBD", 1, 831], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 832], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 833], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 834], [256, "evenness", "evenness", "NN", 1, 835], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 836]], "id": "0", "sha1": "16624c46967de48ae8a5cb2d0e7f7f131e094ac6"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 837], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 838], [243, "predict", "predict", "VBP", 1, 839], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 840], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 841], [0, "will", "will", "MD", 0, 842], [257, "cause", "cause", "VB", 1, 843], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 844], [258, "decline", "decline", "NN", 1, 845], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 846], [259, "biodiversity", "biodiversity", "NN", 1, 847], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 848], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 849], [260, "wide", "wide", "JJ", 1, 850], [227, "variety", "variety", "NN", 1, 851], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 852], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 853], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 854], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 855], [261, "least", "least", "JJS", 1, 856], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 857], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 858], [224, "short", "short", "JJ", 1, 859], [262, "term", "term", "NN", 1, 860], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 861]], "id": "0", "sha1": "31616c740d39b63083307518611fe375f479cc3c"}
{"graf": [[0, "They", "they", "PRP", 0, 862], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 863], [263, "provide", "provide", "VBP", 1, 864], [264, "rigorous", "rigorous", "JJ", 1, 865], [211, "experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 866], [91, "evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 867], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 868], [0, "recently", "recently", "RB", 0, 869], [244, "observed", "observe", "VBD", 1, 870], [139, "increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 871], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 872], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 873], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 874], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 875], [265, "many", "many", "JJ", 1, 876], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 877], [183, "regions", "region", "NNS", 1, 878], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 879], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 880], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 881], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 882], [218, "climate", "climate", "VB", 1, 883], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 884], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 885]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f9687c971a5f6e6ffe19686b5cf2a6d8a2f7aea5"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 886], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 887], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 888], [192, "important", "important", "JJ", 1, 889], [266, "implications", "implication", "NNS", 1, 890], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 891], [267, "processes", "process", "NNS", 1, 892], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 893], [128, "interactions", "interaction", "NNS", 1, 894], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 895], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 896], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 897], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 898], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 899], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 900], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 901], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 902], [268, "atmosphere", "atmosphere", "NN", 1, 903], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 904]], "id": "0", "sha1": "96b5e50156880165a57537cad6b2587202b605d5"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 905], [0, "2006", "2006", "CD", 0, 906], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 907], [0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 908], [269, "National", "national", "NNP", 1, 909], [270, "Academy", "academy", "NNP", 1, 910], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 911], [271, "Sciences", "sciences", "NNPS", 1, 912], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 913], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 914], [272, "USA", "usa", "NNP", 1, 915], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 916], [273, "Progressive", "progressive", "NNP", 1, 917], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 918], [274, "limitation", "limitation", "NN", 1, 919], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 920], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 921], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 922], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 923], [275, "rising", "rise", "VBG", 1, 924], [81, "atmospheric", "atmospheric", "JJ", 1, 925], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 926], [277, "dioxide", "dioxide", "NN", 1, 927], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 928]], "id": "0", "sha1": "1d64d39cd56eeaa48f2a7bb60e7bddb0d4f7feee"}
{"graf": [[0, "A", "a", "DT", 0, 929], [0, "highly", "highly", "RB", 0, 930], [278, "controversial", "controversial", "JJ", 1, 931], [279, "issue", "issue", "NN", 1, 932], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 933], [69, "global", "global", "JJ", 1, 934], [280, "biogeochemistry", "biogeochemistry", "NN", 1, 935], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 936], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 937], [281, "regulation", "regulation", "NN", 1, 938], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 939], [77, "terrestrial", "terrestrial", "JJ", 1, 940], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 941], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 942], [282, "C", "c", "NNP", 1, 943], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 944], [283, "sequestration", "sequestration", "NN", 1, 945], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 946], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 947], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 948], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 949], [82, "N", "n", "NN", 1, 950], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 951], [142, "availability", "availability", "NN", 1, 952], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 953]], "id": "0", "sha1": "60b6c4c473962fe85115c60004b1b43383f79e42"}
{"graf": [[0, "This", "this", "DT", 0, 954], [284, "controversy", "controversy", "NN", 1, 955], [285, "translates", "translate", "VBZ", 1, 956], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 957], [286, "great", "great", "JJ", 1, 958], [287, "uncertainty", "uncertainty", "NN", 1, 959], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 960], [243, "predicting", "predict", "VBG", 1, 961], [112, "future", "future", "JJ", 1, 962], [69, "global", "global", "JJ", 1, 963], [77, "terrestrial", "terrestrial", "JJ", 1, 964], [282, "C", "c", "NNP", 1, 965], [283, "sequestration", "sequestration", "NN", 1, 966], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 967]], "id": "0", "sha1": "94a4cccd1c1dd0da424b7b0c147c236035b3d33c"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 968], [288, "propose", "propose", "VBP", 1, 969], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 970], [289, "new", "new", "JJ", 1, 971], [290, "framework", "framework", "NN", 1, 972], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 973], [291, "centers", "center", "VBZ", 1, 974], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 975], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 976], [172, "concept", "concept", "NN", 1, 977], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 978], [273, "progressive", "progressive", "JJ", 1, 979], [82, "N", "n", "NN", 1, 980], [274, "limitation", "limitation", "NN", 1, 981], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 982], [292, "PNL", "pnl", "NNP", 1, 983], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 984], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 985], [39, "studying", "study", "VBG", 1, 986], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 987], [128, "interactions", "interaction", "NNS", 1, 988], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 989], [282, "C", "c", "NNP", 1, 990], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 991], [82, "N", "n", "NN", 1, 992], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 993], [77, "terrestrial", "terrestrial", "JJ", 1, 994], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 995], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 996]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f7ea5b824122866a63c4b4a9ee2cbdab5b426548"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 997], [292, "PNL", "pnl", "NNP", 1, 998], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 999], [293, "available", "available", "JJ", 1, 1000], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 1001], [82, "N", "n", "NN", 1, 1002], [294, "becomes", "become", "VBZ", 1, 1003], [0, "increasingly", "increasingly", "RB", 0, 1004], [222, "limiting", "limit", "VBG", 1, 1005], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 1006], [282, "C", "c", "NNP", 1, 1007], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1008], [82, "N", "n", "NNS", 1, 1009], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 1010], [295, "sequestered", "sequester", "VBN", 1, 1011], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1012], [0, "long-lived", "long-lived", "RB", 0, 1013], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 1014], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 1015], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1016], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 1017], [297, "organic", "organic", "JJ", 1, 1018], [298, "matter", "matter", "NN", 1, 1019], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1020]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0800fb9258d5465bfca84630d8c93ca2f2bac380"}
{"graf": [[0, "Our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 1021], [1, "analysis", "analysis", "NN", 1, 1022], [299, "focuses", "focus", "VBZ", 1, 1023], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 1024], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1025], [153, "role", "role", "NN", 1, 1026], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1027], [292, "PNL", "pnl", "NNP", 1, 1028], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1029], [300, "regulating", "regulate", "VBG", 1, 1030], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 1031], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 1032], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 1033], [275, "rising", "rise", "VBG", 1, 1034], [81, "atmospheric", "atmospheric", "JJ", 1, 1035], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 1036], [277, "dioxide", "dioxide", "NN", 1, 1037], [301, "concentration", "concentration", "NN", 1, 1038], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1039], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 1040], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1041], [172, "concept", "concept", "NN", 1, 1042], [302, "applies", "apply", "VBZ", 1, 1043], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 1044], [0, "any", "any", "DT", 0, 1045], [303, "perturbation", "perturbation", "NN", 1, 1046], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 1047], [0, "initially", "initially", "RB", 0, 1048], [257, "causes", "cause", "VBZ", 1, 1049], [282, "C", "c", "NNP", 1, 1050], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1051], [82, "N", "n", "NN", 1, 1052], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 1053], [304, "accumulate", "accumulate", "VB", 1, 1054], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1055], [297, "organic", "organic", "JJ", 1, 1056], [305, "forms", "form", "NNS", 1, 1057], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1058]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d4889c8bae70e41fe8a6c55a3355d3e1f7ac807d"}
{"graf": [[0, "This", "this", "DT", 0, 1059], [306, "article", "article", "NN", 1, 1060], [307, "examines", "examine", "VBZ", 1, 1061], [36, "conditions", "condition", "NNS", 1, 1062], [0, "under", "under", "IN", 0, 1063], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 1064], [292, "PNL", "pnl", "NNP", 1, 1065], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 1066], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 1067], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 1068], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 1069], [308, "constrain", "constrain", "VB", 1, 1070], [309, "net", "net", "JJ", 1, 1071], [310, "primary", "primary", "NN", 1, 1072], [311, "production", "production", "NN", 1, 1073], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1074], [282, "C", "c", "NN", 1, 1075], [283, "sequestration", "sequestration", "NN", 1, 1076], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1077], [77, "terrestrial", "terrestrial", "JJ", 1, 1078], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 1079], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1080]], "id": "0", "sha1": "62cb5bb23f0fbb5f2d25152bc2a0ee2ae1ebfb17"}
{"graf": [[0, "While", "while", "IN", 0, 1081], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1082], [312, "PNL-centered", "pnl-center", "NNP", 1, 1083], [290, "framework", "framework", "NN", 1, 1084], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 1085], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1086], [313, "potential", "potential", "NN", 1, 1087], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 1088], [21, "explain", "explain", "VB", 1, 1089], [314, "diverse", "diverse", "JJ", 1, 1090], [211, "experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 1091], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 1092], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1093], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 1094], [173, "help", "help", "VB", 1, 1095], [315, "researchers", "researcher", "NNS", 1, 1096], [316, "integrate", "integrate", "VB", 1, 1097], [317, "models", "model", "NNS", 1, 1098], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1099], [318, "data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 1100], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1101], [133, "direct", "direct", "JJ", 1, 1102], [319, "tests", "test", "NNS", 1, 1103], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1104], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1105], [292, "PNL", "pnl", "NNP", 1, 1106], [320, "hypothesis", "hypothesis", "NN", 1, 1107], [321, "remain", "remain", "VBP", 1, 1108], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 1109], [286, "great", "great", "JJ", 1, 1110], [322, "challenge", "challenge", "NN", 1, 1111], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 1112], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1113], [323, "research", "research", "NN", 1, 1114], [209, "community", "community", "NN", 1, 1115], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 1116]], "id": "0", "sha1": "dddee3ec82323f7b66c31925763f9f17d352f7f5"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 1117], [91, "evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 1118], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 1119], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 1120], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 1121], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1122], [86, "Northern", "northern", "NNP", 1, 1123], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 1124], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1125], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1126], [326, "Pan-Arctic", "pan-arctic", "NNP", 1, 1127], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1128]], "id": "0", "sha1": "9beddc49699faa91df52e345f5b1bad98915c3d8"}
{"graf": [[0, "One", "one", "CD", 0, 1129], [327, "expected", "expect", "VBN", 1, 1130], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 1131], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 1132], [218, "climate", "climate", "VB", 1, 1133], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 1134], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1135], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1136], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 1137], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 1138], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 1139], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 1140], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1141], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1142], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 1143], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1144], [328, "extent", "extent", "NN", 1, 1145], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1146], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 1147], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1148], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 1149], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 1150], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1151]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b683191194cb8ea3a3167f58ff42405ed47a3c2a"}
{"graf": [[329, "Repeat", "repeat", "VB", 1, 1152], [330, "photography", "photography", "NN", 1, 1153], [68, "shows", "show", "NNS", 1, 1154], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 1155], [0, "there", "there", "EX", 0, 1156], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 1157], [9, "been", "be", "VBN", 1, 1158], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 1159], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 1160], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1161], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 1162], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 1163], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 1164], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1165], [331, "past", "past", "JJ", 1, 1166], [0, "50", "50", "CD", 0, 1167], [332, "years", "year", "NNS", 1, 1168], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1169], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 1170], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 1171], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1172]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ac59f4549f7a57d195408c5d448fcd6e977df6af"}
{"graf": [[4, "Using", "use", "VBG", 1, 1173], [0, "202", "202", "CD", 0, 1174], [333, "pairs", "pair", "NNS", 1, 1175], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1176], [334, "old", "old", "JJ", 1, 1177], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1178], [289, "new", "new", "JJ", 1, 1179], [335, "oblique", "oblique", "JJ", 1, 1180], [336, "aerial", "aerial", "JJ", 1, 1181], [337, "photographs", "photograph", "NNS", 1, 1182], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1183], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 1184], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 1185], [338, "found", "find", "VBN", 1, 1186], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 1187], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 1188], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 1189], [183, "region", "region", "NN", 1, 1190], [339, "spanning", "span", "VBG", 1, 1191], [0, "620", "620", "CD", 0, 1192], [340, "km", "km", "NNS", 1, 1193], [0, "east", "east", "RB", 0, 1194], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 1195], [341, "west", "west", "NN", 1, 1196], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1197], [0, "350", "350", "CD", 0, 1198], [340, "km", "km", "NNS", 1, 1199], [0, "north", "north", "RB", 0, 1200], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 1201], [342, "south", "south", "NN", 1, 1202], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1203], [343, "alder", "alder", "NN", 1, 1204], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1205], [344, "willow", "willow", "NN", 1, 1206], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1207], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1208], [345, "dwarf", "dwarf", "VBP", 1, 1209], [346, "birch", "birch", "NN", 1, 1210], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 1211], [9, "been", "be", "VBN", 1, 1212], [139, "increasing", "increase", "VBG", 1, 1213], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1214], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 1215], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1216], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 1217], [0, "most", "most", "RBS", 0, 1218], [0, "easily", "easily", "RB", 0, 1219], [64, "detected", "detect", "VBN", 1, 1220], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 1221], [347, "hill", "hill", "NN", 1, 1222], [348, "slopes", "slope", "NNS", 1, 1223], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1224], [349, "valley", "valley", "NN", 1, 1225], [350, "bottoms", "bottom", "NNS", 1, 1226], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1227]], "id": "0", "sha1": "de11e92edb7af4fce493b8f3f46fcdf5975ea738"}
{"graf": [[351, "Plot", "plot", "NN", 1, 1228], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1229], [352, "remote", "remote", "VBD", 1, 1230], [353, "sensing", "sense", "VBG", 1, 1231], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 1232], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 1233], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1234], [354, "same", "same", "JJ", 1, 1235], [183, "region", "region", "NN", 1, 1236], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 1237], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1238], [355, "normalized", "normalized", "JJ", 1, 1239], [356, "difference", "difference", "NN", 1, 1240], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 1241], [358, "index", "index", "NN", 1, 1242], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 1243], [359, "consistent", "consistent", "JJ", 1, 1244], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 1245], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1246], [360, "photographic", "photographic", "JJ", 1, 1247], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 1248], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1249], [56, "indicate", "indicate", "VB", 1, 1250], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 1251], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1252], [361, "smaller", "smaller", "JJR", 1, 1253], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 1254], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 1255], [349, "valleys", "valley", "NNS", 1, 1256], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 1257], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 1258], [139, "increasing", "increase", "VBG", 1, 1259], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1260]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c69e7d921e738d6cb44718cda366dc3f1980e446"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 1261], [362, "Canada", "canada", "NNP", 1, 1262], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1263], [363, "Scandinavia", "scandinavia", "NNP", 1, 1264], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1265], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1266], [87, "parts", "part", "NNS", 1, 1267], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1268], [364, "Russia", "russia", "NNP", 1, 1269], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1270], [0, "there", "there", "EX", 0, 1271], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 1272], [0, "both", "both", "DT", 0, 1273], [351, "plot", "plot", "NN", 1, 1274], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1275], [352, "remote", "remote", "VBD", 1, 1276], [353, "sensing", "sense", "VBG", 1, 1277], [91, "evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 1278], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 1279], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 1280], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 1281], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1282]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0c5ffd69ae4171c5edbb1e10618553f3285b1b1f"}
{"graf": [[365, "Combined", "combine", "VBN", 1, 1283], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 1284], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1285], [366, "Alaskan", "alaskan", "JJ", 1, 1286], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 1287], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1288], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1289], [91, "evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 1290], [367, "suggests", "suggest", "VBZ", 1, 1291], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 1292], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 1293], [326, "pan-Arctic", "pan-arctic", "NN", 1, 1294], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 1295], [368, "transition", "transition", "NN", 1, 1296], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 1297], [369, "underway", "underway", "JJ", 1, 1298], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1299]], "id": "0", "sha1": "6d8328a1214bf2a69473742876a29e4506678aa3"}
{"graf": [[0, "If", "if", "IN", 0, 1300], [370, "continued", "continue", "VBN", 1, 1301], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1302], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 1303], [368, "transition", "transition", "NN", 1, 1304], [0, "will", "will", "MD", 0, 1305], [371, "alter", "alter", "VB", 1, 1306], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1307], [372, "fundamental", "fundamental", "JJ", 1, 1308], [373, "architecture", "architecture", "NN", 1, 1309], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1310], [374, "function", "function", "NN", 1, 1311], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1312], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 1313], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 1314], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 1315], [192, "important", "important", "JJ", 1, 1316], [375, "ramifications", "ramification", "NNS", 1, 1317], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 1318], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1319], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 1320], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1321], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1322], [376, "biota", "biota", "NN", 1, 1323], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1324], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1325], [377, "humans", "human", "NNS", 1, 1326], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1327]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ba32592875c1e72fa75d7f87bb8395d921447d8b"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 1328], [0, "2006", "2006", "CD", 0, 1329], [378, "Blackwell", "blackwell", "NNP", 1, 1330], [379, "Publishing", "publishing", "NNP", 1, 1331], [380, "Ltd", "ltd", "NNP", 1, 1332], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 1333], [267, "Processes", "process", "NNS", 1, 1334], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1335], [381, "impacts", "impact", "NNS", 1, 1336], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1337], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 1338], [382, "amplification", "amplification", "NN", 1, 1339], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 1340], [0, "A", "a", "DT", 0, 1341], [323, "research", "research", "NN", 1, 1342], [80, "synthesis", "synthesis", "NN", 1, 1343], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1344]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e8dd340be62253ef8fec6109a9c444805b2d4626"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 1345], [331, "past", "past", "JJ", 1, 1346], [195, "decade", "decade", "NN", 1, 1347], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 1348], [383, "seen", "see", "VBN", 1, 1349], [384, "substantial", "substantial", "JJ", 1, 1350], [385, "advances", "advance", "NNS", 1, 1351], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1352], [386, "understanding", "understanding", "NN", 1, 1353], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 1354], [382, "amplification", "amplification", "NN", 1, 1355], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 1356], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 1357], [387, "trends", "trend", "NNS", 1, 1358], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1359], [388, "variability", "variability", "NN", 1, 1360], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1361], [389, "surface", "surface", "NN", 1, 1362], [241, "air", "air", "NN", 1, 1363], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 1364], [390, "tend", "tend", "NN", 1, 1365], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 1366], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 1367], [391, "larger", "larger", "JJR", 1, 1368], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1369], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1370], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 1371], [183, "region", "region", "NN", 1, 1372], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 1373], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 1374], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1375], [86, "Northern", "northern", "NNP", 1, 1376], [392, "Hemisphere", "hemisphere", "NNP", 1, 1377], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 1378], [393, "globe", "globe", "NN", 1, 1379], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 1380], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 1381], [124, "whole", "whole", "NN", 1, 1382], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1383]], "id": "0", "sha1": "198b4108920b74a6fcfc5e6f45d0e0c6096f50df"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 1384], [263, "provide", "provide", "VBP", 1, 1385], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 1386], [80, "synthesis", "synthesis", "NN", 1, 1387], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1388], [323, "research", "research", "NN", 1, 1389], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 1390], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 1391], [382, "amplification", "amplification", "NN", 1, 1392], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1393], [394, "starting", "start", "VBG", 1, 1394], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 1395], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 1396], [395, "historical", "historical", "JJ", 1, 1397], [396, "context", "context", "NN", 1, 1398], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1399], [0, "then", "then", "RB", 0, 1400], [397, "addressing", "address", "VBG", 1, 1401], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 1402], [398, "insights", "insight", "NNS", 1, 1403], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 1404], [267, "processes", "process", "NNS", 1, 1405], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1406], [399, "key", "key", "JJ", 1, 1407], [381, "impacts", "impact", "NNS", 1, 1408], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1409], [226, "based", "base", "VBN", 1, 1410], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 1411], [1, "analysis", "analysis", "NN", 1, 1412], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1413], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1414], [400, "instrumental", "instrumental", "JJ", 1, 1415], [401, "record", "record", "NN", 1, 1416], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1417], [317, "modeling", "model", "VBG", 1, 1418], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 1419], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1420], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1421], [402, "paleoclimate", "paleoclimate", "VB", 1, 1422], [403, "reconstructions", "reconstruction", "NNS", 1, 1423], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1424]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f6e11dc879d7f4dbe592c6ed4f129435d5b9cbac"}
{"graf": [[101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 1425], [382, "amplification", "amplification", "NN", 1, 1426], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 1427], [0, "now", "now", "RB", 0, 1428], [83, "recognized", "recognize", "VBN", 1, 1429], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 1430], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 1431], [404, "inherent", "inherent", "JJ", 1, 1432], [59, "characteristic", "characteristic", "NN", 1, 1433], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1434], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1435], [69, "global", "global", "JJ", 1, 1436], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 1437], [103, "system", "system", "NN", 1, 1438], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1439], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 1440], [405, "multiple", "multiple", "JJ", 1, 1441], [406, "intertwined", "intertwined", "JJ", 1, 1442], [257, "causes", "cause", "NNS", 1, 1443], [407, "operating", "operate", "VBG", 1, 1444], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 1445], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 1446], [408, "spectrum", "spectrum", "NN", 1, 1447], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1448], [2, "spatial", "spatial", "JJ", 1, 1449], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1450], [409, "temporal", "temporal", "JJ", 1, 1451], [410, "scales", "scale", "NNS", 1, 1452], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1453]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b50c6884ea05635fa972df05b9a4e9cf71a1ad0a"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 1454], [38, "include", "include", "VBP", 1, 1455], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1456], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 1457], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 1458], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 1459], [222, "limited", "limit", "VBN", 1, 1460], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 1461], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1462], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 1463], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1464], [411, "sea", "sea", "NN", 1, 1465], [412, "ice", "ice", "NN", 1, 1466], [328, "extent", "extent", "NN", 1, 1467], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 1468], [381, "impact", "impact", "NN", 1, 1469], [413, "heat", "heat", "NN", 1, 1470], [414, "fluxes", "flux", "NNS", 1, 1471], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 1472], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1473], [415, "ocean", "ocean", "NN", 1, 1474], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1475], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1476], [268, "atmosphere", "atmosphere", "NN", 1, 1477], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1478], [81, "atmospheric", "atmospheric", "JJ", 1, 1479], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1480], [416, "oceanic", "oceanic", "JJ", 1, 1481], [413, "heat", "heat", "NN", 1, 1482], [417, "transports", "transport", "NNS", 1, 1483], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1484], [418, "cloud", "cloud", "NN", 1, 1485], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 1486], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1487], [419, "water", "water", "NN", 1, 1488], [420, "vapor", "vapor", "NN", 1, 1489], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 1490], [371, "alter", "alter", "VBP", 1, 1491], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1492], [421, "longwave", "longwave", "NN", 1, 1493], [422, "radiation", "radiation", "NN", 1, 1494], [414, "flux", "flux", "NN", 1, 1495], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 1496], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1497], [389, "surface", "surface", "NN", 1, 1498], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1499], [423, "soot", "soot", "NN", 1, 1500], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 1501], [424, "snow", "snow", "NN", 1, 1502], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1503], [425, "heightened", "heighten", "VBD", 1, 1504], [426, "black", "black", "JJ", 1, 1505], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 1506], [136, "aerosol", "aerosol", "JJ", 1, 1507], [301, "concentrations", "concentration", "NNS", 1, 1508], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1509]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8e2116946e008e7606519330050381eb55cdcb82"}
{"graf": [[427, "Strong", "strong", "JJ", 1, 1510], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 1511], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 1512], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1513], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 1514], [415, "Ocean", "ocean", "NNP", 1, 1515], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 1516], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1517], [331, "past", "past", "JJ", 1, 1518], [195, "decade", "decade", "NN", 1, 1519], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1520], [428, "autumn", "autumn", "NN", 1, 1521], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1522], [429, "winter", "winter", "NN", 1, 1523], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1524], [0, "clearly", "clearly", "RB", 0, 1525], [430, "associated", "associate", "VBN", 1, 1526], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 1527], [431, "reduced", "reduced", "JJ", 1, 1528], [411, "sea", "sea", "NN", 1, 1529], [412, "ice", "ice", "NN", 1, 1530], [328, "extent", "extent", "NN", 1, 1531], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1532], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 1533], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 1534], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1535], [0, "most", "most", "RBS", 0, 1536], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 1537], [432, "manifestation", "manifestation", "NN", 1, 1538], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1539], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1540], [433, "phenomenon", "phenomenon", "NN", 1, 1541], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1542]], "id": "0", "sha1": "4594025a8c6aa9a896dde887df038e7a369640aa"}
{"graf": [[0, "Indeed", "indeed", "RB", 0, 1543], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1544], [434, "periods", "period", "NNS", 1, 1545], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1546], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 1547], [382, "amplification", "amplification", "NN", 1, 1548], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 1549], [435, "evident", "evident", "JJ", 1, 1550], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 1551], [1, "analysis", "analysis", "NN", 1, 1552], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1553], [0, "both", "both", "CC", 0, 1554], [248, "warm", "warm", "JJ", 1, 1555], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1556], [436, "cool", "cool", "JJ", 1, 1557], [434, "periods", "period", "NNS", 1, 1558], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 1559], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 1560], [261, "least", "least", "JJS", 1, 1561], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1562], [331, "past", "past", "JJ", 1, 1563], [0, "three", "three", "CD", 0, 1564], [0, "million", "million", "CD", 0, 1565], [332, "years", "year", "NNS", 1, 1566], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1567]], "id": "0", "sha1": "3ed0c9c5bf327b24143f72d4580a6b134cc42e2b"}
{"graf": [[101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 1568], [382, "amplification", "amplification", "NN", 1, 1569], [9, "being", "be", "VBG", 1, 1570], [244, "observed", "observe", "VBN", 1, 1571], [437, "today", "today", "NN", 1, 1572], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 1573], [327, "expected", "expect", "VBN", 1, 1574], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 1575], [294, "become", "become", "VB", 1, 1576], [438, "stronger", "stronger", "JJR", 1, 1577], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1578], [439, "coming", "come", "VBG", 1, 1579], [195, "decades", "decade", "NNS", 1, 1580], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1581], [440, "invoking", "invoke", "VBG", 1, 1582], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 1583], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1584], [81, "atmospheric", "atmospheric", "JJ", 1, 1585], [441, "circulation", "circulation", "NN", 1, 1586], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1587], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 1588], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1589], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1590], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 1591], [442, "cycle", "cycle", "NN", 1, 1592], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1593], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 1594], [381, "impacts", "impact", "NNS", 1, 1595], [0, "both", "both", "CC", 0, 1596], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 1597], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1598], [0, "beyond", "beyond", "IN", 0, 1599], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1600], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 1601], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1602]], "id": "0", "sha1": "7703562cf43ab57afc9ebaa252ec476726c367e5"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 1603], [0, "2011", "2011", "CD", 0, 1604], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 1605], [0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 1606], [443, "Circumpolar", "circumpolar", "NNP", 1, 1607], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 1608], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 1609], [444, "map", "map", "NN", 1, 1610], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1611]], "id": "0", "sha1": "fd7b0972c158abbd14e714fef7f3f8421352c3e0"}
{"graf": [[445, "Question", "question", "NN", 1, 1612], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 1613], [0, "What", "what", "WP", 0, 1614], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 1615], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1616], [117, "major", "major", "JJ", 1, 1617], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 1618], [48, "units", "unit", "NNS", 1, 1619], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1620], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1621], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 1622], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1623], [0, "what", "what", "WP", 0, 1624], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 1625], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 1626], [123, "composition", "composition", "NN", 1, 1627], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1628], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1629], [0, "how", "how", "WRB", 0, 1630], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 1631], [0, "they", "they", "PRP", 0, 1632], [446, "distributed", "distribute", "VBN", 1, 1633], [0, "among", "among", "IN", 0, 1634], [117, "major", "major", "JJ", 1, 1635], [447, "bioclimate", "bioclimate", "JJ", 1, 1636], [448, "subzones", "subzone", "NNS", 1, 1637], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1638], [449, "countries", "country", "NNS", 1, 1639], [0, "?", "?", ".", 0, 1640]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c478e486b43c30309252ba0633da339c6b459372"}
{"graf": [[223, "Location", "location", "NN", 1, 1641], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 1642], [0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 1643], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 1644], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 1645], [183, "region", "region", "NN", 1, 1646], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1647], [45, "north", "north", "NN", 1, 1648], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1649], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1650], [450, "tree", "tree", "NN", 1, 1651], [451, "line", "line", "NN", 1, 1652], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1653]], "id": "0", "sha1": "1221712662d85aa06550108de08cae5a3db1c932"}
{"graf": [[452, "Methods", "method", "NNS", 1, 1654], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 1655]], "id": "0", "sha1": "01a46fb52f0c14f92da476120be7afe1ef1ec52d"}
{"graf": [[0, "A", "a", "DT", 0, 1656], [453, "photo-interpretive", "photo-interpretive", "NN", 1, 1657], [454, "approach", "approach", "NN", 1, 1658], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 1659], [4, "used", "use", "VBN", 1, 1660], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 1661], [455, "delineate", "delineate", "VB", 1, 1662], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1663], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 1664], [0, "onto", "onto", "IN", 0, 1665], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 1666], [456, "Advanced", "advanced", "NNP", 1, 1667], [457, "Very", "very", "NNP", 1, 1668], [180, "High", "high", "NNP", 1, 1669], [458, "Resolution", "resolution", "NNP", 1, 1670], [459, "Radiometer", "radiometer", "NNP", 1, 1671], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 1672], [460, "AVHRR", "avhrr", "NNP", 1, 1673], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 1674], [226, "base", "base", "NN", 1, 1675], [461, "image", "image", "NN", 1, 1676], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1677]], "id": "0", "sha1": "75253b793ba50d378e428ca79d39f5f66f147fe7"}
{"graf": [[462, "Mapping", "mapping", "NN", 1, 1678], [463, "experts", "expert", "NNS", 1, 1679], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 1680], [0, "nine", "nine", "CD", 0, 1681], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 1682], [183, "regions", "region", "NNS", 1, 1683], [464, "prepared", "prepare", "VBD", 1, 1684], [465, "draft", "draft", "NN", 1, 1685], [444, "maps", "map", "NNS", 1, 1686], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 1687], [466, "geographic", "geographic", "JJ", 1, 1688], [467, "information", "information", "NN", 1, 1689], [468, "technology", "technology", "NN", 1, 1690], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 1691], [469, "ArcInfo", "arcinfo", "NNP", 1, 1692], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 1693], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1694], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 1695], [470, "portion", "portion", "NN", 1, 1696], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1697], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1698], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 1699], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1700], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1701], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 1702], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 1703], [0, "later", "later", "RB", 0, 1704], [471, "synthesized", "synthesize", "VBN", 1, 1705], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 1706], [23, "make", "make", "VB", 1, 1707], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1708], [472, "final", "final", "JJ", 1, 1709], [444, "map", "map", "NN", 1, 1710], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1711]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f776d54cec13dc5b3039261ea3d92d47071eb4f7"}
{"graf": [[169, "Area", "area", "VB", 1, 1712], [1, "analysis", "analysis", "NN", 1, 1713], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1714], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1715], [444, "map", "map", "NN", 1, 1716], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 1717], [179, "done", "do", "VBN", 1, 1718], [473, "according", "accord", "VBG", 1, 1719], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 1720], [447, "bioclimate", "bioclimate", "JJ", 1, 1721], [448, "subzones", "subzone", "NNS", 1, 1722], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1723], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1724], [449, "country", "country", "NN", 1, 1725], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1726]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e4c311fc01e55719fcb46da21a5da61fddc690e3"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 1727], [474, "integrated", "integrated", "JJ", 1, 1728], [462, "mapping", "mapping", "NN", 1, 1729], [475, "procedures", "procedure", "NNS", 1, 1730], [55, "resulted", "result", "VBD", 1, 1731], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1732], [131, "other", "other", "JJ", 1, 1733], [444, "maps", "map", "NNS", 1, 1734], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1735], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 1736], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1737], [476, "topography", "topography", "NN", 1, 1738], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1739], [167, "soils", "soil", "NNS", 1, 1740], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1741], [477, "landscapes", "landscape", "NNS", 1, 1742], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1743], [478, "lake", "lake", "NN", 1, 1744], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 1745], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1746], [479, "substrate", "substrate", "NN", 1, 1747], [480, "pH", "ph", "NNP", 1, 1748], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1749], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1750], [0, "above-ground", "above-ground", "IN", 0, 1751], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 1752], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1753]], "id": "0", "sha1": "972b494b9b30bab1bd95471bd2ffefd8eef71da4"}
{"graf": [[55, "Results", "result", "NNS", 1, 1754], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 1755]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d575e92f6e78dfc9ee7b6d9f6680fd8e354625d8"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 1756], [472, "final", "final", "JJ", 1, 1757], [444, "map", "map", "NN", 1, 1758], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 1759], [481, "published", "publish", "VBN", 1, 1760], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 1761], [0, "1:7", "1:7", "CD", 0, 1762], [0, "500", "500", "CD", 0, 1763], [0, "000", "000", "CD", 0, 1764], [410, "scale", "scale", "NN", 1, 1765], [444, "map", "map", "NN", 1, 1766], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1767]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0693f94877c5b3306c146b5bb3a89cb41179275b"}
{"graf": [[0, "Within", "within", "IN", 0, 1768], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1769], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 1770], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 1771], [482, "total", "total", "JJ", 1, 1772], [169, "area", "area", "NN", 1, 1773], [0, "=", "=", ".", 0, 1774], [0, "7.11", "7.11", "CD", 0, 1775], [0, "x", "x", ".", 0, 1776], [0, "106", "106", "CD", 0, 1777], [340, "km", "km", "NN", 1, 1778], [0, "2", "2", "CD", 0, 1779], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 1780], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1781], [0, "about", "about", "IN", 0, 1782], [0, "5.05", "5.05", "CD", 0, 1783], [0, "\u00d7", "\u00d7", ".", 0, 1784], [0, "106", "106", "CD", 0, 1785], [483, "km2", "km2", "NN", 1, 1786], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 1787], [484, "vegetated", "vegetate", "VBN", 1, 1788], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1789]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8666e4442d1064060fec1e1c83f0c13e1e08aefb"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 1790], [485, "remainder", "remainder", "NN", 1, 1791], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 1792], [412, "ice", "ice", "NN", 1, 1793], [250, "covered", "cover", "VBN", 1, 1794], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1795]], "id": "0", "sha1": "99008fab04cc8db12461874629979f7d05db69e3"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 1796], [444, "map", "map", "NN", 1, 1797], [486, "legend", "legend", "NN", 1, 1798], [0, "generally", "generally", "RB", 0, 1799], [487, "portrays", "portray", "VBZ", 1, 1800], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1801], [488, "zonal", "zonal", "JJ", 1, 1802], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 1803], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 1804], [0, "each", "each", "DT", 0, 1805], [444, "map", "map", "NN", 1, 1806], [489, "polygon", "polygon", "NN", 1, 1807], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1808]], "id": "0", "sha1": "92009e5ef6588e6c622acb0e0a443badde2c8272"}
{"graf": [[0, "About", "about", "IN", 0, 1809], [0, "26%", "26%", "CD", 0, 1810], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1811], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1812], [490, "vegetated", "vegetated", "JJ", 1, 1813], [169, "area", "area", "NN", 1, 1814], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 1815], [491, "erect", "erect", "JJ", 1, 1816], [492, "shrublands", "shrubland", "NNS", 1, 1817], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1818], [0, "18%", "18%", "CD", 0, 1819], [493, "peaty", "peaty", "NN", 1, 1820], [252, "graminoid", "graminoid", "NN", 1, 1821], [213, "tundras", "tundra", "NNS", 1, 1822], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1823], [0, "13%", "13%", "CD", 0, 1824], [494, "mountain", "mountain", "NN", 1, 1825], [495, "complexes", "complex", "NNS", 1, 1826], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1827], [0, "12%", "12%", "CD", 0, 1828], [496, "barrens", "barren", "NNS", 1, 1829], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1830], [0, "11%", "11%", "CD", 0, 1831], [497, "mineral", "mineral", "NN", 1, 1832], [252, "graminoid", "graminoid", "NN", 1, 1833], [213, "tundras", "tundra", "NNS", 1, 1834], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1835], [0, "11%", "11%", "CD", 0, 1836], [498, "prostrate-shrub", "prostrate-shrub", "JJ", 1, 1837], [499, "tundras", "tundras", "NN", 1, 1838], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1839], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1840], [0, "7%", "7%", "CD", 0, 1841], [500, "wetlands", "wetland", "NNS", 1, 1842], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1843]], "id": "0", "sha1": "dbff84a611075e320d99e0f54bed93cb5299c6b0"}
{"graf": [[362, "Canada", "canada", "NNP", 1, 1844], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 1845], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 1846], [0, "far", "far", "RB", 0, 1847], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1848], [221, "most", "most", "JJS", 1, 1849], [501, "terrain", "terrain", "NN", 1, 1850], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1851], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1852], [180, "High", "high", "JJ", 1, 1853], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 1854], [0, "mostly", "mostly", "RB", 0, 1855], [430, "associated", "associate", "VBN", 1, 1856], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 1857], [502, "abundant", "abundant", "JJ", 1, 1858], [496, "barren", "barren", "NN", 1, 1859], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 1860], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1861], [503, "prostrate", "prostrate", "JJ", 1, 1862], [504, "dwarf-shrub", "dwarf-shrub", "NN", 1, 1863], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 1864], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1865], [0, "whereas", "whereas", "IN", 0, 1866], [364, "Russia", "russia", "NNP", 1, 1867], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 1868], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1869], [505, "largest", "largest", "JJS", 1, 1870], [169, "area", "area", "NN", 1, 1871], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1872], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1873], [203, "Low", "low", "JJ", 1, 1874], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 1875], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1876], [0, "predominantly", "predominantly", "RB", 0, 1877], [506, "low-shrub", "low-shrub", "JJ", 1, 1878], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 1879], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1880]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b926d6c5c94b105e4939eb55e3a21407d4296484"}
{"graf": [[507, "Conclusions", "conclusion", "NNS", 1, 1881], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 1882], [0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 1883], [508, "CAVM", "cavm", "NNP", 1, 1884], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 1885], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1886], [156, "first", "first", "JJ", 1, 1887], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 1888], [444, "map", "map", "NN", 1, 1889], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1890], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 1891], [509, "entire", "entire", "JJ", 1, 1892], [69, "global", "global", "JJ", 1, 1893], [214, "biome", "biome", "NN", 1, 1894], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 1895], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 1896], [510, "comparable", "comparable", "JJ", 1, 1897], [458, "resolution", "resolution", "NN", 1, 1898], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1899]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d418d4a89259fb34accf6c1dfd201709a486214c"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 1900], [359, "consistent", "consistent", "JJ", 1, 1901], [239, "treatment", "treatment", "NN", 1, 1902], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 1903], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1904], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 1905], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 1906], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1907], [443, "circumpolar", "circumpolar", "JJ", 1, 1908], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 1909], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1910], [502, "abundant", "abundant", "JJ", 1, 1911], [511, "ancillary", "ancillary", "JJ", 1, 1912], [512, "material", "material", "NN", 1, 1913], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1914], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1915], [513, "digital", "digital", "JJ", 1, 1916], [514, "database", "database", "NN", 1, 1917], [0, "should", "should", "MD", 0, 1918], [515, "promote", "promote", "VB", 1, 1919], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1920], [516, "application", "application", "NN", 1, 1921], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 1922], [517, "numerous", "numerous", "JJ", 1, 1923], [518, "land-use", "land-use", "NN", 1, 1924], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1925], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1926], [519, "climate-change", "climate-change", "NN", 1, 1927], [516, "applications", "application", "NNS", 1, 1928], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1929], [0, "will", "will", "MD", 0, 1930], [23, "make", "make", "VB", 1, 1931], [520, "updating", "updating", "NN", 1, 1932], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 1933], [444, "map", "map", "NN", 1, 1934], [0, "relatively", "relatively", "RB", 0, 1935], [521, "easy", "easy", "JJ", 1, 1936], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1937]], "id": "0", "sha1": "6cee16dbfdbabedcf03702dc512674ce432c5d67"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 1938], [522, "IAVS", "iavs", "NNP", 1, 1939], [0, ";", ";", ".", 0, 1940], [523, "Opulus", "opulus", "NNP", 1, 1941], [524, "Press", "press", "NNP", 1, 1942], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 1943], [207, "Shrub", "shrub", "NNP", 1, 1944], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 1945], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1946], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 1947], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 1948], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 1949], [525, "Dynamics", "dynamic", "NNS", 1, 1950], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1951], [381, "impacts", "impact", "NNS", 1, 1952], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1953], [323, "research", "research", "NN", 1, 1954], [526, "priorities", "priority", "NNS", 1, 1955], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1956]], "id": "0", "sha1": "80b9fca4db64d41f6683ea7b0806ceaedb65351d"}
{"graf": [[215, "Recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 1957], [323, "research", "research", "NN", 1, 1958], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 1959], [329, "repeat", "repeat", "NN", 1, 1960], [330, "photography", "photography", "NN", 1, 1961], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1962], [137, "long-term", "long-term", "JJ", 1, 1963], [205, "ecological", "ecological", "JJ", 1, 1964], [527, "monitoring", "monitoring", "NN", 1, 1965], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1966], [528, "dendrochronology", "dendrochronology", "NN", 1, 1967], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 1968], [529, "documented", "document", "VBN", 1, 1969], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 1970], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 1971], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 1972], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 1973], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1974], [530, "high-latitude", "high-latitude", "JJ", 1, 1975], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1976], [531, "alpine", "alpine", "JJ", 1, 1977], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 1978], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 1979], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 1980]], "id": "0", "sha1": "14fca26641c3d16b7b0239feeb7896670b877bea"}
{"graf": [[0, "Here", "here", "RB", 0, 1981], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1982], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 1983], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 1984], [532, "1)synthesize", "1)synthesize", "VB", 1, 1985], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 1986], [533, "findings", "finding", "NNS", 1, 1987], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 1988], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 1989], [0, "2)present", "2)present", "FW", 0, 1990], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 1991], [534, "conceptual", "conceptual", "JJ", 1, 1992], [290, "framework", "framework", "NN", 1, 1993], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 1994], [19, "identifies", "identify", "VBZ", 1, 1995], [108, "mechanisms", "mechanism", "NNS", 1, 1996], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 1997], [535, "constraints", "constraint", "NNS", 1, 1998], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 1999], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 2000], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 2001], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2002], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 2003], [0, "3)explore", "3)explore", "FW", 0, 2004], [257, "causes", "cause", "NNS", 1, 2005], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2006], [536, "feedbacks", "feedback", "NNS", 1, 2007], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2008], [266, "implications", "implication", "NNS", 1, 2009], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2010], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2011], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 2012], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 2013], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 2014], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 2015], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 2016], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 2017], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2018], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2019], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 2020], [537, "4)address", "4)address", "JJ", 1, 2021], [313, "potential", "potential", "JJ", 1, 2022], [451, "lines", "line", "NNS", 1, 2023], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2024], [538, "investigation", "investigation", "NN", 1, 2025], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 2026], [112, "future", "future", "JJ", 1, 2027], [323, "research", "research", "NN", 1, 2028], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2029]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ab7b7ccd497827b7600eef66f7f025a0ab34dc82"}
{"graf": [[539, "Satellite", "satellite", "NNP", 1, 2030], [216, "observations", "observation", "NNS", 1, 2031], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 2032], [0, "around", "around", "IN", 0, 2033], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2034], [443, "circumpolar", "circumpolar", "JJ", 1, 2035], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 2036], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2037], [68, "showing", "show", "VBG", 1, 2038], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 2039], [540, "productivity", "productivity", "NN", 1, 2040], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2041], [13, "measured", "measure", "VBN", 1, 2042], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 2043], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 2044], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 2045], [541, "greenness", "greenness", "NN", 1, 2046], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2047], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 2048], [542, "coincided", "coincide", "VBN", 1, 2049], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 2050], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 2051], [31, "general", "general", "JJ", 1, 2052], [275, "rise", "rise", "NN", 1, 2053], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 2054], [530, "high-latitude", "high-latitude", "JJ", 1, 2055], [241, "air", "air", "NN", 1, 2056], [242, "temperatures", "temperature", "NNS", 1, 2057], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2058], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 2059], [9, "been", "be", "VBN", 1, 2060], [0, "partly", "partly", "RB", 0, 2061], [543, "attributed", "attribute", "VBN", 1, 2062], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 2063], [139, "increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 2064], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 2065], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 2066], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 2067], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2068]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b034a3c3e97a92129aeba615b510ca7fb52e5f0d"}
{"graf": [[39, "Studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 2069], [56, "indicate", "indicate", "VBP", 1, 2070], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 2071], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 2072], [242, "temperatures", "temperature", "NNS", 1, 2073], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2074], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 2075], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 2076], [424, "snow", "snow", "NN", 1, 2077], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 2078], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2079], [371, "altered", "alter", "VBN", 1, 2080], [147, "disturbance", "disturbance", "NN", 1, 2081], [544, "regimes", "regime", "NNS", 1, 2082], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 2083], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 2084], [55, "result", "result", "NN", 1, 2085], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2086], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "JJ", 1, 2087], [546, "thaw", "thaw", "NN", 1, 2088], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2089], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 2090], [547, "fires", "fire", "NNS", 1, 2091], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2092], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2093], [548, "anthropogenic", "anthropogenic", "JJ", 1, 2094], [549, "activities", "activity", "NNS", 1, 2095], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 2096], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 2097], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 2098], [550, "herbivory", "herbivory", "JJ", 1, 2099], [551, "intensity", "intensity", "NN", 1, 2100], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 2101], [0, "all", "all", "DT", 0, 2102], [552, "contributing", "contribute", "VBG", 1, 2103], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 2104], [244, "observed", "observe", "VBN", 1, 2105], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 2106], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 2107], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 2108], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 2109], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2110]], "id": "0", "sha1": "a0afe6209203ad68d482ef7301da2883a125f241"}
{"graf": [[553, "Alarge-scale", "alarge-scale", "NN", 1, 2111], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 2112], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 2113], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 2114], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 2115], [0, "will", "will", "MD", 0, 2116], [121, "change", "change", "VB", 1, 2117], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2118], [554, "structure", "structure", "NN", 1, 2119], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2120], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 2121], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 2122], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2123], [371, "alter", "alter", "VB", 1, 2124], [555, "energy", "energy", "NN", 1, 2125], [414, "fluxes", "flux", "NNS", 1, 2126], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2127], [556, "regional", "regional", "JJ", 1, 2128], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 2129], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2130], [557, "soilatmosphere", "soilatmosphere", "JJ", 1, 2131], [558, "exchange", "exchange", "NN", 1, 2132], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2133], [419, "water", "water", "NN", 1, 2134], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2135], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 2136], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2137], [559, "nutrients", "nutrient", "NNS", 1, 2138], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2139], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2140], [205, "ecological", "ecological", "JJ", 1, 2141], [128, "interactions", "interaction", "NNS", 1, 2142], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 2143], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 2144], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2145]], "id": "0", "sha1": "813ea1db520bcf0c867a5170fee4d6e7f3df2f25"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 2146], [58, "order", "order", "NN", 1, 2147], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 2148], [560, "project", "project", "VB", 1, 2149], [112, "future", "future", "JJ", 1, 2150], [115, "rates", "rate", "NNS", 1, 2151], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2152], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 2153], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 2154], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2155], [561, "understand", "understand", "VB", 1, 2156], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2157], [536, "feedbacks", "feedback", "NNS", 1, 2158], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 2159], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 2160], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2161], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 2162], [267, "processes", "process", "NNS", 1, 2163], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2164], [112, "future", "future", "JJ", 1, 2165], [323, "research", "research", "NN", 1, 2166], [0, "should", "should", "MD", 0, 2167], [562, "investigate", "investigate", "VB", 1, 2168], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2169], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 2170], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 2171], [563, "trait-specific", "trait-specific", "NN", 1, 2172], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 2173], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2174], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 2175], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 2176], [218, "climate", "climate", "VB", 1, 2177], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 2178], [38, "including", "include", "VBG", 1, 2179], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 2180], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 2181], [0, "1)the", "1)the", "DT", 0, 2182], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 2183], [564, "sensitivity", "sensitivity", "NN", 1, 2184], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2185], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 2186], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 2187], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2188], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 2189], [566, "2)factors", "2)factor", "NNS", 1, 2190], [567, "controlling", "control", "VBG", 1, 2191], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2192], [568, "recruitment", "recruitment", "NN", 1, 2193], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2194], [289, "new", "new", "JJ", 1, 2195], [569, "individuals", "individual", "NNS", 1, 2196], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2197], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2198], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 2199], [0, "3)the", "3)the", "DT", 0, 2200], [570, "relative", "relative", "JJ", 1, 2201], [571, "influence", "influence", "NN", 1, 2202], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2203], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2204], [572, "positive", "positive", "JJ", 1, 2205], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2206], [138, "negative", "negative", "JJ", 1, 2207], [536, "feedbacks", "feedback", "NNS", 1, 2208], [236, "involved", "involve", "VBN", 1, 2209], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 2210], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 2211], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 2212], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2213]], "id": "0", "sha1": "41497e17992f75958f37e1b74ab4357f53bc20ec"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 2214], [0, "2011", "2011", "CD", 0, 2215], [573, "IOP", "iop", "NNP", 1, 2216], [379, "Publishing", "publishing", "NNP", 1, 2217], [380, "Ltd", "ltd", "NNP", 1, 2218], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 2219], [429, "Winter", "winter", "JJ", 1, 2220], [574, "biological", "biological", "JJ", 1, 2221], [267, "processes", "process", "NNS", 1, 2222], [0, "could", "could", "MD", 0, 2223], [173, "help", "help", "VB", 1, 2224], [575, "convert", "convert", "VB", 1, 2225], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 2226], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 2227], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 2228], [492, "shrubland", "shrubland", "VB", 1, 2229], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2230]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f7d9c04ca8e7234d591738a4d5d5b89ff24a829f"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 2231], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 2232], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 2233], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2234], [241, "air", "air", "NN", 1, 2235], [242, "temperatures", "temperature", "NNS", 1, 2236], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 2237], [248, "warmed", "warm", "VBN", 1, 2238], [0, "0.5", "0.5", "CD", 0, 2239], [576, "degrees", "degree", "NNS", 1, 2240], [577, "Celsius", "celsius", "NNP", 1, 2241], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 2242], [578, "\u00b0C", "\u00b0c", "NNP", 1, 2243], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 2244], [0, "per", "per", "IN", 0, 2245], [195, "decade", "decade", "NN", 1, 2246], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 2247], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2248], [331, "past", "past", "JJ", 1, 2249], [0, "30", "30", "CD", 0, 2250], [332, "years", "year", "NNS", 1, 2251], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2252], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 2253], [221, "most", "most", "JJS", 1, 2254], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2255], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2256], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 2257], [439, "coming", "come", "VBG", 1, 2258], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 2259], [429, "winter", "winter", "NN", 1, 2260], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2261]], "id": "0", "sha1": "6053b2ee00a980bddfd43482b62eca494681a957"}
{"graf": [[0, "Over", "over", "IN", 0, 2262], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2263], [354, "same", "same", "JJ", 1, 2264], [434, "period", "period", "NN", 1, 2265], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2266], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 2267], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 2268], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 2269], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 2270], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2271], [0, "perhaps", "perhaps", "RB", 0, 2272], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 2273], [579, "harbinger", "harbinger", "NN", 1, 2274], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2275], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 2276], [580, "conversion", "conversion", "NN", 1, 2277], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2278], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 2279], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 2280], [492, "shrubland", "shrubland", "NN", 1, 2281], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2282]], "id": "0", "sha1": "04fa1e9403e90f37917b68be42835126d8044d91"}
{"graf": [[91, "Evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 2283], [367, "suggests", "suggest", "VBZ", 1, 2284], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 2285], [429, "winter", "winter", "NN", 1, 2286], [574, "biological", "biological", "JJ", 1, 2287], [267, "processes", "process", "NNS", 1, 2288], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 2289], [552, "contributing", "contribute", "VBG", 1, 2290], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 2291], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 2292], [580, "conversion", "conversion", "NN", 1, 2293], [0, "through", "through", "IN", 0, 2294], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 2295], [572, "positive", "positive", "JJ", 1, 2296], [536, "feedback", "feedback", "NN", 1, 2297], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 2298], [236, "involves", "involve", "VBZ", 1, 2299], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2300], [581, "snow-holding", "snow-hold", "NN", 1, 2301], [582, "capacity", "capacity", "NN", 1, 2302], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2303], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 2304], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2305], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2306], [583, "insulating", "insulate", "VBG", 1, 2307], [18, "properties", "property", "NNS", 1, 2308], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2309], [424, "snow", "snow", "NN", 1, 2310], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2311], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 2312], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 2313], [584, "layer", "layer", "NN", 1, 2314], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 2315], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 2316], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 2317], [180, "high", "high", "JJ", 1, 2318], [419, "water", "water", "NN", 1, 2319], [585, "content", "content", "NN", 1, 2320], [0, "because", "because", "IN", 0, 2321], [0, "it", "it", "PRP", 0, 2322], [586, "overlies", "overlie", "VBZ", 1, 2323], [0, "nearly", "nearly", "RB", 0, 2324], [587, "impermeable", "impermeable", "JJ", 1, 2325], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "NN", 1, 2326], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2327], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2328], [588, "hardy", "hardy", "JJ", 1, 2329], [589, "microbes", "microbe", "NNS", 1, 2330], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 2331], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 2332], [590, "maintain", "maintain", "VB", 1, 2333], [591, "metabolic", "metabolic", "JJ", 1, 2334], [549, "activity", "activity", "NN", 1, 2335], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 2336], [242, "temperatures", "temperature", "NNS", 1, 2337], [0, "of-6\u00b0C", "of-6\u00b0c", "CD", 0, 2338], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 2339], [592, "lower", "lower", "JJR", 1, 2340], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2341]], "id": "0", "sha1": "84ad080574a091bec3b3488ad2b2b9320b515ce7"}
{"graf": [[139, "Increasing", "increase", "VBG", 1, 2342], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 2343], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 2344], [129, "leads", "lead", "VBZ", 1, 2345], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 2346], [593, "deeper", "deeper", "JJR", 1, 2347], [424, "snow", "snow", "NN", 1, 2348], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2349], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 2350], [515, "promotes", "promote", "VBZ", 1, 2351], [594, "higher", "higher", "JJR", 1, 2352], [429, "winter", "winter", "NN", 1, 2353], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 2354], [242, "temperatures", "temperature", "NNS", 1, 2355], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2356], [595, "greater", "greater", "JJR", 1, 2357], [596, "microbial", "microbial", "JJ", 1, 2358], [549, "activity", "activity", "NN", 1, 2359], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2360], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2361], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 2362], [597, "plant-available", "plant-available", "NN", 1, 2363], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 2364], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2365]], "id": "0", "sha1": "4729c6c35f35b3fdebd6018606dde358c72e2288"}
{"graf": [[180, "High", "high", "JJ", 1, 2366], [598, "levels", "level", "NNS", 1, 2367], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2368], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 2369], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 2370], [599, "favor", "favor", "NN", 1, 2371], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 2372], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 2373], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2374], [600, "following", "follow", "VBG", 1, 2375], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 2376], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2377]], "id": "0", "sha1": "376d968b3d4dda21a6a77908a59796515440f8f6"}
{"graf": [[0, "With", "with", "IN", 0, 2378], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 2379], [317, "models", "model", "NNS", 1, 2380], [243, "predicting", "predict", "VBG", 1, 2381], [370, "continued", "continue", "VBN", 1, 2382], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 2383], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2384], [602, "large", "large", "JJ", 1, 2385], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 2386], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2387], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 2388], [0, "could", "could", "MD", 0, 2389], [294, "become", "become", "VB", 1, 2390], [603, "converted", "converted", "JJ", 1, 2391], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 2392], [492, "shrubland", "shrubland", "NN", 1, 2393], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2394], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 2395], [429, "winter", "winter", "NN", 1, 2396], [267, "processes", "process", "NNS", 1, 2397], [0, "like", "like", "IN", 0, 2398], [0, "those", "those", "DT", 0, 2399], [604, "described", "describe", "VBN", 1, 2400], [0, "here", "here", "RB", 0, 2401], [0, "possibly", "possibly", "RB", 0, 2402], [151, "playing", "play", "VBG", 1, 2403], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 2404], [170, "critical", "critical", "JJ", 1, 2405], [153, "role", "role", "NN", 1, 2406], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 2407]], "id": "0", "sha1": "a1d6f9a394d1b4b6861fc6f2d420d906a21c2e13"}
{"graf": [[69, "Global", "global", "JJ", 1, 2408], [73, "assessment", "assessment", "NN", 1, 2409], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2410], [211, "experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 2411], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 2412], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 2413], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 2414], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 2415], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 2416], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 2417], [164, "Heterogeneity", "heterogeneity", "NN", 1, 2418], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 2419], [605, "space", "space", "NN", 1, 2420], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2421], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 2422], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2423]], "id": "0", "sha1": "83437c46eff0f4fd167afc8553d42dd9aea0f153"}
{"graf": [[561, "Understanding", "understand", "VBG", 1, 2424], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2425], [564, "sensitivity", "sensitivity", "NN", 1, 2426], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2427], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 2428], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 2429], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 2430], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 2431], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 2432], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 2433], [170, "critical", "critical", "JJ", 1, 2434], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 2435], [607, "forecasting", "forecast", "VBG", 1, 2436], [112, "future", "future", "JJ", 1, 2437], [259, "biodiversity", "biodiversity", "NN", 1, 2438], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2439], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 2440], [536, "feedbacks", "feedback", "NNS", 1, 2441], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 2442], [218, "climate", "climate", "VB", 1, 2443], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2444]], "id": "0", "sha1": "dda443e79acdf8886e628b157b12975081b336cf"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 2445], [608, "situ", "situ", "JJ", 1, 2446], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 2447], [93, "experiments", "experiment", "NNS", 1, 2448], [609, "accelerate", "accelerate", "VB", 1, 2449], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 2450], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 2451], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 2452], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 2453], [610, "small", "small", "JJ", 1, 2454], [410, "scale", "scale", "NN", 1, 2455], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 2456], [607, "forecast", "forecast", "VB", 1, 2457], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 2458], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2459], [65, "local", "local", "JJ", 1, 2460], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 2461], [209, "communities", "community", "NNS", 1, 2462], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2463]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d4f6add08b76d3e01699d9b46faa1916e22c48b1"}
{"graf": [[274, "Limitations", "limitation", "NNS", 1, 2464], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2465], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 2466], [454, "approach", "approach", "NN", 1, 2467], [38, "include", "include", "VBP", 1, 2468], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2469], [611, "apparent", "apparent", "JJ", 1, 2470], [612, "site-specificity", "site-specificity", "NN", 1, 2471], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2472], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 2473], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2474], [287, "uncertainty", "uncertainty", "NN", 1, 2475], [0, "about", "about", "IN", 0, 2476], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2477], [613, "power", "power", "NN", 1, 2478], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2479], [614, "short-term", "short-term", "JJ", 1, 2480], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 2481], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 2482], [615, "anticipate", "anticipate", "VB", 1, 2483], [616, "longer", "longer", "JJR", 1, 2484], [262, "term", "term", "NN", 1, 2485], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 2486], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2487]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8777a4b7b7250f336f1c584734ab7b5b20bf6ff8"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 2488], [617, "address", "addres", "VBP", 1, 2489], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 2490], [279, "issues", "issue", "NNS", 1, 2491], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 2492], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 2493], [80, "synthesis", "synthesis", "NN", 1, 2494], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2495], [0, "61", "61", "CD", 0, 2496], [211, "experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 2497], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 2498], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 2499], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2500], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2501], [0, "up", "up", "IN", 0, 2502], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 2503], [0, "20years", "20years", "CD", 0, 2504], [225, "duration", "duration", "NN", 1, 2505], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2506], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 2507], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 2508], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 2509], [0, "worldwide", "worldwide", "RB", 0, 2510], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2511]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2e2495fd6d5ca97b5629424d72fafe1fcfd557cd"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 2512], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 2513], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2514], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 2515], [619, "groups", "group", "NNS", 1, 2516], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 2517], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 2518], [0, "often", "often", "RB", 0, 2519], [620, "differed", "differ", "VBD", 1, 2520], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 2521], [621, "ambient", "ambient", "JJ", 1, 2522], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 2523], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 2524], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2525], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 2526], [622, "moisture", "moisture", "NN", 1, 2527], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2528], [211, "experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 2529], [225, "duration", "duration", "NN", 1, 2530], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2531]], "id": "0", "sha1": "a3bd0fcbc181c6d78348c3141b51a19dd9270594"}
{"graf": [[207, "Shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 2532], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBD", 1, 2533], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 2534], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 2535], [0, "only", "only", "RB", 0, 2536], [0, "where", "where", "WRB", 0, 2537], [621, "ambient", "ambient", "NN", 1, 2538], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 2539], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 2540], [180, "high", "high", "JJ", 1, 2541], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2542], [0, "whereas", "whereas", "IN", 0, 2543], [252, "graminoids", "graminoid", "NNS", 1, 2544], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBD", 1, 2545], [0, "primarily", "primarily", "RB", 0, 2546], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 2547], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2548], [623, "coldest", "coldest", "JJS", 1, 2549], [39, "study", "study", "NN", 1, 2550], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 2551], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2552]], "id": "0", "sha1": "3ab7a6e8a47f4e665c531b0a47af481b43b88592"}
{"graf": [[624, "Linear", "linear", "NNP", 1, 2553], [139, "increases", "increase", "VBZ", 1, 2554], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 2555], [76, "effect", "effect", "NN", 1, 2556], [625, "size", "size", "NN", 1, 2557], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 2558], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 2559], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 2560], [0, "frequently", "frequently", "RB", 0, 2561], [244, "observed", "observe", "VBN", 1, 2562], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2563]], "id": "0", "sha1": "eb8b7cc313454072a4763c547899e1e8246057c4"}
{"graf": [[0, "There", "there", "EX", 0, 2564], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 2565], [626, "little", "little", "JJ", 1, 2566], [627, "indication", "indication", "NN", 1, 2567], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2568], [628, "saturating", "saturate", "VBG", 1, 2569], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 2570], [609, "accelerating", "accelerate", "VBG", 1, 2571], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 2572], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2573], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 2574], [0, "would", "would", "MD", 0, 2575], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 2576], [243, "predicted", "predict", "VBN", 1, 2577], [0, "if", "if", "IN", 0, 2578], [138, "negative", "negative", "JJ", 1, 2579], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 2580], [572, "positive", "positive", "JJ", 1, 2581], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 2582], [536, "feedbacks", "feedback", "NNS", 1, 2583], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 2584], [629, "common", "common", "JJ", 1, 2585], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2586]], "id": "0", "sha1": "da5d0018276ddfb471d9ca7d3723278eb1f1b992"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 2587], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 2588], [56, "indicate", "indicate", "VBP", 1, 2589], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 2590], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 2591], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 2592], [630, "exhibits", "exhibit", "VBZ", 1, 2593], [427, "strong", "strong", "JJ", 1, 2594], [556, "regional", "regional", "JJ", 1, 2595], [631, "variation", "variation", "NN", 1, 2596], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 2597], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 2598], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 2599], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 2600], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2601], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2602], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 2603], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 2604], [160, "vulnerable", "vulnerable", "JJ", 1, 2605], [183, "regions", "region", "NNS", 1, 2606], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2607], [632, "cumulative", "cumulative", "JJ", 1, 2608], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 2609], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2610], [137, "long-term", "long-term", "JJ", 1, 2611], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 2612], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 2613], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 2614], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 2615], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 2616], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2617], [430, "associated", "associate", "VBN", 1, 2618], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 2619], [633, "consequences", "consequence", "NNS", 1, 2620], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 2621], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 2622], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2623], [313, "potential", "potential", "NN", 1, 2624], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 2625], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 2626], [0, "much", "much", "RB", 0, 2627], [595, "greater", "greater", "JJR", 1, 2628], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 2629], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 2630], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 2631], [244, "observed", "observe", "VBN", 1, 2632], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 2633], [634, "date", "date", "NN", 1, 2634], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2635]], "id": "0", "sha1": "876bd390506275457bb323492c107b773007a46b"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 2636], [0, "2011", "2011", "CD", 0, 2637], [378, "Blackwell", "blackwell", "NNP", 1, 2638], [379, "Publishing", "publishing", "NNP", 1, 2639], [380, "Ltd", "ltd", "NNP", 1, 2640], [0, "/", "/", ".", 0, 2641], [635, "CNRS", "cnrs", "NNP", 1, 2642], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 2643], [636, "History", "history", "NN", 1, 2644], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2645], [637, "evolution", "evolution", "NN", 1, 2646], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2647], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2648], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 2649], [638, "flora", "flora", "NN", 1, 2650], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 2651], [0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 2652], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2653], [639, "footsteps", "footstep", "NNS", 1, 2654], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2655], [640, "Eric", "eric", "NNP", 1, 2656], [641, "Hult\u00e9n", "hult\u00e9n", "NNP", 1, 2657], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2658]], "id": "0", "sha1": "9690ce85fea283cddf6d64f5f4e42d963ab9e845"}
{"graf": [[0, "A", "a", "DT", 0, 2659], [117, "major", "major", "JJ", 1, 2660], [642, "contribution", "contribution", "NN", 1, 2661], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 2662], [0, "our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 2663], [643, "initial", "initial", "JJ", 1, 2664], [386, "understanding", "understanding", "NN", 1, 2665], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2666], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2667], [644, "origin", "origin", "NN", 1, 2668], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2669], [636, "history", "history", "NN", 1, 2670], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2671], [645, "biogeography", "biogeography", "NN", 1, 2672], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2673], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2674], [646, "present-day", "present-day", "JJ", 1, 2675], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 2676], [638, "flora", "flora", "NN", 1, 2677], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 2678], [23, "made", "make", "VBN", 1, 2679], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 2680], [640, "Eric", "eric", "NNP", 1, 2681], [641, "Hult\u00e9n", "hult\u00e9n", "NNP", 1, 2682], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 2683], [0, "his", "his", "PRP$", 0, 2684], [647, "landmark", "landmark", "NN", 1, 2685], [648, "book", "book", "NN", 1, 2686], [649, "Outline", "outline", "NNP", 1, 2687], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2688], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2689], [636, "History", "history", "NN", 1, 2690], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2691], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 2692], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2693], [102, "Boreal", "boreal", "NNP", 1, 2694], [376, "Biota", "biota", "NNP", 1, 2695], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 2696], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2697], [650, "Quarternary", "quarternary", "NNP", 1, 2698], [434, "Period", "period", "NNP", 1, 2699], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2700], [481, "published", "publish", "VBN", 1, 2701], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 2702], [0, "1937", "1937", "CD", 0, 2703], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2704]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8f5d57bd3d373a7850fc0806cbf2940ce36633d5"}
{"graf": [[0, "Here", "here", "RB", 0, 2705], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 2706], [651, "review", "review", "VBP", 1, 2707], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 2708], [652, "molecular", "molecular", "JJ", 1, 2709], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2710], [653, "fossil", "fossil", "JJ", 1, 2711], [91, "evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 2712], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 2713], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 2714], [319, "tested", "test", "VBN", 1, 2715], [0, "some", "some", "DT", 0, 2716], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2717], [641, "Hult\u00e9n", "hult\u00e9n", "NNP", 1, 2718], [0, "'s", "'s", "POS", 0, 2719], [654, "proposals", "proposal", "NNS", 1, 2720], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2721]], "id": "0", "sha1": "fe9c2d39c59e813438c557f4669872fdee49700a"}
{"graf": [[0, "There", "there", "EX", 0, 2722], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 2723], [0, "now", "now", "RB", 0, 2724], [655, "excellent", "excellent", "JJ", 1, 2725], [653, "fossil", "fossil", "NN", 1, 2726], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2727], [652, "molecular", "molecular", "JJ", 1, 2728], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2729], [656, "phytogeographical", "phytogeographical", "JJ", 1, 2730], [91, "evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 2731], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 2732], [657, "support", "support", "VB", 1, 2733], [641, "Hult\u00e9n", "hult\u00e9n", "NNP", 1, 2734], [0, "'s", "'s", "POS", 0, 2735], [654, "proposal", "proposal", "NN", 1, 2736], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 2737], [658, "Beringia", "beringia", "NNP", 1, 2738], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 2739], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 2740], [117, "major", "major", "JJ", 1, 2741], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 2742], [659, "refugium", "refugium", "NN", 1, 2743], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 2744], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 2745], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 2746], [0, "throughout", "throughout", "IN", 0, 2747], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2748], [660, "Quaternary", "quaternary", "NNP", 1, 2749], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2750]], "id": "0", "sha1": "cd745659b151a70baeacb7e8fc68f1cba2aecbca"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 2751], [661, "contrast", "contrast", "NN", 1, 2752], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2753], [221, "most", "most", "JJS", 1, 2754], [652, "molecular", "molecular", "JJ", 1, 2755], [91, "evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 2756], [662, "fails", "fail", "VBZ", 1, 2757], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 2758], [657, "support", "support", "VB", 1, 2759], [0, "his", "his", "PRP$", 0, 2760], [654, "proposal", "proposal", "NN", 1, 2761], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 2762], [663, "contemporary", "contemporary", "JJ", 1, 2763], [664, "east", "east", "NN", 1, 2764], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2765], [341, "west", "west", "NN", 1, 2766], [665, "Atlantic", "atlantic", "NNP", 1, 2767], [666, "populations", "population", "NNS", 1, 2768], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2769], [667, "circumarctic", "circumarctic", "NN", 1, 2770], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2771], [668, "amphi-Atlantic", "amphi-atlantic", "NN", 1, 2772], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 2773], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 2774], [9, "been", "be", "VBN", 1, 2775], [669, "separated", "separate", "VBN", 1, 2776], [0, "throughout", "throughout", "IN", 0, 2777], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2778], [660, "Quaternary", "quaternary", "NNP", 1, 2779], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2780]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c14fe289f747f287de691b3eeff8dbd2f91417cc"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 2781], [670, "fact", "fact", "NN", 1, 2782], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2783], [666, "populations", "population", "NNS", 1, 2784], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2785], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 2786], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 2787], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 2788], [671, "opposite", "opposite", "JJ", 1, 2789], [672, "sides", "side", "NNS", 1, 2790], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2791], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2792], [665, "Atlantic", "atlantic", "NNP", 1, 2793], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 2794], [0, "normally", "normally", "RB", 0, 2795], [0, "genetically", "genetically", "RB", 0, 2796], [0, "very", "very", "RB", 0, 2797], [33, "similar", "similar", "JJ", 1, 2798], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2799], [0, "thus", "thus", "RB", 0, 2800], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2801], [45, "North", "north", "NNP", 1, 2802], [665, "Atlantic", "atlantic", "NNP", 1, 2803], [179, "does", "do", "VBZ", 1, 2804], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 2805], [217, "appear", "appear", "VB", 1, 2806], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 2807], [155, "have", "have", "VB", 1, 2808], [9, "been", "be", "VBN", 1, 2809], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 2810], [427, "strong", "strong", "JJ", 1, 2811], [673, "barrier", "barrier", "NN", 1, 2812], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 2813], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 2814], [674, "dispersal", "dispersal", "NN", 1, 2815], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 2816], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2817], [660, "Quaternary", "quaternary", "NNP", 1, 2818], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2819]], "id": "0", "sha1": "bd053e5da42bb8739f3ba15b587225469f9330cc"}
{"graf": [[641, "Hult\u00e9n", "hult\u00e9n", "NNP", 1, 2820], [23, "made", "make", "VBD", 1, 2821], [0, "no", "no", "DT", 0, 2822], [675, "detailed", "detailed", "JJ", 1, 2823], [654, "proposals", "proposal", "NNS", 1, 2824], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 2825], [108, "mechanisms", "mechanism", "NNS", 1, 2826], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2827], [676, "speciation", "speciation", "NN", 1, 2828], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 2829], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2830], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 2831], [0, ";", ";", ".", 0, 2832], [0, "however", "however", "RB", 0, 2833], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2834], [652, "molecular", "molecular", "JJ", 1, 2835], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 2836], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 2837], [677, "confirmed", "confirm", "VBN", 1, 2838], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 2839], [265, "many", "many", "JJ", 1, 2840], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 2841], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 2842], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 2843], [678, "allopolyploid", "allopolyploid", "JJ", 1, 2844], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2845], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2846], [0, "some", "some", "DT", 0, 2847], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2848], [0, "them", "them", "PRP", 0, 2849], [0, "most", "most", "RBS", 0, 2850], [0, "probably", "probably", "RB", 0, 2851], [679, "originated", "originate", "VBD", 1, 2852], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 2853], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2854], [680, "Holocene", "holocene", "NNP", 1, 2855], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2856]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d73bfeebe57becba9d2e140340ded43308cdc648"}
{"graf": [[681, "Recurrent", "recurrent", "JJ", 1, 2857], [682, "formation", "formation", "NN", 1, 2858], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2859], [683, "polyploids", "polyploid", "NNS", 1, 2860], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 2861], [684, "differentiated", "differentiate", "VBN", 1, 2862], [685, "diploid", "diploid", "NN", 1, 2863], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 2864], [148, "more", "more", "JJR", 1, 2865], [686, "low-ploid", "low-ploid", "JJ", 1, 2866], [666, "populations", "population", "NNS", 1, 2867], [263, "provides", "provide", "VBZ", 1, 2868], [0, "one", "one", "CD", 0, 2869], [687, "explanation", "explanation", "NN", 1, 2870], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 2871], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2872], [688, "intriguing", "intriguing", "JJ", 1, 2873], [689, "taxonomic", "taxonomic", "JJ", 1, 2874], [690, "complexity", "complexity", "NN", 1, 2875], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2876], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2877], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 2878], [638, "flora", "flora", "NN", 1, 2879], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2880], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 2881], [691, "noted", "note", "VBN", 1, 2882], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 2883], [641, "Hult\u00e9n", "hult\u00e9n", "NNP", 1, 2884], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2885]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e240beeeb4b4c562ea6d38870bb62f08e4cdcd74"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 2886], [229, "addition", "addition", "NN", 1, 2887], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2888], [666, "population", "population", "NN", 1, 2889], [692, "fragmentation", "fragmentation", "NN", 1, 2890], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 2891], [693, "glacial", "glacial", "JJ", 1, 2892], [434, "periods", "period", "NNS", 1, 2893], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 2894], [155, "have", "have", "VB", 1, 2895], [129, "lead", "lead", "NN", 1, 2896], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 2897], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2898], [682, "formation", "formation", "NN", 1, 2899], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2900], [289, "new", "new", "JJ", 1, 2901], [694, "sibling", "sibling", "NN", 1, 2902], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 2903], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 2904], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2905], [685, "diploid", "diploid", "JJ", 1, 2906], [598, "level", "level", "NN", 1, 2907], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2908]], "id": "0", "sha1": "7a3130dcf6dead614157830dce14d8e0eb9ded66"}
{"graf": [[0, "Despite", "despite", "IN", 0, 2909], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2910], [176, "progress", "progress", "NN", 1, 2911], [23, "made", "make", "VBD", 1, 2912], [0, "since", "since", "IN", 0, 2913], [641, "Hult\u00e9n", "hult\u00e9n", "NNP", 1, 2914], [695, "wrote", "write", "VBD", 1, 2915], [0, "his", "his", "PRP$", 0, 2916], [648, "book", "book", "NN", 1, 2917], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2918], [0, "there", "there", "EX", 0, 2919], [321, "remain", "remain", "VBP", 1, 2920], [602, "large", "large", "JJ", 1, 2921], [696, "gaps", "gap", "NNS", 1, 2922], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 2923], [0, "our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 2924], [697, "knowledge", "knowledge", "NN", 1, 2925], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2926], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2927], [636, "history", "history", "NN", 1, 2928], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2929], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2930], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 2931], [638, "flora", "flora", "NN", 1, 2932], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 2933], [0, "especially", "especially", "RB", 0, 2934], [0, "about", "about", "IN", 0, 2935], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2936], [644, "origins", "origin", "NNS", 1, 2937], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2938], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2939], [698, "founding", "found", "VBG", 1, 2940], [699, "stocks", "stock", "NNS", 1, 2941], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2942], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 2943], [638, "flora", "flora", "NN", 1, 2944], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 2945], [0, "first", "first", "RB", 0, 2946], [217, "appeared", "appear", "VBD", 1, 2947], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 2948], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2949], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 2950], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 2951], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2952], [700, "end", "end", "NN", 1, 2953], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2954], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2955], [701, "Pliocene", "pliocene", "NNP", 1, 2956], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 2957], [0, "approximately", "approximately", "RB", 0, 2958], [0, "3", "3", "CD", 0, 2959], [702, "Ma", "ma", "NNP", 1, 2960], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 2961], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 2962]], "id": "0", "sha1": "490b413f4eb1f04db185d2b1d01f50d735d807e7"}
{"graf": [[703, "Comprehensive", "comprehensive", "JJ", 1, 2963], [1, "analyses", "analysis", "NNS", 1, 2964], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2965], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 2966], [652, "molecular", "molecular", "JJ", 1, 2967], [704, "phylogeography", "phylogeography", "NN", 1, 2968], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2969], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 2970], [705, "taxa", "taxa", "NN", 1, 2971], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 2972], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 2973], [570, "relatives", "relative", "NNS", 1, 2974], [0, "together", "together", "RB", 0, 2975], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 2976], [675, "detailed", "detailed", "JJ", 1, 2977], [653, "fossil", "fossil", "NN", 1, 2978], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 2979], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 2980], [202, "required", "require", "VBN", 1, 2981], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 2982], [706, "fill", "fill", "VB", 1, 2983], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 2984], [696, "gaps", "gap", "NNS", 1, 2985], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 2986], [78, "Plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 2987], [707, "functional", "functional", "JJ", 1, 2988], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 2989], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 2990], [708, "predictors", "predictor", "NNS", 1, 2991], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2992], [709, "transient", "transient", "JJ", 1, 2993], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 2994], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 2995], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 2996], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 2997], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 2998], [69, "global", "global", "JJ", 1, 2999], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 3000], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3001]], "id": "0", "sha1": "fcddd671eb46f895b1d8d2a7bb66825eb8b95cf0"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 3002], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 3003], [707, "functional", "functional", "JJ", 1, 3004], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 3005], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 3006], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 3007], [305, "forms", "form", "NNS", 1, 3008], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 3009], [0, "traditionally", "traditionally", "RB", 0, 3010], [83, "recognized", "recognize", "VBN", 1, 3011], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 3012], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 3013], [710, "ecologists", "ecologist", "NNS", 1, 3014], [263, "provide", "provide", "VBP", 1, 3015], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 3016], [711, "useful", "useful", "JJ", 1, 3017], [290, "framework", "framework", "NN", 1, 3018], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 3019], [243, "predicting", "predict", "VBG", 1, 3020], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 3021], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 3022], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 3023], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3024], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3025], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 3026], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 3027], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3028], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 3029], [267, "processes", "process", "NNS", 1, 3030], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3031]], "id": "0", "sha1": "9ca451cad4907bf849b815e4a6ed1c9ede93ab93"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 3032], [707, "functional", "functional", "JJ", 1, 3033], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 3034], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 3035], [33, "similar", "similar", "JJ", 1, 3036], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 3037], [0, "those", "those", "DT", 0, 3038], [0, "objectively", "objectively", "RB", 0, 3039], [712, "defined", "define", "VBN", 1, 3040], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 3041], [713, "cluster", "cluster", "NN", 1, 3042], [1, "analysis", "analysis", "NN", 1, 3043], [226, "based", "base", "VBN", 1, 3044], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 3045], [714, "traits", "trait", "NNS", 1, 3046], [327, "expected", "expect", "VBN", 1, 3047], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 3048], [571, "influence", "influence", "VB", 1, 3049], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 3050], [267, "processes", "process", "NNS", 1, 3051], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3052]], "id": "0", "sha1": "1ca517b1e1f9103a6d30772d97c9bfcb29fd3741"}
{"graf": [[715, "Principal", "principal", "JJ", 1, 3053], [716, "components", "component", "NNS", 1, 3054], [1, "analysis", "analysis", "NN", 1, 3055], [68, "showed", "show", "VBD", 1, 3056], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 3057], [0, "two", "two", "CD", 0, 3058], [117, "major", "major", "JJ", 1, 3059], [717, "suites", "suite", "NNS", 1, 3060], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3061], [714, "traits", "trait", "NNS", 1, 3062], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 3063], [718, "related", "relate", "VBN", 1, 3064], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 3065], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 3066], [115, "rate", "rate", "NN", 1, 3067], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3068], [719, "woodiness", "woodiness", "NN", 1, 3069], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 3070], [21, "explain", "explain", "VB", 1, 3071], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3072], [720, "grouping", "grouping", "NN", 1, 3073], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3074], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 3075], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 3076], [707, "functional", "functional", "JJ", 1, 3077], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 3078], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3079]], "id": "0", "sha1": "442880d9b42e120ef6ae71da49bbeda2a2f8aa40"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 3080], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 3081], [707, "functional", "functional", "JJ", 1, 3082], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 3083], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 3084], [711, "useful", "useful", "JJ", 1, 3085], [0, "because", "because", "IN", 0, 3086], [0, "they", "they", "PRP", 0, 3087], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 3088], [0, "1", "1", "LS", 0, 3089], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 3090], [571, "influence", "influence", "NN", 1, 3091], [265, "many", "many", "JJ", 1, 3092], [205, "ecological", "ecological", "JJ", 1, 3093], [267, "processes", "process", "NNS", 1, 3094], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 3095], [0, "e.g.", "e.g.", "RB", 0, 3096], [540, "productivity", "productivity", "NN", 1, 3097], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3098], [721, "transpiration", "transpiration", "NN", 1, 3099], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3100], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3101], [559, "nutrient", "nutrient", "JJ", 1, 3102], [722, "cycling", "cycling", "NN", 1, 3103], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 3104], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3105], [33, "similar", "similar", "JJ", 1, 3106], [723, "ways", "way", "NNS", 1, 3107], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3108], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 3109], [0, "2", "2", "LS", 0, 3110], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 3111], [243, "predict", "predict", "VB", 1, 3112], [0, "both", "both", "DT", 0, 3113], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 3114], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 3115], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3116], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 3117], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 3118], [724, "environment", "environment", "NN", 1, 3119], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3120], [38, "including", "include", "VBG", 1, 3121], [147, "disturbance", "disturbance", "NN", 1, 3122], [544, "regime", "regime", "NN", 1, 3123], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3124], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3125], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 3126], [0, "3", "3", "LS", 0, 3127], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 3128], [68, "show", "show", "VB", 1, 3129], [0, "no", "no", "DT", 0, 3130], [427, "strong", "strong", "JJ", 1, 3131], [725, "relationship", "relationship", "NN", 1, 3132], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 3133], [714, "traits", "trait", "NNS", 1, 3134], [726, "determining", "determine", "VBG", 1, 3135], [727, "migratory", "migratory", "JJ", 1, 3136], [728, "ability", "ability", "NN", 1, 3137], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 3138], [0, "so", "so", "IN", 0, 3139], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 3140], [0, "no", "no", "DT", 0, 3141], [707, "functional", "functional", "JJ", 1, 3142], [118, "type", "type", "NN", 1, 3143], [0, "will", "will", "MD", 0, 3144], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 3145], [729, "eliminated", "eliminate", "VBN", 1, 3146], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 3147], [730, "climatic", "climatic", "JJ", 1, 3148], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 3149], [0, "simply", "simply", "RB", 0, 3150], [0, "because", "because", "IN", 0, 3151], [0, "it", "it", "PRP", 0, 3152], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 3153], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 3154], [731, "migrate", "migrate", "VB", 1, 3155], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 3156], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3157]], "id": "0", "sha1": "36ee49d4cf2cc36bd02eb40a304d2529fa41b2d2"}
{"graf": [[732, "Circumstantial", "circumstantial", "JJ", 1, 3158], [91, "evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 3159], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 3160], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3161], [205, "ecological", "ecological", "JJ", 1, 3162], [182, "importance", "importance", "NN", 1, 3163], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3164], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 3165], [707, "functional", "functional", "JJ", 1, 3166], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 3167], [439, "comes", "come", "VBZ", 1, 3168], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 3169], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3170], [109, "distribution", "distribution", "NN", 1, 3171], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3172], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 3173], [0, "along", "along", "IN", 0, 3174], [220, "environmental", "environmental", "JJ", 1, 3175], [733, "gradients", "gradient", "NNS", 1, 3176], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3177], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3178], [734, "known", "know", "VBN", 1, 3179], [205, "ecological", "ecological", "JJ", 1, 3180], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 3181], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3182], [714, "traits", "trait", "NNS", 1, 3183], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 3184], [0, "e.g.", "e.g.", "RB", 0, 3185], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3186], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 3187], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3188], [735, "litter", "litter", "NN", 1, 3189], [736, "quality", "quality", "NN", 1, 3190], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 3191], [737, "decomposition", "decomposition", "NN", 1, 3192], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3193], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3194], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 3195], [249, "height", "height", "NN", 1, 3196], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 3197], [429, "winter", "winter", "NN", 1, 3198], [738, "albedo", "albedo", "NN", 1, 3199], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 3200], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 3201], [739, "characterize", "characterize", "VBP", 1, 3202], [0, "each", "each", "DT", 0, 3203], [707, "functional", "functional", "JJ", 1, 3204], [118, "type", "type", "NN", 1, 3205], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3206]], "id": "0", "sha1": "1065d104abf0be91da91e904cb23c36dc55424b0"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 3207], [740, "paleorecord", "paleorecord", "NN", 1, 3208], [263, "provides", "provide", "VBZ", 1, 3209], [741, "independent", "independent", "JJ", 1, 3210], [91, "evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 3211], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 3212], [0, "some", "some", "DT", 0, 3213], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3214], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 3215], [707, "functional", "functional", "JJ", 1, 3216], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 3217], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 3218], [219, "responded", "respond", "VBN", 1, 3219], [0, "predictably", "predictably", "RB", 0, 3220], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 3221], [331, "past", "past", "JJ", 1, 3222], [730, "climatic", "climatic", "JJ", 1, 3223], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 3224], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3225]], "id": "0", "sha1": "53a6479c18e402de8ba7abe253d4a3906ff27733"}
{"graf": [[92, "Field", "field", "NN", 1, 3226], [93, "experiments", "experiment", "NNS", 1, 3227], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 3228], [68, "show", "show", "VBP", 1, 3229], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 3230], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 3231], [707, "functional", "functional", "JJ", 1, 3232], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 3233], [219, "respond", "respond", "VBP", 1, 3234], [0, "predictably", "predictably", "RB", 0, 3235], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 3236], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 3237], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3238], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 3239], [742, "resources", "resource", "NNS", 1, 3240], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 3241], [419, "water", "water", "NN", 1, 3242], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3243], [559, "nutrients", "nutrient", "NNS", 1, 3244], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 3245], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 3246], [743, "less", "less", "JJR", 1, 3247], [0, "predictably", "predictably", "RB", 0, 3248], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 3249], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 3250], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3251]], "id": "0", "sha1": "527d7099f440c1d6326a6813af94f94041f2fee0"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 3252], [367, "suggest", "suggest", "VBP", 1, 3253], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 3254], [91, "evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 3255], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 3256], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3257], [744, "validity", "validity", "NN", 1, 3258], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3259], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 3260], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 3261], [707, "functional", "functional", "JJ", 1, 3262], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 3263], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 3264], [427, "strong", "strong", "JJ", 1, 3265], [0, "enough", "enough", "RB", 0, 3266], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 3267], [745, "warrant", "warrant", "VB", 1, 3268], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 3269], [4, "use", "use", "NN", 1, 3270], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3271], [556, "regional", "regional", "JJ", 1, 3272], [317, "models", "model", "NNS", 1, 3273], [746, "seeking", "seek", "VBG", 1, 3274], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 3275], [243, "predict", "predict", "VB", 1, 3276], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3277], [709, "transient", "transient", "JJ", 1, 3278], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 3279], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3280], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 3281], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 3282], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 3283], [69, "global", "global", "JJ", 1, 3284], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 3285], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 3286], [747, "Plot-scale", "plot-scale", "NN", 1, 3287], [91, "evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 3288], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3289], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 3290], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 3291], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 3292], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3293], [748, "links", "link", "NNS", 1, 3294], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 3295], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 3296], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 3297], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 3298], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3299]], "id": "0", "sha1": "cb767b705db44347280622b11b827940299d5de3"}
{"graf": [[242, "Temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 3300], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 3301], [139, "increasing", "increase", "VBG", 1, 3302], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 3303], [749, "unprecedented", "unprecedented", "JJ", 1, 3304], [115, "rates", "rate", "NNS", 1, 3305], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 3306], [221, "most", "most", "JJS", 1, 3307], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3308], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3309], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 3310], [214, "biome", "biome", "NN", 1, 3311], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3312]], "id": "0", "sha1": "bc3ae11f8c472a45adfb5c35dac958221e59de8b"}
{"graf": [[0, "Remote-sensing", "remote-sensing", "RB", 0, 3313], [318, "data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 3314], [56, "indicate", "indicate", "VBP", 1, 3315], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 3316], [663, "contemporary", "contemporary", "JJ", 1, 3317], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 3318], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 3319], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 3320], [0, "already", "already", "RB", 0, 3321], [55, "resulted", "result", "VBN", 1, 3322], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3323], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 3324], [540, "productivity", "productivity", "NN", 1, 3325], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 3326], [750, "much", "much", "JJ", 1, 3327], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3328], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3329], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 3330], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3331], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 3332], [751, "plot-based", "plot-base", "NN", 1, 3333], [91, "evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 3334], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 3335], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 3336], [752, "transformation", "transformation", "NN", 1, 3337], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 3338], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 3339], [199, "widespread", "widespread", "JJ", 1, 3340], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3341]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b4634e32f147eed1687ac6a9fb86f733e2c82dab"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 3342], [753, "analysed", "analyse", "VBD", 1, 3343], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 3344], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3345], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 3346], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 3347], [754, "surveyed", "survey", "VBN", 1, 3348], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 3349], [0, "1980", "1980", "CD", 0, 3350], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3351], [0, "2010", "2010", "CD", 0, 3352], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3353], [0, "158", "158", "CD", 0, 3354], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 3355], [209, "communities", "community", "NNS", 1, 3356], [755, "spread", "spread", "VBP", 1, 3357], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 3358], [0, "46", "46", "CD", 0, 3359], [223, "locations", "location", "NNS", 1, 3360], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3361]], "id": "0", "sha1": "710502060e5bc5cc553ffd760a5913c21ff5c88e"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 3362], [338, "found", "find", "VBD", 1, 3363], [756, "biome-wide", "biome-wide", "NN", 1, 3364], [387, "trends", "trend", "NNS", 1, 3365], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3366], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 3367], [249, "height", "height", "NN", 1, 3368], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3369], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3370], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 3371], [757, "canopy", "canopy", "NN", 1, 3372], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3373], [758, "maximum", "maximum", "NN", 1, 3374], [244, "observed", "observe", "VBD", 1, 3375], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 3376], [249, "height", "height", "NN", 1, 3377], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 3378], [221, "most", "most", "JJS", 1, 3379], [759, "vascular", "vascular", "JJ", 1, 3380], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 3381], [305, "forms", "form", "NNS", 1, 3382], [0, ";", ";", ".", 0, 3383], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 3384], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 3385], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3386], [735, "litter", "litter", "NN", 1, 3387], [0, ";", ";", ".", 0, 3388], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 3389], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 3390], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3391], [760, "evergreen", "evergreen", "NN", 1, 3392], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3393], [0, "low-growing", "low-growing", "RB", 0, 3394], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3395], [761, "tall", "tall", "JJ", 1, 3396], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 3397], [0, ";", ";", ".", 0, 3398], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3399], [253, "decreased", "decrease", "VBD", 1, 3400], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 3401], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3402], [762, "bare", "bare", "JJ", 1, 3403], [763, "ground", "ground", "NN", 1, 3404], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3405]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e7f9dd0a0ec877a99f17b4a383409f457392c3df"}
{"graf": [[764, "Intersite", "intersite", "JJ", 1, 3406], [30, "comparisons", "comparison", "NNS", 1, 3407], [56, "indicated", "indicate", "VBD", 1, 3408], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 3409], [3, "association", "association", "NN", 1, 3410], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 3411], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3412], [576, "degree", "degree", "NN", 1, 3413], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3414], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 3415], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 3416], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3417], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 3418], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3419], [759, "vascular", "vascular", "JJ", 1, 3420], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 3421], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 3422], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3423], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 3424], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 3425], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3426], [765, "forbs", "forbs", "NN", 1, 3427], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3428], [766, "rushes", "rush", "VBZ", 1, 3429], [139, "increasing", "increase", "VBG", 1, 3430], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 3431], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 3432], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3433]], "id": "0", "sha1": "244ae4995785974aa0f32de7ab7cb904efd14560"}
{"graf": [[0, "However", "however", "RB", 0, 3434], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3435], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3436], [3, "association", "association", "NN", 1, 3437], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 3438], [767, "dependent", "dependent", "JJ", 1, 3439], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 3440], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3441], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 3442], [768, "zone", "zone", "NN", 1, 3443], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3444], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3445], [622, "moisture", "moisture", "NN", 1, 3446], [544, "regime", "regime", "NN", 1, 3447], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3448], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3449], [769, "presence", "presence", "NN", 1, 3450], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3451], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "NN", 1, 3452], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3453]], "id": "0", "sha1": "41b4ed406537b91164d855958c78c35fa9724d7b"}
{"graf": [[0, "Our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 3454], [318, "data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 3455], [263, "provide", "provide", "VBP", 1, 3456], [747, "plot-scale", "plot-scale", "NN", 1, 3457], [91, "evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 3458], [748, "linking", "link", "VBG", 1, 3459], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 3460], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3461], [759, "vascular", "vascular", "JJ", 1, 3462], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 3463], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 3464], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 3465], [65, "local", "local", "JJ", 1, 3466], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 3467], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 3468], [0, "in", "in", "RP", 0, 3469], [0, "widely", "widely", "RB", 0, 3470], [770, "dispersed", "disperse", "VBN", 1, 3471], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 3472], [223, "locations", "location", "NNS", 1, 3473], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 3474], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3475], [393, "globe", "globe", "NN", 1, 3476], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3477]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e84a5bfb144325b78b8e2e97be83e085c994414a"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 3478], [0, "2012", "2012", "CD", 0, 3479], [771, "Macmillan", "macmillan", "NNP", 1, 3480], [772, "Publishers", "publishers", "NNPS", 1, 3481], [158, "Limited", "limited", "NNP", 1, 3482], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3483]], "id": "0", "sha1": "72d80d07b31e5d0a8da29d6363cd73d6540791aa"}
{"graf": [[0, "All", "all", "DT", 0, 3484], [773, "rights", "right", "NNS", 1, 3485], [774, "reserved", "reserve", "VBN", 1, 3486], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 3487], [775, "Russian", "russian", "JJ", 1, 3488], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 3489], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 3490], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3491], [0, "'", "'", ".", 0, 3492], [776, "greening", "greening", "NN", 1, 3493], [0, "'", "'", ".", 0, 3494], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 3495], [0, "closely", "closely", "RB", 0, 3496], [777, "tracked", "track", "VBN", 1, 3497], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 3498], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 3499], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 3500], [344, "willows", "willow", "NNS", 1, 3501], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3502]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d514627d7adf6048c0f5cb19f3a9e88069ac400b"}
{"graf": [[565, "Growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 3503], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3504], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 3505], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 3506], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 3507], [0, "generally", "generally", "RB", 0, 3508], [327, "expected", "expect", "VBN", 1, 3509], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 3510], [139, "increase", "increase", "VB", 1, 3511], [0, "under", "under", "IN", 0, 3512], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 3513], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 3514], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 3515], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3516], [0, "particularly", "particularly", "RB", 0, 3517], [0, "among", "among", "IN", 0, 3518], [251, "deciduous", "deciduous", "JJ", 1, 3519], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 3520], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3521]], "id": "0", "sha1": "31f6895cb77d818b4488b81a09f986c76910a506"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 3522], [778, "analyzed", "analyze", "VBD", 1, 3523], [779, "annual", "annual", "JJ", 1, 3524], [780, "ring", "ring", "NN", 1, 3525], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 3526], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 3527], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 3528], [502, "abundant", "abundant", "JJ", 1, 3529], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3530], [0, "nearly", "nearly", "RB", 0, 3531], [443, "circumpolar", "circumpolar", "JJ", 1, 3532], [491, "erect", "erect", "JJ", 1, 3533], [344, "willow", "willow", "JJ", 1, 3534], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 3535], [781, "Salix", "salix", "NNP", 1, 3536], [782, "lanata", "lanata", "NNP", 1, 3537], [783, "L.", "l.", "NNP", 1, 3538], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 3539], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 3540], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3541], [784, "coastal", "coastal", "JJ", 1, 3542], [768, "zone", "zone", "NN", 1, 3543], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3544], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3545], [785, "northwest", "northwest", "JJ", 1, 3546], [775, "Russian", "russian", "JJ", 1, 3547], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 3548], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 3549], [786, "Nenets", "nenets", "NNP", 1, 3550], [787, "Autonomous", "autonomous", "NNP", 1, 3551], [788, "Okrug", "okrug", "NNP", 1, 3552], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 3553], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3554]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d36dd33827955c42733e12a3eb131f6237f3853f"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 3555], [55, "resulting", "result", "VBG", 1, 3556], [789, "chronology", "chronology", "NN", 1, 3557], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 3558], [0, "strongly", "strongly", "RB", 0, 3559], [718, "related", "relate", "VBN", 1, 3560], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 3561], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 3562], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 3563], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 3564], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3565], [434, "period", "period", "NN", 1, 3566], [0, "1942", "1942", "CD", 0, 3567], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 3568], [0, "2005", "2005", "CD", 0, 3569], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3570]], "id": "0", "sha1": "de85e0fb541ae21e9af5e70ad8932188a27037f5"}
{"graf": [[0, "Remarkably", "remarkably", "RB", 0, 3571], [180, "high", "high", "JJ", 1, 3572], [790, "correlations", "correlation", "NNS", 1, 3573], [791, "occur", "occur", "VBP", 1, 3574], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 3575], [792, "long", "long", "JJ", 1, 3576], [5, "distances", "distance", "NNS", 1, 3577], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 3578], [0, ">", ">", ".", 0, 3579], [0, "1600", "1600", "CD", 0, 3580], [340, "km", "km", "NN", 1, 3581], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 3582], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 3583], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3584], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 3585], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3586], [793, "taiga", "taiga", "NN", 1, 3587], [768, "zones", "zone", "NNS", 1, 3588], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3589], [341, "West", "west", "NNP", 1, 3590], [794, "Siberia", "siberia", "NNP", 1, 3591], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3592], [187, "Eastern", "eastern", "NNP", 1, 3593], [88, "Europe", "europe", "NNP", 1, 3594], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3595]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d9c3f92fc5811e2082a245d922610f8141e0203e"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 3596], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 3597], [338, "found", "find", "VBD", 1, 3598], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 3599], [795, "clear", "clear", "JJ", 1, 3600], [725, "relationship", "relationship", "NN", 1, 3601], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 3602], [796, "photosynthetic", "photosynthetic", "JJ", 1, 3603], [549, "activity", "activity", "NN", 1, 3604], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 3605], [797, "upland", "upland", "JJ", 1, 3606], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 3607], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 3608], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 3609], [556, "regional", "regional", "JJ", 1, 3610], [410, "scale", "scale", "NN", 1, 3611], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 3612], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3613], [434, "period", "period", "NN", 1, 3614], [0, "1981", "1981", "CD", 0, 3615], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 3616], [0, "2005", "2005", "CD", 0, 3617], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3618], [677, "confirming", "confirm", "VBG", 1, 3619], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 3620], [798, "parallel", "parallel", "NN", 1, 3621], [0, "'", "'", ".", 0, 3622], [776, "greening", "greening", "NN", 1, 3623], [0, "'", "'", ".", 0, 3624], [387, "trend", "trend", "NN", 1, 3625], [799, "reported", "report", "VBN", 1, 3626], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 3627], [0, "similarly", "similarly", "RB", 0, 3628], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 3629], [45, "North", "north", "JJ", 1, 3630], [800, "American", "american", "JJ", 1, 3631], [470, "portions", "portion", "NNS", 1, 3632], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3633], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3634], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 3635], [214, "biome", "biome", "NN", 1, 3636], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3637]], "id": "0", "sha1": "cd4a8ddb801f6014f66ddecda0efb3ab7a62e8d0"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 3638], [235, "standardized", "standardized", "JJ", 1, 3639], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 3640], [801, "curve", "curve", "NN", 1, 3641], [367, "suggests", "suggest", "VBZ", 1, 3642], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 3643], [802, "significant", "significant", "JJ", 1, 3644], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 3645], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3646], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 3647], [344, "willow", "willow", "JJ", 1, 3648], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 3649], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 3650], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3651], [803, "last", "last", "JJ", 1, 3652], [0, "six", "six", "CD", 0, 3653], [195, "decades", "decade", "NNS", 1, 3654], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3655]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f19bd73d3eb136ad82ffb50350051553b5c53e2c"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 3656], [533, "findings", "finding", "NNS", 1, 3657], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 3658], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3659], [451, "line", "line", "NN", 1, 3660], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 3661], [92, "field", "field", "NN", 1, 3662], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3663], [352, "remote", "remote", "VBD", 1, 3664], [353, "sensing", "sense", "VBG", 1, 3665], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 3666], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 3667], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 3668], [804, "assigned", "assign", "VBN", 1, 3669], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 3670], [427, "strong", "strong", "JJ", 1, 3671], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 3672], [716, "component", "component", "NN", 1, 3673], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 3674], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3675], [799, "reported", "report", "VBN", 1, 3676], [776, "greening", "greening", "NN", 1, 3677], [805, "signal", "signal", "NN", 1, 3678], [0, "since", "since", "IN", 0, 3679], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3680], [806, "early", "early", "JJ", 1, 3681], [0, "1980s", "1980s", "CD", 0, 3682], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3683]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f28d3813ed9968fc0ab9ed05ba441310ff25c3f3"}
{"graf": [[0, "Furthermore", "furthermore", "RB", 0, 3684], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3685], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3686], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 3687], [387, "trend", "trend", "NN", 1, 3688], [807, "agrees", "agree", "VBZ", 1, 3689], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 3690], [808, "qualitative", "qualitative", "JJ", 1, 3691], [216, "observations", "observation", "NNS", 1, 3692], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 3693], [809, "nomadic", "nomadic", "JJ", 1, 3694], [786, "Nenets", "nenets", "NNP", 1, 3695], [810, "reindeer", "reindeer", "NN", 1, 3696], [811, "herders", "herder", "NNS", 1, 3697], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3698], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 3699], [139, "increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 3700], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3701], [344, "willow", "willow", "JJ", 1, 3702], [625, "size", "size", "NN", 1, 3703], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3704], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3705], [183, "region", "region", "NN", 1, 3706], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3707]], "id": "0", "sha1": "a644b112a34fd63a8c4e6c251a23e727eb30c81e"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 3708], [736, "quality", "quality", "NN", 1, 3709], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3710], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3711], [789, "chronology", "chronology", "NN", 1, 3712], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 3713], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 3714], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 3715], [812, "proxy", "proxy", "NN", 1, 3716], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 3717], [813, "exceptional", "exceptional", "JJ", 1, 3718], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3719]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c89895ca5f0e4c0afbe971e3edc456b004024c3c"}
{"graf": [[814, "Given", "give", "VBN", 1, 3720], [0, "its", "its", "PRP$", 0, 3721], [260, "wide", "wide", "JJ", 1, 3722], [466, "geographic", "geographic", "JJ", 1, 3723], [109, "distribution", "distribution", "NN", 1, 3724], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3725], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3726], [815, "ready", "ready", "JJ", 1, 3727], [816, "preservation", "preservation", "NN", 1, 3728], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3729], [817, "wood", "wood", "NN", 1, 3730], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3731], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "NN", 1, 3732], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3733], [818, "S.", "s.", "NNP", 1, 3734], [782, "lanata", "lanata", "NN", 1, 3735], [783, "L.", "l.", "NNP", 1, 3736], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 3737], [286, "great", "great", "JJ", 1, 3738], [313, "potential", "potential", "NN", 1, 3739], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 3740], [819, "extended", "extend", "VBN", 1, 3741], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 3742], [403, "reconstructions", "reconstruction", "NNS", 1, 3743], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3744], [352, "remote", "remote", "JJ", 1, 3745], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 3746], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 3747], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3748], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 3749], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3750]], "id": "0", "sha1": "5ad9b3f7171e7628f7822c0f629f8eb31f9e39d0"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 3751], [0, "2009", "2009", "CD", 0, 3752], [378, "Blackwell", "blackwell", "NNP", 1, 3753], [379, "Publishing", "publishing", "NNP", 1, 3754], [380, "Ltd", "ltd", "NNP", 1, 3755], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 3756], [207, "Shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 3757], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 3758], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 3759], [165, "reduce", "reduce", "VB", 1, 3760], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 3761], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "NN", 1, 3762], [546, "thaw", "thaw", "NN", 1, 3763], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3764], [820, "Siberian", "siberian", "JJ", 1, 3765], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 3766], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3767]], "id": "0", "sha1": "acada80818ed977c6d6ac1864a1d0eb3a3333130"}
{"graf": [[218, "Climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 3768], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 3769], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 3770], [327, "expected", "expect", "VBN", 1, 3771], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 3772], [257, "cause", "cause", "VB", 1, 3773], [821, "extensive", "extensive", "JJ", 1, 3774], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 3775], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 3776], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3777], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3778], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 3779], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 3780], [251, "deciduous", "deciduous", "JJ", 1, 3781], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 3782], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 3783], [0, "already", "already", "RB", 0, 3784], [822, "expanding", "expand", "VBG", 1, 3785], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3786], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3787], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 3788], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 3789], [218, "climate", "climate", "VB", 1, 3790], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 3791], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3792]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e3cd0787955c81f64bcb99cc55975b985313d9ac"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 3793], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 3794], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 3795], [823, "transect", "transect", "JJ", 1, 3796], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 3797], [367, "suggest", "suggest", "VBP", 1, 3798], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 3799], [139, "increasing", "increase", "VBG", 1, 3800], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 3801], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 3802], [0, "will", "will", "MD", 0, 3803], [381, "impact", "impact", "VB", 1, 3804], [0, "significantly", "significantly", "RB", 0, 3805], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 3806], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3807], [389, "surface", "surface", "NN", 1, 3808], [555, "energy", "energy", "NN", 1, 3809], [824, "balance", "balance", "NN", 1, 3810], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3811]], "id": "0", "sha1": "754a0ae867162e623f4ba04ce42bd7d37977617b"}
{"graf": [[0, "However", "however", "RB", 0, 3812], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3813], [626, "little", "little", "JJ", 1, 3814], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 3815], [734, "known", "know", "VBN", 1, 3816], [0, "about", "about", "IN", 0, 3817], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3818], [133, "direct", "direct", "JJ", 1, 3819], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 3820], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3821], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 3822], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 3823], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 3824], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "JJ", 1, 3825], [546, "thaw", "thaw", "NN", 1, 3826], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 3827], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 3828], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3829]], "id": "0", "sha1": "7cfa127321e53769f6f81e4a4e625653461c8e38"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 3830], [0, "experimentally", "experimentally", "RB", 0, 3831], [825, "quantified", "quantify", "VBD", 1, 3832], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3833], [571, "influence", "influence", "NN", 1, 3834], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3835], [826, "Betula", "betula", "NNP", 1, 3836], [827, "nana", "nana", "NN", 1, 3837], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 3838], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 3839], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "JJ", 1, 3840], [546, "thaw", "thaw", "NN", 1, 3841], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3842], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 3843], [828, "moist", "moist", "JJ", 1, 3844], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 3845], [618, "site", "site", "NN", 1, 3846], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3847], [829, "northeast", "northeast", "NN", 1, 3848], [794, "Siberia", "siberia", "NNP", 1, 3849], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 3850], [830, "continuous", "continuous", "JJ", 1, 3851], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "NN", 1, 3852], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3853]], "id": "0", "sha1": "7d8fc464a796f9d5fd7fa9392394e9dfc49489e7"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 3854], [13, "measured", "measure", "VBD", 1, 3855], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3856], [546, "thaw", "thaw", "NN", 1, 3857], [831, "depth", "depth", "NN", 1, 3858], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3859], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3860], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 3861], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3862], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 3863], [832, "called", "call", "VBD", 1, 3864], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3865], [833, "active", "active", "JJ", 1, 3866], [584, "layer", "layer", "NN", 1, 3867], [834, "thickness", "thickness", "NN", 1, 3868], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 3869], [835, "ALT", "alt", "NNP", 1, 3870], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 3871], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3872], [763, "ground", "ground", "NN", 1, 3873], [413, "heat", "heat", "NN", 1, 3874], [414, "flux", "flux", "NN", 1, 3875], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3876], [309, "net", "net", "JJ", 1, 3877], [422, "radiation", "radiation", "NN", 1, 3878], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3879], [0, "10", "10", "CD", 0, 3880], [836, "m", "m", "NNS", 1, 3881], [837, "diameter", "diameter", "NN", 1, 3882], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 3883], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 3884], [838, "natural", "natural", "JJ", 1, 3885], [839, "B.", "b.", "NNP", 1, 3886], [827, "nana", "nana", "NN", 1, 3887], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 3888], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 3889], [567, "control", "control", "NN", 1, 3890], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 3891], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 3892], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3893], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3894], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 3895], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3896], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 3897], [839, "B.", "b.", "NNP", 1, 3898], [827, "nana", "nana", "NNP", 1, 3899], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 3900], [840, "removed", "remove", "VBN", 1, 3901], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 3902], [841, "removal", "removal", "NN", 1, 3903], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 3904], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 3905], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3906]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2f9be4f23432dfaa6929104e2aeee10590e70926"}
{"graf": [[841, "Removal", "removal", "NN", 1, 3907], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3908], [839, "B.", "b.", "NNP", 1, 3909], [827, "nana", "nana", "NNP", 1, 3910], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBD", 1, 3911], [835, "ALT", "alt", "NN", 1, 3912], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 3913], [0, "9%", "9%", "CD", 0, 3914], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 3915], [842, "average", "average", "JJ", 1, 3916], [0, "late", "late", "RB", 0, 3917], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3918], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3919], [246, "growing", "grow", "VBG", 1, 3920], [247, "season", "season", "NN", 1, 3921], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3922], [843, "compared", "compare", "VBN", 1, 3923], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 3924], [567, "control", "control", "NN", 1, 3925], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 3926], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3927]], "id": "0", "sha1": "14d3d426c14348aefb6f68e1408aabf2713ba546"}
{"graf": [[356, "Differences", "difference", "NNS", 1, 3928], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3929], [835, "ALT", "alt", "NNP", 1, 3930], [844, "correlated", "correlate", "VBN", 1, 3931], [0, "well", "well", "RB", 0, 3932], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 3933], [356, "differences", "difference", "NNS", 1, 3934], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3935], [763, "ground", "ground", "NN", 1, 3936], [413, "heat", "heat", "NN", 1, 3937], [414, "flux", "flux", "NN", 1, 3938], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 3939], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3940], [567, "control", "control", "NN", 1, 3941], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 3942], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3943], [839, "B.", "b.", "NNP", 1, 3944], [827, "nana", "nana", "NN", 1, 3945], [841, "removal", "removal", "NN", 1, 3946], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 3947], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3948]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c9ef5516783d63e4038c0b00c070eae107c2ed2d"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 3949], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3950], [845, "undisturbed", "undisturbed", "JJ", 1, 3951], [567, "control", "control", "NN", 1, 3952], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 3953], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3954], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 3955], [338, "found", "find", "VBD", 1, 3956], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 3957], [846, "inverse", "inverse", "NN", 1, 3958], [790, "correlation", "correlation", "NN", 1, 3959], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 3960], [839, "B.", "b.", "NNP", 1, 3961], [827, "nana", "nana", "NNP", 1, 3962], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 3963], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 3964], [847, "late", "late", "JJ", 1, 3965], [246, "growing", "grow", "VBG", 1, 3966], [247, "season", "season", "NN", 1, 3967], [835, "ALT", "alt", "NNP", 1, 3968], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3969]], "id": "0", "sha1": "063a177011dd5d443c6c21dbb76bfe72a6d38266"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 3970], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 3971], [367, "suggest", "suggest", "VBP", 1, 3972], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 3973], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3974], [848, "expected", "expected", "JJ", 1, 3975], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 3976], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 3977], [251, "deciduous", "deciduous", "JJ", 1, 3978], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 3979], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 3980], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 3981], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 3982], [183, "region", "region", "NN", 1, 3983], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3984], [849, "triggered", "trigger", "VBN", 1, 3985], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 3986], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 3987], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 3988], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 3989], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 3990], [165, "reduce", "reduce", "VB", 1, 3991], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 3992], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "NN", 1, 3993], [546, "thaw", "thaw", "NN", 1, 3994], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 3995]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b0043600acc2323910c4974cb2c03f7ae66f77bd"}
{"graf": [[850, "Increased", "increased", "JJ", 1, 3996], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 3997], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 3998], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 3999], [0, "thus", "thus", "RB", 0, 4000], [0, "partially", "partially", "RB", 0, 4001], [851, "offset", "offset", "VBN", 1, 4002], [852, "further", "further", "JJ", 1, 4003], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "JJ", 1, 4004], [853, "degradation", "degradation", "NN", 1, 4005], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 4006], [112, "future", "future", "JJ", 1, 4007], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 4008], [139, "increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 4009], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4010]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d0e3833aac646cc6dfff38032e0ff5855f8081f0"}
{"graf": [[545, "Permafrost", "permafrost", "JJ", 1, 4011], [317, "models", "model", "NNS", 1, 4012], [854, "need", "ne", "VBP", 1, 4013], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 4014], [38, "include", "include", "VB", 1, 4015], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 4016], [525, "dynamic", "dynamic", "JJ", 1, 4017], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 4018], [716, "component", "component", "NN", 1, 4019], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 4020], [0, "accurately", "accurately", "RB", 0, 4021], [243, "predict", "predict", "VB", 1, 4022], [112, "future", "future", "JJ", 1, 4023], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "JJ", 1, 4024], [546, "thaw", "thaw", "NN", 1, 4025], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4026]], "id": "0", "sha1": "9f02b1b20044033279c66c0bb722e718bf3b4ff9"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 4027], [0, "2009", "2009", "CD", 0, 4028], [378, "Blackwell", "blackwell", "NNP", 1, 4029], [379, "Publishing", "publishing", "NNP", 1, 4030], [380, "Ltd", "ltd", "NNP", 1, 4031], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 4032], [180, "High", "high", "JJ", 1, 4033], [855, "resilience", "resilience", "NN", 1, 4034], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 4035], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4036], [856, "Yamal-Nenets", "yamal-nenets", "NNP", 1, 4037], [857, "social-ecological", "social-ecological", "JJ", 1, 4038], [103, "system", "system", "NN", 1, 4039], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4040], [341, "West", "west", "NNP", 1, 4041], [820, "Siberian", "siberian", "NNP", 1, 4042], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 4043], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4044], [364, "Russia", "russia", "NNP", 1, 4045], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4046]], "id": "0", "sha1": "6c97a8abf1a40d0eaaeac2d9e74d3f8035ba4994"}
{"graf": [[213, "Tundra", "tundra", "NNP", 1, 4047], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 4048], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 4049], [160, "vulnerable", "vulnerable", "JJ", 1, 4050], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 4051], [858, "hydrocarbon", "hydrocarbon", "NN", 1, 4052], [859, "development", "development", "NN", 1, 4053], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4054], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 4055], [87, "part", "part", "NN", 1, 4056], [0, "because", "because", "IN", 0, 4057], [860, "small-scale", "small-scale", "JJ", 1, 4058], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4059], [861, "low-intensity", "low-intensity", "JJ", 1, 4060], [147, "disturbances", "disturbance", "NNS", 1, 4061], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 4062], [862, "affect", "affect", "VB", 1, 4063], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 4064], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4065], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "JJ", 1, 4066], [167, "soils", "soil", "NNS", 1, 4067], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4068], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4069], [863, "wildlife", "wildlife", "NN", 1, 4070], [0, "out", "out", "IN", 0, 4071], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4072], [864, "proportion", "proportion", "NN", 1, 4073], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 4074], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 4075], [2, "spatial", "spatial", "JJ", 1, 4076], [328, "extent", "extent", "NN", 1, 4077], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4078], [410, "Scaling", "scale", "VBG", 1, 4079], [0, "up", "up", "RP", 0, 4080], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 4081], [38, "include", "include", "VB", 1, 4082], [377, "human", "human", "JJ", 1, 4083], [865, "residents", "resident", "NNS", 1, 4084], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4085], [0, "tightly", "tightly", "RB", 0, 4086], [316, "integrated", "integrate", "VBN", 1, 4087], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 4088], [857, "social-ecological", "social-ecological", "JJ", 1, 4089], [103, "systems", "system", "NNS", 1, 4090], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 4091], [866, "SESs", "sess", "NNP", 1, 4092], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 4093]], "id": "0", "sha1": "7685cc5633905a379a2f334b71325f9742e59181"}
{"graf": [[9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 4094], [867, "believed", "believe", "VBN", 1, 4095], [0, "similarly", "similarly", "RB", 0, 4096], [868, "susceptible", "susceptible", "JJ", 1, 4097], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 4098], [869, "industrial", "industrial", "JJ", 1, 4099], [381, "impacts", "impact", "NNS", 1, 4100], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4101], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 4102], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 4103], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4104]], "id": "0", "sha1": "97d794a7b41c70bdbfc88d80271eee31bd6189d0"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 4105], [661, "contrast", "contrast", "NN", 1, 4106], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 4107], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 4108], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 4109], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4110], [362, "Canada", "canada", "NNP", 1, 4111], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4112], [0, "most", "most", "RBS", 0, 4113], [77, "terrestrial", "terrestrial", "JJ", 1, 4114], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4115], [870, "aquatic", "aquatic", "JJ", 1, 4116], [716, "components", "component", "NNS", 1, 4117], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4118], [341, "West", "west", "NNP", 1, 4119], [820, "Siberian", "siberian", "NNP", 1, 4120], [871, "oil", "oil", "NN", 1, 4121], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4122], [135, "gas", "gas", "NN", 1, 4123], [92, "fields", "field", "NNS", 1, 4124], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 4125], [0, "seasonally", "seasonally", "RB", 0, 4126], [872, "exploited", "exploit", "VBN", 1, 4127], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 4128], [727, "migratory", "migratory", "JJ", 1, 4129], [811, "herders", "herder", "NNS", 1, 4130], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4131], [873, "hunters", "hunter", "NNS", 1, 4132], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4133], [874, "fishers", "fisher", "NNS", 1, 4134], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4135], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4136], [875, "domesticated", "domesticate", "VBN", 1, 4137], [810, "reindeer", "reindeer", "NN", 1, 4138], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 4139], [876, "Rangifer", "rangifer", "NNP", 1, 4140], [877, "tarandus", "tarandus", "VB", 1, 4141], [783, "L.", "l.", "NNP", 1, 4142], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 4143], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4144]], "id": "0", "sha1": "68685c3aefc6cdb9e31f10338957499075e7e6c5"}
{"graf": [[0, "Despite", "despite", "IN", 0, 4145], [548, "anthropogenic", "anthropogenic", "JJ", 1, 4146], [692, "fragmentation", "fragmentation", "NN", 1, 4147], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4148], [752, "transformation", "transformation", "NN", 1, 4149], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4150], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 4151], [602, "large", "large", "JJ", 1, 4152], [864, "proportion", "proportion", "NN", 1, 4153], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4154], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4155], [724, "environment", "environment", "NN", 1, 4156], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4157], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 4158], [878, "socioeconomic", "socioeconomic", "JJ", 1, 4159], [879, "upheaval", "upheaval", "NN", 1, 4160], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4161], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4162], [880, "pronounced", "pronounced", "JJ", 1, 4163], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 4164], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 4165], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4166], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 4167], [338, "find", "find", "VBP", 1, 4168], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4169], [856, "Yamal-Nenets", "yamal-nenets", "NNP", 1, 4170], [881, "SES", "ses", "NNP", 1, 4171], [0, "highly", "highly", "RB", 0, 4172], [882, "resilient", "resilient", "JJ", 1, 4173], [473, "according", "accord", "VBG", 1, 4174], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 4175], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 4176], [883, "few", "few", "JJ", 1, 4177], [399, "key", "key", "JJ", 1, 4178], [13, "measures", "measure", "NNS", 1, 4179], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4180]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b61ec5dcf1c331f8a1db5cc74a558621c446bf9b"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 4181], [884, "detail", "detail", "VBP", 1, 4182], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4183], [885, "remarkable", "remarkable", "JJ", 1, 4184], [328, "extent", "extent", "NN", 1, 4185], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 4186], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 4187], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4188], [103, "system", "system", "NN", 1, 4189], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 4190], [0, "successfully", "successfully", "RB", 0, 4191], [886, "reorganized", "reorganize", "VBN", 1, 4192], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 4193], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 4194], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 4195], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 4196], [887, "shocks", "shock", "NNS", 1, 4197], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4198], [25, "evaluate", "evaluate", "VB", 1, 4199], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4200], [222, "limits", "limit", "NNS", 1, 4201], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4202], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4203], [103, "system", "system", "NN", 1, 4204], [0, "'s", "'s", "POS", 0, 4205], [582, "capacity", "capacity", "NN", 1, 4206], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 4207], [219, "respond", "respond", "VB", 1, 4208], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4209]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d03cb480e1c52d8a89c5fbb7fb6fd7f667afe9c5"}
{"graf": [[0, "Our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 4210], [888, "analytical", "analytical", "JJ", 1, 4211], [454, "approach", "approach", "NN", 1, 4212], [365, "combines", "combine", "VBZ", 1, 4213], [889, "quantitative", "quantitative", "JJ", 1, 4214], [452, "methods", "method", "NNS", 1, 4215], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 4216], [890, "participant", "participant", "NN", 1, 4217], [216, "observation", "observation", "NN", 1, 4218], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 4219], [561, "understand", "understand", "VB", 1, 4220], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4221], [891, "overall", "overall", "JJ", 1, 4222], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 4223], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4224], [245, "rapid", "rapid", "JJ", 1, 4225], [892, "land", "land", "NN", 1, 4226], [4, "use", "use", "NN", 1, 4227], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4228], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 4229], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 4230], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 4231], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4232], [598, "level", "level", "NN", 1, 4233], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4234], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4235], [509, "entire", "entire", "JJ", 1, 4236], [893, "Yamal", "yamal", "NNP", 1, 4237], [103, "system", "system", "NN", 1, 4238], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4239], [64, "detect", "detect", "VB", 1, 4240], [94, "thresholds", "threshold", "NNS", 1, 4241], [894, "crossed", "cross", "VBD", 1, 4242], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 4243], [895, "surrogates", "surrogate", "NNS", 1, 4244], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4245], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4246], [19, "identify", "identify", "VB", 1, 4247], [313, "potential", "potential", "JJ", 1, 4248], [896, "traps", "trap", "NNS", 1, 4249], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4250]], "id": "0", "sha1": "359d3ef6532908b2952ea0f92e11da4e0f93880e"}
{"graf": [[897, "Institutional", "institutional", "JJ", 1, 4251], [535, "constraints", "constraint", "NNS", 1, 4252], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4253], [120, "drivers", "driver", "NNS", 1, 4254], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 4255], [0, "as", "as", "RB", 0, 4256], [192, "important", "important", "JJ", 1, 4257], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 4258], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4259], [529, "documented", "document", "VBN", 1, 4260], [205, "ecological", "ecological", "JJ", 1, 4261], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 4262], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4263]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2cdaec70cd2a203c668eb8972ec6bad4f0845d63"}
{"graf": [[0, "Particularly", "particularly", "RB", 0, 4264], [898, "crucial", "crucial", "JJ", 1, 4265], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 4266], [899, "success", "success", "NN", 1, 4267], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 4268], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4269], [900, "unfettered", "unfettered", "JJ", 1, 4270], [901, "movement", "movement", "NN", 1, 4271], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4272], [902, "people", "people", "NNS", 1, 4273], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4274], [903, "animals", "animal", "NNS", 1, 4275], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 4276], [605, "space", "space", "NN", 1, 4277], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4278], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 4279], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4280], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 4281], [904, "allows", "allow", "VBZ", 1, 4282], [0, "them", "them", "PRP", 0, 4283], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 4284], [0, "alternately", "alternately", "RB", 0, 4285], [905, "avoid", "avoid", "VB", 1, 4286], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 4287], [872, "exploit", "exploit", "VB", 1, 4288], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 4289], [260, "wide", "wide", "JJ", 1, 4290], [97, "range", "range", "NN", 1, 4291], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4292], [838, "natural", "natural", "JJ", 1, 4293], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4294], [548, "anthropogenic", "anthropogenic", "JJ", 1, 4295], [906, "habitats", "habitat", "NNS", 1, 4296], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4297]], "id": "0", "sha1": "860a60d184658ad3210c226ae6de09a65cb60fca"}
{"graf": [[0, "However", "however", "RB", 0, 4298], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4299], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 4300], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4301], [907, "infrastructure", "infrastructure", "NN", 1, 4302], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4303], [908, "concomitant", "concomitant", "JJ", 1, 4304], [77, "terrestrial", "terrestrial", "NN", 1, 4305], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4306], [909, "freshwater", "freshwater", "NN", 1, 4307], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 4308], [853, "degradation", "degradation", "NN", 1, 4309], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4310], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 4311], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 4312], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4313], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4314], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 4315], [910, "massive", "massive", "JJ", 1, 4316], [911, "influx", "influx", "NN", 1, 4317], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4318], [912, "workers", "worker", "NNS", 1, 4319], [369, "underway", "underway", "JJ", 1, 4320], [913, "present", "present", "JJ", 1, 4321], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 4322], [914, "looming", "loom", "VBG", 1, 4323], [84, "threat", "threat", "NN", 1, 4324], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 4325], [112, "future", "future", "JJ", 1, 4326], [855, "resilience", "resilience", "NN", 1, 4327], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 4328]], "id": "0", "sha1": "077d26df56f75a26ea6424989644496cab21e8fe"}
{"graf": [[76, "Effect", "effect", "NNP", 1, 4329], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4330], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 4331], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4332], [915, "CO2", "co2", "NNP", 1, 4333], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 4334], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 4335], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4336], [776, "greening", "greening", "NN", 1, 4337], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4338], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4339], [86, "Northern", "northern", "NNP", 1, 4340], [392, "Hemisphere", "hemisphere", "NNP", 1, 4341], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 4342], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4343], [331, "past", "past", "JJ", 1, 4344], [0, "two", "two", "CD", 0, 4345], [195, "decades", "decade", "NNS", 1, 4346], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4347]], "id": "0", "sha1": "62e23fcc2591c690279b5c6052a001aa32f689a3"}
{"graf": [[39, "Study", "study", "NN", 1, 4348], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4349], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4350], [76, "effect", "effect", "NN", 1, 4351], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4352], [106, "current", "current", "JJ", 1, 4353], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 4354], [121, "changes", "change", "VBZ", 1, 4355], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 4356], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 4357], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 4358], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4359], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4360], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 4361], [2, "spatial", "spatial", "JJ", 1, 4362], [60, "patterns", "pattern", "NNS", 1, 4363], [916, "improves", "improve", "VBZ", 1, 4364], [0, "our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 4365], [386, "understanding", "understanding", "NN", 1, 4366], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4367], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4368], [128, "interactions", "interaction", "NNS", 1, 4369], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 4370], [77, "terrestrial", "terrestrial", "JJ", 1, 4371], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 4372], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4373], [730, "climatic", "climatic", "JJ", 1, 4374], [103, "systems", "system", "NNS", 1, 4375], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4376]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2e83157be46ccc0b17ac04e287ed0653fbd46669"}
{"graf": [[0, "This", "this", "DT", 0, 4377], [8, "paper", "paper", "NN", 1, 4378], [917, "explores", "explore", "VBZ", 1, 4379], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4380], [2, "spatial", "spatial", "JJ", 1, 4381], [60, "patterns", "pattern", "NNS", 1, 4382], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4383], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 4384], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 4385], [219, "responding", "respond", "VBG", 1, 4386], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 4387], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 4388], [388, "variability", "variability", "NN", 1, 4389], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 4390], [86, "Northern", "northern", "NNP", 1, 4391], [392, "Hemisphere", "hemisphere", "NNP", 1, 4392], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 4393], [0, "&", "&", ".", 0, 4394], [918, "gt;25\u00b0N", "gt;25\u00b0n", "NNP", 1, 4395], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 4396], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 4397], [0, "1980", "1980", "CD", 0, 4398], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 4399], [0, "2000", "2000", "CD", 0, 4400], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 4401], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 4402], [919, "mechanistic", "mechanistic", "JJ", 1, 4403], [77, "terrestrial", "terrestrial", "JJ", 1, 4404], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 4405], [317, "model", "model", "NN", 1, 4406], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4407]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d510b816fccc526f9bd7ec4c779ab02871e58c2a"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 4408], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 4409], [56, "indicate", "indicate", "VBP", 1, 4410], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 4411], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 4412], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 4413], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 4414], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4415], [81, "atmospheric", "atmospheric", "JJ", 1, 4416], [915, "CO2", "co2", "NN", 1, 4417], [920, "likely", "likely", "JJ", 1, 4418], [374, "function", "function", "NN", 1, 4419], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 4420], [921, "dominant", "dominant", "JJ", 1, 4421], [922, "controllers", "controller", "NNS", 1, 4422], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 4423], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4424], [776, "greening", "greening", "NN", 1, 4425], [387, "trend", "trend", "NN", 1, 4426], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 4427], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4428], [39, "study", "study", "NN", 1, 4429], [434, "period", "period", "NN", 1, 4430], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4431]], "id": "0", "sha1": "17bfd4d6be2089c2b2099ae2fd8ee699bf448e1b"}
{"graf": [[0, "At", "at", "IN", 0, 4432], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4433], [923, "continental", "continental", "JJ", 1, 4434], [410, "scale", "scale", "NN", 1, 4435], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4436], [81, "atmospheric", "atmospheric", "JJ", 1, 4437], [915, "CO2", "co2", "NN", 1, 4438], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4439], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 4440], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4441], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4442], [924, "precipitation", "precipitation", "NN", 1, 4443], [925, "account", "account", "NN", 1, 4444], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 4445], [0, "49%", "49%", "CD", 0, 4446], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4447], [0, "31%", "31%", "CD", 0, 4448], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4449], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4450], [0, "13%", "13%", "CD", 0, 4451], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4452], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4453], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 4454], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 4455], [246, "growing", "grow", "VBG", 1, 4456], [247, "season", "season", "NN", 1, 4457], [926, "LAI", "lai", "NNP", 1, 4458], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4459], [0, "respectively", "respectively", "RB", 0, 4460], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4461]], "id": "0", "sha1": "134b2f44ab5b4a4ca401635c0626378a8827d817"}
{"graf": [[0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 4462], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 4463], [570, "relative", "relative", "JJ", 1, 4464], [153, "role", "role", "NN", 1, 4465], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 4466], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 4467], [927, "constant", "constant", "JJ", 1, 4468], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 4469], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4470], [39, "study", "study", "NN", 1, 4471], [169, "area", "area", "NN", 1, 4472], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4473]], "id": "0", "sha1": "31656715a5b031afc67acbae8dfd2e70d64784d7"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 4474], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 4475], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 4476], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 4477], [549, "activity", "activity", "NN", 1, 4478], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 4479], [221, "most", "most", "JJS", 1, 4480], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4481], [794, "Siberia", "siberia", "NNP", 1, 4482], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 4483], [430, "associated", "associate", "VBN", 1, 4484], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 4485], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 4486], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4487], [0, "while", "while", "IN", 0, 4488], [0, "that", "that", "DT", 0, 4489], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 4490], [928, "central", "central", "JJ", 1, 4491], [45, "North", "north", "NNP", 1, 4492], [89, "America", "america", "NNP", 1, 4493], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 4494], [0, "primarily", "primarily", "RB", 0, 4495], [21, "explained", "explain", "VBN", 1, 4496], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 4497], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4498], [924, "precipitation", "precipitation", "NN", 1, 4499], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 4500], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4501]], "id": "0", "sha1": "1e35f6701e61e9bd8da60803a28289ccead22989"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 4502], [317, "model", "model", "NN", 1, 4503], [929, "simulation", "simulation", "NN", 1, 4504], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 4505], [367, "suggests", "suggest", "VBZ", 1, 4506], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 4507], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4508], [930, "regression", "regression", "NN", 1, 4509], [348, "slope", "slope", "NN", 1, 4510], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4511], [926, "LAI", "lai", "NNP", 1, 4512], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 4513], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "VB", 1, 4514], [139, "increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 4515], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 4516], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 4517], [622, "moisture", "moisture", "NN", 1, 4518], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4519], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 4520], [253, "decreases", "decrease", "VBZ", 1, 4521], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 4522], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 4523], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4524]], "id": "0", "sha1": "5d157face242734811a1766ffa7347a2d1e7d4f0"}
{"graf": [[0, "This", "this", "DT", 0, 4525], [931, "implies", "imply", "VBZ", 1, 4526], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 4527], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4528], [642, "contribution", "contribution", "NN", 1, 4529], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4530], [275, "rising", "rise", "VBG", 1, 4531], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 4532], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 4533], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4534], [106, "current", "current", "JJ", 1, 4535], [932, "enhanced", "enhanced", "JJ", 1, 4536], [776, "greening", "greening", "NN", 1, 4537], [387, "trend", "trend", "NN", 1, 4538], [0, "will", "will", "MD", 0, 4539], [933, "weaken", "weaken", "VB", 1, 4540], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 4541], [0, "even", "even", "RB", 0, 4542], [934, "disappear", "disappear", "VBP", 1, 4543], [0, "under", "under", "IN", 0, 4544], [370, "continued", "continue", "VBN", 1, 4545], [69, "global", "global", "JJ", 1, 4546], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 4547], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4548]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ae211b1cd95196c9bc73c04bc803918d038953f9"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 4549], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 4550], [338, "find", "find", "VBP", 1, 4551], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 4552], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4553], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 4554], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4555], [0, "both", "both", "DT", 0, 4556], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 4557], [924, "precipitation", "precipitation", "NN", 1, 4558], [4, "use", "use", "NN", 1, 4559], [935, "efficiency", "efficiency", "NN", 1, 4560], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4561], [81, "atmospheric", "atmospheric", "JJ", 1, 4562], [915, "CO2", "co2", "NNP", 1, 4563], [936, "fertilization", "fertilization", "NN", 1, 4564], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 4565], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4566], [937, "greening", "green", "VBG", 1, 4567], [387, "trend", "trend", "NN", 1, 4568], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 4569], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 4570], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 4571], [622, "moisture", "moisture", "NN", 1, 4572], [294, "becomes", "become", "VBZ", 1, 4573], [222, "limiting", "limit", "VBG", 1, 4574], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4575]], "id": "0", "sha1": "fa77a7e1b3ed15b41c127443209c3e041137ef91"}
{"graf": [[938, "Copyright", "copyright", "NN", 1, 4576], [0, "2006", "2006", "CD", 0, 4577], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 4578], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4579], [800, "American", "american", "NNP", 1, 4580], [939, "Geophysical", "geophysical", "NNP", 1, 4581], [940, "Union", "union", "NNP", 1, 4582], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 4583], [218, "Climate", "climate", "NNP", 1, 4584], [564, "sensitivity", "sensitivity", "NN", 1, 4585], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4586], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 4587], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 4588], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 4589], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4590], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 4591], [214, "biome", "biome", "NN", 1, 4592], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4593]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ba2b442e329f8c1894cd27929a21226260b7e172"}
{"graf": [[245, "Rapid", "rapid", "JJ", 1, 4594], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 4595], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 4596], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 4597], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4598], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 4599], [214, "biome", "biome", "NN", 1, 4600], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 4601], [9, "been", "be", "VBN", 1, 4602], [748, "linked", "link", "VBN", 1, 4603], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 4604], [139, "increasing", "increase", "VBG", 1, 4605], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 4606], [941, "dominance", "dominance", "NN", 1, 4607], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4608]], "id": "0", "sha1": "49b98502446aff7f9c7401b1e867e12d188acfba"}
{"graf": [[207, "Shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 4609], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 4610], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 4611], [942, "modify", "modify", "VB", 1, 4612], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 4613], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 4614], [371, "altering", "alter", "VBG", 1, 4615], [389, "surface", "surface", "NN", 1, 4616], [738, "albedo", "albedo", "NN", 1, 4617], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4618], [555, "energy", "energy", "NN", 1, 4619], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4620], [419, "water", "water", "NN", 1, 4621], [824, "balance", "balance", "NN", 1, 4622], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4623], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4624], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "NN", 1, 4625], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4626], [0, "yet", "yet", "CC", 0, 4627], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4628], [120, "drivers", "driver", "NNS", 1, 4629], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4630], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 4631], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 4632], [321, "remain", "remain", "VBP", 1, 4633], [0, "poorly", "poorly", "RB", 0, 4634], [561, "understood", "understand", "VBN", 1, 4635], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4636]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2e1a6116139ae878c0a7e88b0c6fcdc44c88a358"}
{"graf": [[943, "Dendroecological", "dendroecological", "JJ", 1, 4637], [318, "data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 4638], [944, "consisting", "consist", "VBG", 1, 4639], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4640], [945, "multi-decadal", "multi-decadal", "NN", 1, 4641], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 4642], [946, "series", "series", "NN", 1, 4643], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4644], [779, "annual", "annual", "JJ", 1, 4645], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 4646], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 4647], [263, "provide", "provide", "VB", 1, 4648], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 4649], [947, "underused", "underused", "JJ", 1, 4650], [742, "resource", "resource", "NN", 1, 4651], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 4652], [917, "explore", "explore", "VB", 1, 4653], [948, "climate-growth", "climate-growth", "NN", 1, 4654], [725, "relationships", "relationship", "NNS", 1, 4655], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4656]], "id": "0", "sha1": "06c8a53c73f9b0a70d09822f361938d0b011a367"}
{"graf": [[0, "Here", "here", "RB", 0, 4657], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4658], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 4659], [753, "analyse", "analyse", "VBP", 1, 4660], [443, "circumpolar", "circumpolar", "JJ", 1, 4661], [318, "data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 4662], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 4663], [0, "37", "37", "CD", 0, 4664], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 4665], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4666], [531, "alpine", "alpine", "JJ", 1, 4667], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 4668], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 4669], [0, "9", "9", "CD", 0, 4670], [449, "countries", "country", "NNS", 1, 4671], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4672], [38, "including", "include", "VBG", 1, 4673], [0, "25", "25", "CD", 0, 4674], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 4675], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4676], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4677], [949, "\u00e2", "\u00e2", "NNP", 1, 4678], [0, "1/442,000", "1/442,000", "CD", 0, 4679], [779, "annual", "annual", "JJ", 1, 4680], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 4681], [401, "records", "record", "NNS", 1, 4682], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 4683], [0, "1,821", "1,821", "CD", 0, 4684], [569, "individuals", "individual", "NNS", 1, 4685], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4686]], "id": "0", "sha1": "5a1a1de1b88c1ece605431129d49c0a7c22f2505"}
{"graf": [[0, "Our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 4687], [1, "analyses", "analysis", "NNS", 1, 4688], [950, "demonstrate", "demonstrate", "VBP", 1, 4689], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 4690], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4691], [564, "sensitivity", "sensitivity", "NN", 1, 4692], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4693], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 4694], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 4695], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 4696], [218, "climate", "climate", "VB", 1, 4697], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 4698], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 4699], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 4700], [0, "1", "1", "LS", 0, 4701], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 4702], [951, "heterogeneous", "heterogeneous", "JJ", 1, 4703], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4704], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 4705], [174, "European", "european", "JJ", 1, 4706], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 4707], [68, "showing", "show", "VBG", 1, 4708], [595, "greater", "greater", "JJR", 1, 4709], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 4710], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 4711], [564, "sensitivity", "sensitivity", "NN", 1, 4712], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 4713], [45, "North", "north", "JJ", 1, 4714], [800, "American", "american", "JJ", 1, 4715], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 4716], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4717], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4718], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 4719], [0, "2", "2", "LS", 0, 4720], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 4721], [594, "higher", "higher", "JJR", 1, 4722], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 4723], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 4724], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 4725], [595, "greater", "greater", "JJR", 1, 4726], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 4727], [622, "moisture", "moisture", "NN", 1, 4728], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4729], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 4730], [952, "taller", "taller", "JJR", 1, 4731], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 4732], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 4733], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 4734], [953, "example", "example", "NN", 1, 4735], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4736], [343, "alders", "alder", "NNS", 1, 4737], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4738], [344, "willows", "willow", "NNS", 1, 4739], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 4740], [246, "growing", "grow", "VBG", 1, 4741], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 4742], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 4743], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 4744], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 4745], [954, "upper", "upper", "JJ", 1, 4746], [955, "elevational", "elevational", "JJ", 1, 4747], [97, "range", "range", "NN", 1, 4748], [956, "edges", "edge", "NNS", 1, 4749], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4750]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b1a94b1e4cf7c7ffec3e37b1ff33c0df947b8d3a"}
{"graf": [[0, "Across", "across", "IN", 0, 4751], [957, "latitude", "latitude", "NN", 1, 4752], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4753], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 4754], [564, "sensitivity", "sensitivity", "NN", 1, 4755], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4756], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 4757], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 4758], [958, "greatest", "greatest", "JJS", 1, 4759], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 4760], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4761], [959, "boundary", "boundary", "NN", 1, 4762], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 4763], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4764], [203, "Low", "low", "NNP", 1, 4765], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4766], [180, "High", "high", "JJ", 1, 4767], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 4768], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4769], [0, "where", "where", "WRB", 0, 4770], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "NN", 1, 4771], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 4772], [546, "thawing", "thaw", "VBG", 1, 4773], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4774], [221, "most", "most", "JJS", 1, 4775], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4776], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4777], [69, "global", "global", "JJ", 1, 4778], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "JJ", 1, 4779], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 4780], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 4781], [960, "pool", "pool", "NN", 1, 4782], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 4783], [961, "stored", "store", "VBN", 1, 4784], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4785]], "id": "0", "sha1": "313588e7d1428b33339c46f9686beaa425969380"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 4786], [962, "observed", "observed", "JJ", 1, 4787], [631, "variation", "variation", "NN", 1, 4788], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 4789], [963, "climate-shrub", "climate-shrub", "NN", 1, 4790], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 4791], [725, "relationships", "relationship", "NNS", 1, 4792], [0, "should", "should", "MD", 0, 4793], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 4794], [964, "incorporated", "incorporate", "VBN", 1, 4795], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 4796], [965, "Earth", "earth", "NNP", 1, 4797], [103, "system", "system", "NN", 1, 4798], [317, "models", "model", "NNS", 1, 4799], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 4800], [916, "improve", "improve", "VB", 1, 4801], [112, "future", "future", "JJ", 1, 4802], [966, "projections", "projection", "NNS", 1, 4803], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4804], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 4805], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 4806], [381, "impacts", "impact", "NNS", 1, 4807], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 4808], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4809], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 4810], [214, "biome", "biome", "NN", 1, 4811], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4812]], "id": "0", "sha1": "309f182889edb8ccb07dcb53d6c3d8853e96b113"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 4813], [0, "2015", "2015", "CD", 0, 4814], [771, "Macmillan", "macmillan", "NNP", 1, 4815], [772, "Publishers", "publishers", "NNPS", 1, 4816], [158, "Limited", "limited", "NNP", 1, 4817], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 4818], [273, "Progressive", "progressive", "NNP", 1, 4819], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 4820], [274, "limitation", "limitation", "NN", 1, 4821], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 4822], [105, "forests", "forest", "NNS", 1, 4823], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 4824], [651, "review", "review", "NN", 1, 4825], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4826], [266, "implications", "implication", "NNS", 1, 4827], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 4828], [137, "long-term", "long-term", "JJ", 1, 4829], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 4830], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 4831], [967, "elevated", "elevate", "VBN", 1, 4832], [968, "CO2.Field", "co2.field", "NNP", 1, 4833], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 4834], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 4835], [68, "shown", "show", "VBN", 1, 4836], [0, "that", "that", "DT", 0, 4837], [969, "elevated", "elevated", "JJ", 1, 4838], [915, "CO2", "co2", "NNP", 1, 4839], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 4840], [257, "cause", "cause", "VB", 1, 4841], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 4842], [105, "forest", "forest", "NN", 1, 4843], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 4844], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 4845], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4846], [224, "short", "short", "JJ", 1, 4847], [262, "term", "term", "NN", 1, 4848], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 4849], [0, "&", "&", ".", 0, 4850], [970, "lt;6", "lt;6", "JJ", 1, 4851], [332, "years", "year", "NNS", 1, 4852], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 4853], [0, "even", "even", "RB", 0, 4854], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 4855], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4856], [971, "face", "face", "NN", 1, 4857], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4858], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 4859], [274, "limitation", "limitation", "NN", 1, 4860], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4861]], "id": "0", "sha1": "fc9aa6abb6613c4fa434caba4b6d4ca653f7819f"}
{"graf": [[0, "This", "this", "DT", 0, 4862], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 4863], [972, "facilitated", "facilitate", "VBN", 1, 4864], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 4865], [0, "some", "some", "DT", 0, 4866], [576, "degree", "degree", "NN", 1, 4867], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 4868], [595, "greater", "greater", "JJR", 1, 4869], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 4870], [311, "production", "production", "NN", 1, 4871], [0, "per", "per", "IN", 0, 4872], [48, "unit", "unit", "NN", 1, 4873], [82, "N", "n", "NN", 1, 4874], [973, "uptake", "uptake", "NN", 1, 4875], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 4876], [592, "lower", "lower", "JJR", 1, 4877], [974, "tissue", "tissue", "NN", 1, 4878], [82, "N", "n", "NN", 1, 4879], [301, "concentrations", "concentration", "NNS", 1, 4880], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 4881], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4882], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 4883], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 4884], [0, "often", "often", "RB", 0, 4885], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 4886], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 4887], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4888], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 4889], [973, "uptake", "uptake", "NN", 1, 4890], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 4891], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 4892], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 4893], [969, "elevated", "elevated", "JJ", 1, 4894], [915, "CO2", "co2", "NNP", 1, 4895], [0, "as", "as", "RB", 0, 4896], [0, "well", "well", "RB", 0, 4897], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4898]], "id": "0", "sha1": "87cdc904acfcd413cb9b7e93273ae742c5290034"}
{"graf": [[0, "Some", "some", "DT", 0, 4899], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 4900], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 4901], [68, "show", "show", "VBP", 1, 4902], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 4903], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 4904], [283, "sequestration", "sequestration", "NN", 1, 4905], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 4906], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4907], [105, "forest", "forest", "NN", 1, 4908], [975, "floor", "floor", "NN", 1, 4909], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 4910], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 4911], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 4912], [969, "elevated", "elevated", "JJ", 1, 4913], [976, "CO", "co", "NNP", 1, 4914], [0, "2", "2", "CD", 0, 4915], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4916]], "id": "0", "sha1": "9438e3f28bb74b41d5665b166c5b0f26ab1a8085"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 4917], [533, "findings", "finding", "NNS", 1, 4918], [977, "raise", "raise", "VBP", 1, 4919], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4920], [445, "questions", "question", "NNS", 1, 4921], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4922], [0, "where", "where", "WRB", 0, 4923], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4924], [0, "\"", "\"", ".", 0, 4925], [978, "extra", "extra", "JJ", 1, 4926], [0, "\"", "\"", ".", 0, 4927], [82, "N", "n", "NN", 1, 4928], [439, "comes", "come", "VBZ", 1, 4929], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 4930], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4931], [0, "how", "how", "WRB", 0, 4932], [792, "long", "long", "JJ", 1, 4933], [132, "such", "such", "JJ", 1, 4934], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 4935], [139, "increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 4936], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 4937], [370, "continue", "continue", "VB", 1, 4938], [0, "without", "without", "IN", 0, 4939], [9, "being", "be", "VBG", 1, 4940], [979, "truncated", "truncate", "VBN", 1, 4941], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 4942], [273, "progressive", "progressive", "JJ", 1, 4943], [82, "N", "n", "NNS", 1, 4944], [274, "limitation", "limitation", "NN", 1, 4945], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 4946], [292, "PNL", "pnl", "NNP", 1, 4947], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 4948], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4949]], "id": "0", "sha1": "bbd4746963b11f980ec72df1393fe49b2ba52b8e"}
{"graf": [[0, "This", "this", "DT", 0, 4950], [8, "paper", "paper", "NN", 1, 4951], [651, "reviews", "review", "VBZ", 1, 4952], [0, "some", "some", "DT", 0, 4953], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4954], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4955], [806, "early", "early", "JJ", 1, 4956], [559, "nutrient", "nutrient", "JJ", 1, 4957], [722, "cycling", "cycling", "NN", 1, 4958], [980, "literature", "literature", "NN", 1, 4959], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 4960], [604, "describes", "describe", "VBZ", 1, 4961], [292, "PNL", "pnl", "NNP", 1, 4962], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 4963], [105, "forest", "forest", "NN", 1, 4964], [981, "stand", "stand", "NN", 1, 4965], [859, "development", "development", "NN", 1, 4966], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 4967], [982, "attempts", "attempt", "NNS", 1, 4968], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 4969], [4, "use", "use", "VB", 1, 4970], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 4971], [467, "information", "information", "NN", 1, 4972], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4973], [0, "along", "along", "IN", 0, 4974], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 4975], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 4976], [859, "developments", "development", "NNS", 1, 4977], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 4978], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 4979], [0, "N", "n", "CC", 0, 4980], [323, "research", "research", "NN", 1, 4981], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 4982], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 4983], [983, "put", "put", "VB", 1, 4984], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4985], [279, "issue", "issue", "NN", 1, 4986], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4987], [292, "PNL", "pnl", "NNP", 1, 4988], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 4989], [969, "elevated", "elevated", "JJ", 1, 4990], [915, "CO2", "co2", "NNP", 1, 4991], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 4992], [984, "perspective", "perspective", "NN", 1, 4993], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 4994]], "id": "0", "sha1": "845192cf6acf46d564239c6b95a1e562ff7e679d"}
{"graf": [[0, "Some", "some", "DT", 0, 4995], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 4996], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 4997], [806, "early", "early", "JJ", 1, 4998], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 4999], [56, "indicated", "indicate", "VBD", 1, 5000], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 5001], [450, "trees", "tree", "NNS", 1, 5002], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 5003], [0, "effectively", "effectively", "RB", 0, 5004], [0, "\"", "\"", ".", 0, 5005], [985, "mine", "mine", "NN", 1, 5006], [0, "\"", "\"", ".", 0, 5007], [0, "N", "n", "CC", 0, 5008], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 5009], [167, "soils", "soil", "NNS", 1, 5010], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 5011], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5012], [792, "long", "long", "JJ", 1, 5013], [262, "term", "term", "NN", 1, 5014], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5015], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5016], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 5017], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 5018], [859, "developments", "development", "NNS", 1, 5019], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5020], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 5021], [0, "N", "n", "CC", 0, 5022], [722, "cycling", "cycling", "NN", 1, 5023], [323, "research", "research", "NN", 1, 5024], [367, "suggest", "suggest", "VBP", 1, 5025], [108, "mechanisms", "mechanism", "NNS", 1, 5026], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 5027], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 5028], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 5029], [0, "might", "might", "MD", 0, 5030], [155, "have", "have", "VB", 1, 5031], [791, "occurred", "occur", "VBN", 1, 5032], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5033]], "id": "0", "sha1": "4d3e2837ea5a5d298703251e184f3638a0393446"}
{"graf": [[0, "However", "however", "RB", 0, 5034], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5035], [0, "both", "both", "CC", 0, 5036], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5037], [806, "early", "early", "JJ", 1, 5038], [559, "nutrient", "nutrient", "JJ", 1, 5039], [722, "cycling", "cycling", "NN", 1, 5040], [980, "literature", "literature", "NN", 1, 5041], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5042], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 5043], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 5044], [929, "simulation", "simulation", "NN", 1, 5045], [317, "modeling", "model", "VBG", 1, 5046], [367, "suggest", "suggest", "VBP", 1, 5047], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 5048], [292, "PNL", "pnl", "NNP", 1, 5049], [0, "will", "will", "MD", 0, 5050], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 5051], [0, "some", "some", "DT", 0, 5052], [29, "point", "point", "NN", 1, 5053], [979, "truncate", "truncate", "VB", 1, 5054], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5055], [962, "observed", "observed", "JJ", 1, 5056], [139, "increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 5057], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5058], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 5059], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5060], [559, "nutrient", "nutrient", "JJ", 1, 5061], [973, "uptake", "uptake", "NN", 1, 5062], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 5063], [969, "elevated", "elevated", "JJ", 1, 5064], [915, "CO2", "co2", "NNP", 1, 5065], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5066], [0, "unless", "unless", "IN", 0, 5067], [986, "external", "external", "JJ", 1, 5068], [987, "inputs", "input", "NNS", 1, 5069], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5070], [82, "N", "n", "NN", 1, 5071], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 5072], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 5073], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 5074], [0, "either", "either", "CC", 0, 5075], [0, "N", "n", "CC", 0, 5076], [988, "fixation", "fixation", "NN", 1, 5077], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 5078], [81, "atmospheric", "atmospheric", "JJ", 1, 5079], [75, "deposition", "deposition", "NN", 1, 5080], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5081]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c31402d40e58f1affe4fdcd12b909af16ab6a77b"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 5082], [0, "2006", "2006", "CD", 0, 5083], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 5084], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5085], [205, "Ecological", "ecological", "NNP", 1, 5086], [206, "Society", "society", "NNP", 1, 5087], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5088], [89, "America", "america", "NNP", 1, 5089], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 5090], [525, "Dynamics", "dynamic", "NNS", 1, 5091], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5092], [989, "aboveground", "aboveground", "NN", 1, 5093], [990, "phytomass", "phytomass", "NN", 1, 5094], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5095], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5096], [443, "circumpolar", "circumpolar", "JJ", 1, 5097], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 5098], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 5099], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 5100], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5101], [331, "past", "past", "JJ", 1, 5102], [0, "three", "three", "CD", 0, 5103], [195, "decades", "decade", "NNS", 1, 5104], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5105]], "id": "0", "sha1": "9c6d86999ac102b121d12218a3692572bf911083"}
{"graf": [[517, "Numerous", "numerous", "JJ", 1, 5106], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 5107], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 5108], [25, "evaluated", "evaluate", "VBN", 1, 5109], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5110], [525, "dynamics", "dynamic", "NNS", 1, 5111], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5112], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 5113], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 5114], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 5115], [0, "throughout", "throughout", "IN", 0, 5116], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5117], [331, "past", "past", "JJ", 1, 5118], [883, "few", "few", "JJ", 1, 5119], [195, "decades", "decade", "NNS", 1, 5120], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5121], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 5122], [0, "remotely", "remotely", "RB", 0, 5123], [353, "sensed", "sense", "VBN", 1, 5124], [812, "proxies", "proxy", "NNS", 1, 5125], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5126], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 5127], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5128], [132, "such", "such", "JJ", 1, 5129], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 5130], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5131], [355, "normalized", "normalized", "JJ", 1, 5132], [356, "difference", "difference", "NN", 1, 5133], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 5134], [358, "index", "index", "NN", 1, 5135], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 5136], [991, "NDVI", "ndvi", "NNP", 1, 5137], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 5138], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5139]], "id": "0", "sha1": "37dc6c84c4ee50f17892c3b5f4b65f723163e69e"}
{"graf": [[0, "While", "while", "IN", 0, 5140], [0, "extremely", "extremely", "RB", 0, 5141], [711, "useful", "useful", "JJ", 1, 5142], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5143], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 5144], [992, "coarse-scale", "coarse-scale", "JJ", 1, 5145], [993, "satellite-derived", "satellite-derived", "NN", 1, 5146], [233, "measurements", "measurement", "NNS", 1, 5147], [814, "give", "give", "VBP", 1, 5148], [0, "us", "us", "PRP", 0, 5149], [994, "minimal", "minimal", "JJ", 1, 5150], [467, "information", "information", "NN", 1, 5151], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 5152], [995, "regard", "regard", "NN", 1, 5153], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 5154], [0, "how", "how", "WRB", 0, 5155], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 5156], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 5157], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 5158], [9, "being", "be", "VBG", 1, 5159], [996, "expressed", "express", "VBN", 1, 5160], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 5161], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5162], [763, "ground", "ground", "NN", 1, 5163], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5164], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5165], [262, "terms", "term", "NNS", 1, 5166], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5167], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 5168], [554, "structure", "structure", "NN", 1, 5169], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5170], [374, "function", "function", "NN", 1, 5171], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5172]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ca64fade55ae96f29898d092fb504618a5b1a9f7"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 5173], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 5174], [1, "analysis", "analysis", "NN", 1, 5175], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5176], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 5177], [4, "used", "use", "VBD", 1, 5178], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 5179], [427, "strong", "strong", "JJ", 1, 5180], [930, "regression", "regression", "NN", 1, 5181], [317, "model", "model", "NN", 1, 5182], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 5183], [991, "NDVI", "ndvi", "NNP", 1, 5184], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5185], [989, "aboveground", "aboveground", "JJ", 1, 5186], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 5187], [990, "phytomass", "phytomass", "NN", 1, 5188], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5189], [997, "developed", "develop", "VBN", 1, 5190], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 5191], [821, "extensive", "extensive", "JJ", 1, 5192], [998, "field-harvested", "field-harvest", "NN", 1, 5193], [233, "measurements", "measurement", "NNS", 1, 5194], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5195], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 5196], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 5197], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5198], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 5199], [113, "estimate", "estimate", "VB", 1, 5200], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5201], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 5202], [525, "dynamics", "dynamic", "NNS", 1, 5203], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5204], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5205], [443, "circumpolar", "circumpolar", "JJ", 1, 5206], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 5207], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 5208], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 5209], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5210], [434, "period", "period", "NN", 1, 5211], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5212], [830, "continuous", "continuous", "JJ", 1, 5213], [539, "satellite", "satellite", "NN", 1, 5214], [401, "records", "record", "NNS", 1, 5215], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 5216], [0, "1982", "1982", "CD", 0, 5217], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 5218], [0, "2010", "2010", "CD", 0, 5219], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 5220], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5221]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c59173fc9800406216cf9a99dddbbf48cca8983d"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 5222], [338, "found", "find", "VBD", 1, 5223], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 5224], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5225], [999, "southernmost", "southernmost", "JJ", 1, 5226], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 5227], [448, "subzones", "subzone", "NNS", 1, 5228], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 5229], [1000, "C-E", "c-e", "NNP", 1, 5230], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 5231], [1001, "dominate", "dominate", "VB", 1, 5232], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5233], [139, "increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 5234], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5235], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 5236], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5237], [97, "ranging", "range", "VBG", 1, 5238], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 5239], [0, "20", "20", "CD", 0, 5240], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 5241], [0, "26%", "26%", "CD", 0, 5242], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5243], [0, "although", "although", "IN", 0, 5244], [0, "there", "there", "EX", 0, 5245], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 5246], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 5247], [180, "high", "high", "JJ", 1, 5248], [576, "degree", "degree", "NN", 1, 5249], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5250], [164, "heterogeneity", "heterogeneity", "NN", 1, 5251], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 5252], [183, "regions", "region", "NNS", 1, 5253], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5254], [1002, "floristic", "floristic", "JJ", 1, 5255], [1003, "provinces", "province", "NNS", 1, 5256], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5257], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5258], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 5259], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 5260], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5261]], "id": "0", "sha1": "57999aff668cafbae655383c824e117af2a83dc2"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 5262], [113, "estimated", "estimate", "VBN", 1, 5263], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 5264], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5265], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 5266], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5267], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5268], [989, "aboveground", "aboveground", "NN", 1, 5269], [1004, "live", "live", "JJ", 1, 5270], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 5271], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5272], [1005, "0.40PgC", "0.40pgc", "NFP", 1, 5273], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 5274], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5275], [331, "past", "past", "JJ", 1, 5276], [0, "three", "three", "CD", 0, 5277], [195, "decades", "decade", "NNS", 1, 5278], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 5279], [384, "substantial", "substantial", "JJ", 1, 5280], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5281], [0, "although", "although", "IN", 0, 5282], [0, "quite", "quite", "RB", 0, 5283], [610, "small", "small", "JJ", 1, 5284], [570, "relative", "relative", "NN", 1, 5285], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 5286], [548, "anthropogenic", "anthropogenic", "VB", 1, 5287], [282, "C", "c", "NN", 1, 5288], [1006, "emissions", "emission", "NNS", 1, 5289], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5290]], "id": "0", "sha1": "16b21ab9b8b244dab85e2f4ffee3f9c5d788d281"}
{"graf": [[0, "However", "however", "RB", 0, 5291], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5292], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 5293], [0, "19.8%", "19.8%", "CD", 0, 5294], [842, "average", "average", "JJ", 1, 5295], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 5296], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5297], [989, "aboveground", "aboveground", "NN", 1, 5298], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 5299], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 5300], [117, "major", "major", "JJ", 1, 5301], [266, "implications", "implication", "NNS", 1, 5302], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 5303], [0, "nearly", "nearly", "RB", 0, 5304], [0, "all", "all", "DT", 0, 5305], [1007, "aspects", "aspect", "NNS", 1, 5306], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5307], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 5308], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 5309], [38, "including", "include", "VBG", 1, 5310], [1008, "hydrology", "hydrology", "NN", 1, 5311], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5312], [833, "active", "active", "JJ", 1, 5313], [584, "layer", "layer", "NN", 1, 5314], [831, "depths", "depth", "NNS", 1, 5315], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5316], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "JJ", 1, 5317], [544, "regimes", "regime", "NNS", 1, 5318], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5319], [863, "wildlife", "wildlife", "NN", 1, 5320], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5321], [377, "human", "human", "JJ", 1, 5322], [4, "use", "use", "NN", 1, 5323], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5324], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 5325], [477, "landscapes", "landscape", "NNS", 1, 5326], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5327]], "id": "0", "sha1": "6706745ce3548a98f72f8fc8348c291eaed31bd0"}
{"graf": [[0, "While", "while", "IN", 0, 5328], [0, "spatially", "spatially", "RB", 0, 5329], [821, "extensive", "extensive", "JJ", 1, 5330], [0, "on-the-ground", "on-the-ground", "IN", 0, 5331], [233, "measurements", "measurement", "NNS", 1, 5332], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5333], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 5334], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 5335], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 5336], [1009, "conducted", "conduct", "VBN", 1, 5337], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5338], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5339], [859, "development", "development", "NN", 1, 5340], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5341], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 5342], [1, "analysis", "analysis", "NN", 1, 5343], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5344], [1010, "validation", "validation", "NN", 1, 5345], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 5346], [0, "still", "still", "RB", 0, 5347], [1011, "impossible", "impossible", "JJ", 1, 5348], [0, "without", "without", "IN", 0, 5349], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 5350], [329, "repeated", "repeat", "VBN", 1, 5351], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5352], [137, "long-term", "long-term", "JJ", 1, 5353], [527, "monitoring", "monitoring", "NN", 1, 5354], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5355], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 5356], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 5357], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 5358], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5359], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5360], [92, "field", "field", "NN", 1, 5361], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5362]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8b0fedc7539dd86843f06f6e9487421ffa758786"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 5363], [0, "2012", "2012", "CD", 0, 5364], [573, "IOP", "iop", "NNP", 1, 5365], [379, "Publishing", "publishing", "NNP", 1, 5366], [380, "Ltd", "ltd", "NNP", 1, 5367], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 5368], [1012, "Eurasian", "eurasian", "JJ", 1, 5369], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 5370], [776, "greening", "greening", "NN", 1, 5371], [61, "reveals", "reveal", "VBZ", 1, 5372], [1013, "teleconnections", "teleconnection", "NNS", 1, 5373], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5374], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5375], [313, "potential", "potential", "JJ", 1, 5376], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 5377], [0, "structurally", "structurally", "RB", 0, 5378], [1014, "novel", "novel", "JJ", 1, 5379], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 5380], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5381]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2357ebef4981e7e9f45824cd61c9c61f1702eaa4"}
{"graf": [[101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 5382], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 5383], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 5384], [9, "been", "be", "VBN", 1, 5385], [748, "linked", "link", "VBN", 1, 5386], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 5387], [244, "observed", "observe", "VBN", 1, 5388], [139, "increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 5389], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5390], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 5391], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 5392], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 5393], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5394], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 5395], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5396], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 5397], [195, "decades", "decade", "NNS", 1, 5398], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 5399], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5400], [1015, "basis", "basis", "NN", 1, 5401], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5402], [802, "significant", "significant", "JJ", 1, 5403], [725, "relationships", "relationship", "NNS", 1, 5404], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 5405], [251, "deciduous", "deciduous", "JJ", 1, 5406], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 5407], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 5408], [0, "/", "/", ".", 0, 5409], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 5410], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5411], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 5412], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5413]], "id": "0", "sha1": "77661fa760eeb742b9edd338a2e7eddbaf846891"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 5414], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 5415], [387, "trends", "trend", "NNS", 1, 5416], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 5417], [9, "been", "be", "VBN", 1, 5418], [748, "linked", "link", "VBN", 1, 5419], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 5420], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 5421], [1016, "sea-ice", "sea-ice", "NN", 1, 5422], [258, "decline", "decline", "NN", 1, 5423], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5424], [0, "thus", "thus", "RB", 0, 5425], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 5426], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5427], [1017, "sea-ice-albedo", "sea-ice-albedo", "NN", 1, 5428], [536, "feedback", "feedback", "NN", 1, 5429], [734, "known", "know", "VBN", 1, 5430], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 5431], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 5432], [382, "amplification", "amplification", "NN", 1, 5433], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5434]], "id": "0", "sha1": "3a43ff3a80e8663f120135dd56bfe89209b3e070"}
{"graf": [[0, "However", "however", "RB", 0, 5435], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5436], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5437], [128, "interactions", "interaction", "NNS", 1, 5438], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 5439], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 5440], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5441], [411, "sea", "sea", "NN", 1, 5442], [412, "ice", "ice", "NN", 1, 5443], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5444], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 5445], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 5446], [321, "remain", "remain", "VBP", 1, 5447], [0, "poorly", "poorly", "RB", 0, 5448], [561, "understood", "understand", "VBN", 1, 5449], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5450]], "id": "0", "sha1": "1536811d5769e8ed2f3e1ec7ce4968aa47ef81e9"}
{"graf": [[0, "Here", "here", "RB", 0, 5451], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 5452], [61, "reveal", "reveal", "VBP", 1, 5453], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 5454], [1018, "50-year", "50-year", "JJ", 1, 5455], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 5456], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 5457], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 5458], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 5459], [0, ">", ">", ".", 0, 5460], [0, "100,000\u011d\u20ac\u2030km", "100,000\u011d\u20ac\u2030km", "CD", 0, 5461], [0, "2", "2", "CD", 0, 5462], [169, "area", "area", "NN", 1, 5463], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 5464], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 5465], [275, "rise", "rise", "NN", 1, 5466], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5467], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 5468], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 5469], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 5470], [343, "alder", "alder", "NN", 1, 5471], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 5472], [1019, "Alnus", "alnus", "NNP", 1, 5473], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 5474], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5475], [344, "willow", "willow", "JJ", 1, 5476], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 5477], [781, "Salix", "salix", "NNP", 1, 5478], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 5479], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5480], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5481], [0, "most", "most", "RBS", 0, 5482], [502, "abundant", "abundant", "JJ", 1, 5483], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 5484], [1020, "genera", "genera", "NN", 1, 5485], [0, "respectively", "respectively", "RB", 0, 5486], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 5487], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5488], [45, "north", "north", "NN", 1, 5489], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5490], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5491], [923, "continental", "continental", "JJ", 1, 5492], [1021, "treeline", "treeline", "NN", 1, 5493], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5494]], "id": "0", "sha1": "5aa9a65cda0630cb013e06569412125df94b6445"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 5495], [950, "demonstrate", "demonstrate", "VBP", 1, 5496], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 5497], [0, "whereas", "whereas", "IN", 0, 5498], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 5499], [540, "productivity", "productivity", "NN", 1, 5500], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 5501], [1022, "related", "related", "JJ", 1, 5502], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 5503], [411, "sea", "sea", "NN", 1, 5504], [412, "ice", "ice", "NN", 1, 5505], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5506], [847, "late", "late", "JJ", 1, 5507], [1023, "spring", "spring", "NN", 1, 5508], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5509], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5510], [246, "growing", "grow", "VBG", 1, 5511], [247, "season", "season", "NN", 1, 5512], [1024, "peak", "peak", "NN", 1, 5513], [219, "responds", "respond", "VBZ", 1, 5514], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 5515], [1025, "persistent", "persistent", "JJ", 1, 5516], [1026, "synoptic-scale", "synoptic-scale", "JJ", 1, 5517], [241, "air", "air", "NN", 1, 5518], [1027, "masses", "mass", "NNS", 1, 5519], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 5520], [341, "West", "west", "NNP", 1, 5521], [794, "Siberia", "siberia", "NNP", 1, 5522], [430, "associated", "associate", "VBN", 1, 5523], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 5524], [1028, "Fennoscandian", "fennoscandian", "JJ", 1, 5525], [1029, "weather", "weather", "NN", 1, 5526], [103, "systems", "system", "NNS", 1, 5527], [0, "through", "through", "IN", 0, 5528], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5529], [1030, "Rossby", "rossby", "NNP", 1, 5530], [1031, "wave", "wave", "NN", 1, 5531], [1032, "train", "train", "NN", 1, 5532], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5533]], "id": "0", "sha1": "efb0a7d4f798142d15f90c2d86b8df72eef28003"}
{"graf": [[479, "Substrate", "substrate", "NN", 1, 5534], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 5535], [192, "important", "important", "JJ", 1, 5536], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 5537], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 5538], [119, "accumulation", "accumulation", "NN", 1, 5539], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5540], [0, "yet", "yet", "CC", 0, 5541], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 5542], [427, "strong", "strong", "JJ", 1, 5543], [790, "correlation", "correlation", "NN", 1, 5544], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 5545], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 5546], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5547], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 5548], [1033, "encompasses", "encompass", "VBZ", 1, 5549], [0, "all", "all", "DT", 0, 5550], [962, "observed", "observed", "JJ", 1, 5551], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 5552], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 5553], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5554]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8aa06f0bfe6c829320c14eae6a5e9de5249ef569"}
{"graf": [[357, "Vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 5555], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 5556], [0, "especially", "especially", "RB", 0, 5557], [1034, "responsive", "responsive", "JJ", 1, 5558], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 5559], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "VB", 1, 5560], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5561], [806, "early", "early", "JJ", 1, 5562], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 5563], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5564]], "id": "0", "sha1": "79519b0ef6e4ea9ccdb7d9e4836f0841d7a6ae32"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 5565], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 5566], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 5567], [802, "significant", "significant", "JJ", 1, 5568], [266, "implications", "implication", "NNS", 1, 5569], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 5570], [317, "modelling", "model", "VBG", 1, 5571], [913, "present", "present", "JJ", 1, 5572], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5573], [112, "future", "future", "JJ", 1, 5574], [203, "Low", "low", "JJ", 1, 5575], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 5576], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 5577], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 5578], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 5579], [218, "climate", "climate", "VB", 1, 5580], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 5581], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5582], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5583], [1035, "emphasize", "emphasize", "VB", 1, 5584], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5585], [313, "potential", "potential", "NN", 1, 5586], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 5587], [0, "structurally", "structurally", "RB", 0, 5588], [1014, "novel", "novel", "JJ", 1, 5589], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 5590], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 5591], [1036, "emerge", "emerge", "VB", 1, 5592], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 5593], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 5594], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5595], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 5596], [768, "zone", "zone", "NN", 1, 5597], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5598]], "id": "0", "sha1": "df833fff96a41428eb474e2b8c1c9ad3aeec535a"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 5599], [0, "2012", "2012", "CD", 0, 5600], [771, "Macmillan", "macmillan", "NNP", 1, 5601], [772, "Publishers", "publishers", "NNPS", 1, 5602], [158, "Limited", "limited", "NNP", 1, 5603], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5604]], "id": "0", "sha1": "72d80d07b31e5d0a8da29d6363cd73d6540791aa"}
{"graf": [[0, "All", "all", "DT", 0, 5605], [773, "rights", "right", "NNS", 1, 5606], [774, "reserved", "reserve", "VBN", 1, 5607], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 5608], [1002, "Floristic", "floristic", "JJ", 1, 5609], [1037, "division", "division", "NN", 1, 5610], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5611], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5612], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 5613], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5614]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0405b0273b29d0a399a680611158425191c6c97f"}
{"graf": [[1038, "Abstract", "abstract", "NN", 1, 5615], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 5616], [0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 5617], [176, "progress", "progress", "NN", 1, 5618], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5619], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5620], [1002, "floristic", "floristic", "JJ", 1, 5621], [39, "study", "study", "NN", 1, 5622], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5623], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5624], [443, "circumpolar", "circumpolar", "JJ", 1, 5625], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 5626], [0, "since", "since", "IN", 0, 5627], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5628], [1039, "1940s", "1940", "NNS", 1, 5629], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 5630], [1040, "summarized", "summarize", "VBN", 1, 5631], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5632], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 5633], [289, "new", "new", "JJ", 1, 5634], [1002, "floristic", "floristic", "JJ", 1, 5635], [1037, "division", "division", "NN", 1, 5636], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5637], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 5638], [183, "region", "region", "NN", 1, 5639], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 5640], [913, "presented", "present", "VBN", 1, 5641], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5642]], "id": "0", "sha1": "4e1923c8fcb05de523a7e64a6cf27ac53dec16e2"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 5643], [1041, "treeless", "treeless", "JJ", 1, 5644], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 5645], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5646], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5647], [45, "North", "north", "NNP", 1, 5648], [665, "Atlantic", "atlantic", "NNP", 1, 5649], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5650], [45, "North", "north", "NNP", 1, 5651], [1042, "Pacific", "pacific", "NNP", 1, 5652], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 5653], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 5654], [416, "oceanic", "oceanic", "JJ", 1, 5655], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 5656], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5657], [1043, "absence", "absence", "NN", 1, 5658], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5659], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "NN", 1, 5660], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5661], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 5662], [0, "very", "very", "RB", 0, 5663], [180, "high", "high", "JJ", 1, 5664], [864, "proportion", "proportion", "NN", 1, 5665], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5666], [102, "boreal", "boreal", "NN", 1, 5667], [705, "taxa", "taxa", "NN", 1, 5668], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 5669], [1044, "excluded", "exclude", "VBN", 1, 5670], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 5671], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5672], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 5673], [1045, "proper", "proper", "NN", 1, 5674], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5675]], "id": "0", "sha1": "132885b096b01efff04532a0013ab92d71fe5359"}
{"graf": [[0, "It", "it", "PRP", 0, 5676], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 5677], [1046, "argued", "argue", "VBN", 1, 5678], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 5679], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5680], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 5681], [1047, "deserves", "deserve", "VBZ", 1, 5682], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5683], [1048, "status", "status", "NN", 1, 5684], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5685], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 5686], [1002, "floristic", "floristic", "JJ", 1, 5687], [183, "region", "region", "NN", 1, 5688], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5689]], "id": "0", "sha1": "3b142c309424d698e1fce464ce5c7d602bb2c0ce"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 5690], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 5691], [768, "zone", "zone", "NN", 1, 5692], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5693], [0, "some", "some", "DT", 0, 5694], [416, "oceanic", "oceanic", "JJ", 1, 5695], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 5696], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 5697], [1049, "divided", "divide", "VBN", 1, 5698], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 5699], [448, "subzones", "subzone", "NNS", 1, 5700], [473, "according", "accord", "VBG", 1, 5701], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 5702], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 5703], [638, "flora", "flora", "NN", 1, 5704], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5705], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 5706], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5707]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ed419720c3fff705cb84db2914ee6d21cd95525c"}
{"graf": [[0, "Two", "two", "CD", 0, 5708], [619, "groups", "group", "NNS", 1, 5709], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5710], [448, "subzones", "subzone", "NNS", 1, 5711], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 5712], [83, "recognized", "recognize", "VBN", 1, 5713], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 5714], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5715], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 5716], [619, "group", "group", "NN", 1, 5717], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 5718], [38, "including", "include", "VBG", 1, 5719], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5720], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 5721], [213, "tundras", "tundra", "NNS", 1, 5722], [1045, "proper", "proper", "JJ", 1, 5723], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5724], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5725], [180, "High", "high", "JJ", 1, 5726], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 5727], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 5728], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5729], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5730], [1050, "Hypoarctic", "hypoarctic", "NNP", 1, 5731], [619, "group", "group", "NN", 1, 5732], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5733]], "id": "0", "sha1": "40b7e61847df9ddb5f8427ad8c081ed0c4226264"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 5734], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 5735], [1051, "phytochorion", "phytochorion", "NN", 1, 5736], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 5737], [0, "floristically", "floristically", "RB", 0, 5738], [1049, "divided", "divide", "VBN", 1, 5739], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 5740], [1052, "sectors", "sector", "NNS", 1, 5741], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 5742], [0, "6", "6", "CD", 0, 5743], [1003, "provinces", "province", "NNS", 1, 5744], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5745], [0, "20", "20", "CD", 0, 5746], [1053, "subprovinces", "subprovince", "NNS", 1, 5747], [1054, "reflecting", "reflect", "VBG", 1, 5748], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5749], [556, "regional", "regional", "JJ", 1, 5750], [1055, "features", "feature", "NNS", 1, 5751], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5752], [0, "each", "each", "DT", 0, 5753], [1052, "sector", "sector", "NN", 1, 5754], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5755], [1056, "connection", "connection", "NN", 1, 5756], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 5757], [638, "flora", "flora", "NN", 1, 5758], [636, "history", "history", "NN", 1, 5759], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5760], [1057, "physiography", "physiography", "NN", 1, 5761], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5762], [1058, "continentality\u2010oceanity", "continentality\u2010oceanity", "NN", 1, 5763], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5764], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5765], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 5766], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5767]], "id": "0", "sha1": "641fb5a9ef248a2d6f20a6e7c25e6241e5312fff"}
{"graf": [[0, "Each", "each", "DT", 0, 5768], [1052, "sector", "sector", "NN", 1, 5769], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 5770], [604, "described", "describe", "VBN", 1, 5771], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5772], [684, "differentiated", "differentiate", "VBN", 1, 5773], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 5774], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 5775], [1059, "set", "set", "NN", 1, 5776], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5777], [1060, "differential", "differential", "NN", 1, 5778], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5779], [1061, "co\u2010differential", "co\u2010differential", "JJ", 1, 5780], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 5781], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5782]], "id": "0", "sha1": "81f0968dbacbfcf84d2cbe9a4459c8571e6b45db"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 5783], [1062, "peculiarities", "peculiarity", "NNS", 1, 5784], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5785], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5786], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 5787], [638, "flora", "flora", "NN", 1, 5788], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 5789], [1063, "manifest", "manifest", "JJ", 1, 5790], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5791], [125, "different", "different", "JJ", 1, 5792], [723, "ways", "way", "NNS", 1, 5793], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5794], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5795], [1064, "various", "various", "JJ", 1, 5796], [1052, "sectors", "sector", "NNS", 1, 5797], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5798], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5799], [1065, "endemism", "endemism", "NN", 1, 5800], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 5801], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 5802], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5803], [1066, "universal", "universal", "JJ", 1, 5804], [1067, "criterion", "criterion", "NN", 1, 5805], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 5806], [1068, "subdivision", "subdivision", "NN", 1, 5807], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5808]], "id": "0", "sha1": "7323c73c298f98e7bccbd919170ca827534dfc70"}
{"graf": [[0, "1994", "1994", "CD", 0, 5809], [522, "IAVS", "iavs", "NNP", 1, 5810], [0, "\u2010", "\u2010", ".", 0, 5811], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5812], [237, "International", "international", "NNP", 1, 5813], [3, "Association", "association", "NNP", 1, 5814], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5815], [357, "Vegetation", "vegetation", "NNP", 1, 5816], [1069, "Science", "science", "NNP", 1, 5817], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5818]], "id": "0", "sha1": "dfae2da6f3653563775fc0e6366fa40b2bad90b8"}
{"graf": [[653, "Fossil", "fossil", "NNP", 1, 5819], [297, "organic", "organic", "JJ", 1, 5820], [298, "matter", "matter", "NN", 1, 5821], [59, "characteristics", "characteristic", "NNS", 1, 5822], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5823], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "JJ", 1, 5824], [1070, "deposits", "deposit", "NNS", 1, 5825], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5826], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5827], [829, "northeast", "northeast", "NN", 1, 5828], [820, "Siberian", "siberian", "JJ", 1, 5829], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 5830], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5831]], "id": "0", "sha1": "97f1211b38ed71e21e18cfc73587fbb1bd5c8b57"}
{"graf": [[545, "Permafrost", "permafrost", "NN", 1, 5832], [1070, "deposits", "deposit", "NNS", 1, 5833], [1071, "constitute", "constitute", "VBP", 1, 5834], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 5835], [602, "large", "large", "JJ", 1, 5836], [297, "organic", "organic", "JJ", 1, 5837], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 5838], [960, "pool", "pool", "NN", 1, 5839], [0, "highly", "highly", "RB", 0, 5840], [160, "vulnerable", "vulnerable", "JJ", 1, 5841], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 5842], [853, "degradation", "degradation", "NN", 1, 5843], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5844], [313, "potential", "potential", "JJ", 1, 5845], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 5846], [1072, "release", "release", "NN", 1, 5847], [1073, "due", "due", "JJ", 1, 5848], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 5849], [69, "global", "global", "JJ", 1, 5850], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 5851], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5852]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2376a7aac945ec6b6cc828178e1bb959f233c7be"}
{"graf": [[545, "Permafrost", "permafrost", "JJ", 1, 5853], [1074, "sections", "section", "NNS", 1, 5854], [0, "along", "along", "IN", 0, 5855], [784, "coastal", "coastal", "JJ", 1, 5856], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5857], [1075, "river", "river", "NN", 1, 5858], [1076, "bank", "bank", "NN", 1, 5859], [1077, "exposures", "exposure", "NNS", 1, 5860], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5861], [854, "NE", "ne", "NNP", 1, 5862], [794, "Siberia", "siberia", "NNP", 1, 5863], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 5864], [39, "studied", "study", "VBN", 1, 5865], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 5866], [297, "organic", "organic", "JJ", 1, 5867], [298, "matter", "matter", "NN", 1, 5868], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 5869], [1078, "OM", "om", "NNP", 1, 5870], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 5871], [59, "characteristics", "characteristic", "NNS", 1, 5872], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5873], [412, "ice", "ice", "NN", 1, 5874], [585, "content", "content", "NN", 1, 5875], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5876]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8aa24e0e2d0a4919dec7680518e38c8cec667cbb"}
{"graf": [[1078, "OM", "om", "NN", 1, 5877], [961, "stored", "store", "VBN", 1, 5878], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5879], [660, "Quaternary", "quaternary", "NNP", 1, 5880], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "NN", 1, 5881], [246, "grew", "grow", "VBD", 1, 5882], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5883], [304, "accumulated", "accumulate", "VBN", 1, 5884], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5885], [1079, "froze", "freeze", "VBZ", 1, 5886], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5887], [0, "partly", "partly", "RB", 0, 5888], [1080, "decomposed", "decompose", "VBN", 1, 5889], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5890], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5891], [1081, "refroze", "refroze", "NN", 1, 5892], [0, "under", "under", "IN", 0, 5893], [125, "different", "different", "JJ", 1, 5894], [1082, "periglacial", "periglacial", "JJ", 1, 5895], [724, "environments", "environment", "NNS", 1, 5896], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5897], [1054, "reflected", "reflect", "VBD", 1, 5898], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5899], [1083, "specific", "specific", "JJ", 1, 5900], [1084, "biogeochemical", "biogeochemical", "JJ", 1, 5901], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5902], [1085, "cryolithological", "cryolithological", "JJ", 1, 5903], [1055, "features", "feature", "NNS", 1, 5904], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5905]], "id": "0", "sha1": "63c7b7ac30f9fc5d98fe9c9f6fa4ff3eacb6f91c"}
{"graf": [[1078, "OM", "om", "NNP", 1, 5906], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5907], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "NN", 1, 5908], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 5909], [1086, "represented", "represent", "VBN", 1, 5910], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 5911], [1087, "twigs", "twigs", "NN", 1, 5912], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5913], [1088, "leaves", "leaf", "NNS", 1, 5914], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5915], [1089, "peat", "peat", "NN", 1, 5916], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5917], [1090, "grass", "grass", "NN", 1, 5918], [1091, "roots", "root", "NNS", 1, 5919], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5920], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5921], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 5922], [1092, "detritus", "detritus", "NN", 1, 5923], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5924]], "id": "0", "sha1": "285fb09340abe7c3e9a24d1eafffea47e24ea5ed"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 5925], [1093, "vertical", "vertical", "JJ", 1, 5926], [109, "distribution", "distribution", "NN", 1, 5927], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5928], [482, "total", "total", "JJ", 1, 5929], [297, "organic", "organic", "JJ", 1, 5930], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 5931], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 5932], [1094, "TOC", "toc", "NNP", 1, 5933], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 5934], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5935], [1077, "exposures", "exposure", "NNS", 1, 5936], [1095, "varies", "vary", "VBZ", 1, 5937], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 5938], [0, "0.1", "0.1", "CD", 0, 5939], [0, "wt", "wt", "UH", 0, 5940], [0, "%", "%", ".", 0, 5941], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 5942], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 5943], [1096, "dry", "dry", "JJ", 1, 5944], [1097, "sediment", "sediment", "NN", 1, 5945], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5946], [1098, "fluvial", "fluvial", "JJ", 1, 5947], [1070, "deposits", "deposit", "NNS", 1, 5948], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 5949], [0, "45", "45", "CD", 0, 5950], [1099, "wt", "wt", "NNS", 1, 5951], [0, "%", "%", ".", 0, 5952], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5953], [680, "Holocene", "holocene", "NNP", 1, 5954], [1089, "peats", "peat", "NNS", 1, 5955], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5956]], "id": "0", "sha1": "5385d520d4dad52744dc8a61bfc0147a8475d3d1"}
{"graf": [[631, "Variations", "variation", "NNS", 1, 5957], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5958], [1078, "OM", "om", "NNP", 1, 5959], [1100, "parameters", "parameter", "NNS", 1, 5960], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 5961], [718, "related", "relate", "VBN", 1, 5962], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 5963], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 5964], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 5965], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 5966], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5967], [1101, "bioproductivity", "bioproductivity", "NN", 1, 5968], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5969], [1102, "pedogenic", "pedogenic", "JJ", 1, 5970], [267, "processes", "process", "NNS", 1, 5971], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5972], [737, "decomposition", "decomposition", "NN", 1, 5973], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5974], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5975], [1103, "sedimentation", "sedimentation", "NN", 1, 5976], [115, "rates", "rate", "NNS", 1, 5977], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 5978], [331, "past", "past", "JJ", 1, 5979], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 5980], [631, "variations", "variation", "NNS", 1, 5981], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 5982]], "id": "0", "sha1": "60b592e2f4d83df63d2dbcec19abf477d5104824"}
{"graf": [[180, "High", "high", "JJ", 1, 5983], [1094, "TOC", "toc", "NNP", 1, 5984], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5985], [180, "high", "high", "JJ", 1, 5986], [282, "C", "c", "NNP", 1, 5987], [0, "/", "/", ".", 0, 5988], [82, "N", "n", "NN", 1, 5989], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 5990], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 5991], [203, "low", "low", "JJ", 1, 5992], [1104, "\u03b413C", "\u03b413c", "NNS", 1, 5993], [1054, "reflect", "reflect", "VBP", 1, 5994], [743, "less", "less", "JJR", 1, 5995], [1105, "decomposed", "decomposed", "JJ", 1, 5996], [1078, "OM", "om", "NNP", 1, 5997], [304, "accumulated", "accumulate", "VBN", 1, 5998], [0, "under", "under", "IN", 0, 5999], [1106, "wet", "wet", "NN", 1, 6000], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6001], [1107, "anaerobic", "anaerobic", "JJ", 1, 6002], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 6003], [36, "conditions", "condition", "NNS", 1, 6004], [59, "characteristic", "characteristic", "JJ", 1, 6005], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6006], [1108, "interglacial", "interglacial", "JJ", 1, 6007], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6008], [1109, "interstadial", "interstadial", "JJ", 1, 6009], [434, "periods", "period", "NNS", 1, 6010], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6011]], "id": "0", "sha1": "6e0b8f8078ceb9eee8672a740108fa45354b1bec"}
{"graf": [[693, "Glacial", "glacial", "JJ", 1, 6012], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6013], [1110, "stadial", "stadial", "JJ", 1, 6014], [434, "periods", "period", "NNS", 1, 6015], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 6016], [739, "characterized", "characterize", "VBN", 1, 6017], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 6018], [743, "less", "less", "JJR", 1, 6019], [26, "variable", "variable", "JJ", 1, 6020], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6021], [203, "low", "low", "JJ", 1, 6022], [1094, "TOC", "toc", "NNP", 1, 6023], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6024], [203, "low", "low", "JJ", 1, 6025], [282, "C", "c", "NNP", 1, 6026], [0, "/", "/", ".", 0, 6027], [82, "N", "n", "NN", 1, 6028], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6029], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6030], [180, "high", "high", "JJ", 1, 6031], [1104, "\u03b413C", "\u03b413c", "NN", 1, 6032], [1111, "values", "value", "NNS", 1, 6033], [56, "indicating", "indicate", "VBG", 1, 6034], [1112, "stable", "stable", "JJ", 1, 6035], [724, "environments", "environment", "NNS", 1, 6036], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 6037], [165, "reduced", "reduce", "VBN", 1, 6038], [1101, "bioproductivity", "bioproductivity", "NN", 1, 6039], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6040], [438, "stronger", "stronger", "JJR", 1, 6041], [1078, "OM", "om", "NNP", 1, 6042], [737, "decomposition", "decomposition", "NN", 1, 6043], [0, "under", "under", "IN", 0, 6044], [1113, "dryer", "dryer", "NN", 1, 6045], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6046], [1114, "aerobic", "aerobic", "JJ", 1, 6047], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 6048], [36, "conditions", "condition", "NNS", 1, 6049], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6050]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b0613aaecce0ee89eceade2d7fa14a7562a71e9d"}
{"graf": [[226, "Based", "base", "VBN", 1, 6051], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 6052], [1094, "TOC", "toc", "NNP", 1, 6053], [318, "data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 6054], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6055], [1115, "updated", "updated", "JJ", 1, 6056], [467, "information", "information", "NN", 1, 6057], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 6058], [1116, "bulk", "bulk", "JJ", 1, 6059], [1117, "densities", "density", "NNS", 1, 6060], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6061], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 6062], [113, "estimate", "estimate", "VBP", 1, 6063], [842, "average", "average", "JJ", 1, 6064], [297, "organic", "organic", "JJ", 1, 6065], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 6066], [1118, "inventories", "inventory", "NNS", 1, 6067], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 6068], [0, "ten", "ten", "CD", 0, 6069], [125, "different", "different", "JJ", 1, 6070], [1119, "stratigraphic", "stratigraphic", "JJ", 1, 6071], [48, "units", "unit", "NNS", 1, 6072], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6073], [829, "northeast", "northeast", "JJ", 1, 6074], [794, "Siberia", "siberia", "NNP", 1, 6075], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6076], [97, "ranging", "range", "VBG", 1, 6077], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 6078], [0, "7.2", "7.2", "CD", 0, 6079], [1120, "kg", "kg", "NNS", 1, 6080], [282, "C", "c", "NNP", 1, 6081], [836, "m", "m", "NN", 1, 6082], [1121, "-3", "-3", "NN", 1, 6083], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 6084], [806, "Early", "early", "JJ", 1, 6085], [1122, "Weichselian", "weichselian", "JJ", 1, 6086], [1098, "fluvial", "fluvial", "JJ", 1, 6087], [1070, "deposits", "deposit", "NNS", 1, 6088], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6089], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 6090], [0, "33.2", "33.2", "CD", 0, 6091], [1120, "kg", "kg", "NNS", 1, 6092], [282, "C", "c", "NNP", 1, 6093], [836, "m", "m", "NN", 1, 6094], [1121, "-3", "-3", "NN", 1, 6095], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 6096], [1123, "Middle", "middle", "NNP", 1, 6097], [1122, "Weichselian", "weichselian", "NNP", 1, 6098], [412, "Ice", "ice", "NNP", 1, 6099], [495, "Complex", "complex", "NNP", 1, 6100], [1070, "deposits", "deposit", "NNS", 1, 6101], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6102], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 6103], [0, "74.7", "74.7", "CD", 0, 6104], [1120, "kg", "kg", "NNS", 1, 6105], [282, "C", "c", "NNP", 1, 6106], [836, "m", "m", "NN", 1, 6107], [1121, "-3", "-3", "NN", 1, 6108], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 6109], [680, "Holocene", "holocene", "NNP", 1, 6110], [493, "peaty", "peaty", "NN", 1, 6111], [1070, "deposits", "deposit", "NNS", 1, 6112], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6113]], "id": "0", "sha1": "03a00b65931c43c78ad04e7d8475407f3808db3c"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 6114], [55, "resulting", "result", "VBG", 1, 6115], [477, "landscape", "landscape", "NN", 1, 6116], [842, "average", "average", "NN", 1, 6117], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 6118], [920, "likely", "likely", "JJ", 1, 6119], [0, "about", "about", "IN", 0, 6120], [0, "25%", "25%", "CD", 0, 6121], [592, "lower", "lower", "JJR", 1, 6122], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 6123], [0, "previously", "previously", "RB", 0, 6124], [481, "published", "publish", "VBN", 1, 6125], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "JJ", 1, 6126], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 6127], [1118, "inventories", "inventory", "NNS", 1, 6128], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6129]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d739bcb7adff10eae55625ba6839d6d609d29f63"}
{"graf": [[938, "Copyright", "copyright", "NN", 1, 6130], [0, "2011", "2011", "CD", 0, 6131], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 6132], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6133], [800, "American", "american", "NNP", 1, 6134], [939, "Geophysical", "geophysical", "NNP", 1, 6135], [940, "Union", "union", "NNP", 1, 6136], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 6137]], "id": "0", "sha1": "4318ac1f4db8626ccfb0cb0ab9fc9460dc2fdda8"}
{"graf": [[91, "Evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 6138], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 6139], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 6140], [1124, "weakening", "weakening", "NN", 1, 6141], [725, "relationship", "relationship", "NN", 1, 6142], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 6143], [1125, "interannual", "interannual", "JJ", 1, 6144], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 6145], [388, "variability", "variability", "NN", 1, 6146], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6147], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 6148], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 6149], [549, "activity", "activity", "NN", 1, 6150], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6151]], "id": "0", "sha1": "5504f9c0afae7b272868c492f91f3d6462c150d4"}
{"graf": [[1126, "Satellite-derived", "satellite-derive", "NN", 1, 6152], [355, "Normalized", "normalized", "JJ", 1, 6153], [356, "Difference", "difference", "NN", 1, 6154], [357, "Vegetation", "vegetation", "NNP", 1, 6155], [358, "Index", "index", "NNP", 1, 6156], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 6157], [991, "NDVI", "ndvi", "NNP", 1, 6158], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 6159], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6160], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 6161], [812, "proxy", "proxy", "NN", 1, 6162], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6163], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 6164], [540, "productivity", "productivity", "NN", 1, 6165], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6166], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 6167], [734, "known", "know", "VBN", 1, 6168], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 6169], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 6170], [844, "correlated", "correlate", "VBN", 1, 6171], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 6172], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 6173], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6174], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 6175], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 6176], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6177]], "id": "0", "sha1": "969569e230a064b38f3fd86d6cef9a1858658895"}
{"graf": [[0, "This", "this", "DT", 0, 6178], [725, "relationship", "relationship", "NN", 1, 6179], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6180], [0, "however", "however", "RB", 0, 6181], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6182], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 6183], [121, "change", "change", "VB", 1, 6184], [0, "over", "over", "RP", 0, 6185], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 6186], [600, "following", "follow", "VBG", 1, 6187], [1127, "alternations", "alternation", "NNS", 1, 6188], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6189], [131, "other", "other", "JJ", 1, 6190], [220, "environmental", "environmental", "JJ", 1, 6191], [1128, "factors", "factor", "NNS", 1, 6192], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6193]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f6598158b78987d52d9a3d6803578e434f12bddf"}
{"graf": [[0, "Here", "here", "RB", 0, 6194], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 6195], [68, "show", "show", "VBP", 1, 6196], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 6197], [0, "above", "above", "IN", 0, 6198], [0, "30\u00b0N", "30\u00b0n", "CD", 0, 6199], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6200], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6201], [1129, "strength", "strength", "NN", 1, 6202], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6203], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6204], [725, "relationship", "relationship", "NN", 1, 6205], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 6206], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6207], [1125, "interannual", "interannual", "JJ", 1, 6208], [388, "variability", "variability", "NN", 1, 6209], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6210], [246, "growing", "grow", "VBG", 1, 6211], [247, "season", "season", "NN", 1, 6212], [991, "NDVI", "ndvi", "NNP", 1, 6213], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6214], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 6215], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 6216], [1130, "partial", "partial", "JJ", 1, 6217], [790, "correlation", "correlation", "NN", 1, 6218], [1131, "coefficient", "coefficient", "NN", 1, 6219], [1132, "RNDVI-GT", "rndvi-gt", "NNP", 1, 6220], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 6221], [258, "declined", "decline", "VBD", 1, 6222], [0, "substantially", "substantially", "RB", 0, 6223], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 6224], [0, "1982", "1982", "CD", 0, 6225], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6226], [0, "2011", "2011", "CD", 0, 6227], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6228]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0d4b9472ab6528eac312eeda1f3cf7a01cad749f"}
{"graf": [[0, "This", "this", "DT", 0, 6229], [253, "decrease", "decrease", "NN", 1, 6230], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6231], [1132, "RNDVI-GT", "rndvi-gt", "NNP", 1, 6232], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 6233], [0, "mainly", "mainly", "RB", 0, 6234], [244, "observed", "observe", "VBN", 1, 6235], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6236], [85, "temperate", "temperate", "JJ", 1, 6237], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6238], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 6239], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 6240], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6241], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6242], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 6243], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 6244], [0, "partly", "partly", "RB", 0, 6245], [1133, "reproduced", "reproduce", "VBN", 1, 6246], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 6247], [1134, "process-based", "process-base", "NN", 1, 6248], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 6249], [317, "model", "model", "NN", 1, 6250], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 6251], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6252]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c79f412e29e3b46635964666700b8160f172e036"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 6253], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6254], [85, "temperate", "temperate", "JJ", 1, 6255], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 6256], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6257], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6258], [253, "decrease", "decrease", "NN", 1, 6259], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6260], [1132, "RNDVI-GT", "rndvi-gt", "NNP", 1, 6261], [542, "coincides", "coincide", "VBZ", 1, 6262], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 6263], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 6264], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 6265], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6266], [1135, "drought", "drought", "NN", 1, 6267], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6268]], "id": "0", "sha1": "7b17f04398775ae1af54c91dcde743362c0dbaf6"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 6269], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6270], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 6271], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 6272], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6273], [0, "it", "it", "PRP", 0, 6274], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 6275], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 6276], [718, "related", "relate", "VBN", 1, 6277], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 6278], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 6279], [1136, "nonlinear", "nonlinear", "JJ", 1, 6280], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 6281], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6282], [1137, "photosynthesis", "photosynthesis", "NN", 1, 6283], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 6284], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 6285], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6286], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 6287], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6288], [1138, "hot", "hot", "JJ", 1, 6289], [1139, "extreme", "extreme", "JJ", 1, 6290], [1140, "days", "day", "NNS", 1, 6291], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6292], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 6293], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 6294], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 6295], [1141, "grass-dominated", "grass-dominate", "NN", 1, 6296], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 6297], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6298]], "id": "0", "sha1": "3bbd8a1ed6e6383ad09d46ba8eabeb98d6044e44"}
{"graf": [[0, "Our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 6299], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 6300], [1142, "caution", "caution", "VBP", 1, 6301], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6302], [4, "use", "use", "NN", 1, 6303], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6304], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 6305], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 6306], [1125, "interannual", "interannual", "JJ", 1, 6307], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 6308], [410, "scales", "scale", "VBZ", 1, 6309], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 6310], [308, "constrain", "constrain", "VB", 1, 6311], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6312], [1143, "decadal", "decadal", "JJ", 1, 6313], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 6314], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6315], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 6316], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 6317], [1144, "ongoing", "ongoing", "JJ", 1, 6318], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 6319], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6320]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2f13b894db46cf4ffd071dadd0d904de1fd703e5"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 6321], [0, "2014", "2014", "CD", 0, 6322], [771, "Macmillan", "macmillan", "NNP", 1, 6323], [772, "Publishers", "publishers", "NNPS", 1, 6324], [158, "Limited", "limited", "NNP", 1, 6325], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6326]], "id": "0", "sha1": "4e34e033535f6b25b6a307123f71f7632e866af5"}
{"graf": [[0, "All", "all", "DT", 0, 6327], [773, "rights", "right", "NNS", 1, 6328], [774, "reserved", "reserve", "VBN", 1, 6329], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 6330]], "id": "0", "sha1": "6616a400ab185697b582edb6b1db50c7770f2cc0"}
{"graf": [[0, "Structurally", "structurally", "RB", 0, 6331], [1014, "novel", "novel", "JJ", 1, 6332], [214, "biomes", "biome", "NNS", 1, 6333], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 6334], [0, "A", "a", "DT", 0, 6335], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 6336], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 6337], [331, "past", "past", "JJ", 1, 6338], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 6339], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6340], [658, "Beringia", "beringia", "NNP", 1, 6341], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6342]], "id": "0", "sha1": "5999a1c3fce6bcee2ec0b6b594375d4ce4bb3e03"}
{"graf": [[0, "At", "at", "IN", 0, 6343], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 6344], [180, "high", "high", "JJ", 1, 6345], [957, "latitudes", "latitude", "NNS", 1, 6346], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6347], [1145, "biosphere", "biosphere", "VBD", 1, 6348], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 6349], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 6350], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6351], [128, "interactions", "interaction", "NNS", 1, 6352], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 6353], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 6354], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 6355], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 6356], [327, "expected", "expect", "VBN", 1, 6357], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 6358], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 6359], [802, "significant", "significant", "JJ", 1, 6360], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 6361], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6362], [1146, "21st", "21st", "JJ", 1, 6363], [1147, "century", "century", "NN", 1, 6364], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6365]], "id": "0", "sha1": "48b3086f8536420a6d97e43a3fb35514df284317"}
{"graf": [[221, "Most", "most", "JJS", 1, 6366], [1148, "predictions", "prediction", "NNS", 1, 6367], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6368], [1149, "climate-biosphere", "climate-biosphere", "NN", 1, 6369], [128, "interactions", "interaction", "NNS", 1, 6370], [1150, "rely", "rely", "VBP", 1, 6371], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 6372], [93, "experiments", "experiment", "NNS", 1, 6373], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6374], [216, "observations", "observation", "NNS", 1, 6375], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6376], [663, "contemporary", "contemporary", "JJ", 1, 6377], [477, "landscapes", "landscape", "NNS", 1, 6378], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6379], [0, "e.g.", "e.g.", "RB", 0, 6380], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6381], [1151, "modern", "modern", "JJ", 1, 6382], [109, "distributions", "distribution", "NNS", 1, 6383], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6384], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 6385], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 6386], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6387], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 6388], [1152, "structural", "structural", "JJ", 1, 6389], [1055, "features", "feature", "NNS", 1, 6390], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 6391], [4, "used", "use", "VBN", 1, 6392], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 6393], [1153, "delimit", "delimit", "VB", 1, 6394], [313, "potential", "potential", "JJ", 1, 6395], [0, "biosphere-atmosphere", "biosphere-atmosphere", "RB", 0, 6396], [536, "feedbacks", "feedback", "NNS", 1, 6397], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6398]], "id": "0", "sha1": "4b2d3a695dad5085c7d588a05a86bc8d175e9bcd"}
{"graf": [[740, "Paleorecords", "paleorecord", "NNS", 1, 6399], [1154, "look", "look", "VBP", 1, 6400], [0, "beyond", "beyond", "IN", 0, 6401], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6402], [913, "present", "present", "NN", 1, 6403], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 6404], [307, "examine", "examine", "VB", 1, 6405], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 6406], [1155, "configurations", "configuration", "NNS", 1, 6407], [0, "under", "under", "IN", 0, 6408], [730, "climatic", "climatic", "JJ", 1, 6409], [544, "regimes", "regime", "NNS", 1, 6410], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 6411], [1156, "approximate", "approximate", "VBP", 1, 6412], [112, "future", "future", "JJ", 1, 6413], [1157, "scenarios", "scenario", "NNS", 1, 6414], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6415]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ae8d24d21bba663d90d627f780f69badc483d6be"}
{"graf": [[0, "To", "to", "TO", 0, 6416], [1158, "enhance", "enhance", "VB", 1, 6417], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6418], [697, "knowledge", "knowledge", "NN", 1, 6419], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6420], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 6421], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6422], [1159, "subarctic", "subarctic", "JJ", 1, 6423], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 6424], [0, "under", "under", "IN", 0, 6425], [1095, "varying", "vary", "VBG", 1, 6426], [730, "climatic", "climatic", "JJ", 1, 6427], [36, "conditions", "condition", "NNS", 1, 6428], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6429], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 6430], [778, "analyzed", "analyze", "VBD", 1, 6431], [1160, "pollen", "pollen", "NN", 1, 6432], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6433], [1161, "macrofossil", "macrofossil", "NN", 1, 6434], [318, "data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 6435], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 6436], [658, "Beringia", "beringia", "NNP", 1, 6437], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 6438], [0, "northeast", "northeast", "RB", 0, 6439], [794, "Siberia", "siberia", "NNP", 1, 6440], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6441], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 6442], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6443], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6444], [785, "northwest", "northwest", "JJ", 1, 6445], [362, "Canada", "canada", "NNP", 1, 6446], [0, ";", ";", ".", 0, 6447], [0, "130\u00b0", "130\u00b0", "CD", 0, 6448], [1162, "E", "e", "NN", 1, 6449], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 6450], [1163, "130\u00b0", "130\u00b0", "NNP", 1, 6451], [1164, "W", "w", "NNP", 1, 6452], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 6453], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 6454], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6455], [331, "past", "past", "NN", 1, 6456], [0, "21", "21", "CD", 0, 6457], [0, "000", "000", "CD", 0, 6458], [332, "years", "year", "NNS", 1, 6459], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6460], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 6461], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 6462], [299, "focus", "focus", "NN", 1, 6463], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 6464], [1152, "structural", "structural", "JJ", 1, 6465], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6466], [707, "functional", "functional", "JJ", 1, 6467], [1055, "features", "feature", "NNS", 1, 6468], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6469], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6470], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 6471], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6472]], "id": "0", "sha1": "82b13983f18f6f105e182a5c295b795c6cf44e04"}
{"graf": [[0, "During", "during", "IN", 0, 6473], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6474], [806, "early", "early", "JJ", 1, 6475], [680, "Holocene", "holocene", "NNP", 1, 6476], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 6477], [0, "\u223c", "\u223c", ".", 0, 6478], [0, "13", "13", "CD", 0, 6479], [0, "000", "000", "CD", 0, 6480], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 6481], [0, "10", "10", "CD", 0, 6482], [0, "000", "000", "CD", 0, 6483], [1165, "cal", "cal", "NN", 1, 6484], [1166, "yr", "yr", "NNP", 1, 6485], [1167, "BP", "bp", "NNP", 1, 6486], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 6487], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6488], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 6489], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 6490], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 6491], [219, "responded", "respond", "VBD", 1, 6492], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 6493], [218, "climate", "climate", "VB", 1, 6494], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 6495], [0, "through", "through", "IN", 0, 6496], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 6497], [1168, "shift", "shift", "NN", 1, 6498], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 6499], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 6500], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 6501], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 6502], [251, "deciduous", "deciduous", "JJ", 1, 6503], [105, "forest", "forest", "NN", 1, 6504], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 6505], [1169, "woodland", "woodland", "NN", 1, 6506], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6507]], "id": "0", "sha1": "1dd1e196f652ea89de6d596b95fa7cdbfd75daca"}
{"graf": [[0, "Early-Holocene", "early-holocene", "RB", 0, 6508], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 6509], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 6510], [0, "structurally", "structurally", "RB", 0, 6511], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6512], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6513], [0, "hence", "hence", "RB", 0, 6514], [0, "functionally", "functionally", "RB", 0, 6515], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6516], [1014, "novel", "novel", "NN", 1, 6517], [843, "compared", "compare", "VBN", 1, 6518], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 6519], [437, "today", "today", "NN", 1, 6520], [0, "'s", "'s", "POS", 0, 6521], [921, "dominant", "dominant", "JJ", 1, 6522], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 6523], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 6524], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6525], [0, "\"", "\"", ".", 0, 6526]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d28dd86a50e609ef49c8f7ab450410a00f9b6fb2"}
{"graf": [[1151, "Modern", "modern", "JJ", 1, 6527], [0, "\"", "\"", ".", 0, 6528], [102, "boreal", "boreal", "JJ", 1, 6529], [105, "forest", "forest", "NN", 1, 6530], [997, "developed", "develop", "VBN", 1, 6531], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6532], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6533], [1170, "mid-Holocene", "mid-holocene", "JJ", 1, 6534], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 6535], [0, "\u223c", "\u223c", ".", 0, 6536], [0, "10000", "10000", "CD", 0, 6537], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 6538], [0, "6000", "6000", "CD", 0, 6539], [1165, "cal", "cal", "NN", 1, 6540], [0, "yr", "yr", "UH", 0, 6541], [1167, "BP", "bp", "NNP", 1, 6542], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 6543], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6544], [0, "when", "when", "WRB", 0, 6545], [760, "evergreen", "evergreen", "VBN", 1, 6546], [1171, "conifers", "conifer", "NNS", 1, 6547], [822, "expanded", "expand", "VBN", 1, 6548], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6549], [750, "much", "much", "JJ", 1, 6550], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6551], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6552], [183, "region", "region", "NN", 1, 6553], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6554]], "id": "0", "sha1": "11244f40b0809cfa503faca90310eb687a9ae4ca"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 6555], [1168, "shift", "shift", "NN", 1, 6556], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 6557], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 6558], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 6559], [251, "deciduous", "deciduous", "JJ", 1, 6560], [105, "forest", "forest", "NN", 1, 6561], [0, "could", "could", "MD", 0, 6562], [155, "have", "have", "VB", 1, 6563], [1172, "happened", "happen", "VBN", 1, 6564], [0, "rapidly", "rapidly", "RB", 0, 6565], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6566], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6567], [608, "situ", "situ", "NN", 1, 6568], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 6569], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6570], [55, "result", "result", "NN", 1, 6571], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6572], [569, "individual", "individual", "JJ", 1, 6573], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 6574], [1173, "phenotypic", "phenotypic", "NN", 1, 6575], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 6576], [0, "and/", "and/", "ADD", 0, 6577], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 6578], [1174, "population-scale", "population-scale", "NN", 1, 6579], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 6580], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 6581], [218, "climate", "climate", "VB", 1, 6582], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 6583], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6584]], "id": "0", "sha1": "01b9684f9b5bd04ffc9ccf722ee78f82f5d38f3e"}
{"graf": [[0, "Because", "because", "IN", 0, 6585], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6586], [1152, "structural", "structural", "JJ", 1, 6587], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6588], [707, "functional", "functional", "JJ", 1, 6589], [18, "properties", "property", "NNS", 1, 6590], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6591], [251, "deciduous", "deciduous", "JJ", 1, 6592], [105, "forest", "forest", "NN", 1, 6593], [620, "differ", "differ", "NN", 1, 6594], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 6595], [0, "those", "those", "DT", 0, 6596], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6597], [760, "evergreen", "evergreen", "JJ", 1, 6598], [1175, "coniferous", "coniferous", "JJ", 1, 6599], [105, "forest", "forest", "NN", 1, 6600], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6601], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 6602], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6603], [251, "deciduous", "deciduous", "JJ", 1, 6604], [102, "boreal", "boreal", "JJ", 1, 6605], [105, "forest", "forest", "NN", 1, 6606], [0, "should", "should", "MD", 0, 6607], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 6608], [38, "included", "include", "VBN", 1, 6609], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6610], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6611], [97, "range", "range", "NN", 1, 6612], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6613], [112, "future", "future", "JJ", 1, 6614], [1157, "scenarios", "scenario", "NNS", 1, 6615], [4, "used", "use", "VBN", 1, 6616], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 6617], [90, "assess", "assess", "VB", 1, 6618], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6619], [1176, "probable", "probable", "JJ", 1, 6620], [536, "feedbacks", "feedback", "NNS", 1, 6621], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6622], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 6623], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 6624], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6625], [730, "climatic", "climatic", "JJ", 1, 6626], [103, "system", "system", "NN", 1, 6627], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 6628], [55, "result", "result", "NN", 1, 6629], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 6630], [69, "global", "global", "JJ", 1, 6631], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 6632], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 6633], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 6634], [180, "high", "high", "JJ", 1, 6635], [957, "latitudes", "latitude", "NNS", 1, 6636], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6637]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8f985e6bdeda13bbd4959f23d8dd2e3489e5d3ed"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 6638], [0, "2005", "2005", "CD", 0, 6639], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 6640], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6641], [205, "Ecological", "ecological", "NNP", 1, 6642], [206, "Society", "society", "NNP", 1, 6643], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6644], [89, "America", "america", "NNP", 1, 6645], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 6646]], "id": "0", "sha1": "df7a7ef9f72dcdecd06ab37acddc71a721fb5caa"}
{"graf": [[477, "Landscape", "landscape", "NN", 1, 6647], [164, "Heterogeneity", "heterogeneity", "NN", 1, 6648], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6649], [207, "Shrub", "shrub", "NNP", 1, 6650], [324, "Expansion", "expansion", "NNP", 1, 6651], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6652], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 6653], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 6654], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6655]], "id": "0", "sha1": "9493feac82a9883fcec72d94698d9bf1f8f3764e"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 6656], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 6657], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6658], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 6659], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 6660], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 6661], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 6662], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 6663], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 6664], [399, "key", "key", "JJ", 1, 6665], [77, "terrestrial", "terrestrial", "NN", 1, 6666], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 6667], [0, "underway", "underway", "RB", 0, 6668], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6669], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6670], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 6671], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6672], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 6673], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 6674], [969, "elevated", "elevated", "JJ", 1, 6675], [242, "temperatures", "temperature", "NNS", 1, 6676], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 6677], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6678], [1177, "twentieth", "twentieth", "JJ", 1, 6679], [1147, "century", "century", "NN", 1, 6680], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6681]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c5beb9fe884a464145d3cedfe33894cc4b586fbf"}
{"graf": [[329, "Repeat", "repeat", "VB", 1, 6682], [330, "photography", "photography", "NN", 1, 6683], [1178, "permits", "permit", "VBZ", 1, 6684], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 6685], [1179, "glimpse", "glimpse", "NN", 1, 6686], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 6687], [776, "greening", "greening", "NN", 1, 6688], [539, "satellite", "satellite", "NN", 1, 6689], [1180, "pixels", "pixel", "NNS", 1, 6690], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6691], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6692], [0, "it", "it", "PRP", 0, 6693], [68, "shows", "show", "VBZ", 1, 6694], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 6695], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6696], [0, "since", "since", "IN", 0, 6697], [0, "1950", "1950", "CD", 0, 6698], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6699], [0, "some", "some", "DT", 0, 6700], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 6701], [1181, "patches", "patch", "NNS", 1, 6702], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 6703], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 6704], [0, "rapidly", "rapidly", "RB", 0, 6705], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 6706], [0, "hereafter", "hereafter", "RB", 0, 6707], [822, "expanding", "expand", "VBG", 1, 6708], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 6709], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6710], [0, "while", "while", "IN", 0, 6711], [131, "others", "other", "NNS", 1, 6712], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 6713], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 6714], [626, "little", "little", "JJ", 1, 6715], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 6716], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 6717], [0, "at", "at", "RB", 0, 6718], [0, "all", "all", "RB", 0, 6719], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 6720], [0, "hereafter", "hereafter", "RB", 0, 6721], [1112, "stable", "stable", "JJ", 1, 6722], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 6723], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6724]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f91e4f76bf1013272264e8ae6306f45ec3a033bf"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 6725], [739, "characterized", "characterize", "VBD", 1, 6726], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6727], [843, "compared", "compare", "VBD", 1, 6728], [1182, "adjacent", "adjacent", "JJ", 1, 6729], [1183, "expanding", "expanding", "NN", 1, 6730], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6731], [1112, "stable", "stable", "JJ", 1, 6732], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 6733], [1181, "patches", "patch", "NNS", 1, 6734], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 6735], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 6736], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 6737], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 6738], [1184, "sampling", "sample", "VBG", 1, 6739], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 6740], [260, "wide", "wide", "JJ", 1, 6741], [97, "range", "range", "NN", 1, 6742], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6743], [1185, "physical", "physical", "JJ", 1, 6744], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6745], [1186, "chemical", "chemical", "JJ", 1, 6746], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 6747], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6748], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 6749], [18, "properties", "property", "NNS", 1, 6750], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6751], [38, "including", "include", "VBG", 1, 6752], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 6753], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 6754], [780, "rings", "ring", "VBZ", 1, 6755], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6756]], "id": "0", "sha1": "892883df4db304ad4c18509e17184c4ef6bf9263"}
{"graf": [[822, "Expanding", "expand", "VBG", 1, 6757], [1181, "patches", "patch", "NNS", 1, 6758], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6759], [1019, "Alnus", "alnus", "NNP", 1, 6760], [1187, "viridis", "viridis", "NN", 1, 6761], [1188, "ssp", "ssp", "NN", 1, 6762], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6763]], "id": "0", "sha1": "bd6e3597e371795714b0ea59ea50c22edd7db17a"}
{"graf": [[1189, "fruticosa", "fruticosa", "JJ", 1, 6764], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 6765], [820, "Siberian", "siberian", "JJ", 1, 6766], [343, "alder", "alder", "NN", 1, 6767], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 6768], [1190, "contained", "contain", "VBD", 1, 6769], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 6770], [1191, "stems", "stem", "VBZ", 1, 6771], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 6772], [1192, "thicker", "thicker", "JJR", 1, 6773], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 6774], [780, "rings", "ring", "NNS", 1, 6775], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 6776], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6777], [1112, "stable", "stable", "JJ", 1, 6778], [1181, "patches", "patch", "NNS", 1, 6779], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6780]], "id": "0", "sha1": "a9d04179a70b6b136b3997a7c630509ab96f22db"}
{"graf": [[343, "Alder", "alder", "JJR", 1, 6781], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 6782], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6783], [822, "expanding", "expand", "VBG", 1, 6784], [1181, "patches", "patch", "NNS", 1, 6785], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 6786], [68, "showed", "show", "VBD", 1, 6787], [427, "strong", "strong", "JJ", 1, 6788], [790, "correlation", "correlation", "NN", 1, 6789], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 6790], [1023, "spring", "spring", "NN", 1, 6791], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6792], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 6793], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 6794], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6795], [0, "whereas", "whereas", "IN", 0, 6796], [343, "alder", "alder", "NN", 1, 6797], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 6798], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6799], [1112, "stable", "stable", "JJ", 1, 6800], [1181, "patches", "patch", "NNS", 1, 6801], [68, "showed", "show", "VBD", 1, 6802], [626, "little", "little", "JJ", 1, 6803], [790, "correlation", "correlation", "NN", 1, 6804], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 6805], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 6806], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6807]], "id": "0", "sha1": "3ff7d0f48250db8dc5bb2a13837c8dc44ec4fffa"}
{"graf": [[822, "Expanding", "expand", "VBG", 1, 6808], [1181, "patches", "patch", "NNS", 1, 6809], [155, "had", "have", "VBD", 1, 6810], [125, "different", "different", "JJ", 1, 6811], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 6812], [123, "composition", "composition", "NN", 1, 6813], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6814], [593, "deeper", "deeper", "JJR", 1, 6815], [546, "thaw", "thaw", "NN", 1, 6816], [831, "depth", "depth", "NN", 1, 6817], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6818], [594, "higher", "higher", "JJR", 1, 6819], [1193, "mean", "mean", "JJ", 1, 6820], [779, "annual", "annual", "JJ", 1, 6821], [763, "ground", "ground", "NN", 1, 6822], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 6823], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6824], [594, "higher", "higher", "JJR", 1, 6825], [1193, "mean", "mean", "JJ", 1, 6826], [246, "growing", "grow", "VBG", 1, 6827], [247, "season", "season", "NN", 1, 6828], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 6829], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6830], [592, "lower", "lower", "JJR", 1, 6831], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 6832], [622, "moisture", "moisture", "NN", 1, 6833], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6834], [743, "less", "less", "JJR", 1, 6835], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 6836], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6837], [497, "mineral", "mineral", "NN", 1, 6838], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 6839], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6840], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6841], [592, "lower", "lower", "VB", 1, 6842], [282, "C", "c", "NNP", 1, 6843], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 6844], [82, "N", "n", "NN", 1, 6845], [1111, "values", "value", "NNS", 1, 6846], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 6847], [167, "soils", "soil", "NNS", 1, 6848], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6849], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 6850], [1194, "leaves", "leave", "VBZ", 1, 6851], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6852]], "id": "0", "sha1": "fe717e8540bb2543d26a628582b1ec42f18987fd"}
{"graf": [[822, "Expanding", "expand", "VBG", 1, 6853], [1181, "patches", "patch", "NNS", 1, 6854], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 6855], [594, "higher", "higher", "JJR", 1, 6856], [742, "resource", "resource", "NN", 1, 6857], [724, "environments", "environment", "NNS", 1, 6858], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 6859], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 6860], [430, "associated", "associate", "VBN", 1, 6861], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 6862], [1195, "floodplains", "floodplain", "NNS", 1, 6863], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6864], [1196, "stream", "stream", "NN", 1, 6865], [1197, "corridors", "corridor", "NNS", 1, 6866], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6867], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6868], [1198, "outcrops", "outcrop", "NNS", 1, 6869], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6870]], "id": "0", "sha1": "581e620c68e34bdef0399ceb707e7e9e1c79d6e3"}
{"graf": [[1112, "Stable", "stable", "JJ", 1, 6871], [1181, "patches", "patch", "NNS", 1, 6872], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 6873], [592, "lower", "lower", "JJR", 1, 6874], [742, "resource", "resource", "NN", 1, 6875], [724, "environments", "environment", "NNS", 1, 6876], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 6877], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 6878], [430, "associated", "associate", "VBN", 1, 6879], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 6880], [0, "poorly", "poorly", "RB", 0, 6881], [1199, "drained", "drain", "VBN", 1, 6882], [1200, "tussock", "tussock", "NN", 1, 6883], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 6884], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6885]], "id": "0", "sha1": "fdfea48d839a0d4692aa2e99217b5f657b63534a"}
{"graf": [[0, "Collectively", "collectively", "RB", 0, 6886], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6887], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 6888], [1201, "interpret", "interpret", "VBP", 1, 6889], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 6890], [356, "differences", "difference", "NNS", 1, 6891], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 6892], [931, "implying", "imply", "VBG", 1, 6893], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 6894], [1202, "preexisting", "preexist", "VBG", 1, 6895], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 6896], [36, "conditions", "condition", "NNS", 1, 6897], [1203, "predispose", "predispose", "VBP", 1, 6898], [87, "parts", "part", "NNS", 1, 6899], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6900], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6901], [477, "landscape", "landscape", "NN", 1, 6902], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 6903], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 6904], [245, "rapid", "rapid", "JJ", 1, 6905], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 6906], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 6907], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 6908], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 6909], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6910], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6911], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 6912], [0, "therefore", "therefore", "RB", 0, 6913], [327, "expect", "expect", "VBP", 1, 6914], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 6915], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 6916], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 6917], [370, "continue", "continue", "VB", 1, 6918], [1204, "penetrating", "penetrate", "VBG", 1, 6919], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6920], [477, "landscape", "landscape", "NN", 1, 6921], [0, "via", "via", "IN", 0, 6922], [1205, "dendritic", "dendritic", "JJ", 1, 6923], [1195, "floodplains", "floodplain", "NNS", 1, 6924], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6925], [1196, "streams", "stream", "NNS", 1, 6926], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6927], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6928], [1206, "scattered", "scatter", "VBN", 1, 6929], [1207, "rock", "rock", "NN", 1, 6930], [1198, "outcrops", "outcrop", "NNS", 1, 6931], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6932]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8af7fe329412d7597887332f031c20d9d9ac2b16"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 6933], [0, "2012", "2012", "CD", 0, 6934], [1208, "Springer", "springer", "NNP", 1, 6935], [1209, "Science+Business", "science+business", "NNP", 1, 6936], [1210, "Media", "media", "NNP", 1, 6937], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6938], [1211, "LLC", "llc", "NNP", 1, 6939], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 6940]], "id": "0", "sha1": "919cb67c0e846e2bf536396da0c7f24f77ec85d6"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 6941], [443, "circumpolar", "circumpolar", "JJ", 1, 6942], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 6943], [357, "Vegetation", "vegetation", "NNP", 1, 6944], [444, "Map", "map", "NNP", 1, 6945], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 6946], [1212, "AVHRR-derived", "avhrr-derived", "NNP", 1, 6947], [226, "base", "base", "NN", 1, 6948], [444, "maps", "map", "NNS", 1, 6949], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6950], [220, "environmental", "environmental", "JJ", 1, 6951], [567, "controls", "control", "NNS", 1, 6952], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 6953], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6954], [316, "integrated", "integrate", "VBN", 1, 6955], [462, "mapping", "mapping", "NN", 1, 6956], [475, "procedures", "procedure", "NNS", 1, 6957], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 6958]], "id": "0", "sha1": "9eb11b1f07acf5a0e306c7067e928e0e2c462a7a"}
{"graf": [[0, "A", "a", "DT", 0, 6959], [289, "new", "new", "JJ", 1, 6960], [1213, "false-colour-infrared", "false-colour-infrared", "JJ", 1, 6961], [461, "image", "image", "NN", 1, 6962], [17, "derived", "derive", "VBN", 1, 6963], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 6964], [1214, "biweekly", "biweekly", "NN", 1, 6965], [0, "1993", "1993", "CD", 0, 6966], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6967], [0, "1995", "1995", "CD", 0, 6968], [456, "Advanced", "advanced", "NNP", 1, 6969], [457, "Very", "very", "NNP", 1, 6970], [180, "High", "high", "NNP", 1, 6971], [458, "Resolution", "resolution", "NNP", 1, 6972], [459, "Radiometer", "radiometer", "NNP", 1, 6973], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 6974], [460, "AVHRR", "avhrr", "NNP", 1, 6975], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 6976], [1215, "data", "data", "NN", 1, 6977], [263, "provides", "provide", "VBZ", 1, 6978], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 6979], [1216, "snow-free", "snow-free", "NN", 1, 6980], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 6981], [1217, "cloud-free", "cloud-free", "NN", 1, 6982], [226, "base", "base", "NN", 1, 6983], [461, "image", "image", "NN", 1, 6984], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 6985], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 6986], [1218, "interpretation", "interpretation", "NN", 1, 6987], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6988], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 6989], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 6990], [87, "part", "part", "NN", 1, 6991], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 6992], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 6993], [0, "1:7.5", "1:7.5", "CD", 0, 6994], [1219, "M-scale", "m-scale", "NN", 1, 6995], [443, "Circumpolar", "circumpolar", "JJ", 1, 6996], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 6997], [357, "Vegetation", "vegetation", "NNP", 1, 6998], [444, "Map", "map", "NNP", 1, 6999], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 7000], [508, "CAVM", "cavm", "NNP", 1, 7001], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 7002], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7003]], "id": "0", "sha1": "5bc3bade313ecb7795c28c53c5a59196fa1dc7c4"}
{"graf": [[0, "A", "a", "DT", 0, 7004], [1220, "maximum-NDVI", "maximum-ndvi", "JJ", 1, 7005], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 7006], [355, "Normalized", "normalized", "NNP", 1, 7007], [356, "Difference", "difference", "NNP", 1, 7008], [357, "Vegetation", "vegetation", "NNP", 1, 7009], [358, "Index", "index", "NNP", 1, 7010], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 7011], [461, "image", "image", "NN", 1, 7012], [464, "prepared", "prepare", "VBN", 1, 7013], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 7014], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7015], [354, "same", "same", "JJ", 1, 7016], [318, "data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 7017], [263, "provides", "provide", "VBZ", 1, 7018], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 7019], [443, "circumpolar", "circumpolar", "JJ", 1, 7020], [1221, "view", "view", "NN", 1, 7021], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7022], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 7023], [1222, "green-biomass", "green-biomass", "JJ", 1, 7024], [1117, "density", "density", "NN", 1, 7025], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 7026], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7027], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 7028], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7029]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d168201e8a9e39f9199dddc43356579d1beaf41b"}
{"graf": [[0, "This", "this", "DT", 0, 7030], [8, "paper", "paper", "NN", 1, 7031], [604, "describes", "describe", "VBZ", 1, 7032], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7033], [352, "remote", "remote", "JJ", 1, 7034], [353, "sensing", "sense", "VBG", 1, 7035], [1223, "products", "product", "NNS", 1, 7036], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7037], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7038], [220, "environmental", "environmental", "JJ", 1, 7039], [1128, "factors", "factor", "NNS", 1, 7040], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 7041], [567, "control", "control", "VBP", 1, 7042], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7043], [715, "principal", "principal", "JJ", 1, 7044], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 7045], [60, "patterns", "pattern", "NNS", 1, 7046], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 7047], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 7048], [610, "small", "small", "JJ", 1, 7049], [410, "scale", "scale", "NN", 1, 7050], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7051], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7052], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7053], [474, "integrated", "integrated", "JJ", 1, 7054], [466, "geographic", "geographic", "JJ", 1, 7055], [1224, "information-system", "information-system", "NN", 1, 7056], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 7057], [1225, "GIS", "gis", "NNP", 1, 7058], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 7059], [452, "methods", "method", "NNS", 1, 7060], [4, "used", "use", "VBN", 1, 7061], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7062], [23, "making", "make", "VBG", 1, 7063], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7064], [508, "CAVM", "cavm", "NNP", 1, 7065], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 7066], [761, "Tall", "tall", "NNP", 1, 7067], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 7068], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7069], [450, "tree", "tree", "NN", 1, 7070], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 7071], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7072], [820, "Siberian", "siberian", "JJ", 1, 7073], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 7074], [1226, "ecotones", "ecotone", "NNS", 1, 7075], [0, "since", "since", "IN", 0, 7076], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7077], [1227, "1960s", "1960", "NNS", 1, 7078], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7079]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d0b93792e9a8f15316182f4c2a3716fb46521fa3"}
{"graf": [[443, "Circumpolar", "circumpolar", "JJ", 1, 7080], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 7081], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7082], [761, "tall", "tall", "JJ", 1, 7083], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 7084], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7085], [450, "trees", "tree", "NNS", 1, 7086], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 7087], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 7088], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 7089], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 7090], [0, "widely", "widely", "RB", 0, 7091], [157, "thought", "think", "VBN", 1, 7092], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 7093], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 7094], [791, "occurring", "occur", "VBG", 1, 7095], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 7096], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 7097], [55, "result", "result", "NN", 1, 7098], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7099], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 7100], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 7101], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 7102], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7103], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 7104], [626, "little", "little", "JJ", 1, 7105], [889, "quantitative", "quantitative", "JJ", 1, 7106], [91, "evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 7107], [1228, "exists", "exist", "VBZ", 1, 7108], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 7109], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 7110], [794, "Siberia", "siberia", "NNP", 1, 7111], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7112], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 7113], [1033, "encompasses", "encompass", "VBZ", 1, 7114], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7115], [1229, "world", "world", "NN", 1, 7116], [0, "'s", "'s", "POS", 0, 7117], [505, "largest", "largest", "JJS", 1, 7118], [1230, "forest-tundra", "forest-tundra", "NN", 1, 7119], [1231, "ecotonal", "ecotonal", "JJ", 1, 7120], [1232, "belt", "belt", "NN", 1, 7121], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7122]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d189457b4ed0d8d567f25115739dcbab39f00112"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 7123], [825, "quantified", "quantify", "VBD", 1, 7124], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 7125], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7126], [761, "tall", "tall", "JJ", 1, 7127], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 7128], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7129], [450, "tree", "tree", "NN", 1, 7130], [757, "canopy", "canopy", "NN", 1, 7131], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 7132], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7133], [0, "11", "11", "CD", 0, 7134], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7135], [0, "widely", "widely", "RB", 0, 7136], [446, "distributed", "distribute", "VBN", 1, 7137], [820, "Siberian", "siberian", "JJ", 1, 7138], [1231, "ecotonal", "ecotonal", "JJ", 1, 7139], [477, "landscapes", "landscape", "NNS", 1, 7140], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 7141], [843, "comparing", "compare", "VBG", 1, 7142], [0, "very", "very", "RB", 0, 7143], [1233, "high-resolution", "high-resolution", "JJ", 1, 7144], [330, "photography", "photography", "NN", 1, 7145], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 7146], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7147], [1234, "Cold", "cold", "NNP", 1, 7148], [1235, "War-era", "war-era", "NNP", 1, 7149], [0, "'", "'", ".", 0, 7150], [1236, "Gambit", "gambit", "NNP", 1, 7151], [0, "'", "'", ".", 0, 7152], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7153], [0, "'", "'", ".", 0, 7154], [1237, "Corona", "corona", "NNP", 1, 7155], [0, "'", "'", ".", 0, 7156], [539, "satellite", "satellite", "NN", 1, 7157], [1238, "surveillance", "surveillance", "NN", 1, 7158], [103, "systems", "system", "NNS", 1, 7159], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 7160], [0, "1965", "1965", "CD", 0, 7161], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 7162], [0, "1969", "1969", "CD", 0, 7163], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 7164], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 7165], [1151, "modern", "modern", "JJ", 1, 7166], [1239, "imagery", "imagery", "NN", 1, 7167], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7168]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f6350ae2df51d8bc6cf3cd43d8b18669022cd517"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 7169], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 7170], [778, "analyzed", "analyze", "VBD", 1, 7171], [0, "within-landscape", "within-landscape", "IN", 0, 7172], [60, "patterns", "pattern", "NNS", 1, 7173], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7174], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 7175], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 7176], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 7177], [25, "evaluate", "evaluate", "VB", 1, 7178], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7179], [1240, "susceptibility", "susceptibility", "NN", 1, 7180], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7181], [125, "different", "different", "JJ", 1, 7182], [477, "landscape", "landscape", "NN", 1, 7183], [716, "components", "component", "NNS", 1, 7184], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 7185], [761, "tall", "tall", "JJ", 1, 7186], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 7187], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7188], [450, "tree", "tree", "NN", 1, 7189], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 7190], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7191]], "id": "0", "sha1": "093d4a212c8114618330a0021c1f03c73c105da1"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 7192], [482, "total", "total", "JJ", 1, 7193], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 7194], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7195], [761, "tall", "tall", "JJ", 1, 7196], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 7197], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7198], [450, "trees", "tree", "NNS", 1, 7199], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBD", 1, 7200], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7201], [0, "nine", "nine", "CD", 0, 7202], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7203], [0, "11", "11", "CD", 0, 7204], [1226, "ecotones", "ecotone", "NNS", 1, 7205], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7206]], "id": "0", "sha1": "409d19bdbe9c37c5680ad890ff305c0fb9176791"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 7207], [785, "northwest", "northwest", "JJ", 1, 7208], [794, "Siberia", "siberia", "NNP", 1, 7209], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7210], [343, "alder", "alder", "NN", 1, 7211], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 7212], [1019, "Alnus", "alnus", "NNP", 1, 7213], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 7214], [492, "shrubland", "shrubland", "NN", 1, 7215], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 7216], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBD", 1, 7217], [0, "5.3-25.9%", "5.3-25.9%", "CD", 0, 7218], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7219], [0, "five", "five", "CD", 0, 7220], [1226, "ecotones", "ecotone", "NNS", 1, 7221], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7222]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c40381850df541b156dc656b5b8c19e0d701eadd"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 7223], [1241, "Taymyr", "taymyr", "NNP", 1, 7224], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7225], [1242, "Yakutia", "yakutia", "NNP", 1, 7226], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7227], [1243, "larch", "larch", "NN", 1, 7228], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 7229], [1244, "Larix", "larix", "NNP", 1, 7230], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 7231], [250, "cover", "cover", "VBP", 1, 7232], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBD", 1, 7233], [0, "3.0-6.7%", "3.0-6.7%", "CD", 0, 7234], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 7235], [0, "three", "three", "CD", 0, 7236], [1226, "ecotones", "ecotone", "NNS", 1, 7237], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7238], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 7239], [258, "declined", "decline", "VBD", 1, 7240], [0, "16.8%", "16.8%", "CD", 0, 7241], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 7242], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 7243], [1245, "fourth", "fourth", "JJ", 1, 7244], [1226, "ecotone", "ecotone", "NN", 1, 7245], [1073, "due", "due", "JJ", 1, 7246], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 7247], [546, "thaw", "thaw", "NN", 1, 7248], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7249], [1246, "ice-rich", "ice-rich", "NN", 1, 7250], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "NN", 1, 7251], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7252]], "id": "0", "sha1": "37dc0c7d07e2988f5be77cab9fddd456159d9b85"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 7253], [1247, "Chukotka", "chukotka", "NNP", 1, 7254], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7255], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7256], [482, "total", "total", "JJ", 1, 7257], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 7258], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7259], [343, "alder", "alder", "NN", 1, 7260], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7261], [345, "dwarf", "dwarf", "NN", 1, 7262], [1248, "pine", "pine", "NN", 1, 7263], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 7264], [1249, "Pinus", "pinus", "NNP", 1, 7265], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 7266], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBD", 1, 7267], [0, "6.1%", "6.1%", "CD", 0, 7268], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 7269], [0, "one", "one", "CD", 0, 7270], [1226, "ecotone", "ecotone", "NN", 1, 7271], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7272], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 7273], [0, "little", "little", "RB", 0, 7274], [121, "changed", "change", "VBN", 1, 7275], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 7276], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 7277], [1250, "second", "second", "JJ", 1, 7278], [1226, "ecotone", "ecotone", "NN", 1, 7279], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7280]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ac89e0f7eacd7318e9e76038394e5e5495d8ecbb"}
{"graf": [[0, "Within", "within", "IN", 0, 7281], [221, "most", "most", "JJS", 1, 7282], [477, "landscapes", "landscape", "NNS", 1, 7283], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7284], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 7285], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7286], [450, "tree", "tree", "NN", 1, 7287], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 7288], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 7289], [748, "linked", "link", "VBN", 1, 7290], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 7291], [1083, "specific", "specific", "JJ", 1, 7292], [1251, "geomorphic", "geomorphic", "JJ", 1, 7293], [1252, "settings", "setting", "NNS", 1, 7294], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7295], [0, "especially", "especially", "RB", 0, 7296], [0, "those", "those", "DT", 0, 7297], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 7298], [833, "active", "active", "JJ", 1, 7299], [147, "disturbance", "disturbance", "NN", 1, 7300], [544, "regimes", "regime", "NNS", 1, 7301], [132, "such", "such", "JJ", 1, 7302], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 7303], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "NN", 1, 7304], [1253, "patterned-ground", "pattern-ground", "VBN", 1, 7305], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7306], [1195, "floodplains", "floodplain", "NNS", 1, 7307], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7308], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7309], [1254, "colluvial", "colluvial", "JJ", 1, 7310], [1255, "hillslopes", "hillslope", "NNS", 1, 7311], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7312]], "id": "0", "sha1": "74ae34e5157b0777aee0a5e231b5c140f499f571"}
{"graf": [[1193, "Mean", "mean", "JJ", 1, 7313], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 7314], [242, "temperatures", "temperature", "NNS", 1, 7315], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBD", 1, 7316], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 7317], [221, "most", "most", "JJS", 1, 7318], [1226, "ecotones", "ecotone", "NNS", 1, 7319], [0, "since", "since", "IN", 0, 7320], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7321], [1256, "mid-1960s", "mid-1960", "NNS", 1, 7322], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7323], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 7324], [115, "rates", "rate", "NNS", 1, 7325], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7326], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 7327], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7328], [450, "tree", "tree", "NN", 1, 7329], [757, "canopy", "canopy", "NN", 1, 7330], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 7331], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 7332], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 7333], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 7334], [0, "strongly", "strongly", "RB", 0, 7335], [844, "correlated", "correlate", "VBN", 1, 7336], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 7337], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 7338], [387, "trends", "trend", "NNS", 1, 7339], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7340], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 7341], [0, "better", "better", "RBR", 0, 7342], [844, "correlated", "correlate", "VBN", 1, 7343], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 7344], [1193, "mean", "mean", "JJ", 1, 7345], [779, "annual", "annual", "JJ", 1, 7346], [924, "precipitation", "precipitation", "NN", 1, 7347], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7348]], "id": "0", "sha1": "072e0a26b5f3f0285ae3aa8acbb6709a8ef120d1"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 7349], [1257, "conclude", "conclude", "VBP", 1, 7350], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 7351], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 7352], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7353], [450, "tree", "tree", "NN", 1, 7354], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 7355], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 7356], [139, "increasing", "increase", "VBG", 1, 7357], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7358], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 7359], [1226, "ecotones", "ecotone", "NNS", 1, 7360], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 7361], [221, "most", "most", "JJS", 1, 7362], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7363], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 7364], [794, "Siberia", "siberia", "NNP", 1, 7365], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7366], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 7367], [115, "rates", "rate", "NNS", 1, 7368], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7369], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 7370], [1095, "vary", "vary", "VBP", 1, 7371], [0, "widely", "widely", "RB", 0, 7372], [0, "regionally", "regionally", "RB", 0, 7373], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7374], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 7375], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7376], [477, "landscape", "landscape", "NN", 1, 7377], [410, "scale", "scale", "NN", 1, 7378], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7379]], "id": "0", "sha1": "7f79f39d85b63dc80bf150521826ad7966046bc0"}
{"graf": [[0, "Our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 7380], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 7381], [56, "indicate", "indicate", "VBP", 1, 7382], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 7383], [821, "extensive", "extensive", "JJ", 1, 7384], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 7385], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 7386], [791, "occur", "occur", "VB", 1, 7387], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 7388], [195, "decades", "decade", "NNS", 1, 7389], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7390], [828, "moist", "moist", "JJ", 1, 7391], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7392], [1258, "shrub-dominated", "shrub-dominate", "NN", 1, 7393], [1226, "ecotones", "ecotone", "NNS", 1, 7394], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7395], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 7396], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7397], [785, "northwest", "northwest", "NNP", 1, 7398], [794, "Siberia", "siberia", "NNP", 1, 7399], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7400], [0, "while", "while", "IN", 0, 7401], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 7402], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 7403], [920, "likely", "likely", "JJ", 1, 7404], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 7405], [791, "occur", "occur", "VB", 1, 7406], [0, "much", "much", "RB", 0, 7407], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 7408], [0, "slowly", "slowly", "RB", 0, 7409], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7410], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7411], [0, "highly", "highly", "RB", 0, 7412], [923, "continental", "continental", "JJ", 1, 7413], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7414], [1259, "larch-dominated", "larch-dominate", "NN", 1, 7415], [1226, "ecotones", "ecotone", "NNS", 1, 7416], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7417], [928, "central", "central", "JJ", 1, 7418], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7419], [187, "eastern", "eastern", "JJ", 1, 7420], [794, "Siberia", "siberia", "NNP", 1, 7421], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7422]], "id": "0", "sha1": "be338608d16fd3c325e6b79e5f781ad044727305"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 7423], [0, "2013", "2013", "CD", 0, 7424], [1260, "John", "john", "NNP", 1, 7425], [1261, "Wiley", "wiley", "NNP", 1, 7426], [0, "&", "&", ".", 0, 7427], [1262, "Sons", "sons", "NNP", 1, 7428], [380, "Ltd", "ltd", "NNP", 1, 7429], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 7430], [1263, "Strategies", "strategy", "NNS", 1, 7431], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7432], [1264, "survival", "survival", "NN", 1, 7433], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7434], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 7435], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7436], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7437], [1028, "Fennoscandian", "fennoscandian", "JJ", 1, 7438], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 7439], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7440]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ffa554b718a0088a38eb9e2bbb7770184b58bb00"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 7441], [1139, "extreme", "extreme", "JJ", 1, 7442], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 7443], [724, "environments", "environment", "NNS", 1, 7444], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7445], [1265, "selection", "selection", "NN", 1, 7446], [1266, "forces", "force", "NNS", 1, 7447], [126, "driving", "drive", "VBG", 1, 7448], [637, "evolution", "evolution", "NN", 1, 7449], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 7450], [0, "mainly", "mainly", "RB", 0, 7451], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7452], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7453], [1267, "phsyical", "phsyical", "JJ", 1, 7454], [724, "environment", "environment", "NN", 1, 7455], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7456], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 7457], [128, "interactions", "interaction", "NNS", 1, 7458], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 7459], [572, "positive", "positive", "JJ", 1, 7460], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7461]], "id": "0", "sha1": "fdbf0b6532ac83542b87eed9e0b7644afb06e4be"}
{"graf": [[0, "Elsewhere", "elsewhere", "RB", 0, 7462], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7463], [1268, "biotic", "biotic", "JJ", 1, 7464], [1128, "factors", "factor", "NNS", 1, 7465], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7466], [132, "such", "such", "JJ", 1, 7467], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 7468], [550, "herbivory", "herbivory", "NN", 1, 7469], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7470], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 7471], [192, "important", "important", "JJ", 1, 7472], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7473], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 7474], [128, "interactions", "interaction", "NNS", 1, 7475], [294, "become", "become", "VBP", 1, 7476], [138, "negative", "negative", "JJ", 1, 7477], [0, "through", "through", "IN", 0, 7478], [1269, "competition", "competition", "NN", 1, 7479], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7480]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d4664d2ff74a8ce698820e1998090b301a3dd257"}
{"graf": [[203, "Low", "low", "JJ", 1, 7481], [429, "winter", "winter", "NN", 1, 7482], [242, "temperatures", "temperature", "NNS", 1, 7483], [0, "rarely", "rarely", "RB", 0, 7484], [862, "affect", "affect", "VBP", 1, 7485], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 7486], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 7487], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7488], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 7489], [424, "snow", "snow", "NN", 1, 7490], [831, "depth", "depth", "NN", 1, 7491], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7492], [225, "duration", "duration", "NN", 1, 7493], [571, "influence", "influence", "NN", 1, 7494], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 7495], [109, "distributions", "distribution", "NNS", 1, 7496], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7497]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8bd54167158dcb0da7a9edf348871c491d3e03a5"}
{"graf": [[1270, "Deep", "deep", "NNS", 1, 7498], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7499], [1025, "persistent", "persistent", "JJ", 1, 7500], [424, "snow", "snow", "NN", 1, 7501], [1271, "deforms", "deforms", "NN", 1, 7502], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 7503], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7504], [222, "limits", "limit", "NNS", 1, 7505], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7506], [434, "period", "period", "NN", 1, 7507], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7508], [742, "resource", "resource", "NN", 1, 7509], [1272, "acquisition", "acquisition", "NN", 1, 7510], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7511]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d348fdb066152bfe39caed54faebf14533fdb369"}
{"graf": [[1273, "Cryptogams", "cryptogam", "NNS", 1, 7512], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 7513], [629, "common", "common", "JJ", 1, 7514], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7515], [132, "such", "such", "JJ", 1, 7516], [424, "snow", "snow", "NN", 1, 7517], [1274, "beds", "bed", "NNS", 1, 7518], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7519]], "id": "0", "sha1": "6d20139dd4b1c6c7a84df29b32cb7091448cff41"}
{"graf": [[626, "Little", "little", "JJ", 1, 7520], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 7521], [0, "no", "no", "DT", 0, 7522], [424, "snow", "snow", "NN", 1, 7523], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 7524], [1275, "exposes", "expose", "VBZ", 1, 7525], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 7526], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 7527], [1276, "abrasion", "abrasion", "NN", 1, 7528], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 7529], [1277, "wind-blown", "wind-blow", "NN", 1, 7530], [1278, "particles", "particle", "NNS", 1, 7531], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7532], [1279, "desiccation", "desiccation", "NN", 1, 7533], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7534]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ebb068359c92c7307dc533d6d49b4b5553f5e21d"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 7535], [132, "such", "such", "JJ", 1, 7536], [1280, "fell-field", "fell-field", "JJ", 1, 7537], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 7538], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7539], [251, "deciduous", "deciduous", "JJ", 1, 7540], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 7541], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7542], [1281, "xerophytes", "xerophyte", "NNS", 1, 7543], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7544], [132, "such", "such", "JJ", 1, 7545], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 7546], [760, "evergreen", "evergreen", "JJ", 1, 7547], [1282, "cushion", "cushion", "NN", 1, 7548], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 7549], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7550], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 7551], [629, "common", "common", "JJ", 1, 7552], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7553]], "id": "0", "sha1": "49bbd7cbc15a76cfc6b36b37772b45263f45f2f9"}
{"graf": [[101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 7554], [601, "summers", "summer", "NNS", 1, 7555], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 7556], [224, "short", "short", "JJ", 1, 7557], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7558], [1283, "developmental", "developmental", "JJ", 1, 7559], [267, "processes", "process", "NNS", 1, 7560], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 7561], [1284, "extended", "extended", "JJ", 1, 7562], [0, "beyond", "beyond", "IN", 0, 7563], [0, "one", "one", "CD", 0, 7564], [246, "growing", "grow", "VBG", 1, 7565], [247, "season", "season", "NN", 1, 7566], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7567], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 7568], [1285, "perennials", "perennial", "NNS", 1, 7569], [1286, "predominating", "predominate", "VBG", 1, 7570], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7571]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f07f1bb8ae546d1525b6e27a388c31e2373946bd"}
{"graf": [[1282, "Cushion", "cushion", "NN", 1, 7572], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 7573], [0, "efficiently", "efficiently", "RB", 0, 7574], [139, "increase", "increase", "VBP", 1, 7575], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 7576], [242, "temperatures", "temperature", "NNS", 1, 7577], [0, "above", "above", "IN", 0, 7578], [621, "ambient", "ambient", "NN", 1, 7579], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7580], [0, "while", "while", "IN", 0, 7581], [760, "evergreen", "evergreen", "JJ", 1, 7582], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7583], [251, "deciduous", "deciduous", "JJ", 1, 7584], [1287, "ericaceous", "ericaceous", "JJ", 1, 7585], [345, "dwarf", "dwarf", "NN", 1, 7586], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 7587], [1228, "exist", "exist", "VBP", 1, 7588], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7589], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 7590], [1288, "complementary", "complementary", "JJ", 1, 7591], [1263, "strategies", "strategy", "NNS", 1, 7592], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 7593], [1289, "intercepting", "intercept", "VBG", 1, 7594], [422, "radiation", "radiation", "NN", 1, 7595], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7596], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 7597], [203, "low", "low", "JJ", 1, 7598], [757, "canopy", "canopy", "NN", 1, 7599], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7600]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ec610c7c845f8d8ebe493e85e1c5f139caebafd0"}
{"graf": [[213, "Tundra", "tundra", "JJ", 1, 7601], [167, "soils", "soil", "NNS", 1, 7602], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 7603], [0, "generally", "generally", "RB", 0, 7604], [1290, "infertile", "infertile", "JJ", 1, 7605], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7606], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 7607], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 7608], [1291, "disturbed", "disturb", "VBN", 1, 7609], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 7610], [1079, "freeze", "freeze", "NN", 1, 7611], [0, "/", "/", ".", 0, 7612], [546, "thaw", "thaw", "NN", 1, 7613], [442, "cycles", "cycle", "NNS", 1, 7614], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7615]], "id": "0", "sha1": "eb9c1e784174b840205c6cc0bcdb1ee92cdeb446"}
{"graf": [[559, "Nutrients", "nutrient", "NNS", 1, 7616], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 7617], [1292, "conserved", "conserve", "VBN", 1, 7618], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 7619], [1293, "recycling", "recycle", "VBG", 1, 7620], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 7621], [1294, "shoots", "shoot", "NNS", 1, 7622], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7623], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 7624], [1295, "ramets", "ramet", "NNS", 1, 7625], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 7626], [1296, "clones", "clone", "NNS", 1, 7627], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7628]], "id": "0", "sha1": "20d24fb28bf92b78cceed164f1a1c59f3995222f"}
{"graf": [[1297, "Vegetative", "vegetative", "JJ", 1, 7629], [1298, "proliferation", "proliferation", "NN", 1, 7630], [1158, "enhances", "enhance", "VBZ", 1, 7631], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7632], [1264, "survival", "survival", "NN", 1, 7633], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7634], [1299, "young", "young", "JJ", 1, 7635], [1295, "ramets", "ramet", "NNS", 1, 7636], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7637], [0, "while", "while", "IN", 0, 7638], [1300, "physiological", "physiological", "JJ", 1, 7639], [1301, "integration", "integration", "NN", 1, 7640], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 7641], [1295, "ramets", "ramet", "NNS", 1, 7642], [63, "enables", "enable", "VBZ", 1, 7643], [1299, "young", "young", "JJ", 1, 7644], [1295, "ramets", "ramet", "NNS", 1, 7645], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 7646], [1302, "forage", "forage", "VB", 1, 7647], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 7648], [1303, "patchy", "patchy", "JJ", 1, 7649], [724, "environments", "environment", "NNS", 1, 7650], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7651]], "id": "0", "sha1": "1a8012a91b534a58bdf16a1b3904405cde8f7289"}
{"graf": [[1304, "Periodic", "periodic", "JJ", 1, 7652], [1305, "infestations", "infestation", "NNS", 1, 7653], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7654], [1306, "moth", "moth", "NN", 1, 7655], [1307, "caterpillars", "caterpillar", "NNS", 1, 7656], [1308, "defoliate", "defoliate", "VBP", 1, 7657], [602, "large", "large", "JJ", 1, 7658], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 7659], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7660], [494, "mountain", "mountain", "NN", 1, 7661], [346, "birch", "birch", "NN", 1, 7662], [826, "Betula", "betula", "NNP", 1, 7663], [1309, "pubescens", "pubescen", "VBZ", 1, 7664], [1310, "tortuosa", "tortuosa", "NN", 1, 7665], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7666], [1311, "stimulate", "stimulate", "VB", 1, 7667], [139, "increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 7668], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7669], [666, "populations", "population", "NNS", 1, 7670], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7671], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 7672], [1312, "predators", "predator", "NNS", 1, 7673], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7674]], "id": "0", "sha1": "850b62fb490512dff3425151daf8547365aac7a0"}
{"graf": [[1304, "Periodic", "periodic", "JJ", 1, 7675], [666, "population", "population", "NN", 1, 7676], [1024, "peaks", "peak", "NNS", 1, 7677], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7678], [610, "small", "small", "JJ", 1, 7679], [1313, "rodents", "rodent", "NNS", 1, 7680], [1314, "graze", "graze", "VBP", 1, 7681], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 7682], [1315, "kill", "kill", "VB", 1, 7683], [750, "much", "much", "JJ", 1, 7684], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 7685], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7686], [0, "they", "they", "PRP", 0, 7687], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 7688], [1316, "moderate", "moderate", "VB", 1, 7689], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7690], [525, "dynamic", "dynamic", "JJ", 1, 7691], [554, "structure", "structure", "NN", 1, 7692], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7693], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 7694], [209, "communities", "community", "NNS", 1, 7695], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7696], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 7697], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7698], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 7699], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 7700], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 7701], [125, "different", "different", "JJ", 1, 7702], [728, "abilities", "ability", "NNS", 1, 7703], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 7704], [1317, "regenerate", "regenerate", "VB", 1, 7705], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7706]], "id": "0", "sha1": "a5bd6a2a5f13d3da9ac52ad40ade1b4cb908c3a9"}
{"graf": [[0, "-from", "-from", "IN", 0, 7707], [1318, "Authors", "author", "NNS", 1, 7708], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7709]], "id": "0", "sha1": "52632a112da447723a78ee362f92e4399e67f95f"}
{"graf": [[0, "Repeatedly", "repeatedly", "RB", 0, 7710], [0, "out", "out", "IN", 0, 7711], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7712], [658, "Beringia", "beringia", "NNP", 1, 7713], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 7714], [1319, "Cassiope", "cassiope", "NNP", 1, 7715], [1320, "tetragona", "tetragona", "NN", 1, 7716], [1321, "embraces", "embrace", "VBZ", 1, 7717], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7718], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 7719], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7720]], "id": "0", "sha1": "acfa63a194bd716bd262f903164eb9cdd9c8aa9d"}
{"graf": [[1322, "Aim", "aim", "NN", 1, 7721], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 7722], [640, "Eric", "eric", "NNP", 1, 7723], [641, "Hult\u00e9n", "hult\u00e9n", "NNP", 1, 7724], [1323, "hypothesized", "hypothesize", "VBD", 1, 7725], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 7726], [221, "most", "most", "JJS", 1, 7727], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 7728], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 7729], [0, "initially", "initially", "RB", 0, 7730], [1324, "radiated", "radiate", "VBD", 1, 7731], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 7732], [658, "Beringia", "beringia", "NNP", 1, 7733], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7734], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7735], [847, "Late", "late", "JJ", 1, 7736], [1325, "Tertiary", "tertiary", "NNP", 1, 7737], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7738], [1326, "persisted", "persist", "VBD", 1, 7739], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7740], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 7741], [1327, "unglaciated", "unglaciated", "JJ", 1, 7742], [169, "area", "area", "NN", 1, 7743], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 7744], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7745], [1328, "Pleistocene", "pleistocene", "NNP", 1, 7746], [1329, "glaciations", "glaciation", "NNS", 1, 7747], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7748], [0, "while", "while", "IN", 0, 7749], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 7750], [109, "distribution", "distribution", "NN", 1, 7751], [97, "ranges", "range", "NNS", 1, 7752], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 7753], [0, "repeatedly", "repeatedly", "RB", 0, 7754], [1330, "fragmented", "fragmented", "JJ", 1, 7755], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7756], [1331, "reformed", "reform", "VBN", 1, 7757], [0, "elsewhere", "elsewhere", "RB", 0, 7758], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7759]], "id": "0", "sha1": "da82301789f6f8f9a7fe99f1b951f643a489b4a2"}
{"graf": [[0, "Whereas", "whereas", "IN", 0, 7760], [689, "taxonomic", "taxonomic", "JJ", 1, 7761], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7762], [653, "fossil", "fossil", "JJ", 1, 7763], [91, "evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 7764], [367, "suggest", "suggest", "VBP", 1, 7765], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 7766], [1319, "Cassiope", "cassiope", "NNP", 1, 7767], [1320, "tetragona", "tetragona", "NN", 1, 7768], [679, "originated", "originate", "VBD", 1, 7769], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7770], [658, "Beringia", "beringia", "NNP", 1, 7771], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7772], [822, "expanded", "expand", "VBN", 1, 7773], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 7774], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7775], [667, "circumarctic", "circumarctic", "JJ", 1, 7776], [169, "area", "area", "NN", 1, 7777], [0, "before", "before", "IN", 0, 7778], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7779], [1332, "onset", "onset", "NN", 1, 7780], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7781], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7782], [1329, "glaciations", "glaciation", "NNS", 1, 7783], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7784], [1333, "lack", "lack", "NN", 1, 7785], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7786], [1334, "chloroplast", "chloroplast", "JJ", 1, 7787], [1335, "DNA", "dna", "NNP", 1, 7788], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 7789], [1336, "cpDNA", "cpdna", "NNP", 1, 7790], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 7791], [631, "variation", "variation", "NN", 1, 7792], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 7793], [367, "suggest", "suggest", "VB", 1, 7794], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 7795], [1337, "colonization", "colonization", "NN", 1, 7796], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 7797], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 7798], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 7799], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7800]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f5232f262fc46c0fe32d9eabe5fe0b1ae473ffc7"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 7801], [617, "address", "addres", "VBP", 1, 7802], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 7803], [1338, "contradictory", "contradictory", "JJ", 1, 7804], [1157, "scenarios", "scenario", "NNS", 1, 7805], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 7806], [1233, "high-resolution", "high-resolution", "JJ", 1, 7807], [1339, "nuclear", "nuclear", "JJ", 1, 7808], [1340, "markers", "marker", "NNS", 1, 7809], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7810]], "id": "0", "sha1": "13dd5ac9398c68dc7060dc7f3e8bf72f090a50d7"}
{"graf": [[223, "Location", "location", "NN", 1, 7811], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 7812], [443, "Circumpolar", "circumpolar", "JJ", 1, 7813], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 7814], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7815]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f6dc4c6c98ac9151456fd6ca5909731c74c0c97e"}
{"graf": [[452, "Methods", "method", "NNS", 1, 7816], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 7817]], "id": "0", "sha1": "01a46fb52f0c14f92da476120be7afe1ef1ec52d"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 7818], [98, "main", "main", "JJ", 1, 7819], [1, "analysis", "analysis", "NN", 1, 7820], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 7821], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 7822], [1341, "amplified", "amplified", "JJ", 1, 7823], [1342, "fragment-length", "fragment-length", "NN", 1, 7824], [1343, "polymorphism", "polymorphism", "NN", 1, 7825], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 7826], [1344, "AFLP", "aflp", "NNP", 1, 7827], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 7828], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7829], [0, "while", "while", "IN", 0, 7830], [1345, "sequences", "sequence", "NNS", 1, 7831], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7832], [1334, "chloroplast", "chloroplast", "NN", 1, 7833], [1335, "DNA", "dna", "NN", 1, 7834], [1346, "verified", "verify", "VBD", 1, 7835], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7836], [4, "use", "use", "NN", 1, 7837], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7838], [1319, "Cassiope", "cassiope", "NNP", 1, 7839], [1347, "mertensiana", "mertensiana", "NN", 1, 7840], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 7841], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 7842], [1348, "outgroup", "outgroup", "NN", 1, 7843], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 7844], [1349, "C.", "c.", "NNP", 1, 7845], [1320, "tetragona", "tetragona", "NN", 1, 7846], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7847]], "id": "0", "sha1": "de3f09b543febb9b4ec61dd4a106c7553e1f479c"}
{"graf": [[318, "Data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 7848], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 7849], [753, "analysed", "analyse", "VBN", 1, 7850], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 7851], [1350, "Bayesian", "bayesian", "NNP", 1, 7852], [1351, "clustering", "clustering", "NN", 1, 7853], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7854], [715, "principal", "principal", "NN", 1, 7855], [1352, "coordinates", "coordinate", "VBZ", 1, 7856], [1, "analyses", "analysis", "NNS", 1, 7857], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7858], [1353, "parsimony", "parsimony", "NN", 1, 7859], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7860], [1354, "neighbour-joining", "neighbour-join", "NN", 1, 7861], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7862], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7863], [13, "measures", "measure", "NNS", 1, 7864], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7865], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 7866], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7867], [1355, "differentiation", "differentiation", "NN", 1, 7868], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 7869], [1356, "calculated", "calculate", "VBN", 1, 7870], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7871]], "id": "0", "sha1": "a4d080ef7cea9aac2f7e7f32beaa6bd50c022d49"}
{"graf": [[55, "Results", "result", "NNS", 1, 7872], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 7873], [0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 7874], [443, "circumpolar", "circumpolar", "JJ", 1, 7875], [1349, "C.", "c.", "NNP", 1, 7876], [1320, "tetragona", "tetragona", "NN", 1, 7877], [1188, "ssp", "ssp", "NN", 1, 7878], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7879]], "id": "0", "sha1": "44482b6e374139f22cb4112c45362e67bc5392e6"}
{"graf": [[1320, "tetragona", "tetragona", "NN", 1, 7880], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 7881], [0, "well", "well", "RB", 0, 7882], [669, "separated", "separate", "VBN", 1, 7883], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 7884], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7885], [45, "North", "north", "NNP", 1, 7886], [800, "American", "american", "NNP", 1, 7887], [1349, "C.", "c.", "NNP", 1, 7888], [1320, "tetragona", "tetragona", "NN", 1, 7889], [1188, "ssp", "ssp", "NN", 1, 7890], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7891]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0f5dcf39b16861039d825fab279867a5c99b95b0"}
{"graf": [[1357, "saximontana", "saximontana", "NN", 1, 7892], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7893]], "id": "0", "sha1": "a548b54f865240b9ed9db9ccb3c5178aacdfe52a"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 7894], [1358, "genetic", "genetic", "JJ", 1, 7895], [554, "structure", "structure", "NN", 1, 7896], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7897], [1188, "ssp", "ssp", "NN", 1, 7898], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7899]], "id": "0", "sha1": "bf4a3c3a95102423c7d99354bfd6b6d8f0821cf9"}
{"graf": [[1320, "tetragona", "tetragona", "NN", 1, 7900], [68, "showed", "show", "VBD", 1, 7901], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 7902], [427, "strong", "strong", "JJ", 1, 7903], [0, "east-west", "east-west", "RB", 0, 7904], [387, "trend", "trend", "NN", 1, 7905], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7906], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 7907], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7908], [1359, "Beringian", "beringian", "JJ", 1, 7909], [666, "populations", "population", "NNS", 1, 7910], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7911], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 7912], [1360, "intermediate", "intermediate", "JJ", 1, 7913], [1361, "position", "position", "NN", 1, 7914], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7915]], "id": "0", "sha1": "7541f48a43d56f27d6cfdcc5b48589e5fcc6fc85"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 7916], [1362, "highest", "highest", "JJS", 1, 7917], [598, "level", "level", "NN", 1, 7918], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7919], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 7920], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 7921], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7922], [658, "Beringia", "beringia", "NNP", 1, 7923], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7924], [0, "while", "while", "IN", 0, 7925], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7926], [1363, "strongest", "strongest", "JJS", 1, 7927], [1355, "differentiation", "differentiation", "NN", 1, 7928], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7929], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7930], [1215, "data", "data", "NN", 1, 7931], [1059, "set", "set", "NN", 1, 7932], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 7933], [338, "found", "find", "VBN", 1, 7934], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 7935], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7936], [666, "populations", "population", "NNS", 1, 7937], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 7938], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7939], [820, "Siberian", "siberian", "JJ", 1, 7940], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 7941], [341, "west", "west", "NN", 1, 7942], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7943], [658, "Beringia", "beringia", "NNP", 1, 7944], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7945], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7946], [485, "remainder", "remainder", "NN", 1, 7947], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7948]], "id": "0", "sha1": "72cec96c2ee7c66da7d69a54dda13cb080e22339"}
{"graf": [[98, "Main", "main", "JJ", 1, 7949], [507, "conclusions", "conclusion", "NNS", 1, 7950], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 7951], [0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 7952], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 7953], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 7954], [359, "consistent", "consistent", "JJ", 1, 7955], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 7956], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 7957], [1359, "Beringian", "beringian", "JJ", 1, 7958], [644, "origin", "origin", "NN", 1, 7959], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7960], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7961], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 7962], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7963], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 7964], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7965], [598, "levels", "level", "NNS", 1, 7966], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7967], [1364, "geographical", "geographical", "JJ", 1, 7968], [60, "patterns", "pattern", "NNS", 1, 7969], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 7970], [1355, "differentiation", "differentiation", "NN", 1, 7971], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 7972], [1365, "gene", "gene", "NN", 1, 7973], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 7974], [367, "suggest", "suggest", "VBP", 1, 7975], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 7976], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7977], [1366, "latest", "latest", "JJS", 1, 7978], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 7979], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 7980], [658, "Beringia", "beringia", "NNP", 1, 7981], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 7982], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7983], [667, "circumarctic", "circumarctic", "NN", 1, 7984], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 7985], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 7986], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 7987], [0, "possibly", "possibly", "RB", 0, 7988], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 7989], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 7990], [106, "current", "current", "JJ", 1, 7991], [1108, "interglacial", "interglacial", "NN", 1, 7992], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 7993]], "id": "0", "sha1": "5e85d5dc8028fcb9182b8f5831b78ebb6859fdcb"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 7994], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 7995], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 7996], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 7997], [1367, "accordance", "accordance", "NN", 1, 7998], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 7999], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 8000], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 8001], [1368, "leading-edge", "leading-edge", "NN", 1, 8002], [1369, "mode", "mode", "NN", 1, 8003], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8004], [1337, "colonization", "colonization", "NN", 1, 8005], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8006], [0, "particularly", "particularly", "RB", 0, 8007], [0, "towards", "towards", "IN", 0, 8008], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8009], [664, "east", "east", "NN", 1, 8010], [0, "throughout", "throughout", "IN", 0, 8011], [362, "Canada", "canada", "NNP", 1, 8012], [0, "/", "/", ".", 0, 8013], [1370, "Greenland", "greenland", "NNP", 1, 8014], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8015], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 8016], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8017], [45, "North", "north", "NNP", 1, 8018], [665, "Atlantic", "atlantic", "NNP", 1, 8019], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 8020], [363, "Scandinavia", "scandinavia", "NNP", 1, 8021], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8022], [1371, "Svalbard", "svalbard", "NNP", 1, 8023], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8024]], "id": "0", "sha1": "175dc25d38cdef1bf4561cee09089b4230b5e0c4"}
{"graf": [[0, "As", "as", "IN", 0, 8025], [653, "fossils", "fossil", "NNS", 1, 8026], [950, "demonstrate", "demonstrate", "VBP", 1, 8027], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8028], [769, "presence", "presence", "NN", 1, 8029], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8030], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8031], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 8032], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8033], [45, "North", "north", "NNP", 1, 8034], [1370, "Greenland", "greenland", "NNP", 1, 8035], [0, "2.5", "2.5", "CD", 0, 8036], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 8037], [0, "2.0", "2.0", "CD", 0, 8038], [702, "Ma", "ma", "NNP", 1, 8039], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8040], [0, "as", "as", "RB", 0, 8041], [0, "well", "well", "RB", 0, 8042], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 8043], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8044], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8045], [1372, "previous", "previous", "JJ", 1, 8046], [1108, "interglacial", "interglacial", "NN", 1, 8047], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8048], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 8049], [1257, "conclude", "conclude", "VBP", 1, 8050], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 8051], [1349, "C.", "c.", "NNP", 1, 8052], [1320, "tetragona", "tetragona", "NN", 1, 8053], [822, "expanded", "expand", "VBD", 1, 8054], [0, "eastwards", "eastwards", "RB", 0, 8055], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 8056], [658, "Beringia", "beringia", "NNP", 1, 8057], [22, "several", "several", "JJ", 1, 8058], [606, "times", "time", "NNS", 1, 8059], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8060], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 8061], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8062], [1373, "earlier", "earlier", "JJR", 1, 8063], [1374, "emigrants", "emigrant", "NNS", 1, 8064], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8065], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 8066], [1375, "woody", "woody", "NN", 1, 8067], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 8068], [294, "became", "become", "VBD", 1, 8069], [1376, "extinct", "extinct", "JJ", 1, 8070], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8071]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8b1e21762b2bbe1021a3906c76a1f5d79f7ef38b"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 8072], [803, "last", "last", "JJ", 1, 8073], [117, "major", "major", "JJ", 1, 8074], [1377, "westward", "westward", "JJ", 1, 8075], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 8076], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 8077], [658, "Beringia", "beringia", "NNP", 1, 8078], [1378, "seems", "seem", "VBZ", 1, 8079], [1379, "older", "older", "JJR", 1, 8080], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8081], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8082], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8083], [318, "data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 8084], [367, "suggest", "suggest", "VBP", 1, 8085], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 8086], [669, "separate", "separate", "JJ", 1, 8087], [820, "Siberian", "siberian", "JJ", 1, 8088], [659, "refugium", "refugium", "NN", 1, 8089], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 8090], [0, "at", "at", "RB", 0, 8091], [0, "least", "least", "RBS", 0, 8092], [0, "one", "one", "CD", 0, 8093], [1329, "glaciation", "glaciation", "NN", 1, 8094], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8095]], "id": "0", "sha1": "cc3d3deb96b4fa8178470fa2026dc9dd037398a0"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 8096], [0, "2007", "2007", "CD", 0, 8097], [0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 8098], [1380, "Authors", "authors", "NNPS", 1, 8099], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 8100], [1358, "Genetic", "genetic", "NNP", 1, 8101], [1381, "roadmap", "roadmap", "NN", 1, 8102], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8103], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8104], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 8105], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 8106], [78, "Plant", "plant", "VB", 1, 8107], [674, "dispersal", "dispersal", "NN", 1, 8108], [1382, "highways", "highway", "NNS", 1, 8109], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8110], [1383, "traffic", "traffic", "NN", 1, 8111], [673, "barriers", "barrier", "NNS", 1, 8112], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8113], [1384, "capitals", "capital", "NNS", 1, 8114], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8115], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 8116], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8117]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2046363e44ea1b0e2feef5d8cedaa81bc4fb022c"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 8118], [263, "provide", "provide", "VBP", 1, 8119], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8120], [156, "first", "first", "JJ", 1, 8121], [1385, "comparative", "comparative", "JJ", 1, 8122], [1386, "multispecies", "multispecie", "NNS", 1, 8123], [1, "analysis", "analysis", "NN", 1, 8124], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8125], [2, "spatial", "spatial", "JJ", 1, 8126], [1358, "genetic", "genetic", "JJ", 1, 8127], [554, "structure", "structure", "NN", 1, 8128], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8129], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 8130], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8131], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8132], [443, "circumpolar", "circumpolar", "JJ", 1, 8133], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 8134], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 8135], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 8136], [629, "common", "common", "JJ", 1, 8137], [1263, "strategy", "strategy", "NN", 1, 8138], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 8139], [1387, "sampling", "sampling", "NN", 1, 8140], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8141], [1358, "genetic", "genetic", "JJ", 1, 8142], [1, "analyses", "analysis", "NNS", 1, 8143], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8144]], "id": "0", "sha1": "52c22f3bd7309cc19e4e71f3e04418d607c41024"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 8145], [1322, "aimed", "aim", "VBD", 1, 8146], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 8147], [19, "identify", "identify", "VB", 1, 8148], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8149], [21, "explain", "explain", "VB", 1, 8150], [313, "potential", "potential", "JJ", 1, 8151], [31, "general", "general", "JJ", 1, 8152], [60, "patterns", "pattern", "NNS", 1, 8153], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8154], [1358, "genetic", "genetic", "JJ", 1, 8155], [1388, "discontinuity", "discontinuity", "NN", 1, 8156], [0, "/", "/", ".", 0, 8157], [1389, "connectivity", "connectivity", "NN", 1, 8158], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8159], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 8160], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8161], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8162], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 8163], [843, "compare", "compare", "VB", 1, 8164], [0, "our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 8165], [533, "findings", "finding", "NNS", 1, 8166], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 8167], [0, "previously", "previously", "RB", 0, 8168], [481, "published", "publish", "VBN", 1, 8169], [320, "hypotheses", "hypothesis", "NNS", 1, 8170], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8171]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b7af507358e2eed6eb516eb02cae325431bb5207"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 8172], [1390, "collected", "collect", "VBD", 1, 8173], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8174], [778, "analyzed", "analyze", "VBD", 1, 8175], [0, "7707", "7707", "CD", 0, 8176], [1184, "samples", "sample", "NNS", 1, 8177], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8178], [0, "17", "17", "CD", 0, 8179], [199, "widespread", "widespread", "JJ", 1, 8180], [1391, "arctic-alpine", "arctic-alpine", "JJ", 1, 8181], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 8182], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 8183], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 8184], [1341, "amplified", "amplified", "JJ", 1, 8185], [1392, "fragment", "fragment", "NN", 1, 8186], [1393, "length", "length", "NN", 1, 8187], [1343, "polymorphisms", "polymorphism", "NNS", 1, 8188], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 8189], [1394, "AFLPs", "aflps", "NNP", 1, 8190], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 8191], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8192]], "id": "0", "sha1": "42f089d2680cb03a997b63cb363e230aaeb0d022"}
{"graf": [[1358, "Genetic", "genetic", "JJ", 1, 8193], [554, "structure", "structure", "NN", 1, 8194], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8195], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 8196], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8197], [1395, "distinctiveness", "distinctiveness", "NN", 1, 8198], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 8199], [778, "analyzed", "analyze", "VBN", 1, 8200], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 8201], [0, "each", "each", "DT", 0, 8202], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 8203], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8204], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8205], [1396, "extrapolated", "extrapolate", "VBD", 1, 8206], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 8207], [250, "cover", "cover", "VB", 1, 8208], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8209], [466, "geographic", "geographic", "JJ", 1, 8210], [97, "range", "range", "NN", 1, 8211], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8212], [0, "each", "each", "DT", 0, 8213], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 8214], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8215]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0663b7edfa2fdf0d35c0a893033502a6e934db03"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 8216], [55, "resulting", "result", "VBG", 1, 8217], [444, "maps", "map", "NNS", 1, 8218], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 8219], [1397, "overlaid", "overlay", "VBN", 1, 8220], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 8221], [1398, "produce", "produce", "VB", 1, 8222], [1399, "metamaps", "metamap", "NNS", 1, 8223], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8224]], "id": "0", "sha1": "4607dc3155bca63a032d24252f9789f1db634b54"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 8225], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 8226], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8227], [665, "Atlantic", "atlantic", "NNP", 1, 8228], [1400, "Oceans", "oceans", "NNPS", 1, 8229], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8230], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8231], [1401, "Greenlandic", "greenlandic", "NNP", 1, 8232], [412, "ice", "ice", "NN", 1, 8233], [1402, "cap", "cap", "NN", 1, 8234], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8235], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8236], [1403, "Urals", "ural", "NNS", 1, 8237], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8238], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8239], [1404, "lowland", "lowland", "NN", 1, 8240], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 8241], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 8242], [188, "southern", "southern", "JJ", 1, 8243], [494, "mountain", "mountain", "NN", 1, 8244], [97, "ranges", "range", "NNS", 1, 8245], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8246], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8247], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 8248], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 8249], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8250], [1363, "strongest", "strongest", "JJS", 1, 8251], [673, "barriers", "barrier", "NNS", 1, 8252], [0, "against", "against", "IN", 0, 8253], [1365, "gene", "gene", "NN", 1, 8254], [1405, "flow", "flow", "NN", 1, 8255], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8256]], "id": "0", "sha1": "35e4d1b127d5fb62812850b9e38b3f045e59914e"}
{"graf": [[79, "Diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 8257], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 8258], [1362, "highest", "highest", "JJS", 1, 8259], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8260], [658, "Beringia", "beringia", "NNP", 1, 8261], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8262], [0, "gradually", "gradually", "RB", 0, 8263], [253, "decreased", "decrease", "VBD", 1, 8264], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 8265], [0, "formerly", "formerly", "RB", 0, 8266], [1406, "glaciated", "glaciate", "VBN", 1, 8267], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 8268], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8269]], "id": "0", "sha1": "fbc6b8760e408242bc88377158aa5d4f70538c43"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 8270], [1362, "highest", "highest", "JJS", 1, 8271], [576, "degrees", "degree", "NNS", 1, 8272], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8273], [1395, "distinctiveness", "distinctiveness", "NN", 1, 8274], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 8275], [244, "observed", "observe", "VBN", 1, 8276], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8277], [794, "Siberia", "siberia", "NNP", 1, 8278], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8279]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2b84b6ccdd2ebb96598ee022c99050143bf88ee5"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 8280], [1257, "conclude", "conclude", "VBP", 1, 8281], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 8282], [1407, "large-scale", "large-scale", "JJ", 1, 8283], [31, "general", "general", "JJ", 1, 8284], [60, "patterns", "pattern", "NNS", 1, 8285], [1228, "exist", "exist", "VBP", 1, 8286], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8287], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8288], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 8289], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8290], [1408, "shaped", "shape", "VBN", 1, 8291], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 8292], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8293], [1328, "Pleistocene", "pleistocene", "NNP", 1, 8294], [1329, "glaciations", "glaciation", "NNS", 1, 8295], [365, "combined", "combine", "VBN", 1, 8296], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 8297], [0, "long-standing", "long-standing", "RB", 0, 8298], [1185, "physical", "physical", "JJ", 1, 8299], [673, "barriers", "barrier", "NNS", 1, 8300], [0, "against", "against", "IN", 0, 8301], [1365, "gene", "gene", "NN", 1, 8302], [1405, "flow", "flow", "NN", 1, 8303], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8304]], "id": "0", "sha1": "59a61c407a8422a03f44d0812d8a9c1e58a7084d"}
{"graf": [[658, "Beringia", "beringia", "NNP", 1, 8305], [1409, "served", "serve", "VBD", 1, 8306], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 8307], [0, "both", "both", "DT", 0, 8308], [659, "refugium", "refugium", "NN", 1, 8309], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8310], [1410, "source", "source", "NN", 1, 8311], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 8312], [1108, "interglacial", "interglacial", "JJ", 1, 8313], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 8314], [1411, "re)colonization", "re)colonization", "NN", 1, 8315], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8316], [0, "whereas", "whereas", "IN", 0, 8317], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 8318], [0, "further", "further", "RB", 0, 8319], [0, "west", "west", "RB", 0, 8320], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8321], [794, "Siberia", "siberia", "NNP", 1, 8322], [1409, "served", "serve", "VBD", 1, 8323], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 8324], [1412, "refugia", "refugia", "NN", 1, 8325], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8326], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 8327], [743, "less", "less", "JJR", 1, 8328], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 8329], [1410, "sources", "source", "NNS", 1, 8330], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 8331], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 8332], [1411, "re)colonization", "re)colonization", "NN", 1, 8333], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8334]], "id": "0", "sha1": "3d981aa89faedca501f127bf8cfac87c6ed80cf9"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 8335], [0, "2013", "2013", "CD", 0, 8336], [0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 8337], [1380, "Authors", "authors", "NNPS", 1, 8338], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8339]], "id": "0", "sha1": "29758011ce67f18991b87351d9f4d9b25f19e0d1"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 8340], [0, "2013", "2013", "CD", 0, 8341], [289, "New", "new", "NNP", 1, 8342], [1413, "Phytologist", "phytologist", "NNP", 1, 8343], [1414, "Trust", "trust", "NNP", 1, 8344], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 8345], [121, "Changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 8346], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8347], [69, "global", "global", "JJ", 1, 8348], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 8349], [722, "cycling", "cycling", "NN", 1, 8350], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 8351], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8352], [680, "Holocene", "holocene", "NNP", 1, 8353], [1415, "epoch", "epoch", "NN", 1, 8354], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8355]], "id": "0", "sha1": "6d9cc5278aa0490435d2685c53949dde8c380d84"}
{"graf": [[377, "Human", "human", "NN", 1, 8356], [549, "activities", "activity", "NNS", 1, 8357], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 8358], [1416, "doubled", "double", "VBN", 1, 8359], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8360], [1417, "pre-industrial", "pre-industrial", "NN", 1, 8361], [1418, "supply", "supply", "NN", 1, 8362], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8363], [1419, "reactive", "reactive", "JJ", 1, 8364], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 8365], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 8366], [965, "Earth", "earth", "NNP", 1, 8367], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8368], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8369], [112, "future", "future", "JJ", 1, 8370], [115, "rates", "rate", "NNS", 1, 8371], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8372], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 8373], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 8374], [327, "expected", "expect", "VBN", 1, 8375], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 8376], [609, "accelerate", "accelerate", "VB", 1, 8377], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8378]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c5bc8994353b0eb63812449f76054eeb17a371b4"}
{"graf": [[0, "Yet", "yet", "CC", 0, 8379], [626, "little", "little", "JJ", 1, 8380], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 8381], [734, "known", "know", "VBN", 1, 8382], [0, "about", "about", "IN", 0, 8383], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8384], [582, "capacity", "capacity", "NN", 1, 8385], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8386], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8387], [1145, "biosphere", "biosphere", "NN", 1, 8388], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 8389], [1420, "buffer", "buffer", "VB", 1, 8390], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 8391], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 8392], [911, "influx", "influx", "NN", 1, 8393], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8394]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c2df76ff8ef8974310aedba45a180ec886cf6046"}
{"graf": [[331, "Past", "past", "JJ", 1, 8395], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 8396], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8397], [69, "global", "global", "JJ", 1, 8398], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 8399], [600, "following", "follow", "VBG", 1, 8400], [1421, "deglaciation", "deglaciation", "NN", 1, 8401], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 8402], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8403], [700, "end", "end", "NN", 1, 8404], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8405], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8406], [1328, "Pleistocene", "pleistocene", "NNP", 1, 8407], [1415, "epoch", "epoch", "NN", 1, 8408], [263, "provide", "provide", "VBP", 1, 8409], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 8410], [1422, "opportunity", "opportunity", "NN", 1, 8411], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 8412], [561, "understand", "understand", "VB", 1, 8413], [1423, "better", "better", "JJR", 1, 8414], [0, "how", "how", "WRB", 0, 8415], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 8416], [722, "cycling", "cycling", "NN", 1, 8417], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8418], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8419], [77, "terrestrial", "terrestrial", "JJ", 1, 8420], [1145, "biosphere", "biosphere", "NN", 1, 8421], [219, "responded", "respond", "VBD", 1, 8422], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 8423], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 8424], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8425], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 8426], [722, "cycling", "cycling", "NN", 1, 8427], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8428]], "id": "0", "sha1": "da3d1dd97af69432608475e38335b5a0355375f6"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 8429], [753, "analysed", "analyse", "VBD", 1, 8430], [481, "published", "publish", "VBN", 1, 8431], [401, "records", "record", "NNS", 1, 8432], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8433], [1112, "stable", "stable", "JJ", 1, 8434], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 8435], [1424, "isotopic", "isotopic", "NN", 1, 8436], [1111, "values", "value", "NNS", 1, 8437], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 8438], [1425, "\u03b4", "\u03b4", "NNP", 1, 8439], [0, "15", "15", "CD", 0, 8440], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 8441], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 8442], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8443], [1097, "sediments", "sediment", "NNS", 1, 8444], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 8445], [0, "86", "86", "CD", 0, 8446], [478, "lakes", "lake", "NNS", 1, 8447], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 8448], [0, "six", "six", "CD", 0, 8449], [1426, "continents", "continent", "NNS", 1, 8450], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8451]], "id": "0", "sha1": "562f11cd73098949fe0abc632789c965528c744b"}
{"graf": [[0, "Here", "here", "RB", 0, 8452], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 8453], [68, "show", "show", "VBP", 1, 8454], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 8455], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8456], [1111, "value", "value", "NN", 1, 8457], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8458], [1427, "sedimentary", "sedimentary", "NN", 1, 8459], [1425, "\u03b4", "\u03b4", "NNP", 1, 8460], [0, "15", "15", "CD", 0, 8461], [82, "N", "n", "NN", 1, 8462], [258, "declined", "decline", "VBD", 1, 8463], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 8464], [0, "15,000years", "15,000years", "CD", 0, 8465], [0, "before", "before", "IN", 0, 8466], [913, "present", "present", "JJ", 1, 8467], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 8468], [1428, "7,056\u00b1597years", "7,056\u00b1597years", "NNPS", 1, 8469], [0, "before", "before", "IN", 0, 8470], [913, "present", "present", "NN", 1, 8471], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8472], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 8473], [434, "period", "period", "NN", 1, 8474], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8475], [139, "increasing", "increase", "VBG", 1, 8476], [81, "atmospheric", "atmospheric", "JJ", 1, 8477], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 8478], [277, "dioxide", "dioxide", "NN", 1, 8479], [301, "concentrations", "concentration", "NNS", 1, 8480], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8481], [77, "terrestrial", "terrestrial", "JJ", 1, 8482], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 8483], [119, "accumulation", "accumulation", "NN", 1, 8484], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8485]], "id": "0", "sha1": "14975305a888bff5d0b126571440525b7371ac26"}
{"graf": [[30, "Comparison", "comparison", "NN", 1, 8486], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8487], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8488], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 8489], [1429, "isotope", "isotope", "NN", 1, 8490], [401, "record", "record", "NN", 1, 8491], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 8492], [908, "concomitant", "concomitant", "JJ", 1, 8493], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 8494], [119, "accumulation", "accumulation", "NN", 1, 8495], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 8496], [892, "land", "land", "NN", 1, 8497], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8498], [1430, "nitrous", "nitrous", "JJ", 1, 8499], [1431, "oxide", "oxide", "NN", 1, 8500], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8501], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8502], [268, "atmosphere", "atmosphere", "NN", 1, 8503], [367, "suggests", "suggest", "VBZ", 1, 8504], [1432, "millennia", "millennium", "NNS", 1, 8505], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8506], [258, "declining", "decline", "VBG", 1, 8507], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 8508], [142, "availability", "availability", "NN", 1, 8509], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8510], [77, "terrestrial", "terrestrial", "JJ", 1, 8511], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 8512], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 8513], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8514], [1433, "Pleistocene-Holocene", "pleistocene-holocene", "NNP", 1, 8515], [368, "transition", "transition", "NN", 1, 8516], [0, "around", "around", "IN", 0, 8517], [0, "11,000", "11,000", "CD", 0, 8518], [332, "years", "year", "NNS", 1, 8519], [0, "before", "before", "IN", 0, 8520], [913, "present", "present", "NN", 1, 8521], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8522]], "id": "0", "sha1": "59a0c61bf6f510283ac4c87d09a503862f3f4df9"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 8523], [661, "contrast", "contrast", "NN", 1, 8524], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8525], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 8526], [179, "do", "do", "VBP", 1, 8527], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 8528], [244, "observe", "observe", "VB", 1, 8529], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 8530], [359, "consistent", "consistent", "JJ", 1, 8531], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 8532], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8533], [69, "global", "global", "JJ", 1, 8534], [1427, "sedimentary", "sedimentary", "NN", 1, 8535], [1425, "\u03b4", "\u03b4", "NNP", 1, 8536], [0, "15", "15", "CD", 0, 8537], [82, "N", "n", "NN", 1, 8538], [1111, "values", "value", "NNS", 1, 8539], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 8540], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8541], [331, "past", "past", "JJ", 1, 8542], [1434, "500years", "500year", "NNS", 1, 8543], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8544], [0, "despite", "despite", "IN", 0, 8545], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8546], [313, "potential", "potential", "JJ", 1, 8547], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 8548], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8549], [121, "changing", "change", "VBG", 1, 8550], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 8551], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8552], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 8553], [911, "influx", "influx", "NN", 1, 8554], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 8555], [548, "anthropogenic", "anthropogenic", "JJ", 1, 8556], [1410, "sources", "source", "NNS", 1, 8557], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8558]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8eb369cc27a19f7d0e70d582c7820b67e974881d"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 8559], [288, "propose", "propose", "VBP", 1, 8560], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 8561], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8562], [1333, "lack", "lack", "NN", 1, 8563], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8564], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 8565], [28, "single", "single", "JJ", 1, 8566], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 8567], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 8568], [56, "indicate", "indicate", "VB", 1, 8569], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 8570], [1151, "modern", "modern", "JJ", 1, 8571], [139, "increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 8572], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8573], [81, "atmospheric", "atmospheric", "JJ", 1, 8574], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 8575], [277, "dioxide", "dioxide", "NN", 1, 8576], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8577], [309, "net", "net", "JJ", 1, 8578], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 8579], [283, "sequestration", "sequestration", "NN", 1, 8580], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8581], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8582], [1145, "biosphere", "biosphere", "NN", 1, 8583], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 8584], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8585], [313, "potential", "potential", "NN", 1, 8586], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 8587], [851, "offset", "offset", "VB", 1, 8588], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 8589], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 8590], [1418, "supplies", "supply", "NNS", 1, 8591], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8592], [1419, "reactive", "reactive", "JJ", 1, 8593], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 8594], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8595], [0, "some", "some", "DT", 0, 8596], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 8597], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8598]], "id": "0", "sha1": "aa65451360e198b62837575119cd286c4152a83a"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 8599], [0, "2013", "2013", "CD", 0, 8600], [771, "Macmillan", "macmillan", "NNP", 1, 8601], [772, "Publishers", "publishers", "NNPS", 1, 8602], [158, "Limited", "limited", "NNP", 1, 8603], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8604]], "id": "0", "sha1": "cd57235259ffc399bccd22c7e90d481b3e8a2cfc"}
{"graf": [[0, "All", "all", "DT", 0, 8605], [773, "rights", "right", "NNS", 1, 8606], [774, "reserved", "reserve", "VBN", 1, 8607], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 8608]], "id": "0", "sha1": "6616a400ab185697b582edb6b1db50c7770f2cc0"}
{"graf": [[215, "Recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 8609], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 8610], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8611], [491, "erect", "erect", "NN", 1, 8612], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 8613], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8614], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8615], [203, "Low", "low", "JJ", 1, 8616], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 8617], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 8618], [91, "Evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 8619], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 8620], [187, "Eastern", "eastern", "NNP", 1, 8621], [1435, "Nunavik", "nunavik", "NNP", 1, 8622], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8623]], "id": "0", "sha1": "bebd2fcef3fb3726bd055b9a4ccf65eb18b3e7b6"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 8624], [58, "order", "order", "NN", 1, 8625], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 8626], [739, "characterize", "characterize", "VB", 1, 8627], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 8628], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 8629], [0, "near", "near", "IN", 0, 8630], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8631], [1021, "treeline", "treeline", "NN", 1, 8632], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8633], [187, "Eastern", "eastern", "NNP", 1, 8634], [1435, "Nunavik", "nunavik", "NNP", 1, 8635], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 8636], [1436, "Qu\u00e9bec", "qu\u00e9bec", "NNP", 1, 8637], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 8638], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8639], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 8640], [183, "region", "region", "NN", 1, 8641], [0, "under", "under", "IN", 0, 8642], [821, "extensive", "extensive", "JJ", 1, 8643], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 8644], [0, "since", "since", "IN", 0, 8645], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8646], [0, "1990s", "1990s", "CD", 0, 8647], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8648], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 8649], [843, "compared", "compare", "VBD", 1, 8650], [0, "two", "two", "CD", 0, 8651], [946, "series", "series", "NN", 1, 8652], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 8653], [0, "1964", "1964", "CD", 0, 8654], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8655], [0, "2003", "2003", "CD", 0, 8656], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 8657], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8658], [1093, "vertical", "vertical", "JJ", 1, 8659], [336, "aerial", "aerial", "JJ", 1, 8660], [1437, "photos", "photo", "NNS", 1, 8661], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 8662], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8663], [1438, "vicinity", "vicinity", "NN", 1, 8664], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8665], [1439, "Kangiqsualujjuaq", "kangiqsualujjuaq", "NNP", 1, 8666], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8667]], "id": "0", "sha1": "66542a2bc9e51253a0ca128d75ff690d5e4dfe4b"}
{"graf": [[0, "Our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 8668], [39, "study", "study", "NN", 1, 8669], [61, "revealed", "reveal", "VBD", 1, 8670], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 8671], [199, "widespread", "widespread", "JJ", 1, 8672], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 8673], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8674], [491, "erect", "erect", "JJ", 1, 8675], [1375, "woody", "woody", "NN", 1, 8676], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 8677], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 8678], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8679]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b63bb1ba0b09415bc9994e831fa842b8df6c0f6f"}
{"graf": [[0, "During", "during", "IN", 0, 8680], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8681], [1440, "40years", "40year", "NNS", 1, 8682], [339, "spanning", "span", "VBG", 1, 8683], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8684], [0, "two", "two", "CD", 0, 8685], [1437, "photo", "photo", "NN", 1, 8686], [946, "series", "series", "NN", 1, 8687], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8688], [491, "erect", "erect", "JJ", 1, 8689], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 8690], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8691], [450, "tree", "tree", "NN", 1, 8692], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 8693], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBD", 1, 8694], [0, "markedly", "markedly", "RB", 0, 8695], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 8696], [148, "more", "more", "JJR", 1, 8697], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 8698], [1441, "half", "half", "NN", 1, 8699], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8700], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8701], [892, "land", "land", "NN", 1, 8702], [389, "surface", "surface", "NN", 1, 8703], [293, "available", "available", "JJ", 1, 8704], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 8705], [289, "new", "new", "JJ", 1, 8706], [1337, "colonization", "colonization", "NN", 1, 8707], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 8708], [1442, "infilling", "infilling", "NN", 1, 8709], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8710]], "id": "0", "sha1": "231e9b7afa00a35a1d0f2c0c9989a8e19ab59ae6"}
{"graf": [[0, "Within", "within", "IN", 0, 8711], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8712], [0, "7.2km2", "7.2km2", "CD", 0, 8713], [753, "analysed", "analyse", "VBN", 1, 8714], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8715], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 8716], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 8717], [1443, "dense", "dense", "JJ", 1, 8718], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 8719], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8720], [450, "tree", "tree", "NN", 1, 8721], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 8722], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 8723], [0, "&", "&", ".", 0, 8724], [1444, "gt;90%", "gt;90%", "NNP", 1, 8725], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 8726], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBD", 1, 8727], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 8728], [0, "34%", "34%", "CD", 0, 8729], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 8730], [0, "44%", "44%", "CD", 0, 8731], [0, "whereas", "whereas", "IN", 0, 8732], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 8733], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 8734], [203, "low", "low", "JJ", 1, 8735], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 8736], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 8737], [0, "&", "&", ".", 0, 8738], [1445, "lt;10%", "lt;10%", "NNP", 1, 8739], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 8740], [1446, "shrank", "shrink", "VBD", 1, 8741], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 8742], [0, "45%", "45%", "CD", 0, 8743], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 8744], [0, "29%", "29%", "CD", 0, 8745], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8746]], "id": "0", "sha1": "236e81a5409bcb246c71cd4869fc7ac07eedd285"}
{"graf": [[0, "This", "this", "DT", 0, 8747], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 8748], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8749], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 8750], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8751], [450, "trees", "tree", "NNS", 1, 8752], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8753], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 8754], [791, "occurred", "occur", "VBD", 1, 8755], [0, "throughout", "throughout", "IN", 0, 8756], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8757], [477, "landscape", "landscape", "NN", 1, 8758], [0, "regardless", "regardless", "RB", 0, 8759], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8760], [1447, "altitude", "altitude", "NN", 1, 8761], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8762], [348, "slope", "slope", "NN", 1, 8763], [1448, "angle", "angle", "NN", 1, 8764], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8765], [1077, "exposure", "exposure", "NN", 1, 8766], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8767], [0, "although", "although", "IN", 0, 8768], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 8769], [1095, "varying", "vary", "VBG", 1, 8770], [328, "extents", "extent", "NNS", 1, 8771], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8772]], "id": "0", "sha1": "6a34435abb6e369ffacf4df89e566455ef1edecb"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 8773], [98, "main", "main", "JJ", 1, 8774], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 8775], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 8776], [236, "involved", "involve", "VBN", 1, 8777], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8778], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 8779], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 8780], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 8781], [826, "Betula", "betula", "NNP", 1, 8782], [1449, "glandulosa", "glandulosa", "NN", 1, 8783], [1450, "Michx.(dwarf", "michx.(dwarf", "NNP", 1, 8784], [346, "birch", "birch", "NN", 1, 8785], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 8786], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8787], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 8788], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 8789], [913, "present", "present", "JJ", 1, 8790], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8791], [0, "98%", "98%", "CD", 0, 8792], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8793], [921, "dominant", "dominant", "JJ", 1, 8794], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8795], [0, "85%", "85%", "CD", 0, 8796], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8797], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8798], [0, "345", "345", "CD", 0, 8799], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 8800], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8801]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ad864e86f1bdb692c63f921e649649f2e39ea119"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 8802], [229, "addition", "addition", "NN", 1, 8803], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8804], [517, "numerous", "numerous", "JJ", 1, 8805], [1451, "seedlings", "seedling", "NNS", 1, 8806], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8807], [1452, "saplings", "sapling", "NNS", 1, 8808], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8809], [1244, "Larix", "larix", "NNP", 1, 8810], [1453, "laricina", "laricina", "NN", 1, 8811], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 8812], [1454, "Du", "du", "NNP", 1, 8813], [1455, "Roi", "roi", "NNP", 1, 8814], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 8815], [1456, "KKoch", "kkoch", "NNP", 1, 8816], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 8817], [187, "eastern", "eastern", "JJ", 1, 8818], [1243, "larch", "larch", "NN", 1, 8819], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 8820], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 8821], [338, "found", "find", "VBN", 1, 8822], [0, "above", "above", "IN", 0, 8823], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8824], [1021, "treeline", "treeline", "NN", 1, 8825], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 8826], [0, "25%", "25%", "CD", 0, 8827], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8828], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8829], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 8830], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 8831], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8832], [367, "suggesting", "suggest", "VBG", 1, 8833], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 8834], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8835], [1457, "altitudinal", "altitudinal", "JJ", 1, 8836], [1021, "treeline", "treeline", "NN", 1, 8837], [0, "might", "might", "MD", 0, 8838], [1168, "shift", "shift", "VB", 1, 8839], [1458, "upslope", "upslope", "NN", 1, 8840], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8841], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8842], [1459, "near", "near", "JJ", 1, 8843], [112, "future", "future", "NN", 1, 8844], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8845]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ffd5324fc6f3462f1b895a31cc0ac05b1a96e002"}
{"graf": [[618, "Sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 8846], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 8847], [321, "remained", "remain", "VBD", 1, 8848], [1460, "devoid", "devoid", "JJ", 1, 8849], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8850], [491, "erect", "erect", "JJ", 1, 8851], [1375, "woody", "woody", "NN", 1, 8852], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 8853], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8854], [0, "2003", "2003", "CD", 0, 8855], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 8856], [0, "either", "either", "RB", 0, 8857], [739, "characterized", "characterize", "VBN", 1, 8858], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 8859], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8860], [1043, "absence", "absence", "NN", 1, 8861], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8862], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 8863], [1461, "suitable", "suitable", "JJ", 1, 8864], [1462, "seedbed", "seedbed", "NN", 1, 8865], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 8866], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 8867], [1463, "harsh", "harsh", "JJ", 1, 8868], [65, "local", "local", "JJ", 1, 8869], [1464, "microclimatic", "microclimatic", "JJ", 1, 8870], [36, "conditions", "condition", "NNS", 1, 8871], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 8872], [1465, "wind", "wind", "NN", 1, 8873], [1077, "exposure", "exposure", "NN", 1, 8874], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 8875], [1466, "excessive", "excessive", "JJ", 1, 8876], [1467, "drainage", "drainage", "NN", 1, 8877], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 8878], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8879]], "id": "0", "sha1": "9a658a5e5b666082437cf29e6f7dbbddccd4ba6b"}
{"graf": [[0, "Our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 8880], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 8881], [56, "indicate", "indicate", "VBP", 1, 8882], [1468, "dramatic", "dramatic", "JJ", 1, 8883], [139, "increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 8884], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8885], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 8886], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8887], [450, "tree", "tree", "NN", 1, 8888], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 8889], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 8890], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 8891], [203, "Low", "low", "JJ", 1, 8892], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 8893], [618, "site", "site", "NN", 1, 8894], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8895], [187, "Eastern", "eastern", "NNP", 1, 8896], [1435, "Nunavik", "nunavik", "NNP", 1, 8897], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8898], [552, "contributing", "contribute", "VBG", 1, 8899], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 8900], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 8901], [246, "growing", "grow", "VBG", 1, 8902], [14, "number", "number", "NN", 1, 8903], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8904], [216, "observations", "observation", "NNS", 1, 8905], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8906], [1375, "woody", "woody", "NN", 1, 8907], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 8908], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 8909], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 8910], [1064, "various", "various", "JJ", 1, 8911], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 8912], [0, "around", "around", "IN", 0, 8913], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8914], [45, "North", "north", "NNP", 1, 8915], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8916]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d9f2bfb08b9d52eb878e991f2859c71bc8695d66"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 8917], [0, "2012", "2012", "CD", 0, 8918], [573, "IOP", "iop", "NNP", 1, 8919], [379, "Publishing", "publishing", "NNP", 1, 8920], [380, "Ltd", "ltd", "NNP", 1, 8921], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 8922]], "id": "0", "sha1": "53c639c0ed2467a68edf4d085669ba16408dc027"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 8923], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 8924], [1469, "greenness", "greennes", "VBZ", 1, 8925], [387, "trend", "trend", "NN", 1, 8926], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 8927], [362, "Canada", "canada", "NNP", 1, 8928], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8929], [1470, "US", "us", "NNP", 1, 8930], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 8931], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 8932], [0, "1984", "1984", "CD", 0, 8933], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 8934], [0, "2012", "2012", "CD", 0, 8935], [1471, "Landsat", "landsat", "NNP", 1, 8936], [318, "data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 8937], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8938]], "id": "0", "sha1": "54e7dcb005dde356d1908a223512bf7a4eb5d616"}
{"graf": [[0, "To", "to", "TO", 0, 8939], [90, "assess", "assess", "VB", 1, 8940], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8941], [45, "North", "north", "JJ", 1, 8942], [800, "American", "american", "JJ", 1, 8943], [530, "high-latitude", "high-latitude", "JJ", 1, 8944], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 8945], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 8946], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 8947], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8948], [275, "rising", "rise", "VBG", 1, 8949], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 8950], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8951], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 8952], [17, "derived", "derive", "VBD", 1, 8953], [991, "NDVI", "ndvi", "NNP", 1, 8954], [387, "trend", "trend", "NN", 1, 8955], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 8956], [0, "91.2%", "91.2%", "CD", 0, 8957], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8958], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8959], [0, "non-water", "non-water", "AFX", 0, 8960], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 8961], [0, "non", "non", "AFX", 0, 8962], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 8963], [424, "snow", "snow", "NN", 1, 8964], [892, "land", "land", "NN", 1, 8965], [169, "area", "area", "NN", 1, 8966], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8967], [362, "Canada", "canada", "NNP", 1, 8968], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8969], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 8970], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 8971], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8972], [1472, "peak-summer", "peak-summer", "NN", 1, 8973], [1471, "Landsat", "landsat", "NNP", 1, 8974], [389, "surface", "surface", "NN", 1, 8975], [1473, "reflectance", "reflectance", "NN", 1, 8976], [318, "data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 8977], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8978], [0, "1984", "1984", "CD", 0, 8979], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 8980], [0, "2012", "2012", "CD", 0, 8981], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 8982]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8ba89a33f0024a17c41d9f2f5d434780866b180a"}
{"graf": [[0, "Our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 8983], [1, "analysis", "analysis", "NN", 1, 8984], [56, "indicated", "indicate", "VBD", 1, 8985], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 8986], [0, "29.4%", "29.4%", "CD", 0, 8987], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8988], [0, "2.9%", "2.9%", "CD", 0, 8989], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8990], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 8991], [892, "land", "land", "NN", 1, 8992], [169, "area", "area", "NN", 1, 8993], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 8994], [362, "Canada", "canada", "NNP", 1, 8995], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 8996], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 8997], [68, "showed", "show", "VBD", 1, 8998], [0, "statistically", "statistically", "RB", 0, 8999], [802, "significant", "significant", "JJ", 1, 9000], [572, "positive", "positive", "JJ", 1, 9001], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 9002], [776, "greening", "greening", "NN", 1, 9003], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 9004], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9005], [138, "negative", "negative", "JJ", 1, 9006], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 9007], [1474, "browning", "brown", "VBG", 1, 9008], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 9009], [387, "trends", "trend", "NNS", 1, 9010], [0, "respectively", "respectively", "RB", 0, 9011], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9012], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 9013], [1475, "significance", "significance", "NN", 1, 9014], [598, "level", "level", "NN", 1, 9015], [1476, "p<.", "p<.", "JJ", 1, 9016], [0, "0.01", "0.01", "CD", 0, 9017], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9018], [0, "after", "after", "IN", 0, 9019], [1477, "burned", "burn", "VBN", 1, 9020], [105, "forest", "forest", "NN", 1, 9021], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 9022], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 9023], [1478, "masked", "mask", "VBN", 1, 9024], [0, "out", "out", "RP", 0, 9025], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9026]], "id": "0", "sha1": "5254125b7c465bf48ef45b5be5ff2258ff2f1760"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 9027], [169, "area", "area", "NN", 1, 9028], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 9029], [937, "greening", "green", "VBG", 1, 9030], [387, "trend", "trend", "NN", 1, 9031], [1001, "dominated", "dominate", "VBN", 1, 9032], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 9033], [0, "that", "that", "DT", 0, 9034], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 9035], [1474, "browning", "brown", "VBG", 1, 9036], [387, "trend", "trend", "NN", 1, 9037], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 9038], [0, "all", "all", "DT", 0, 9039], [892, "land", "land", "NN", 1, 9040], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 9041], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 9042], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9043]], "id": "0", "sha1": "a7c26722d40c0281b9851518c351928094da0b5c"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 9044], [776, "greening", "greening", "NN", 1, 9045], [791, "occurred", "occur", "VBD", 1, 9046], [0, "primarily", "primarily", "RB", 0, 9047], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9048], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9049], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 9050], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9051], [1479, "western", "western", "JJ", 1, 9052], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 9053], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9054], [0, "along", "along", "IN", 0, 9055], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9056], [45, "north", "north", "NN", 1, 9057], [1480, "coast", "coast", "NN", 1, 9058], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9059], [362, "Canada", "canada", "NNP", 1, 9060], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9061], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9062], [1481, "northeastern", "northeastern", "JJ", 1, 9063], [362, "Canada", "canada", "NNP", 1, 9064], [0, ";", ";", ".", 0, 9065], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9066], [0, "most", "most", "RBS", 0, 9067], [1482, "intensive", "intensive", "JJ", 1, 9068], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9069], [821, "extensive", "extensive", "JJ", 1, 9070], [776, "greening", "greening", "NN", 1, 9071], [791, "occurred", "occur", "VBD", 1, 9072], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9073], [1483, "Quebec", "quebec", "NNP", 1, 9074], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9075], [1484, "Labrador", "labrador", "NNP", 1, 9076], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9077]], "id": "0", "sha1": "67a571a7437865c780344637add4f51372e6336a"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 9078], [1485, "browning", "browning", "NN", 1, 9079], [791, "occurred", "occur", "VBD", 1, 9080], [0, "mostly", "mostly", "RB", 0, 9081], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9082], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9083], [102, "boreal", "boreal", "JJ", 1, 9084], [105, "forests", "forest", "NNS", 1, 9085], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9086], [187, "eastern", "eastern", "JJ", 1, 9087], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 9088], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9089]], "id": "0", "sha1": "6a89f65eaf22afdc79faf29362bfd47712c09a68"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 9090], [1486, "Landsat-based", "landsat-base", "NNP", 1, 9091], [541, "greenness", "greenness", "NN", 1, 9092], [387, "trend", "trend", "NN", 1, 9093], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 9094], [0, "broadly", "broadly", "RB", 0, 9095], [33, "similar", "similar", "JJ", 1, 9096], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 9097], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9098], [1487, "8-km", "8-km", "NNP", 1, 9099], [1488, "GIMMS", "gimms", "NNP", 1, 9100], [1489, "AVHRR-based", "avhrr-base", "NNP", 1, 9101], [387, "trend", "trend", "NN", 1, 9102], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 9103], [0, "all", "all", "DT", 0, 9104], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 9105], [768, "zones", "zone", "NNS", 1, 9106], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9107]], "id": "0", "sha1": "798e5c20b5b48b90495c064d0c08631a812a3f0c"}
{"graf": [[0, "However", "however", "RB", 0, 9108], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9109], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 9110], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 9111], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9112], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9113], [1471, "Landsat", "landsat", "NNP", 1, 9114], [318, "data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 9115], [56, "indicated", "indicate", "VBD", 1, 9116], [0, "much", "much", "RB", 0, 9117], [0, "less", "less", "RBR", 0, 9118], [821, "extensive", "extensive", "JJ", 1, 9119], [776, "greening", "greening", "NN", 1, 9120], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9121], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 9122], [45, "North", "north", "NNP", 1, 9123], [348, "Slope", "slope", "NNP", 1, 9124], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9125], [0, "much", "much", "RB", 0, 9126], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 9127], [821, "extensive", "extensive", "JJ", 1, 9128], [776, "greening", "greening", "NN", 1, 9129], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9130], [1483, "Quebec", "quebec", "NNP", 1, 9131], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9132], [1484, "Labrador", "labrador", "NNP", 1, 9133], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9134], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9135], [0, "substantially", "substantially", "RB", 0, 9136], [0, "less", "less", "RBR", 0, 9137], [821, "extensive", "extensive", "JJ", 1, 9138], [1474, "browning", "brown", "VBG", 1, 9139], [387, "trend", "trend", "NN", 1, 9140], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9141], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9142], [102, "boreal", "boreal", "NN", 1, 9143], [105, "forests", "forest", "NNS", 1, 9144], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 9145], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 9146], [1490, "free", "free", "JJ", 1, 9147], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9148], [547, "fire", "fire", "NN", 1, 9149], [147, "disturbances", "disturbance", "NNS", 1, 9150], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9151]], "id": "0", "sha1": "9a26d0ee491bacf4e742925d46b28e61946bda6a"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 9152], [356, "differences", "difference", "NNS", 1, 9153], [832, "call", "call", "VBP", 1, 9154], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 9155], [852, "further", "further", "JJ", 1, 9156], [1010, "validation", "validation", "NN", 1, 9157], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9158], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9159], [1471, "Landsat", "landsat", "NNP", 1, 9160], [1473, "reflectance", "reflectance", "NN", 1, 9161], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9162], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9163], [460, "AVHRR", "avhrr", "NNP", 1, 9164], [991, "NDVI", "ndvi", "NNP", 1, 9165], [1491, "datasets", "dataset", "NNS", 1, 9166], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9167]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f73f9956b333466daee874ddcae9248bc37d20b5"}
{"graf": [[790, "Correlation", "correlation", "NNP", 1, 9168], [39, "study", "study", "NN", 1, 9169], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 9170], [65, "local", "local", "JJ", 1, 9171], [220, "environmental", "environmental", "JJ", 1, 9172], [1128, "factors", "factor", "NNS", 1, 9173], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9174], [132, "such", "such", "JJ", 1, 9175], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 9176], [476, "topography", "topography", "NN", 1, 9177], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9178], [693, "glacial", "glacial", "JJ", 1, 9179], [636, "history", "history", "NN", 1, 9180], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9181], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 9182], [36, "condition", "condition", "NN", 1, 9183], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9184], [0, "will", "will", "MD", 0, 9185], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 9186], [178, "needed", "need", "VBN", 1, 9187], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 9188], [561, "understand", "understand", "VB", 1, 9189], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9190], [951, "heterogeneous", "heterogeneous", "JJ", 1, 9191], [541, "greenness", "greenness", "NN", 1, 9192], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 9193], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 9194], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9195], [1471, "Landsat", "landsat", "NNP", 1, 9196], [410, "scale", "scale", "NN", 1, 9197], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9198]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0dde84d9f2b66b47061998f1e5703a3b38277d07"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 9199], [0, "2016", "2016", "CD", 0, 9200], [1492, "Elsevier", "elsevier", "NNP", 1, 9201], [1493, "Inc", "inc", "NNP", 1, 9202], [0, "...", "...", ".", 0, 9203], [0, "Below-ground", "below-ground", "RB", 0, 9204], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 9205], [1494, "transfer", "transfer", "NN", 1, 9206], [0, "among", "among", "IN", 0, 9207], [826, "Betula", "betula", "NNP", 1, 9208], [827, "nana", "nana", "NN", 1, 9209], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 9210], [139, "increase", "increase", "VB", 1, 9211], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 9212], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 9213], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9214], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 9215], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 9216], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9217]], "id": "0", "sha1": "7d1310b75b19253f9e7c249abd58505212c08bf5"}
{"graf": [[1495, "Summary", "summary", "NN", 1, 9218], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 9219], [0, "\u2022", "\u2022", ".", 0, 9220], [1496, "Shrubs", "shrubs", "NNP", 1, 9221], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 9222], [822, "expanding", "expand", "VBG", 1, 9223], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9224], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 9225], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 9226], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9227], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 9228], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9229], [153, "role", "role", "NN", 1, 9230], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9231], [1497, "mycorrhizal", "mycorrhizal", "NN", 1, 9232], [1498, "fungi", "fungi", "NN", 1, 9233], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9234], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 9235], [267, "process", "process", "NN", 1, 9236], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 9237], [1499, "unknown", "unknown", "JJ", 1, 9238], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9239]], "id": "0", "sha1": "04edbd6f38bbf052d429843f6924d8456a3f8502"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 9240], [319, "tested", "test", "VBD", 1, 9241], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9242], [320, "hypothesis", "hypothesis", "NN", 1, 9243], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 9244], [1497, "mycorrhizal", "mycorrhizal", "NN", 1, 9245], [1500, "networks", "network", "NNS", 1, 9246], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 9247], [236, "involved", "involve", "VBN", 1, 9248], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9249], [1501, "interplant", "interplant", "JJ", 1, 9250], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 9251], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 9252], [282, "C", "c", "NNP", 1, 9253], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 9254], [1494, "transfer", "transfer", "NN", 1, 9255], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 9256], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 9257], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 9258], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 9259], [209, "community", "community", "NN", 1, 9260], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9261]], "id": "0", "sha1": "7ca8b32059835e73ad6d3c359f75a7f290261304"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u2022", "\u2022", ".", 0, 9262]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ecf727ea048d0b4ba81d0cdc94bdc4802f1eb166"}
{"graf": [[0, "Here", "here", "RB", 0, 9263], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9264], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 9265], [1502, "installed", "instal", "VBD", 1, 9266], [0, "below-ground", "below-ground", "IN", 0, 9267], [239, "treatments", "treatment", "NNS", 1, 9268], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 9269], [567, "control", "control", "VB", 1, 9270], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 9271], [282, "C", "c", "NN", 1, 9272], [1494, "transfer", "transfer", "NN", 1, 9273], [1503, "pathways", "pathway", "NNS", 1, 9274], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9275], [1009, "conducted", "conduct", "VBD", 1, 9276], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 9277], [0, "13CO", "13co", "CD", 0, 9278], [0, "2-pulse-chase", "2-pulse-chase", "CD", 0, 9279], [1504, "labelling", "labelling", "NN", 1, 9280], [93, "experiment", "experiment", "NN", 1, 9281], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 9282], [307, "examine", "examine", "VB", 1, 9283], [282, "C", "c", "NNP", 1, 9284], [1494, "transfer", "transfer", "NN", 1, 9285], [0, "among", "among", "IN", 0, 9286], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9287], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 9288], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 9289], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 9290], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9291]], "id": "0", "sha1": "7bdcbe08c2ceeb2c336da1707081f2f8007ab6be"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u2022", "\u2022", ".", 0, 9292], [0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 9293], [68, "showed", "show", "VBD", 1, 9294], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 9295], [1497, "mycorrhizal", "mycorrhizal", "NN", 1, 9296], [1500, "networks", "network", "NNS", 1, 9297], [1228, "exist", "exist", "VBP", 1, 9298], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9299], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 9300], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9301], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9302], [972, "facilitate", "facilitate", "VB", 1, 9303], [0, "below-ground", "below-ground", "IN", 0, 9304], [1494, "transfer", "transfer", "NN", 1, 9305], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9306], [282, "C", "c", "NNP", 1, 9307], [0, "among", "among", "IN", 0, 9308], [826, "Betula", "betula", "NNP", 1, 9309], [827, "nana", "nana", "JJ", 1, 9310], [569, "individuals", "individual", "NNS", 1, 9311], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9312], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 9313], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 9314], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 9315], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 9316], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 9317], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9318], [131, "other", "other", "JJ", 1, 9319], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 9320], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 9321], [307, "examined", "examine", "VBN", 1, 9322], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9323]], "id": "0", "sha1": "cda0eec3d8b1231162a83928bf0acc86bef5028f"}
{"graf": [[482, "Total", "total", "JJ", 1, 9324], [282, "C", "c", "NNP", 1, 9325], [1494, "transfer", "transfer", "NN", 1, 9326], [0, "among", "among", "IN", 0, 9327], [1505, "conspecific", "conspecific", "JJ", 1, 9328], [839, "B.", "b.", "NNP", 1, 9329], [827, "nana", "nana", "NN", 1, 9330], [333, "pairs", "pair", "NNS", 1, 9331], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 9332], [0, "10.7\u00b12.4%", "10.7\u00b12.4%", "CD", 0, 9333], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9334], [1137, "photosynthesis", "photosynthesis", "NN", 1, 9335], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9336], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 9337], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9338], [1506, "majority", "majority", "NN", 1, 9339], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9340], [282, "C", "c", "NNP", 1, 9341], [1494, "transferred", "transfer", "VBD", 1, 9342], [0, "through", "through", "IN", 0, 9343], [1507, "rhizomes", "rhizome", "NNS", 1, 9344], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 9345], [1091, "root", "root", "NN", 1, 9346], [1508, "grafts", "graft", "NNS", 1, 9347], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 9348], [0, "5.2\u00b15.3%", "5.2\u00b15.3%", "CD", 0, 9349], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 9350], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9351], [1497, "mycorrhizal", "mycorrhizal", "JJ", 1, 9352], [1500, "network", "network", "NN", 1, 9353], [1503, "pathways", "pathway", "NNS", 1, 9354], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 9355], [0, "4.1\u00b13.3%", "4.1\u00b13.3%", "CD", 0, 9356], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 9357], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9358], [0, "very", "very", "RB", 0, 9359], [626, "little", "little", "JJ", 1, 9360], [0, "through", "through", "IN", 0, 9361], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 9362], [1503, "pathways", "pathway", "NNS", 1, 9363], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 9364], [0, "1.4\u00b10.35%", "1.4\u00b10.35%", "CD", 0, 9365], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 9366], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9367]], "id": "0", "sha1": "650a132d35c08154cfe31f1427cc40dcf4ba496b"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u2022", "\u2022", ".", 0, 9368], [0, "Below-ground", "below-ground", "RB", 0, 9369], [282, "C", "c", "NN", 1, 9370], [1494, "transfer", "transfer", "NN", 1, 9371], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 9372], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9373], [1509, "sufficient", "sufficient", "JJ", 1, 9374], [1510, "magnitude", "magnitude", "NN", 1, 9375], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 9376], [0, "potentially", "potentially", "RB", 0, 9377], [371, "alter", "alter", "VB", 1, 9378], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 9379], [128, "interactions", "interaction", "NNS", 1, 9380], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9381], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 9382], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 9383], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9384], [139, "increasing", "increase", "VBG", 1, 9385], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9386], [127, "competitive", "competitive", "JJ", 1, 9387], [728, "ability", "ability", "NN", 1, 9388], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9389], [1511, "mono-dominance", "mono-dominance", "NN", 1, 9390], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9391], [839, "B.", "b.", "NNP", 1, 9392], [827, "nana", "nana", "NN", 1, 9393], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9394]], "id": "0", "sha1": "fb9eed9806b84eae69a41c4d14ff6fcfd32c31a1"}
{"graf": [[282, "C", "c", "NN", 1, 9395], [1494, "transfer", "transfer", "NN", 1, 9396], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 9397], [0, "significantly", "significantly", "RB", 0, 9398], [0, "positively", "positively", "RB", 0, 9399], [718, "related", "relate", "VBN", 1, 9400], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 9401], [621, "ambient", "ambient", "NN", 1, 9402], [242, "temperatures", "temperature", "NNS", 1, 9403], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9404], [367, "suggesting", "suggest", "VBG", 1, 9405], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 9406], [0, "it", "it", "PRP", 0, 9407], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 9408], [1512, "act", "act", "VB", 1, 9409], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 9410], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 9411], [572, "positive", "positive", "JJ", 1, 9412], [536, "feedback", "feedback", "NN", 1, 9413], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 9414], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 9415], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 9416], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 9417], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 9418], [248, "warms", "warm", "NNS", 1, 9419], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9420]], "id": "0", "sha1": "bcf46c0dba03df4e05c649f862472c7330f64590"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 9421], [0, "2011", "2011", "CD", 0, 9422], [0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 9423], [1380, "Authors", "authors", "NNPS", 1, 9424], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9425]], "id": "0", "sha1": "1c0ced1da441fb6007a963dc72a745118f1db91c"}
{"graf": [[289, "New", "new", "JJ", 1, 9426], [1413, "Phytologist", "phytologist", "NNP", 1, 9427], [0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 9428], [0, "2011", "2011", "CD", 0, 9429], [289, "New", "new", "NNP", 1, 9430], [1413, "Phytologist", "phytologist", "NNP", 1, 9431], [1414, "Trust", "trust", "NNP", 1, 9432], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 9433], [1513, "Islands", "islands", "NNP", 1, 9434], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9435], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9436], [412, "ice", "ice", "NN", 1, 9437], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 9438]], "id": "0", "sha1": "56231aa21ff37bfb5a2d35456fbe4fbfdf16dc36"}
{"graf": [[0, "Detecting", "detecting", "IN", 0, 9439], [331, "past", "past", "JJ", 1, 9440], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 9441], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 9442], [1401, "Greenlandic", "greenlandic", "NNP", 1, 9443], [1514, "nunataks", "nunatak", "NNS", 1, 9444], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 9445], [395, "historical", "historical", "JJ", 1, 9446], [401, "records", "record", "NNS", 1, 9447], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9448], [1427, "sedimentary", "sedimentary", "JJ", 1, 9449], [1515, "ancient", "ancient", "JJ", 1, 9450], [1335, "DNA", "dna", "NNP", 1, 9451], [1516, "Meta-barcoding", "meta-barcoding", "NNP", 1, 9452], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9453]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e00c3f9d81a91d7d6a6f9917ea6120e4bf0eaf13"}
{"graf": [[1514, "Nunataks", "nunatak", "NNS", 1, 9454], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 9455], [1517, "isolated", "isolate", "VBN", 1, 9456], [1518, "bedrocks", "bedrock", "NNS", 1, 9457], [1519, "protruding", "protrude", "VBG", 1, 9458], [0, "through", "through", "IN", 0, 9459], [412, "ice", "ice", "NN", 1, 9460], [1520, "sheets", "sheet", "NNS", 1, 9461], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9462]], "id": "0", "sha1": "7e75d4e39c57907caf199988787c05d871a14b70"}
{"graf": [[0, "They", "they", "PRP", 0, 9463], [1095, "vary", "vary", "VBP", 1, 9464], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9465], [1521, "age", "age", "NN", 1, 9466], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9467], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 9468], [1086, "represent", "represent", "VBP", 1, 9469], [1522, "island", "island", "NN", 1, 9470], [724, "environments", "environment", "NNS", 1, 9471], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9472], [0, "'", "'", ".", 0, 9473], [415, "oceans", "ocean", "NNS", 1, 9474], [0, "'", "'", ".", 0, 9475], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9476], [412, "ice", "ice", "NN", 1, 9477], [0, "through", "through", "IN", 0, 9478], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 9479], [1523, "organism", "organism", "NN", 1, 9480], [674, "dispersals", "dispersal", "NNS", 1, 9481], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9482], [1524, "replacements", "replacement", "NNS", 1, 9483], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 9484], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 9485], [39, "studied", "study", "VBN", 1, 9486], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 9487], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 9488], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9489]], "id": "0", "sha1": "5d29535dc74429a428ee9994c95c50abe9bf6827"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 9490], [1525, "J.A.D.", "j.a.d.", "NNP", 1, 9491], [1526, "Jensen", "jensen", "NNP", 1, 9492], [0, "'s", "'s", "POS", 0, 9493], [1527, "Nunataks", "nunataks", "NNP", 1, 9494], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 9495], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9496], [188, "southern", "southern", "JJ", 1, 9497], [1370, "Greenland", "greenland", "NNP", 1, 9498], [412, "ice", "ice", "NN", 1, 9499], [1520, "sheet", "sheet", "NN", 1, 9500], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 9501], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9502], [0, "most", "most", "RBS", 0, 9503], [1528, "isolated", "isolated", "JJ", 1, 9504], [1514, "nunataks", "nunatak", "NNS", 1, 9505], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 9506], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9507], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 9508], [1529, "hemisphere-some", "hemisphere-some", "NN", 1, 9509], [0, "30", "30", "CD", 0, 9510], [340, "km", "km", "NN", 1, 9511], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 9512], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9513], [1530, "nearest", "nearest", "JJS", 1, 9514], [574, "biological", "biological", "JJ", 1, 9515], [1410, "source", "source", "NN", 1, 9516], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9517]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d3042bbc7500e0347ee68f2062eea87d8b6fd4ee"}
{"graf": [[0, "They", "they", "PRP", 0, 9518], [1071, "constitute", "constitute", "VBP", 1, 9519], [0, "around", "around", "RB", 0, 9520], [0, "2", "2", "CD", 0, 9521], [340, "km", "km", "NNS", 1, 9522], [0, "2", "2", "CD", 0, 9523], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9524], [1531, "ice-free", "ice-free", "NN", 1, 9525], [892, "land", "land", "NN", 1, 9526], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 9527], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 9528], [1532, "established", "establish", "VBN", 1, 9529], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9530], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9531], [806, "early", "early", "JJ", 1, 9532], [680, "Holocene", "holocene", "NNP", 1, 9533], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9534]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0eee1661b1d945893913d9a73164a6d741e69a36"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 9535], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 9536], [562, "investigated", "investigate", "VBN", 1, 9537], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9538], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 9539], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9540], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 9541], [123, "composition", "composition", "NN", 1, 9542], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 9543], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 9544], [1514, "nunataks", "nunatak", "NNS", 1, 9545], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 9546], [0, "both", "both", "CC", 0, 9547], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9548], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 9549], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9550], [754, "surveys", "survey", "NNS", 1, 9551], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9552], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9553], [638, "flora", "flora", "NN", 1, 9554], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 9555], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9556], [803, "last", "last", "JJ", 1, 9557], [0, "130", "130", "CD", 0, 9558], [332, "years", "year", "NNS", 1, 9559], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9560], [0, "through", "through", "IN", 0, 9561], [403, "reconstruction", "reconstruction", "NN", 1, 9562], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9563], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9564], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 9565], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 9566], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9567], [700, "end", "end", "NN", 1, 9568], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9569], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9570], [680, "Holocene", "holocene", "NNP", 1, 9571], [1533, "Thermal", "thermal", "NNP", 1, 9572], [758, "Maximum", "maximum", "NNP", 1, 9573], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 9574], [0, "5528", "5528", "CD", 0, 9575], [0, "\u00b1", "\u00b1", ".", 0, 9576], [0, "75", "75", "CD", 0, 9577], [1165, "cal", "cal", "JJ", 1, 9578], [332, "year", "year", "NN", 1, 9579], [1167, "BP", "bp", "NNP", 1, 9580], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 9581], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 9582], [1516, "meta-barcoding", "meta-barcoding", "NN", 1, 9583], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9584], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 9585], [1335, "DNA", "dna", "NNP", 1, 9586], [1534, "recovered", "recover", "VBD", 1, 9587], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 9588], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9589], [1514, "nunatak", "nunatak", "NN", 1, 9590], [1097, "sediments", "sediment", "NNS", 1, 9591], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 9592], [1535, "sedaDNA", "sedadna", "NNP", 1, 9593], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 9594], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9595]], "id": "0", "sha1": "fcd476247cd34ee75d6fe621cdb8393b49756edc"}
{"graf": [[0, "Our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 9596], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 9597], [68, "show", "show", "VBP", 1, 9598], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 9599], [22, "several", "several", "JJ", 1, 9600], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9601], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9602], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 9603], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 9604], [64, "detected", "detect", "VBN", 1, 9605], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 9606], [1535, "sedaDNA", "sedadna", "NNP", 1, 9607], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 9608], [604, "described", "describe", "VBN", 1, 9609], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 9610], [1373, "earlier", "earlier", "JJR", 1, 9611], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 9612], [754, "surveys", "survey", "NNS", 1, 9613], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 9614], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9615], [1514, "nunataks", "nunatak", "NNS", 1, 9616], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 9617], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9618], [0, "1878", "1878", "CD", 0, 9619], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9620], [0, "1967", "1967", "CD", 0, 9621], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9622], [0, "2009", "2009", "CD", 0, 9623], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 9624], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9625]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8e64652cc84fac599565872ef36ce8ba02cc13a2"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 9626], [0, "1967", "1967", "CD", 0, 9627], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9628], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 9629], [0, "much", "much", "RB", 0, 9630], [594, "higher", "higher", "JJR", 1, 9631], [259, "biodiversity", "biodiversity", "NN", 1, 9632], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 9633], [64, "detected", "detect", "VBN", 1, 9634], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 9635], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 9636], [0, "any", "any", "DT", 0, 9637], [131, "other", "other", "JJ", 1, 9638], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9639], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9640], [39, "studied", "study", "VBN", 1, 9641], [434, "periods", "period", "NNS", 1, 9642], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9643]], "id": "0", "sha1": "22f18a17784f1f01f47f89f09d7325549d6f65b6"}
{"graf": [[0, "While", "while", "IN", 0, 9644], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 9645], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 9646], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 9647], [718, "related", "relate", "VBN", 1, 9648], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 9649], [356, "differences", "difference", "NNS", 1, 9650], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9651], [1184, "sampling", "sample", "VBG", 1, 9652], [1536, "efforts", "effort", "NNS", 1, 9653], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 9654], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9655], [1537, "oldest", "oldest", "JJS", 1, 9656], [434, "period", "period", "NN", 1, 9657], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9658], [0, "it", "it", "PRP", 0, 9659], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 9660], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 9661], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9662], [1538, "case", "case", "NN", 1, 9663], [0, "when", "when", "WRB", 0, 9664], [843, "comparing", "compare", "VBG", 1, 9665], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9666], [0, "1967", "1967", "CD", 0, 9667], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9668], [0, "2009", "2009", "CD", 0, 9669], [598, "levels", "level", "NNS", 1, 9670], [0, "where", "where", "WRB", 0, 9671], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9672], [1539, "botanical", "botanical", "JJ", 1, 9673], [754, "survey", "survey", "NN", 1, 9674], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 9675], [1540, "exhaustive", "exhaustive", "JJ", 1, 9676], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9677]], "id": "0", "sha1": "448f0da2caa97179a980383ff4ccd669b48fe568"}
{"graf": [[0, "As", "as", "IN", 0, 9678], [0, "no", "no", "DT", 0, 9679], [903, "animals", "animal", "NNS", 1, 9680], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9681], [377, "humans", "human", "NNS", 1, 9682], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 9683], [338, "found", "find", "VBN", 1, 9684], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 9685], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9686], [1514, "nunataks", "nunatak", "NNS", 1, 9687], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9688], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 9689], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 9690], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9691], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 9692], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 9693], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 9694], [434, "period", "period", "NN", 1, 9695], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9696], [0, "just", "just", "RB", 0, 9697], [0, "42", "42", "CD", 0, 9698], [332, "years", "year", "NNS", 1, 9699], [0, "must", "must", "MD", 0, 9700], [718, "relate", "relate", "VB", 1, 9701], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 9702], [220, "environmental", "environmental", "JJ", 1, 9703], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 9704], [0, "probably", "probably", "RB", 0, 9705], [9, "being", "be", "VBG", 1, 9706], [1541, "climate-driven", "climate-drive", "NN", 1, 9707], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9708]], "id": "0", "sha1": "961c7673af2d822d269fb7da538e87a284dec3d2"}
{"graf": [[0, "This", "this", "DT", 0, 9709], [367, "suggests", "suggest", "VBZ", 1, 9710], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 9711], [0, "even", "even", "RB", 0, 9712], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9713], [638, "flora", "flora", "NNS", 1, 9714], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9715], [0, "fairly", "fairly", "RB", 0, 9716], [610, "small", "small", "JJ", 1, 9717], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9718], [1528, "isolated", "isolated", "JJ", 1, 9719], [1531, "ice-free", "ice-free", "NN", 1, 9720], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 9721], [1542, "reacts", "react", "VBZ", 1, 9722], [0, "quickly", "quickly", "RB", 0, 9723], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 9724], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 9725], [121, "changing", "change", "VBG", 1, 9726], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 9727], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9728]], "id": "0", "sha1": "707d4e3d494c3e7fe90cea4094e594d54fc27753"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 9729], [0, "2011", "2011", "CD", 0, 9730], [378, "Blackwell", "blackwell", "NNP", 1, 9731], [379, "Publishing", "publishing", "NNP", 1, 9732], [380, "Ltd", "ltd", "NNP", 1, 9733], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 9734], [545, "Permafrost", "permafrost", "NNP", 1, 9735], [1543, "collapse", "collapse", "NN", 1, 9736], [0, "after", "after", "IN", 0, 9737], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 9738], [841, "removal", "removal", "NN", 1, 9739], [1168, "shifts", "shift", "NNS", 1, 9740], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 9741], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 9742], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 9743], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 9744], [1544, "methane", "methane", "NN", 1, 9745], [1410, "source", "source", "NN", 1, 9746], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9747]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b614c4fd080fa0394924dc6bc849ce7c83ac865e"}
{"graf": [[101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 9748], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 9749], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 9750], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 9751], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 9752], [0, "almost", "almost", "RB", 0, 9753], [0, "twice", "twice", "RB", 0, 9754], [0, "as", "as", "RB", 0, 9755], [1545, "fast", "fast", "JJ", 1, 9756], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 9757], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9758], [69, "global", "global", "JJ", 1, 9759], [842, "average", "average", "JJ", 1, 9760], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9761], [545, "Permafrost", "permafrost", "JJ", 1, 9762], [546, "thaw", "thaw", "NN", 1, 9763], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9764], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9765], [55, "resulting", "result", "VBG", 1, 9766], [1072, "release", "release", "NN", 1, 9767], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9768], [1546, "greenhouse", "greenhouse", "NN", 1, 9769], [135, "gases", "gas", "NNS", 1, 9770], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 9771], [1080, "decomposing", "decompose", "VBG", 1, 9772], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 9773], [297, "organic", "organic", "JJ", 1, 9774], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 9775], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 9776], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9777], [313, "potential", "potential", "JJ", 1, 9778], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 9779], [609, "accelerate", "accelerate", "VB", 1, 9780], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 9781], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 9782], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9783]], "id": "0", "sha1": "902d85e6e66a0da40943aa9b2fc3b16a9caa0ee9"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 9784], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 9785], [195, "decades", "decade", "NNS", 1, 9786], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9787], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 9788], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 9789], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 9790], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 9791], [121, "changed", "change", "VBN", 1, 9792], [0, "rapidly", "rapidly", "RB", 0, 9793], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9794], [38, "including", "include", "VBG", 1, 9795], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 9796], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9797], [1375, "woody", "woody", "NN", 1, 9798], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 9799], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9800], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9801], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 9802], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 9803], [121, "changing", "change", "VBG", 1, 9804], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 9805], [36, "conditions", "condition", "NNS", 1, 9806], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9807]], "id": "0", "sha1": "3f8b40c922c2fc0eab1911e46afc59a15a96e822"}
{"graf": [[0, "How", "how", "WRB", 0, 9808], [132, "such", "such", "JJ", 1, 9809], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 9810], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 9811], [552, "contribute", "contribute", "VBP", 1, 9812], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 9813], [1547, "stabilization", "stabilization", "NN", 1, 9814], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 9815], [1548, "destabilization", "destabilization", "NN", 1, 9816], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9817], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9818], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "NN", 1, 9819], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 9820], [1499, "unknown", "unknown", "JJ", 1, 9821], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9822]], "id": "0", "sha1": "9369d81a7a59c237ccf1c38de70e75da47bc4ffe"}
{"graf": [[0, "Here", "here", "RB", 0, 9823], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 9824], [913, "present", "present", "JJ", 1, 9825], [0, "six", "six", "CD", 0, 9826], [332, "years", "year", "NNS", 1, 9827], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9828], [92, "field", "field", "NN", 1, 9829], [216, "observations", "observation", "NNS", 1, 9830], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9831], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 9832], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 9833], [841, "removal", "removal", "NN", 1, 9834], [93, "experiment", "experiment", "NN", 1, 9835], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 9836], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 9837], [820, "Siberian", "siberian", "JJ", 1, 9838], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 9839], [618, "site", "site", "NN", 1, 9840], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9841]], "id": "0", "sha1": "09764b385bafa24f3d89530c369cfa927251c0c0"}
{"graf": [[840, "Removing", "remove", "VBG", 1, 9842], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9843], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 9844], [87, "part", "part", "NN", 1, 9845], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9846], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9847], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 9848], [1549, "initiated", "initiate", "VBD", 1, 9849], [546, "thawing", "thaw", "VBG", 1, 9850], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9851], [1246, "ice-rich", "ice-rich", "NN", 1, 9852], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "NN", 1, 9853], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9854], [55, "resulting", "result", "VBG", 1, 9855], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9856], [1543, "collapse", "collapse", "NN", 1, 9857], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9858], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9859], [0, "originally", "originally", "RB", 0, 9860], [967, "elevated", "elevate", "VBN", 1, 9861], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 9862], [1181, "patches", "patch", "VBZ", 1, 9863], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 9864], [1550, "waterlogged", "waterlogg", "VBN", 1, 9865], [1551, "depressions", "depression", "NNS", 1, 9866], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 9867], [0, "five", "five", "CD", 0, 9868], [332, "years", "year", "NNS", 1, 9869], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9870]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8bbce212b788243d442013b2f9724abb31666719"}
{"graf": [[0, "This", "this", "DT", 0, 9871], [546, "thaw", "thaw", "NN", 1, 9872], [1552, "pond", "pond", "NN", 1, 9873], [859, "development", "development", "NN", 1, 9874], [1168, "shifted", "shift", "VBD", 1, 9875], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9876], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 9877], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 9878], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 9879], [1544, "methane", "methane", "NN", 1, 9880], [1553, "sink", "sink", "NN", 1, 9881], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 9882], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 9883], [1544, "methane", "methane", "NN", 1, 9884], [1410, "source", "source", "NN", 1, 9885], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9886]], "id": "0", "sha1": "baf1ab3fc4f0e437ce424f0d89f33ea375c555cf"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 9887], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 9888], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9889], [0, "our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 9890], [92, "field", "field", "NN", 1, 9891], [93, "experiment", "experiment", "NN", 1, 9892], [950, "demonstrate", "demonstrate", "VB", 1, 9893], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9894], [182, "importance", "importance", "NN", 1, 9895], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9896], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9897], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 9898], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 9899], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 9900], [95, "protection", "protection", "NN", 1, 9901], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9902], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9903], [910, "massive", "massive", "JJ", 1, 9904], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 9905], [1554, "reservoirs", "reservoir", "NNS", 1, 9906], [961, "stored", "store", "VBN", 1, 9907], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9908], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9909], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "NN", 1, 9910], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9911], [1555, "illustrate", "illustrate", "VB", 1, 9912], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9913], [427, "strong", "strong", "JJ", 1, 9914], [1556, "vulnerability", "vulnerability", "NN", 1, 9915], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9916], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 9917], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 9918], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 9919], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 9920], [303, "perturbations", "perturbation", "NNS", 1, 9921], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9922]], "id": "0", "sha1": "6c331ea8891d274d3e1be351e543475f7ef1daa6"}
{"graf": [[0, "If", "if", "IN", 0, 9923], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "JJ", 1, 9924], [1557, "thawing", "thawing", "NN", 1, 9925], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 9926], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 9927], [0, "frequently", "frequently", "RB", 0, 9928], [849, "trigger", "trigger", "VB", 1, 9929], [132, "such", "such", "JJ", 1, 9930], [65, "local", "local", "JJ", 1, 9931], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "JJ", 1, 9932], [1543, "collapse", "collapse", "NN", 1, 9933], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9934], [1558, "methane-emitting", "methane-emit", "NN", 1, 9935], [1106, "wet", "wet", "JJ", 1, 9936], [1551, "depressions", "depression", "NNS", 1, 9937], [0, "could", "could", "MD", 0, 9938], [294, "become", "become", "VB", 1, 9939], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 9940], [502, "abundant", "abundant", "JJ", 1, 9941], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 9942], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9943], [1404, "lowland", "lowland", "NN", 1, 9944], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 9945], [477, "landscape", "landscape", "NN", 1, 9946], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9947], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 9948], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9949], [1559, "cost", "cost", "NN", 1, 9950], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9951], [1560, "permafrost-stabilizing", "permafrost-stabilizing", "JJ", 1, 9952], [203, "low", "low", "JJ", 1, 9953], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 9954], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 9955], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 9956]], "id": "0", "sha1": "1c4115db7fc7ece670955dcae414ce9581b2d616"}
{"graf": [[1561, "Delimitation", "delimitation", "NN", 1, 9957], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9958], [488, "zonal", "zonal", "NN", 1, 9959], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9960], [1562, "sectorial", "sectorial", "JJ", 1, 9961], [1068, "subdivision", "subdivision", "NN", 1, 9962], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 9963], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9964], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 9965], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 9966], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 9967], [1563, "Panarctic", "panarctic", "NNP", 1, 9968], [638, "Flora", "flora", "NNP", 1, 9969], [560, "Project", "project", "NNP", 1, 9970], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9971]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0a55bdcfbeef93d884d97e08674f3e02de4cdc39"}
{"graf": [[93, "Experiment", "experiment", "NNP", 1, 9972], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9973], [527, "monitoring", "monitoring", "NN", 1, 9974], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 9975], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 9976], [733, "gradient", "gradient", "NN", 1, 9977], [452, "methods", "method", "NNS", 1, 9978], [4, "used", "use", "VBN", 1, 9979], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 9980], [1564, "infer", "infer", "VB", 1, 9981], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 9982], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 9983], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 9984], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 9985], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 9986], [209, "communities", "community", "NNS", 1, 9987], [1565, "yield", "yield", "VBP", 1, 9988], [359, "consistent", "consistent", "JJ", 1, 9989], [60, "patterns", "pattern", "NNS", 1, 9990], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 9991]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b6b5f57e2843e6a2b98764045f0d1a4f0751a816"}
{"graf": [[1566, "Inference", "inference", "NNP", 1, 9992], [0, "about", "about", "IN", 0, 9993], [112, "future", "future", "JJ", 1, 9994], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 9995], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 9996], [381, "impacts", "impact", "NNS", 1, 9997], [0, "typically", "typically", "RB", 0, 9998], [1150, "relies", "rely", "VBZ", 1, 9999], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 10000], [0, "one", "one", "CD", 0, 10001], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10002], [0, "three", "three", "CD", 0, 10003], [454, "approaches", "approach", "NNS", 1, 10004], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 10005], [1567, "manipulative", "manipulative", "JJ", 1, 10006], [93, "experiments", "experiment", "NNS", 1, 10007], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10008], [395, "historical", "historical", "JJ", 1, 10009], [30, "comparisons", "comparison", "NNS", 1, 10010], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 10011], [0, "broadly", "broadly", "RB", 0, 10012], [712, "defined", "define", "VBN", 1, 10013], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 10014], [38, "include", "include", "VB", 1, 10015], [1568, "monitoring", "monitor", "VBG", 1, 10016], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10017], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 10018], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 10019], [621, "ambient", "ambient", "NN", 1, 10020], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 10021], [1569, "fluctuations", "fluctuation", "NNS", 1, 10022], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 10023], [329, "repeat", "repeat", "NN", 1, 10024], [1387, "sampling", "sampling", "NN", 1, 10025], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10026], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 10027], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10028], [1570, "dendroecology", "dendroecology", "NN", 1, 10029], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10030], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10031], [1571, "paleoecology", "paleoecology", "NN", 1, 10032], [231, "techniques", "technique", "NNS", 1, 10033], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 10034], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10035], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10036], [1572, "space-for-time", "space-for-time", "NN", 1, 10037], [1573, "substitutions", "substitution", "NNS", 1, 10038], [17, "derived", "derive", "VBN", 1, 10039], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 10040], [1387, "sampling", "sampling", "NN", 1, 10041], [0, "along", "along", "IN", 0, 10042], [220, "environmental", "environmental", "JJ", 1, 10043], [733, "gradients", "gradient", "NNS", 1, 10044], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10045]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0e2c6e102c1dc3c217d05e5a0a2fbd476c08ad5d"}
{"graf": [[313, "Potential", "potential", "JJ", 1, 10046], [274, "limitations", "limitation", "NNS", 1, 10047], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10048], [0, "all", "all", "DT", 0, 10049], [0, "three", "three", "CD", 0, 10050], [454, "approaches", "approach", "NNS", 1, 10051], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 10052], [83, "recognized", "recognize", "VBN", 1, 10053], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10054]], "id": "0", "sha1": "bb2e368c123dc91ecd65a03f878e8d30e87f1a43"}
{"graf": [[0, "Here", "here", "RB", 0, 10055], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 10056], [617, "address", "addres", "VBP", 1, 10057], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10058], [1574, "congruence", "congruence", "NN", 1, 10059], [0, "among", "among", "IN", 0, 10060], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 10061], [0, "three", "three", "CD", 0, 10062], [98, "main", "main", "JJ", 1, 10063], [454, "approaches", "approach", "NNS", 1, 10064], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 10065], [843, "comparing", "compare", "VBG", 1, 10066], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10067], [576, "degree", "degree", "NN", 1, 10068], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 10069], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 10070], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 10071], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 10072], [209, "community", "community", "NN", 1, 10073], [123, "composition", "composition", "NN", 1, 10074], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 10075], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 10076], [0, "i", "i", "LS", 0, 10077], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 10078], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10079], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 10080], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 10081], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10082], [608, "situ", "situ", "NN", 1, 10083], [211, "experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 10084], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 10085], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10086], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 10087], [0, "ii", "ii", "LS", 0, 10088], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 10089], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 10090], [1125, "interannual", "interannual", "JJ", 1, 10091], [388, "variability", "variability", "NN", 1, 10092], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10093], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 10094], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 10095], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 10096], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 10097], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10098], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10099], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 10100], [1575, "iii", "iii", "NN", 1, 10101], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 10102], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 10103], [2, "spatial", "spatial", "JJ", 1, 10104], [733, "gradients", "gradient", "NNS", 1, 10105], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10106], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 10107], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 10108], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10109]], "id": "0", "sha1": "995b9598ac8920c4e1bbdfa5c8a78d2e57ff7121"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 10110], [778, "analyzed", "analyze", "VBD", 1, 10111], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 10112], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10113], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 10114], [209, "community", "community", "NN", 1, 10115], [123, "composition", "composition", "NN", 1, 10116], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 10117], [329, "repeat", "repeat", "NN", 1, 10118], [1387, "sampling", "sampling", "NN", 1, 10119], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 10120], [0, "85", "85", "CD", 0, 10121], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 10122], [209, "communities", "community", "NNS", 1, 10123], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10124], [0, "28", "28", "CD", 0, 10125], [183, "regions", "region", "NNS", 1, 10126], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 10127], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10128], [211, "experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 10129], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 10130], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 10131], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 10132], [0, "28", "28", "CD", 0, 10133], [93, "experiments", "experiment", "NNS", 1, 10134], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10135], [0, "14", "14", "CD", 0, 10136], [183, "regions", "region", "NNS", 1, 10137], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 10138], [0, "throughout", "throughout", "IN", 0, 10139], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 10140], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10141], [531, "alpine", "alpine", "JJ", 1, 10142], [45, "North", "north", "NNP", 1, 10143], [89, "America", "america", "NNP", 1, 10144], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10145], [88, "Europe", "europe", "NNP", 1, 10146], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10147]], "id": "0", "sha1": "63443e259c74a650a7b88c64c65ac58e607a237a"}
{"graf": [[139, "Increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 10148], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10149], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10150], [570, "relative", "relative", "JJ", 1, 10151], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 10152], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10153], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 10154], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 10155], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 10156], [1576, "warmer", "warmer", "JJR", 1, 10157], [1533, "thermal", "thermal", "JJ", 1, 10158], [1577, "niche", "niche", "NN", 1, 10159], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 10160], [244, "observed", "observe", "VBN", 1, 10161], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10162], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 10163], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 10164], [1576, "warmer", "warmer", "JJR", 1, 10165], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 10166], [242, "temperatures", "temperature", "NNS", 1, 10167], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 10168], [0, "all", "all", "DT", 0, 10169], [0, "three", "three", "CD", 0, 10170], [452, "methods", "method", "NNS", 1, 10171], [0, ";", ";", ".", 0, 10172], [0, "however", "however", "RB", 0, 10173], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10174], [76, "effect", "effect", "NN", 1, 10175], [625, "sizes", "size", "NNS", 1, 10176], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 10177], [595, "greater", "greater", "JJR", 1, 10178], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 10179], [1578, "broadscale", "broadscale", "NN", 1, 10180], [2, "spatial", "spatial", "JJ", 1, 10181], [733, "gradients", "gradient", "NNS", 1, 10182], [570, "relative", "relative", "JJ", 1, 10183], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 10184], [0, "either", "either", "DT", 0, 10185], [409, "temporal", "temporal", "JJ", 1, 10186], [388, "variability", "variability", "NN", 1, 10187], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10188], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 10189], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 10190], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 10191], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 10192], [618, "site", "site", "NN", 1, 10193], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 10194], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 10195], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 10196], [139, "increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 10197], [1579, "induced", "induce", "VBN", 1, 10198], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 10199], [211, "experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 10200], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 10201], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10202]], "id": "0", "sha1": "4c2bcb2daa2e93f7ea57e142afce683c0323c610"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 10203], [76, "effect", "effect", "NN", 1, 10204], [625, "sizes", "size", "NNS", 1, 10205], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 10206], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 10207], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 10208], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 10209], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 10210], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 10211], [618, "site", "site", "NN", 1, 10212], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10213], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 10214], [211, "experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 10215], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 10216], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 10217], [0, "nearly", "nearly", "RB", 0, 10218], [1580, "identical", "identical", "JJ", 1, 10219], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10220]], "id": "0", "sha1": "11ecda7764806c25830ca46592822c50284d2ca3"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 10221], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 10222], [657, "support", "support", "VBP", 1, 10223], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10224], [1221, "view", "view", "NN", 1, 10225], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 10226], [1566, "inferences", "inference", "NNS", 1, 10227], [226, "based", "base", "VBN", 1, 10228], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 10229], [1572, "space-for-time", "space-for-time", "NN", 1, 10230], [1573, "substitution", "substitution", "NN", 1, 10231], [1581, "overestimate", "overestimate", "NN", 1, 10232], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10233], [1510, "magnitude", "magnitude", "NN", 1, 10234], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10235], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 10236], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 10237], [663, "contemporary", "contemporary", "JJ", 1, 10238], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 10239], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 10240], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10241], [0, "because", "because", "IN", 0, 10242], [2, "spatial", "spatial", "JJ", 1, 10243], [733, "gradients", "gradient", "NNS", 1, 10244], [1054, "reflect", "reflect", "VBP", 1, 10245], [137, "long-term", "long-term", "JJ", 1, 10246], [267, "processes", "process", "NNS", 1, 10247], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10248]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ca4f790bf61b0d06eaffd8eab13a976ce69f05a7"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 10249], [661, "contrast", "contrast", "NN", 1, 10250], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10251], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10252], [608, "situ", "situ", "NN", 1, 10253], [211, "experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 10254], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 10255], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10256], [1568, "monitoring", "monitor", "VBG", 1, 10257], [454, "approaches", "approach", "NNS", 1, 10258], [1565, "yield", "yield", "VBP", 1, 10259], [359, "consistent", "consistent", "JJ", 1, 10260], [113, "estimates", "estimate", "NNS", 1, 10261], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10262], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10263], [1510, "magnitude", "magnitude", "NN", 1, 10264], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10265], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 10266], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10267], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 10268], [209, "communities", "community", "NNS", 1, 10269], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 10270], [218, "climate", "climate", "VB", 1, 10271], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 10272], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 10273], [346, "Birch", "birch", "NNP", 1, 10274], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 10275], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 10276], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10277], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10278], [203, "low", "low", "JJ", 1, 10279], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 10280], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 10281], [1582, "Therelative", "therelative", "JJ", 1, 10282], [182, "importance", "importance", "NN", 1, 10283], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10284], [211, "experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 10285], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 10286], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10287], [1158, "enhanced", "enhance", "VBN", 1, 10288], [559, "nutrient", "nutrient", "JJ", 1, 10289], [142, "availability", "availability", "NN", 1, 10290], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10291], [424, "snow", "snow", "NN", 1, 10292], [831, "depth", "depth", "NN", 1, 10293], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10294], [1583, "caribou", "caribou", "JJ", 1, 10295], [1584, "exclusion", "exclusion", "NN", 1, 10296], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10297]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0d63a8cda58a35eaa983593b3ef44483a4297af8"}
{"graf": [[251, "Deciduous", "deciduous", "JJ", 1, 10298], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 10299], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 10300], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 10301], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 10302], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 10303], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10304], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 10305], [0, "simultaneously", "simultaneously", "RB", 0, 10306], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 10307], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 10308], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 10309], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 10310], [387, "trends", "trend", "NNS", 1, 10311], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10312]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ab7cb57f4525602d22f2644af05043a52874d99e"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 10313], [198, "reduction", "reduction", "NN", 1, 10314], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10315], [738, "albedo", "albedo", "NN", 1, 10316], [430, "associated", "associate", "VBN", 1, 10317], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 10318], [1585, "shrub-induced", "shrub-induce", "NN", 1, 10319], [776, "greening", "greening", "NN", 1, 10320], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10321], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10322], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 10323], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 10324], [243, "predicted", "predict", "VBN", 1, 10325], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 10326], [257, "cause", "cause", "VB", 1, 10327], [802, "significant", "significant", "JJ", 1, 10328], [572, "positive", "positive", "JJ", 1, 10329], [536, "feedbacks", "feedback", "NNS", 1, 10330], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 10331], [556, "regional", "regional", "JJ", 1, 10332], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 10333], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10334]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f1154e983fa0db64ce29d27ec112e3e55f992fe5"}
{"graf": [[932, "Enhanced", "enhanced", "JJ", 1, 10335], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 10336], [1586, "fertility", "fertility", "NN", 1, 10337], [1587, "arising", "arise", "VBG", 1, 10338], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 10339], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 10340], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 10341], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 10342], [327, "expected", "expect", "VBN", 1, 10343], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 10344], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 10345], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10346], [310, "primary", "primary", "JJ", 1, 10347], [108, "mechanism", "mechanism", "NN", 1, 10348], [126, "driving", "drive", "VBG", 1, 10349], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 10350], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 10351], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10352], [0, "yet", "yet", "CC", 0, 10353], [0, "our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 10354], [891, "overall", "overall", "JJ", 1, 10355], [386, "understanding", "understanding", "NN", 1, 10356], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10357], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10358], [570, "relative", "relative", "JJ", 1, 10359], [182, "importance", "importance", "NN", 1, 10360], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10361], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 10362], [0, "nitrogen(N", "nitrogen(n", "CD", 0, 10363], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 10364], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10365], [0, "phosphorus(P", "phosphorus(p", "LS", 0, 10366], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 10367], [142, "availability", "availability", "NN", 1, 10368], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10369], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10370], [1475, "significance", "significance", "NN", 1, 10371], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10372], [131, "other", "other", "JJ", 1, 10373], [205, "ecological", "ecological", "JJ", 1, 10374], [120, "drivers", "driver", "NNS", 1, 10375], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 10376], [308, "constrained", "constrain", "VBN", 1, 10377], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 10378], [93, "experiments", "experiment", "NNS", 1, 10379], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 10380], [1095, "varying", "vary", "VBG", 1, 10381], [239, "treatments", "treatment", "NNS", 1, 10382], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10383], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 10384], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10385], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10386], [225, "durations", "duration", "NNS", 1, 10387], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10388]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8aca8798bf279a87d9f7f717069c325e7218758c"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 10389], [562, "investigated", "investigate", "VBD", 1, 10390], [345, "dwarf", "dwarf", "NN", 1, 10391], [346, "birch", "birch", "NN", 1, 10392], [1588, "apical", "apical", "JJ", 1, 10393], [1191, "stem", "stem", "NN", 1, 10394], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 10395], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 10396], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 10397], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 10398], [260, "wide", "wide", "JJ", 1, 10399], [97, "range", "range", "NN", 1, 10400], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10401], [205, "ecological", "ecological", "JJ", 1, 10402], [1128, "factors", "factor", "NNS", 1, 10403], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 10404], [932, "enhanced", "enhanced", "JJ", 1, 10405], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 10406], [242, "temperatures", "temperature", "NNS", 1, 10407], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10408], [1589, "deepened", "deepen", "VBN", 1, 10409], [424, "snow", "snow", "NN", 1, 10410], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10411], [1583, "caribou", "caribou", "JJ", 1, 10412], [1584, "exclusion", "exclusion", "NN", 1, 10413], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10414], [1590, "factorial", "factorial", "JJ", 1, 10415], [180, "high", "high", "JJ", 1, 10416], [598, "level", "level", "NN", 1, 10417], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 10418], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10419], [1591, "phosphorus", "phosphorus", "NN", 1, 10420], [229, "additions", "addition", "NNS", 1, 10421], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10422], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10423], [203, "low", "low", "JJ", 1, 10424], [598, "level", "level", "NN", 1, 10425], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 10426], [229, "additions", "addition", "NNS", 1, 10427], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 10428], [0, "after", "after", "IN", 0, 10429], [0, "six", "six", "CD", 0, 10430], [332, "years", "year", "NNS", 1, 10431], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10432], [211, "experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 10433], [1592, "manipulations", "manipulation", "NNS", 1, 10434], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10435], [346, "birch", "birch", "NN", 1, 10436], [1593, "hummock", "hummock", "NN", 1, 10437], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 10438], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10439]], "id": "0", "sha1": "73e544f5f13813d4590b760bbde4ce8d875b806f"}
{"graf": [[0, "As", "as", "IN", 0, 10440], [327, "expected", "expect", "VBN", 1, 10441], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10442], [346, "birch", "birch", "NN", 1, 10443], [1588, "apical", "apical", "JJ", 1, 10444], [1191, "stem", "stem", "NN", 1, 10445], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 10446], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 10447], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 10448], [0, "strongly", "strongly", "RB", 0, 10449], [1158, "enhanced", "enhance", "VBN", 1, 10450], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 10451], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10452], [384, "substantial", "substantial", "JJ", 1, 10453], [139, "increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 10454], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10455], [559, "nutrient", "nutrient", "JJ", 1, 10456], [1418, "supply", "supply", "NN", 1, 10457], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 10458], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 10459], [0, "our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 10460], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 10461], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10462], [0, "any", "any", "DT", 0, 10463], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10464], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10465], [131, "other", "other", "JJ", 1, 10466], [205, "ecological", "ecological", "JJ", 1, 10467], [1128, "factors", "factor", "NNS", 1, 10468], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10469]], "id": "0", "sha1": "6806228a2e2ce71daee0c22395f9f1b49e52e154"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 10470], [1590, "factorial", "factorial", "JJ", 1, 10471], [229, "additions", "addition", "NNS", 1, 10472], [61, "revealed", "reveal", "VBD", 1, 10473], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 10474], [1594, "P", "p", "NN", 1, 10475], [142, "availability", "availability", "NN", 1, 10476], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 10477], [0, "at", "at", "RB", 0, 10478], [0, "least", "least", "RBS", 0, 10479], [0, "as", "as", "RB", 0, 10480], [192, "important", "important", "JJ", 1, 10481], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 10482], [0, "that", "that", "DT", 0, 10483], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10484], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 10485], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10486], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10487], [0, "our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 10488], [203, "low", "low", "JJ", 1, 10489], [82, "N", "n", "NN", 1, 10490], [229, "additions", "addition", "NNS", 1, 10491], [950, "demonstrated", "demonstrate", "VBD", 1, 10492], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 10493], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 10494], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 10495], [1595, "unresponsive", "unresponsive", "JJ", 1, 10496], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 10497], [1316, "moderate", "moderate", "JJ", 1, 10498], [139, "increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 10499], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10500], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 10501], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 10502], [0, "alone", "alone", "RB", 0, 10503], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10504]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8953a621d125df286d70f987aa6c145d7edda788"}
{"graf": [[211, "Experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 10505], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 10506], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBD", 1, 10507], [1588, "apical", "apical", "JJ", 1, 10508], [1191, "stem", "stem", "NN", 1, 10509], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 10510], [0, "2.5-fold-considerably", "2.5-fold-considerably", "CD", 0, 10511], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 10512], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 10513], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10514], [331, "past", "past", "JJ", 1, 10515], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 10516], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 10517], [0, "probably", "probably", "RB", 0, 10518], [1073, "due", "due", "JJ", 1, 10519], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 10520], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10521], [0, "relatively", "relatively", "RB", 0, 10522], [427, "strong", "strong", "JJ", 1, 10523], [76, "effect", "effect", "NN", 1, 10524], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10525], [0, "our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 10526], [1546, "greenhouses", "greenhouse", "NNS", 1, 10527], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 10528], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 10529], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 10530], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10531]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e63d2523e2efab5b125ae186a004593af4e90b6e"}
{"graf": [[0, "Together", "together", "RB", 0, 10532], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10533], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 10534], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 10535], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 10536], [192, "important", "important", "JJ", 1, 10537], [266, "implications", "implication", "NNS", 1, 10538], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 10539], [0, "our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 10540], [386, "understanding", "understanding", "NN", 1, 10541], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10542], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10543], [1084, "biogeochemical", "biogeochemical", "JJ", 1, 10544], [1596, "functioning", "functioning", "NN", 1, 10545], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10546], [1597, "mesic", "mesic", "JJ", 1, 10547], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 10548], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 10549], [0, "as", "as", "RB", 0, 10550], [0, "well", "well", "RB", 0, 10551], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 10552], [243, "predicting", "predict", "VBG", 1, 10553], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 10554], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 10555], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 10556], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 10557], [218, "climate", "climate", "VB", 1, 10558], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 10559], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10560]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d3cc4e1fef541b3205f01c3ce36603ba3a2ff9a6"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 10561], [0, "2012", "2012", "CD", 0, 10562], [573, "IOP", "iop", "NNP", 1, 10563], [379, "Publishing", "publishing", "NNP", 1, 10564], [380, "Ltd", "ltd", "NNP", 1, 10565], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 10566], [1598, "Calibrated", "calibrated", "NNP", 1, 10567], [1160, "pollen", "pollen", "NN", 1, 10568], [119, "accumulation", "accumulation", "NN", 1, 10569], [115, "rates", "rate", "NNS", 1, 10570], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 10571], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 10572], [1015, "basis", "basis", "NN", 1, 10573], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 10574], [889, "quantitative", "quantitative", "JJ", 1, 10575], [450, "tree", "tree", "NN", 1, 10576], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 10577], [403, "reconstructions", "reconstruction", "NNS", 1, 10578], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10579]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b9f509894a882efe6eb2bfe0b03f2294d22f267f"}
{"graf": [[215, "Recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 10580], [538, "investigations", "investigation", "NNS", 1, 10581], [68, "show", "show", "VBP", 1, 10582], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 10583], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10584], [1160, "pollen", "pollen", "NN", 1, 10585], [119, "accumulation", "accumulation", "NN", 1, 10586], [115, "rate", "rate", "NN", 1, 10587], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 10588], [1599, "PAR", "par", "NNP", 1, 10589], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 10590], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10591], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10592], [629, "common", "common", "JJ", 1, 10593], [450, "tree", "tree", "NN", 1, 10594], [705, "taxa", "taxa", "NN", 1, 10595], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 10596], [0, "directly", "directly", "RB", 0, 10597], [718, "related", "relate", "VBN", 1, 10598], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 10599], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10600], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 10601], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10602], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10603], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 10604], [1566, "inference", "inference", "NN", 1, 10605], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10606], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 10607], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10608], [666, "population", "population", "NN", 1, 10609], [625, "size", "size", "NN", 1, 10610], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10611], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10612], [705, "taxa", "taxa", "NN", 1, 10613], [0, "around", "around", "IN", 0, 10614], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10615], [39, "study", "study", "NN", 1, 10616], [618, "site", "site", "NN", 1, 10617], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10618]], "id": "0", "sha1": "7168906a3fe2d43070391b8c193f5a080fb9268d"}
{"graf": [[653, "Fossil", "fossil", "NNP", 1, 10619], [1599, "PAR", "par", "NNP", 1, 10620], [401, "records", "record", "NNS", 1, 10621], [1600, "preserved", "preserve", "VBN", 1, 10622], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10623], [478, "lakes", "lake", "NNS", 1, 10624], [263, "provide", "provide", "VBP", 1, 10625], [0, "therefore", "therefore", "RB", 0, 10626], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 10627], [313, "potential", "potential", "JJ", 1, 10628], [812, "proxy", "proxy", "NN", 1, 10629], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 10630], [889, "quantitative", "quantitative", "JJ", 1, 10631], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 10632], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10633], [666, "population", "population", "NN", 1, 10634], [403, "reconstructions", "reconstruction", "NNS", 1, 10635], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10636]], "id": "0", "sha1": "03ab1a226c1fe676b93557bc49236bc2ccda82b6"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 10637], [4, "use", "use", "VBP", 1, 10638], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10639], [1233, "high-resolution", "high-resolution", "JJ", 1, 10640], [1599, "PAR", "par", "NNP", 1, 10641], [401, "records", "record", "NNS", 1, 10642], [1601, "obtained", "obtain", "VBN", 1, 10643], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 10644], [0, "two", "two", "CD", 0, 10645], [0, "accurately", "accurately", "RB", 0, 10646], [634, "dated", "date", "VBN", 1, 10647], [478, "lake", "lake", "NN", 1, 10648], [1097, "sediment", "sediment", "NN", 1, 10649], [1602, "cores", "core", "NNS", 1, 10650], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10651], [1603, "Finland", "finland", "NNP", 1, 10652], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 10653], [1604, "generate", "generate", "VB", 1, 10654], [889, "quantitative", "quantitative", "JJ", 1, 10655], [680, "Holocene", "holocene", "NNP", 1, 10656], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 10657], [401, "records", "record", "NNS", 1, 10658], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 10659], [1249, "Pinus", "pinus", "NNP", 1, 10660], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10661], [1605, "Picea", "picea", "NNP", 1, 10662], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10663], [826, "Betula", "betula", "NNP", 1, 10664], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10665], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10666], [0, "most", "most", "RBS", 0, 10667], [629, "common", "common", "JJ", 1, 10668], [450, "tree", "tree", "NN", 1, 10669], [705, "taxa", "taxa", "NN", 1, 10670], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10671], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10672], [174, "European", "european", "JJ", 1, 10673], [102, "Boreal", "boreal", "NNP", 1, 10674], [105, "forest", "forest", "NN", 1, 10675], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10676]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8c84082ee2d68a64f6b19f2468a95440b70b9fec"}
{"graf": [[1599, "PAR", "par", "NNP", 1, 10677], [1111, "values", "value", "NNS", 1, 10678], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 10679], [1606, "calibrated", "calibrate", "VBN", 1, 10680], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 10681], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 10682], [1111, "values", "value", "NNS", 1, 10683], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 10684], [843, "comparing", "compare", "VBG", 1, 10685], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10686], [1151, "modern", "modern", "JJ", 1, 10687], [1599, "PAR", "par", "NNP", 1, 10688], [1111, "values", "value", "NNS", 1, 10689], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 10690], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10691], [1151, "modern", "modern", "JJ", 1, 10692], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 10693], [1111, "values", "value", "NNS", 1, 10694], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10695], [1607, "assuming", "assume", "VBG", 1, 10696], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 10697], [624, "linear", "linear", "NN", 1, 10698], [725, "relationship", "relationship", "NN", 1, 10699], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 10700], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10701], [331, "past", "past", "JJ", 1, 10702], [1599, "PAR", "par", "NNP", 1, 10703], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10704], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 10705], [1111, "values", "value", "NNS", 1, 10706], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10707]], "id": "0", "sha1": "24666cbf2a51384e6b6e705332e9f79ef37c0a4d"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 10708], [1601, "obtained", "obtain", "VBN", 1, 10709], [1599, "PAR", "par", "NNP", 1, 10710], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10711], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 10712], [1111, "values", "value", "NNS", 1, 10713], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10714], [387, "trends", "trend", "NNS", 1, 10715], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 10716], [0, "remarkably", "remarkably", "RB", 0, 10717], [1608, "coherent", "coherent", "JJ", 1, 10718], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 10719], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10720], [0, "two", "two", "CD", 0, 10721], [401, "records", "record", "NNS", 1, 10722], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10723]], "id": "0", "sha1": "60380fd20e971d7c377f9644feeea6af509a3903"}
{"graf": [[1249, "Pinus", "pinus", "NNP", 1, 10724], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 10725], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 10726], [1112, "stable", "stable", "JJ", 1, 10727], [680, "Holocene", "holocene", "NN", 1, 10728], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 10729], [625, "size", "size", "NN", 1, 10730], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10731], [0, "its", "its", "PRP$", 0, 10732], [1151, "modern", "modern", "JJ", 1, 10733], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 10734], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10735], [0, "about", "about", "RB", 0, 10736], [0, "20", "20", "CD", 0, 10737], [1609, "t", "t", "NN", 1, 10738], [0, "/", "/", ".", 0, 10739], [0, "ha", "ha", "UH", 0, 10740], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10741], [1610, "corresponds", "correspond", "VBZ", 1, 10742], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 10743], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10744], [838, "natural", "natural", "JJ", 1, 10745], [1249, "Pinus", "pinus", "NNP", 1, 10746], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 10747], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10748], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10749], [39, "study", "study", "NN", 1, 10750], [183, "regions", "region", "NNS", 1, 10751], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10752]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e136883b20a8479b7975fc04492ead915f983d04"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 10753], [661, "contrast", "contrast", "NN", 1, 10754], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10755], [1605, "Picea", "picea", "NNP", 1, 10756], [1611, "immigrated", "immigrate", "VBD", 1, 10757], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 10758], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10759], [664, "East", "east", "NNP", 1, 10760], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 10761], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10762], [1612, "mid", "mid", "JJ", 1, 10763], [680, "Holocene", "holocene", "NNP", 1, 10764], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10765], [155, "had", "have", "VBD", 1, 10766], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 10767], [758, "maximum", "maximum", "JJ", 1, 10768], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 10769], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10770], [1613, "50g\"60", "50g\"60", "NNP", 1, 10771], [1609, "t", "t", "NN", 1, 10772], [0, "/", "/", ".", 0, 10773], [0, "ha", "ha", "UH", 0, 10774], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10775], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 10776], [0, "3500g\"1000", "3500g\"1000", "CD", 0, 10777], [1165, "cal", "cal", "NN", 1, 10778], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10779]], "id": "0", "sha1": "df1ca8aed90580b2620a4f388cbac324f00752bd"}
{"graf": [[0, "yr", "yr", "UH", 0, 10780], [1167, "BP", "bp", "NNP", 1, 10781], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10782], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10783], [258, "declined", "decline", "VBD", 1, 10784], [0, "strongly", "strongly", "RB", 0, 10785], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 10786], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10787], [803, "last", "last", "JJ", 1, 10788], [0, "1500g\"1000", "1500g\"1000", "CD", 0, 10789], [332, "years", "year", "NNS", 1, 10790], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 10791], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 10792], [55, "result", "result", "NN", 1, 10793], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10794], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 10795], [377, "human", "human", "JJ", 1, 10796], [549, "activity", "activity", "NN", 1, 10797], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10798], [1022, "related", "related", "JJ", 1, 10799], [275, "rise", "rise", "NN", 1, 10800], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10801], [547, "fire", "fire", "NN", 1, 10802], [1614, "frequency", "frequency", "NN", 1, 10803], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10804]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c34c02931abf392039441ed4f9795e56a093f310"}
{"graf": [[0, "Thus", "thus", "RB", 0, 10805], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10806], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10807], [1151, "modern", "modern", "JJ", 1, 10808], [1605, "Picea", "picea", "NNP", 1, 10809], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 10810], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10811], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10812], [39, "study", "study", "NN", 1, 10813], [183, "regions", "region", "NNS", 1, 10814], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10815], [0, "about", "about", "IN", 0, 10816], [0, "22", "22", "CD", 0, 10817], [1609, "t", "t", "NN", 1, 10818], [0, "/", "/", ".", 0, 10819], [0, "ha", "ha", "UH", 0, 10820], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10821], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 10822], [0, "only", "only", "RB", 0, 10823], [0, "35g\"40%", "35g\"40%", "CD", 0, 10824], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10825], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10826], [838, "natural", "natural", "JJ", 1, 10827], [1605, "Picea", "picea", "NNP", 1, 10828], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 10829], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10830]], "id": "0", "sha1": "a75b135cb106a4a17a445ce402fe023e344b9ca0"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 10831], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 10832], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10833], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 10834], [1615, "pilot", "pilot", "NN", 1, 10835], [39, "study", "study", "NN", 1, 10836], [950, "demonstrate", "demonstrate", "VB", 1, 10837], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10838], [313, "potential", "potential", "NN", 1, 10839], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10840], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10841], [1606, "calibrated", "calibrate", "VBN", 1, 10842], [1599, "PAR", "par", "NNP", 1, 10843], [318, "data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 10844], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10845], [889, "quantitative", "quantitative", "JJ", 1, 10846], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 10847], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10848], [666, "population", "population", "NN", 1, 10849], [403, "reconstructions", "reconstruction", "NNS", 1, 10850], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10851]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d8cd2101e87720f78bf4fd9e3896a5239dddfb0f"}
{"graf": [[132, "Such", "such", "JJ", 1, 10852], [403, "reconstructions", "reconstruction", "NNS", 1, 10853], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 10854], [263, "provide", "provide", "VB", 1, 10855], [1616, "fresh", "fresh", "JJ", 1, 10856], [398, "insights", "insight", "NNS", 1, 10857], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 10858], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10859], [554, "structure", "structure", "NN", 1, 10860], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10861], [331, "past", "past", "JJ", 1, 10862], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 10863], [209, "communities", "community", "NNS", 1, 10864], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10865], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10866], [0, "when", "when", "WRB", 0, 10867], [365, "combined", "combine", "VBN", 1, 10868], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 10869], [401, "records", "record", "NNS", 1, 10870], [1054, "reflecting", "reflect", "VBG", 1, 10871], [1617, "palaeoclimates", "palaeoclimate", "NNS", 1, 10872], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10873], [838, "natural", "natural", "JJ", 1, 10874], [147, "disturbances", "disturbance", "NNS", 1, 10875], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10876], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10877], [377, "human", "human", "JJ", 1, 10878], [549, "activity", "activity", "NN", 1, 10879], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10880], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 10881], [173, "help", "help", "VB", 1, 10882], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 10883], [1618, "disentangle", "disentangle", "VB", 1, 10884], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10885], [137, "long-term", "long-term", "JJ", 1, 10886], [182, "importance", "importance", "NN", 1, 10887], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10888], [125, "different", "different", "JJ", 1, 10889], [1619, "enviromental", "enviromental", "JJ", 1, 10890], [120, "drivers", "driver", "NNS", 1, 10891], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 10892], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 10893], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10894], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 10895], [666, "populations", "population", "NNS", 1, 10896], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10897], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 10898], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 10899]], "id": "0", "sha1": "28ba5c116deb7bae648dc9f5bd80de77563e0ee3"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 10900], [76, "Effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 10901], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10902], [424, "Snow", "snow", "NNP", 1, 10903], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10904], [167, "Soil", "soil", "NNP", 1, 10905], [1620, "Microenvironment", "microenvironment", "NNP", 1, 10906], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10907], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10908], [167, "Soil", "soil", "NNP", 1, 10909], [297, "Organic", "organic", "NNP", 1, 10910], [298, "Matter", "matter", "NNP", 1, 10911], [736, "Quality", "quality", "NNP", 1, 10912], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 10913], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 10914], [142, "Availability", "availability", "NN", 1, 10915], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10916], [0, "Three", "three", "CD", 0, 10917], [366, "Alaskan", "alaskan", "JJ", 1, 10918], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 10919], [78, "Plant", "plant", "NNP", 1, 10920], [1621, "Communities", "communities", "NNPS", 1, 10921], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10922]], "id": "0", "sha1": "3c3712670456b0e9aa01a43de9aa57454059e147"}
{"graf": [[218, "Climate", "climate", "JJ", 1, 10923], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 10924], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10925], [0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 10926], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 10927], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 10928], [129, "lead", "lead", "VB", 1, 10929], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 10930], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 10931], [1168, "shift", "shift", "NN", 1, 10932], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 10933], [252, "graminoid", "graminoid", "JJ", 1, 10934], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 10935], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 10936], [941, "dominance", "dominance", "NN", 1, 10937], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10938], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 10939], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 10940], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10941], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 10942], [1622, "turn", "turn", "NN", 1, 10943], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10944], [371, "alter", "alter", "VB", 1, 10945], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10946], [554, "structure", "structure", "NN", 1, 10947], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10948], [374, "function", "function", "NN", 1, 10949], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10950], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10951], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 10952], [0, "through", "through", "IN", 0, 10953], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 10954], [571, "influences", "influence", "NNS", 1, 10955], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 10956], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 10957], [1623, "abiotic", "abiotic", "JJ", 1, 10958], [0, "and/or", "and/or", "CC", 0, 10959], [1268, "biotic", "biotic", "JJ", 1, 10960], [567, "controls", "control", "NNS", 1, 10961], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 10962], [1084, "biogeochemical", "biogeochemical", "JJ", 1, 10963], [442, "cycles", "cycle", "NNS", 1, 10964], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 10965], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 10966], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 10967], [282, "C", "c", "NNP", 1, 10968], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 10969], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10970], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 10971], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 10972], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 10973], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 10974], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 10975]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0b059148a50b103174f0cc7dcba6ecd3c624a3c6"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 10976], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 10977], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 10978], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10979], [0, "near", "near", "IN", 0, 10980], [1624, "Toolik", "toolik", "NNP", 1, 10981], [478, "Lake", "lake", "NNP", 1, 10982], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10983], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 10984], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 10985], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 10986], [825, "quantified", "quantify", "VBD", 1, 10987], [309, "net", "net", "JJ", 1, 10988], [0, "N-mineralization", "n-mineralization", "CD", 0, 10989], [115, "rates", "rate", "NNS", 1, 10990], [0, "under", "under", "IN", 0, 10991], [621, "ambient", "ambient", "NN", 1, 10992], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 10993], [1625, "manipulated", "manipulate", "VBD", 1, 10994], [424, "snow", "snow", "NN", 1, 10995], [239, "treatments", "treatment", "NNS", 1, 10996], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 10997], [0, "three", "three", "CD", 0, 10998], [125, "different", "different", "JJ", 1, 10999], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 11000], [209, "communities", "community", "NNS", 1, 11001], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 11002], [1095, "varied", "vary", "VBD", 1, 11003], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11004], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 11005], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11006], [251, "deciduous", "deciduous", "JJ", 1, 11007], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 11008], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11009]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8dcd729633899ebde0b3bdb9bf1b7a150a2fa6e2"}
{"graf": [[0, "Our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 11010], [1626, "objective", "objective", "NN", 1, 11011], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 11012], [1627, "twofold", "twofold", "JJ", 1, 11013], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 11014], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 11015], [0, "1", "1", "LS", 0, 11016], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 11017], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 11018], [319, "test", "test", "VB", 1, 11019], [0, "whether", "whether", "IN", 0, 11020], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11021], [1628, "amount", "amount", "NN", 1, 11022], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11023], [424, "snow", "snow", "NN", 1, 11024], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 11025], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 11026], [304, "accumulate", "accumulate", "VB", 1, 11027], [0, "around", "around", "IN", 0, 11028], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 11029], [251, "deciduous", "deciduous", "JJ", 1, 11030], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 11031], [590, "maintains", "maintain", "VBZ", 1, 11032], [429, "winter", "winter", "NN", 1, 11033], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 11034], [242, "temperatures", "temperature", "NNS", 1, 11035], [180, "high", "high", "JJ", 1, 11036], [0, "enough", "enough", "RB", 0, 11037], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 11038], [1311, "stimulate", "stimulate", "VB", 1, 11039], [596, "microbial", "microbial", "JJ", 1, 11040], [549, "activity", "activity", "NN", 1, 11041], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11042], [139, "increase", "increase", "VB", 1, 11043], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 11044], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 11045], [598, "levels", "level", "NNS", 1, 11046], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 11047], [76, "effect", "effect", "NN", 1, 11048], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11049], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 11050], [1629, "microclimate", "microclimate", "NN", 1, 11051], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 11052], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11053], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 11054], [0, "2", "2", "CD", 0, 11055], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 11056], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 11057], [843, "compare", "compare", "VB", 1, 11058], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11059], [570, "relative", "relative", "JJ", 1, 11060], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 11061], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11062], [424, "snow", "snow", "NN", 1, 11063], [0, "versus", "versus", "IN", 0, 11064], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 11065], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 11066], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 11067], [142, "availability", "availability", "NN", 1, 11068], [0, "via", "via", "IN", 0, 11069], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 11070], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 11071], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11072], [98, "main", "main", "JJ", 1, 11073], [120, "drivers", "driver", "NNS", 1, 11074], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11075], [1630, "N-mineralization", "n-mineralization", "NNP", 1, 11076], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 11077], [1631, "SOM", "som", "NNP", 1, 11078], [736, "quality", "quality", "NN", 1, 11079], [0, "versus", "versus", "IN", 0, 11080], [1629, "microclimate", "microclimate", "NN", 1, 11081], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11082]], "id": "0", "sha1": "a36377f0da8a428f057ed123b136178a99811c7f"}
{"graf": [[429, "Winter", "winter", "JJ", 1, 11083], [424, "snow", "snow", "NN", 1, 11084], [229, "addition", "addition", "NN", 1, 11085], [155, "had", "have", "VBD", 1, 11086], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 11087], [572, "positive", "positive", "JJ", 1, 11088], [76, "effect", "effect", "NN", 1, 11089], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 11090], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 11091], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11092], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 11093], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 11094], [429, "winter", "winter", "NN", 1, 11095], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11096], [0, "N-mineralization", "n-mineralization", "CD", 0, 11097], [115, "rates", "rate", "NNS", 1, 11098], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11099]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8f4a4ce9e3ec27d452d4f26ec80b4c16bc623023"}
{"graf": [[167, "Soil", "soil", "JJ", 1, 11100], [297, "organic", "organic", "JJ", 1, 11101], [298, "matter", "matter", "NN", 1, 11102], [736, "quality", "quality", "NN", 1, 11103], [155, "had", "have", "VBD", 1, 11104], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 11105], [0, "nine", "nine", "CD", 0, 11106], [606, "times", "time", "NNS", 1, 11107], [391, "larger", "larger", "JJR", 1, 11108], [76, "effect", "effect", "NN", 1, 11109], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 11110], [0, "N-mineralization", "n-mineralization", "CD", 0, 11111], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 11112], [179, "did", "do", "VBD", 1, 11113], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 11114], [1629, "microclimate", "microclimate", "NN", 1, 11115], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11116], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11117], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 11118], [247, "season", "season", "NN", 1, 11119], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11120], [0, "only", "only", "RB", 0, 11121], [1631, "SOM", "som", "NNP", 1, 11122], [736, "quality", "quality", "NN", 1, 11123], [155, "had", "have", "VBD", 1, 11124], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 11125], [1632, "detectable", "detectable", "JJ", 1, 11126], [76, "effect", "effect", "NN", 1, 11127], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 11128], [0, "N-mineralization", "n-mineralization", "CD", 0, 11129], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11130], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11131], [429, "winter", "winter", "NN", 1, 11132], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11133]], "id": "0", "sha1": "acb3c90cd706d021b8475ed8d0c28eceb698a231"}
{"graf": [[0, "Here", "here", "RB", 0, 11134], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 11135], [1257, "conclude", "conclude", "VBP", 1, 11136], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 11137], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 11138], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 11139], [224, "short", "short", "JJ", 1, 11140], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 11141], [410, "scale", "scale", "NN", 1, 11142], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11143], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 11144], [128, "interactions", "interaction", "NNS", 1, 11145], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 11146], [424, "snow", "snow", "NN", 1, 11147], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 11148], [151, "play", "play", "VB", 1, 11149], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 11150], [153, "role", "role", "NN", 1, 11151], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11152], [139, "increasing", "increase", "VBG", 1, 11153], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 11154], [293, "available", "available", "JJ", 1, 11155], [82, "N", "n", "NN", 1, 11156], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11157], [0, "primarily", "primarily", "RB", 0, 11158], [0, "through", "through", "IN", 0, 11159], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 11160], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 11161], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11162], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 11163], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 11164], [1620, "microenvironment", "microenvironment", "NN", 1, 11165], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11166]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ed3df9ce01837ea5b1c156eb425344b729af540f"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 11167], [229, "addition", "addition", "NN", 1, 11168], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11169], [356, "differences", "difference", "NNS", 1, 11170], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11171], [1631, "SOM", "som", "NNP", 1, 11172], [736, "quality", "quality", "NN", 1, 11173], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 11174], [126, "drive", "drive", "VB", 1, 11175], [391, "larger", "larger", "JJR", 1, 11176], [356, "differences", "difference", "NNS", 1, 11177], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11178], [309, "net", "net", "JJ", 1, 11179], [1630, "N-mineralization", "n-mineralization", "NN", 1, 11180], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 11181], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 11182], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11183], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 11184], [1629, "microclimate", "microclimate", "NN", 1, 11185], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11186], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11187], [1510, "magnitude", "magnitude", "NN", 1, 11188], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11189], [0, "what", "what", "WP", 0, 11190], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 11191], [383, "saw", "see", "VBD", 1, 11192], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 11193], [0, "our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 11194], [0, "three", "three", "CD", 0, 11195], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 11196], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11197]], "id": "0", "sha1": "02f173119eb03d475fce749b37491eee06b276d8"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 11198], [0, "2011", "2011", "CD", 0, 11199], [1208, "Springer", "springer", "NNP", 1, 11200], [1209, "Science+Business", "science+business", "NNP", 1, 11201], [1210, "Media", "media", "NNP", 1, 11202], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11203], [1211, "LLC", "llc", "NNP", 1, 11204], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 11205], [409, "Temporal", "temporal", "JJ", 1, 11206], [60, "patterns", "pattern", "NNS", 1, 11207], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11208], [637, "evolution", "evolution", "NN", 1, 11209], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11210], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11211], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 11212], [917, "explored", "explore", "VBN", 1, 11213], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11214], [1633, "artemisia", "artemisia", "NN", 1, 11215], [783, "l.", "l.", "NN", 1, 11216], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 11217], [1634, "asteraceae", "asteraceae", "NN", 1, 11218], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 11219], [1635, "lineages", "lineage", "NNS", 1, 11220], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11221], [125, "different", "different", "JJ", 1, 11222], [1521, "age", "age", "NN", 1, 11223], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11224]], "id": "0", "sha1": "bea774a9ade323017a83b0aca9d997a7b4546f74"}
{"graf": [[106, "Current", "current", "JJ", 1, 11225], [697, "knowledge", "knowledge", "NN", 1, 11226], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11227], [806, "early", "early", "JJ", 1, 11228], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 11229], [637, "evolution", "evolution", "NN", 1, 11230], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11231], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11232], [0, "geologically", "geologically", "RB", 0, 11233], [1299, "young", "young", "JJ", 1, 11234], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 11235], [214, "biome", "biome", "NN", 1, 11236], [0, "mainly", "mainly", "RB", 0, 11237], [1636, "rests", "rest", "VBZ", 1, 11238], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 11239], [0, "rather", "rather", "RB", 0, 11240], [1637, "scarce", "scarce", "JJ", 1, 11241], [653, "fossil", "fossil", "NN", 1, 11242], [318, "data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 11243], [634, "dating", "date", "VBG", 1, 11244], [0, "back", "back", "RB", 0, 11245], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 11246], [0, "approximately", "approximately", "RB", 0, 11247], [0, "5", "5", "CD", 0, 11248], [0, "million", "million", "CD", 0, 11249], [332, "years", "year", "NNS", 1, 11250], [0, "ago", "ago", "RB", 0, 11251], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11252]], "id": "0", "sha1": "a4af7f6ae1487afcfced4af5f85bc433272ddf1d"}
{"graf": [[0, "Aims", "aims", "RB", 0, 11253], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 11254], [0, "Our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 11255], [1322, "aim", "aim", "NN", 1, 11256], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 11257], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 11258], [263, "provide", "provide", "VB", 1, 11259], [741, "independent", "independent", "JJ", 1, 11260], [1521, "age", "age", "NN", 1, 11261], [113, "estimates", "estimate", "NNS", 1, 11262], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 11263], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11264], [644, "origin", "origin", "NN", 1, 11265], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11266], [22, "several", "several", "JJ", 1, 11267], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 11268], [1635, "lineages", "lineage", "NNS", 1, 11269], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11270], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11271], [1638, "genus", "genus", "NN", 1, 11272], [1633, "Artemisia", "artemisia", "NNP", 1, 11273], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11274], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 11275], [90, "assess", "assess", "VB", 1, 11276], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 11277], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 11278], [24, "possible", "possible", "JJ", 1, 11279], [1410, "source", "source", "NN", 1, 11280], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 11281], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 11282], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 11283], [155, "have", "have", "VB", 1, 11284], [1639, "colonised", "colonise", "VBN", 1, 11285], [0, "early", "early", "RB", 0, 11286], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 11287], [214, "biomes", "biome", "NNS", 1, 11288], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11289]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2ec1b43b95ead19c1b241debda869e823963486b"}
{"graf": [[452, "Methods", "method", "NNS", 1, 11290], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 11291], [1521, "Age", "age", "NN", 1, 11292], [113, "estimates", "estimate", "NNS", 1, 11293], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 11294], [17, "derived", "derive", "VBN", 1, 11295], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 11296], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 11297], [1350, "Bayesian", "bayesian", "JJ", 1, 11298], [454, "approach", "approach", "NN", 1, 11299], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 11300], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 11301], [1640, "uncorrelated", "uncorrelated", "JJ", 1, 11302], [1641, "lognormal", "lognormal", "JJ", 1, 11303], [1642, "clock", "clock", "NN", 1, 11304], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11305], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11306], [1643, "penalised", "penalised", "JJ", 1, 11307], [1644, "likelihood", "likelihood", "NN", 1, 11308], [452, "method", "method", "NN", 1, 11309], [1645, "imposed", "impose", "VBN", 1, 11310], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 11311], [652, "molecular", "molecular", "JJ", 1, 11312], [1646, "ETS", "ets", "NNP", 1, 11313], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11314], [1647, "ITS", "its", "NNP", 1, 11315], [318, "data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 11316], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11317], [0, "139", "139", "CD", 0, 11318], [705, "taxa", "taxa", "NN", 1, 11319], [1648, "taken", "take", "VBN", 1, 11320], [0, "mainly", "mainly", "RB", 0, 11321], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 11322], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 11323], [1372, "previous", "previous", "JJ", 1, 11324], [39, "study", "study", "NN", 1, 11325], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11326]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f7fd8519c2791b7717bfa4e0460eb14d0606ca18"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 11327], [1649, "phylogeny", "phylogeny", "NN", 1, 11328], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 11329], [1606, "calibrated", "calibrate", "VBN", 1, 11330], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 11331], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11332], [1537, "oldest", "oldest", "JJS", 1, 11333], [734, "known", "know", "VBN", 1, 11334], [653, "fossil", "fossil", "NN", 1, 11335], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11336], [1633, "Artemisia", "artemisia", "NNP", 1, 11337], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 11338], [0, "approximately", "approximately", "RB", 0, 11339], [0, "34", "34", "CD", 0, 11340], [1650, "mya", "mya", "NN", 1, 11341], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11342]], "id": "0", "sha1": "27a964f71122a4e11ccd1ff20f659585a9030bce"}
{"graf": [[55, "Results", "result", "NNS", 1, 11343], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 11344]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d575e92f6e78dfc9ee7b6d9f6680fd8e354625d8"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 11345], [125, "different", "different", "JJ", 1, 11346], [452, "methods", "method", "NNS", 1, 11347], [1651, "employed", "employ", "VBD", 1, 11348], [1565, "yielded", "yield", "VBN", 1, 11349], [0, "partly", "partly", "RB", 0, 11350], [1652, "dissimilar", "dissimilar", "JJ", 1, 11351], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 11352], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11353], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11354], [1653, "correspondence", "correspondence", "NN", 1, 11355], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 11356], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 11357], [1250, "second", "second", "JJ", 1, 11358], [1654, "calibration", "calibration", "NN", 1, 11359], [29, "point", "point", "NN", 1, 11360], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 11361], [156, "first", "first", "JJ", 1, 11362], [800, "American", "american", "JJ", 1, 11363], [653, "fossil", "fossil", "NN", 1, 11364], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 11365], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 11366], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 11367], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 11368], [0, "very", "very", "RB", 0, 11369], [427, "strong", "strong", "JJ", 1, 11370], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11371]], "id": "0", "sha1": "38df7c52b5174622ff2a40d9ea38a1149b67e329"}
{"graf": [[0, "Nevertheless", "nevertheless", "RB", 0, 11372], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11373], [0, "it", "it", "PRP", 0, 11374], [1378, "seems", "seem", "VBZ", 1, 11375], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 11376], [22, "several", "several", "JJ", 1, 11377], [1633, "Artemisia", "artemisia", "NNP", 1, 11378], [1635, "lineages", "lineage", "NNS", 1, 11379], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 11380], [87, "part", "part", "NN", 1, 11381], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11382], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11383], [0, "geologically", "geologically", "RB", 0, 11384], [1299, "young", "young", "JJ", 1, 11385], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 11386], [214, "biome", "biome", "NN", 1, 11387], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 11388], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11389], [1655, "beginning", "beginning", "NN", 1, 11390], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11391], [0, "its", "its", "PRP$", 0, 11392], [644, "origin", "origin", "NN", 1, 11393], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11394], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 11395], [261, "least", "least", "JJS", 1, 11396], [0, "one", "one", "CD", 0, 11397], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 11398], [619, "group", "group", "NN", 1, 11399], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 11400], [0, "even", "even", "RB", 0, 11401], [1379, "older", "older", "JJR", 1, 11402], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11403]], "id": "0", "sha1": "7b46804923a922b85c450b41a4ccf06b0a669a74"}
{"graf": [[0, "It", "it", "PRP", 0, 11404], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 11405], [68, "shown", "show", "VBN", 1, 11406], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 11407], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11408], [1537, "oldest", "oldest", "JJS", 1, 11409], [1635, "lineages", "lineage", "NNS", 1, 11410], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11411], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11412], [1638, "genus", "genus", "NN", 1, 11413], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 11414], [0, "currently", "currently", "RB", 0, 11415], [338, "found", "find", "VBN", 1, 11416], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11417], [658, "Beringia", "beringia", "NNP", 1, 11418], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11419]], "id": "0", "sha1": "3a5e99be116e1406e4d09653f0a13677c204bc33"}
{"graf": [[0, "An", "an", "DT", 0, 11420], [1656, "evaluation", "evaluation", "NN", 1, 11421], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11422], [205, "ecological", "ecological", "JJ", 1, 11423], [1657, "requirements", "requirement", "NNS", 1, 11424], [68, "showed", "show", "VBD", 1, 11425], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 11426], [806, "early", "early", "JJ", 1, 11427], [1633, "Artemisia", "artemisia", "NNP", 1, 11428], [699, "stock", "stock", "NN", 1, 11429], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11430], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11431], [1036, "emerging", "emerge", "VBG", 1, 11432], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 11433], [214, "biome", "biome", "NN", 1, 11434], [0, "might", "might", "MD", 0, 11435], [155, "have", "have", "VB", 1, 11436], [1658, "evolved", "evolve", "VBN", 1, 11437], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 11438], [1659, "steppe", "steppe", "JJ", 1, 11439], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11440], [531, "alpine", "alpine", "JJ", 1, 11441], [1660, "progenitors", "progenitor", "NNS", 1, 11442], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11443]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ea2e0e09e8320d9c4e1f8884871a9d2a27b360c3"}
{"graf": [[507, "Conclusions", "conclusion", "NNS", 1, 11444], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 11445]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d193e36473ccc48e86b0cf1fd0074ee2ab43390b"}
{"graf": [[1661, "Considerable", "considerable", "JJ", 1, 11446], [1142, "caution", "caution", "NN", 1, 11447], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 11448], [202, "required", "require", "VBN", 1, 11449], [0, "when", "when", "WRB", 0, 11450], [982, "attempting", "attempt", "VBG", 1, 11451], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 11452], [1662, "reconstruct", "reconstruct", "VB", 1, 11453], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11454], [637, "evolution", "evolution", "NN", 1, 11455], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11456], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 11457], [1633, "Artemisia", "artemisia", "NNP", 1, 11458], [1635, "lineages", "lineage", "NNS", 1, 11459], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11460], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 11461], [0, "our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 11462], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 11463], [0, "mostly", "mostly", "RB", 0, 11464], [1663, "fit", "fit", "VBP", 1, 11465], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11466], [31, "general", "general", "JJ", 1, 11467], [653, "fossil", "fossil", "NN", 1, 11468], [401, "record", "record", "NN", 1, 11469], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11470], [131, "other", "other", "JJ", 1, 11471], [1664, "traditional", "traditional", "JJ", 1, 11472], [1665, "theories", "theory", "NNS", 1, 11473], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 11474], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11475], [644, "origin", "origin", "NN", 1, 11476], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11477], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 11478], [1635, "lineages", "lineage", "NNS", 1, 11479], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11480]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e5378c93c46f0e19d804f1c0c972571a6d7f241f"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 11481], [0, "2008", "2008", "CD", 0, 11482], [1539, "Botanical", "botanical", "NNP", 1, 11483], [206, "Society", "society", "NNP", 1, 11484], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11485], [1666, "Scotland", "scotland", "NNP", 1, 11486], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11487], [1667, "Taylor", "taylor", "NNP", 1, 11488], [0, "&", "&", ".", 0, 11489], [1668, "Francis", "francis", "NNP", 1, 11490], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 11491], [805, "Signals", "signal", "NNS", 1, 11492], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11493], [450, "tree", "tree", "NN", 1, 11494], [1669, "volume", "volume", "NN", 1, 11495], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11496], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 11497], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11498], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 11499], [1233, "high-resolution", "high-resolution", "JJ", 1, 11500], [401, "record", "record", "NN", 1, 11501], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11502], [1160, "pollen", "pollen", "NN", 1, 11503], [119, "accumulation", "accumulation", "NN", 1, 11504], [115, "rates", "rate", "NNS", 1, 11505], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11506], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 11507], [1603, "finland", "finland", "NN", 1, 11508], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11509]], "id": "0", "sha1": "89306d3911566266e7d9015b9b9f34c81bbaaa81"}
{"graf": [[1160, "Pollen", "pollen", "NNP", 1, 11510], [119, "accumulation", "accumulation", "NN", 1, 11511], [115, "rates", "rate", "NNS", 1, 11512], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 11513], [1670, "PARs", "pars", "NNP", 1, 11514], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 11515], [263, "provide", "provide", "VB", 1, 11516], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 11517], [313, "potential", "potential", "JJ", 1, 11518], [812, "proxy", "proxy", "NN", 1, 11519], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 11520], [889, "quantitative", "quantitative", "JJ", 1, 11521], [450, "tree", "tree", "NN", 1, 11522], [1669, "volume", "volume", "NN", 1, 11523], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 11524], [836, "m", "m", "NN", 1, 11525], [0, "3", "3", "CD", 0, 11526], [0, "ha", "ha", "UH", 0, 11527], [0, "-1", "-1", "CD", 0, 11528], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 11529], [403, "reconstruction", "reconstruction", "NN", 1, 11530], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 11531], [1671, "reliable", "reliable", "JJ", 1, 11532], [1672, "absolute", "absolute", "JJ", 1, 11533], [1160, "pollen", "pollen", "NN", 1, 11534], [540, "productivity", "productivity", "NN", 1, 11535], [113, "estimates", "estimate", "NNS", 1, 11536], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 11537], [1673, "APPEs", "appes", "NNP", 1, 11538], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 11539], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11540]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c9deb9f29cf38aa8141393903f44e392197bbab0"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 11541], [1601, "obtained", "obtain", "VBD", 1, 11542], [1674, "APPEs", "appe", "NNS", 1, 11543], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 11544], [1248, "pine", "pine", "NN", 1, 11545], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11546], [1675, "spruce", "spruce", "NN", 1, 11547], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11548], [346, "birch", "birch", "NN", 1, 11549], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 11550], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 11551], [97, "range", "range", "NN", 1, 11552], [222, "limits", "limit", "NNS", 1, 11553], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11554], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 11555], [1603, "Finland", "finland", "NNP", 1, 11556], [0, "under", "under", "IN", 0, 11557], [0, "two", "two", "CD", 0, 11558], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 11559], [434, "periods", "period", "NNS", 1, 11560], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 11561], [0, "'", "'", ".", 0, 11562], [248, "warm", "warm", "JJ", 1, 11563], [0, "'", "'", ".", 0, 11564], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11565], [0, "'", "'", ".", 0, 11566], [1234, "cold", "cold", "JJ", 1, 11567], [0, "'", "'", ".", 0, 11568], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 11569], [226, "based", "base", "VBN", 1, 11570], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 11571], [137, "long-term", "long-term", "JJ", 1, 11572], [1160, "pollen", "pollen", "NN", 1, 11573], [896, "trap", "trap", "NN", 1, 11574], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11575], [450, "tree", "tree", "NN", 1, 11576], [1669, "volume", "volume", "NN", 1, 11577], [401, "records", "record", "NNS", 1, 11578], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 11579], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 11580], [1676, "14-km", "14-km", "JJ", 1, 11581], [1677, "radius", "radius", "NN", 1, 11582], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11583], [0, "each", "each", "DT", 0, 11584], [896, "trap", "trap", "NN", 1, 11585], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11586]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b04a638a3dae771d5e31f430eca50f7bef8d5158"}
{"graf": [[1674, "APPEs", "appe", "NNS", 1, 11587], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 11588], [0, "mean\u00b1SE;\u00d710", "mean\u00b1se;\u00d710", "$", 0, 11589], [0, "8", "8", "CD", 0, 11590], [1678, "grains", "grain", "NNS", 1, 11591], [0, "m", "m", "PRP", 0, 11592], [1121, "-3", "-3", "VBD", 1, 11593], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 11594], [1679, "-1", "-1", "NNP", 1, 11595], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 11596], [390, "tend", "tend", "VB", 1, 11597], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 11598], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 11599], [594, "higher", "higher", "JJR", 1, 11600], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 11601], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11602], [0, "'", "'", ".", 0, 11603], [248, "warm", "warm", "JJ", 1, 11604], [0, "'", "'", ".", 0, 11605], [434, "periods", "period", "NNS", 1, 11606], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 11607], [1248, "pine", "pine", "NN", 1, 11608], [0, "123.8\u00b124.4", "123.8\u00b124.4", "CD", 0, 11609], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11610], [346, "birch", "birch", "NN", 1, 11611], [0, "528.0\u00b1398.4", "528.0\u00b1398.4", "CD", 0, 11612], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11613], [1675, "spruce", "spruce", "NN", 1, 11614], [0, "4343.\u00b1113.7", "4343.\u00b1113.7", "CD", 0, 11615], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 11616], [843, "compared", "compare", "VBN", 1, 11617], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 11618], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11619], [0, "'", "'", ".", 0, 11620], [1234, "cold", "cold", "JJ", 1, 11621], [0, "'", "'", ".", 0, 11622], [434, "periods", "period", "NNS", 1, 11623], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 11624], [1248, "pine", "pine", "NN", 1, 11625], [0, "95.5\u00b137.3", "95.5\u00b137.3", "CD", 0, 11626], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11627], [346, "birch", "birch", "NN", 1, 11628], [0, "317.3\u00b1282.6", "317.3\u00b1282.6", "CD", 0, 11629], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11630], [1675, "spruce", "spruce", "NN", 1, 11631], [0, "119.6\u00b137.6", "119.6\u00b137.6", "CD", 0, 11632], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 11633], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11634], [0, "although", "although", "IN", 0, 11635], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11636], [356, "difference", "difference", "NN", 1, 11637], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 11638], [0, "only", "only", "RB", 0, 11639], [802, "significant", "significant", "JJ", 1, 11640], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 11641], [1675, "spruce", "spruce", "NN", 1, 11642], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11643]], "id": "0", "sha1": "9e4be83f5b93ce9f501d0f6405aa287755e22bc1"}
{"graf": [[4, "Using", "use", "VBG", 1, 11644], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 11645], [741, "independent", "independent", "JJ", 1, 11646], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 11647], [401, "record", "record", "NN", 1, 11648], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11649], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11650], [1673, "APPEs", "appes", "NNPS", 1, 11651], [1601, "obtained", "obtain", "VBD", 1, 11652], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11653], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 11654], [1662, "reconstruct", "reconstruct", "VBP", 1, 11655], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 11656], [1680, "low-frequency", "low-frequency", "JJ", 1, 11657], [401, "record", "record", "NN", 1, 11658], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11659], [1248, "pine", "pine", "NN", 1, 11660], [1669, "volume", "volume", "NN", 1, 11661], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 11662], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 11663], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11664], [803, "last", "last", "JJ", 1, 11665], [0, "1000", "1000", "CD", 0, 11666], [332, "years", "year", "NNS", 1, 11667], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 11668], [1681, "Palomaa", "palomaa", "NNP", 1, 11669], [1682, "mire", "mire", "NN", 1, 11670], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11671], [0, "where", "where", "WRB", 0, 11672], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 11673], [1233, "high-resolution", "high-resolution", "JJ", 1, 11674], [401, "record", "record", "NN", 1, 11675], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11676], [1249, "Pinus", "pinus", "NNP", 1, 11677], [1670, "PARs", "pars", "NNP", 1, 11678], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 11679], [293, "available", "available", "JJ", 1, 11680], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11681]], "id": "0", "sha1": "293bcd55ed7a99bb115fc858d1359bfc7252e5de"}
{"graf": [[0, "Five", "five", "CD", 0, 11682], [162, "phases", "phase", "NNS", 1, 11683], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 11684], [1683, "distinguished", "distinguish", "VBN", 1, 11685], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11686], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11687], [403, "reconstruction", "reconstruction", "NN", 1, 11688], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 11689], [1316, "moderate", "moderate", "JJ", 1, 11690], [1248, "pine", "pine", "NN", 1, 11691], [1669, "volume", "volume", "NN", 1, 11692], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11693], [1684, "AD", "ad", "NN", 1, 11694], [0, "1080-1170", "1080-1170", "CD", 0, 11695], [0, ";", ";", ".", 0, 11696], [180, "high", "high", "JJ", 1, 11697], [1669, "volume", "volume", "NN", 1, 11698], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11699], [1684, "AD", "ad", "NN", 1, 11700], [0, "1170-1340", "1170-1340", "CD", 0, 11701], [0, ";", ";", ".", 0, 11702], [203, "low", "low", "JJ", 1, 11703], [1669, "volume", "volume", "NN", 1, 11704], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11705], [1684, "AD", "ad", "NN", 1, 11706], [0, "1340-1630", "1340-1630", "CD", 0, 11707], [0, ";", ";", ".", 0, 11708], [0, "very", "very", "RB", 0, 11709], [203, "low", "low", "JJ", 1, 11710], [1669, "volume", "volume", "NN", 1, 11711], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11712], [1684, "AD", "ad", "NN", 1, 11713], [0, "1630-1810", "1630-1810", "CD", 0, 11714], [0, ";", ";", ".", 0, 11715], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11716], [275, "rising", "rise", "VBG", 1, 11717], [1248, "pine", "pine", "NN", 1, 11718], [1669, "volume", "volume", "NN", 1, 11719], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11720], [1684, "AD", "ad", "NN", 1, 11721], [0, "1810", "1810", "CD", 0, 11722], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 11723], [0, "1950", "1950", "CD", 0, 11724], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11725]], "id": "0", "sha1": "39b03a6f2235cdb6d52ab2bd0505b6a2fdae0119"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 11726], [162, "phases", "phase", "NNS", 1, 11727], [179, "do", "do", "VBP", 1, 11728], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 11729], [542, "coincide", "coincide", "VB", 1, 11730], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 11731], [434, "periods", "period", "NNS", 1, 11732], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11733], [180, "high", "high", "JJ", 1, 11734], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 11735], [203, "low", "low", "JJ", 1, 11736], [1685, "June-July-August", "june-july-august", "NNP", 1, 11737], [242, "temperatures", "temperature", "NNS", 1, 11738], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11739], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11740], [0, "thus", "thus", "RB", 0, 11741], [217, "appear", "appear", "VBP", 1, 11742], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 11743], [1054, "reflect", "reflect", "VB", 1, 11744], [556, "regional", "regional", "JJ", 1, 11745], [631, "variations", "variation", "NNS", 1, 11746], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11747], [450, "tree", "tree", "NN", 1, 11748], [1669, "volume", "volume", "NN", 1, 11749], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11750], [0, "while", "while", "IN", 0, 11751], [1686, "high-frequency", "high-frequency", "JJ", 1, 11752], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 11753], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 11754], [0, "each", "each", "DT", 0, 11755], [1687, "time-period", "time-period", "NN", 1, 11756], [1688, "block", "block", "NN", 1, 11757], [68, "show", "show", "NN", 1, 11758], [631, "variations", "variation", "NNS", 1, 11759], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11760], [1599, "PARs", "par", "NNS", 1, 11761], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11762], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 11763], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 11764], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 11765], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11766]], "id": "0", "sha1": "63572ceac3963727c8481928d301db2b755b9a70"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 11767], [0, "2012", "2012", "CD", 0, 11768], [1260, "John", "john", "NNP", 1, 11769], [1261, "Wiley", "wiley", "NNP", 1, 11770], [0, "&", "&", ".", 0, 11771], [1689, "amp", "amp", "NNP", 1, 11772], [0, ";", ";", ".", 0, 11773], [1690, "Sons", "son", "NNS", 1, 11774], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11775], [380, "Ltd", "ltd", "NNP", 1, 11776], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 11777], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 11778], [1485, "browning", "browning", "NN", 1, 11779], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 11780], [1139, "extreme", "extreme", "JJ", 1, 11781], [1691, "events", "event", "NNS", 1, 11782], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11783], [387, "trends", "trend", "NNS", 1, 11784], [1692, "reversing", "reverse", "VBG", 1, 11785], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 11786], [776, "greening", "greening", "NN", 1, 11787], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11788]], "id": "0", "sha1": "fd3d5cc0da901249912b1bc37ef9d56510bd6e8b"}
{"graf": [[101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 11789], [1693, "arthropod", "arthropod", "NN", 1, 11790], [1694, "assemblages", "assemblage", "NNS", 1, 11791], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11792], [906, "habitats", "habitat", "NNS", 1, 11793], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11794], [620, "differing", "differ", "VBG", 1, 11795], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 11796], [941, "dominance", "dominance", "NN", 1, 11797], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11798]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0647f5c59caec27543efcf812537d952d97dd9a9"}
{"graf": [[215, "Recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 11799], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 11800], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 11801], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11802], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11803], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 11804], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 11805], [257, "caused", "cause", "VBN", 1, 11806], [1695, "advancement", "advancement", "NN", 1, 11807], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11808], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11809], [1696, "timing", "timing", "NN", 1, 11810], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11811], [1697, "snowmelt", "snowmelt", "NN", 1, 11812], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11813], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 11814], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11815], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 11816], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 11817], [1698, "open", "open", "JJ", 1, 11818], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 11819], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11820]], "id": "0", "sha1": "62e7b5cd9f2db386ee1021607f19f3ae57b78dcc"}
{"graf": [[0, "Such", "such", "PDT", 0, 11821], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 11822], [1699, "altered", "altered", "JJ", 1, 11823], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 11824], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 11825], [0, "directly", "directly", "RB", 0, 11826], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11827], [0, "indirectly", "indirectly", "RB", 0, 11828], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 11829], [0, "via", "via", "IN", 0, 11830], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 11831], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 11832], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 11833], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 11834], [862, "affect", "affect", "VBP", 1, 11835], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 11836], [1693, "arthropod", "arthropod", "NN", 1, 11837], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 11838], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11839], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 11840], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11841], [1694, "assemblage", "assemblage", "NN", 1, 11842], [689, "taxonomic", "taxonomic", "JJ", 1, 11843], [123, "composition", "composition", "NN", 1, 11844], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11845]], "id": "0", "sha1": "867a0b550cfabfcb16f4436ef29c06858bd40151"}
{"graf": [[0, "To", "to", "TO", 0, 11846], [904, "allow", "allow", "VB", 1, 11847], [1423, "better", "better", "JJR", 1, 11848], [1148, "predictions", "prediction", "NNS", 1, 11849], [0, "about", "about", "IN", 0, 11850], [0, "how", "how", "WRB", 0, 11851], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 11852], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 11853], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 11854], [862, "affect", "affect", "VB", 1, 11855], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 11856], [1523, "organisms", "organism", "NNS", 1, 11857], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11858], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 11859], [843, "compared", "compare", "VBD", 1, 11860], [1693, "arthropod", "arthropod", "NN", 1, 11861], [1694, "assemblages", "assemblage", "NNS", 1, 11862], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 11863], [1698, "open", "open", "JJ", 1, 11864], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11865], [1258, "shrub-dominated", "shrub-dominate", "NN", 1, 11866], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 11867], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 11868], [0, "three", "three", "CD", 0, 11869], [92, "field", "field", "NN", 1, 11870], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 11871], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11872], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 11873], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 11874], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 11875], [1700, "encompass", "encompas", "VBP", 1, 11876], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 11877], [97, "range", "range", "NN", 1, 11878], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11879], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 11880], [209, "communities", "community", "NNS", 1, 11881], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11882]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e2985effd69e4c713eb1a06bfe867842d3672082"}
{"graf": [[0, "Over", "over", "IN", 0, 11883], [0, "ten", "ten", "CD", 0, 11884], [1701, "weeks", "week", "NNS", 1, 11885], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11886], [1387, "sampling", "sampling", "NN", 1, 11887], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11888], [0, "2011", "2011", "CD", 0, 11889], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11890], [1702, "pitfall", "pitfall", "NN", 1, 11891], [0, "traps", "traps", "RB", 0, 11892], [1703, "captured", "capture", "VBD", 1, 11893], [0, "significantly", "significantly", "RB", 0, 11894], [148, "more", "more", "JJR", 1, 11895], [1693, "arthropods", "arthropod", "NNS", 1, 11896], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11897], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 11898], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 11899], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 11900], [1698, "open", "open", "JJ", 1, 11901], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 11902], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 11903], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 11904], [0, "two", "two", "CD", 0, 11905], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11906], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11907], [0, "three", "three", "CD", 0, 11908], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 11909], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11910]], "id": "0", "sha1": "4b64e6369698b9efb87fd800eb64320e19f2166d"}
{"graf": [[0, "Furthermore", "furthermore", "RB", 0, 11911], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11912], [689, "taxonomic", "taxonomic", "JJ", 1, 11913], [1704, "richness", "richness", "NN", 1, 11914], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11915], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 11916], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 11917], [0, "significantly", "significantly", "RB", 0, 11918], [595, "greater", "greater", "JJR", 1, 11919], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11920], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 11921], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 11922], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 11923], [1698, "open", "open", "JJ", 1, 11924], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 11925], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 11926], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11927], [0, "although", "although", "IN", 0, 11928], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 11929], [60, "pattern", "pattern", "NN", 1, 11930], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 11931], [150, "site-specific", "site-specific", "NN", 1, 11932], [0, "as", "as", "RB", 0, 11933], [0, "well", "well", "RB", 0, 11934], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11935]], "id": "0", "sha1": "54b9b0361286fe91a92c5384a21615275f6313bf"}
{"graf": [[60, "Patterns", "pattern", "NNS", 1, 11936], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 11937], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 11938], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 11939], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 11940], [0, "five", "five", "CD", 0, 11941], [0, "most", "most", "RBS", 0, 11942], [502, "abundant", "abundant", "JJ", 1, 11943], [1693, "arthropod", "arthropod", "NN", 1, 11944], [58, "orders", "order", "NNS", 1, 11945], [620, "differed", "differ", "VBD", 1, 11946], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11947], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 11948], [1705, "spiders", "spider", "NNS", 1, 11949], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 11950], [58, "Order", "order", "NN", 1, 11951], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 11952], [1706, "Araneae", "araneae", "NNP", 1, 11953], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 11954], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 11955], [502, "abundant", "abundant", "JJ", 1, 11956], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11957], [1698, "open", "open", "JJ", 1, 11958], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 11959], [906, "habitats", "habitat", "NNS", 1, 11960], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11961], [1707, "true", "true", "JJ", 1, 11962], [1708, "bugs", "bug", "NNS", 1, 11963], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 11964], [58, "Order", "order", "NN", 1, 11965], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 11966], [1709, "Hemiptera", "hemiptera", "NNP", 1, 11967], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 11968], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11969], [1710, "flies", "fly", "NNS", 1, 11970], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 11971], [58, "Order", "order", "NNP", 1, 11972], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 11973], [1711, "Diptera", "diptera", "NNP", 1, 11974], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 11975], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 11976], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11977], [1712, "wasps", "wasp", "NNS", 1, 11978], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11979], [1713, "bees", "bee", "NNS", 1, 11980], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 11981], [58, "Order", "order", "NNP", 1, 11982], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 11983], [1714, "Hymenoptera", "hymenoptera", "NNP", 1, 11984], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 11985], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 11986], [502, "abundant", "abundant", "JJ", 1, 11987], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 11988], [1258, "shrub-dominated", "shrub-dominate", "NN", 1, 11989], [906, "habitats", "habitat", "NNS", 1, 11990], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 11991]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ec2459be9ccd0debc54e0cba726fc178a38428fb"}
{"graf": [[883, "Few", "few", "JJ", 1, 11992], [427, "strong", "strong", "JJ", 1, 11993], [725, "relationships", "relationship", "NNS", 1, 11994], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 11995], [338, "found", "find", "VBN", 1, 11996], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 11997], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 11998], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 11999], [220, "environmental", "environmental", "JJ", 1, 12000], [26, "variables", "variable", "NNS", 1, 12001], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12002], [1693, "arthropod", "arthropod", "JJ", 1, 12003], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 12004], [0, ";", ";", ".", 0, 12005], [0, "however", "however", "RB", 0, 12006], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12007], [255, "lichen", "lichen", "NNS", 1, 12008], [250, "cover", "cover", "VBP", 1, 12009], [1378, "seemed", "seem", "VBD", 1, 12010], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 12011], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 12012], [192, "important", "important", "JJ", 1, 12013], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 12014], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12015], [891, "overall", "overall", "JJ", 1, 12016], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 12017], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12018], [1693, "arthropods", "arthropod", "NNS", 1, 12019], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12020]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d29bde978c94bb6180dfc419ac52890fb6ee813f"}
{"graf": [[0, "Some", "some", "DT", 0, 12021], [1693, "arthropod", "arthropod", "NN", 1, 12022], [58, "orders", "order", "NNS", 1, 12023], [68, "showed", "show", "VBD", 1, 12024], [802, "significant", "significant", "JJ", 1, 12025], [725, "relationships", "relationship", "NNS", 1, 12026], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 12027], [131, "other", "other", "JJ", 1, 12028], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 12029], [26, "variables", "variable", "NNS", 1, 12030], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12031], [38, "including", "include", "VBG", 1, 12032], [758, "maximum", "maximum", "JJ", 1, 12033], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 12034], [249, "height", "height", "NN", 1, 12035], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 12036], [1715, "Coleoptera", "coleoptera", "NNP", 1, 12037], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 12038], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12039], [1716, "foliar", "foliar", "JJ", 1, 12040], [757, "canopy", "canopy", "NN", 1, 12041], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 12042], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 12043], [1711, "Diptera", "diptera", "NNP", 1, 12044], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 12045], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12046]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d0c0ff0819a7e3e32c9dd2884e7fd06f17b77e17"}
{"graf": [[0, "As", "as", "IN", 0, 12047], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 12048], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 12049], [370, "continues", "continue", "VBZ", 1, 12050], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 12051], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12052], [439, "coming", "come", "VBG", 1, 12053], [195, "decades", "decade", "NNS", 1, 12054], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12055], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12056], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 12057], [852, "further", "further", "JJ", 1, 12058], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 12059], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 12060], [920, "likely", "likely", "JJ", 1, 12061], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 12062], [791, "occur", "occur", "VB", 1, 12063], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12064], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 12065], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12066], [1693, "arthropod", "arthropod", "JJ", 1, 12067], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 12068], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12069], [1704, "richness", "richness", "NN", 1, 12070], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12071], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12072], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 12073], [430, "associated", "associate", "VBN", 1, 12074], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 12075], [1258, "shrub-dominated", "shrub-dominate", "NN", 1, 12076], [906, "habitat", "habitat", "NN", 1, 12077], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 12078], [155, "have", "have", "VB", 1, 12079], [192, "important", "important", "JJ", 1, 12080], [205, "ecological", "ecological", "JJ", 1, 12081], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 12082], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 12083], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 12084], [1717, "food", "food", "NN", 1, 12085], [1718, "webs", "webs", "NN", 1, 12086], [0, "since", "since", "IN", 0, 12087], [1693, "arthropods", "arthropod", "NNS", 1, 12088], [151, "play", "play", "VBP", 1, 12089], [192, "important", "important", "JJ", 1, 12090], [205, "ecological", "ecological", "JJ", 1, 12091], [153, "roles", "role", "NNS", 1, 12092], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12093], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12094], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 12095], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12096], [38, "including", "include", "VBG", 1, 12097], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12098], [737, "decomposition", "decomposition", "NN", 1, 12099], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12100], [1719, "trophic", "trophic", "JJ", 1, 12101], [128, "interactions", "interaction", "NNS", 1, 12102], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12103]], "id": "0", "sha1": "431c74eebff411f708d7496662da20792f18a9a6"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 12104], [0, "2013", "2013", "CD", 0, 12105]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c8b0a469b47d4e8d3128df342b0ca019763d4f0f"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 12106], [1318, "Author", "author", "NN", 1, 12107], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12108]], "id": "0", "sha1": "50326c740c8fa3c28707f47c8674664762cb4b15"}
{"graf": [[1720, "Ecography", "ecography", "NNP", 1, 12109], [0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 12110], [0, "2013", "2013", "CD", 0, 12111], [1721, "Nordic", "nordic", "JJ", 1, 12112], [206, "Society", "society", "NNP", 1, 12113], [1722, "Oikos", "oikos", "NNP", 1, 12114], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 12115], [100, "Ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NNP", 1, 12116], [147, "disturbance", "disturbance", "NN", 1, 12117], [165, "reduces", "reduce", "VBZ", 1, 12118], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12119], [1723, "allelopathic", "allelopathic", "JJ", 1, 12120], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 12121], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12122], [1724, "Empetrum", "empetrum", "NNP", 1, 12123], [1725, "hermaphroditum", "hermaphroditum", "NN", 1, 12124], [1726, "humus", "humus", "NN", 1, 12125], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 12126], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 12127], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 12128], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12129]], "id": "0", "sha1": "595866ae206284395623591b261d4d8a53a86449"}
{"graf": [[445, "Question", "question", "NN", 1, 12130], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 12131], [179, "Do", "do", "VBP", 1, 12132], [0, "naturally", "naturally", "RB", 0, 12133], [791, "occurring", "occur", "VBG", 1, 12134], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 12135], [147, "disturbances", "disturbance", "NNS", 1, 12136], [1727, "interfere", "interfere", "VBP", 1, 12137], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 12138], [1723, "allelopathic", "allelopathic", "JJ", 1, 12139], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 12140], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12141], [1728, "alleviate", "alleviate", "VB", 1, 12142], [246, "growing", "grow", "VBG", 1, 12143], [36, "conditions", "condition", "NNS", 1, 12144], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 12145], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 12146], [1729, "typical", "typical", "JJ", 1, 12147], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12148], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 12149], [1730, "productive", "productive", "JJ", 1, 12150], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 12151], [71, "states", "state", "NNS", 1, 12152], [0, "?", "?", ".", 0, 12153]], "id": "0", "sha1": "4f41ec354e2482ae6430308ecdb963156e93493a"}
{"graf": [[223, "Location", "location", "NN", 1, 12154], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 12155], [0, "An", "an", "DT", 0, 12156], [1731, "unproductive", "unproductive", "JJ", 1, 12157], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 12158], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 12159], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12160], [86, "Northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 12161], [1732, "Fennoscandia", "fennoscandia", "NNP", 1, 12162], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12163]], "id": "0", "sha1": "15b075243dbebdb5e1dc33304e333cdd8afd488a"}
{"graf": [[452, "Methods", "method", "NNS", 1, 12164], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 12165], [0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 12166], [228, "designed", "design", "VBD", 1, 12167], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 12168], [1590, "factorial", "factorial", "JJ", 1, 12169], [1733, "phytotron", "phytotron", "NN", 1, 12170], [93, "experiment", "experiment", "NN", 1, 12171], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 12172], [1568, "monitor", "monitor", "VB", 1, 12173], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12174], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 12175], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12176], [1451, "seedlings", "seedling", "NNS", 1, 12177], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12178], [0, "two", "two", "CD", 0, 12179], [1734, "herbaceous", "herbaceous", "JJ", 1, 12180], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 12181], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12182], [845, "undisturbed", "undisturbed", "JJ", 1, 12183], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12184], [1735, "disturbed", "disturbed", "JJ", 1, 12185], [1726, "humus", "humus", "NN", 1, 12186], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12187], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12188], [921, "dominant", "dominant", "JJ", 1, 12189], [345, "dwarf", "dwarf", "NN", 1, 12190], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 12191], [1724, "Empetrum", "empetrum", "NNP", 1, 12192], [1725, "hermaphroditum", "hermaphroditum", "NN", 1, 12193], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12194], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 12195], [1072, "releases", "release", "VBZ", 1, 12196], [1723, "allelopathic", "allelopathic", "JJ", 1, 12197], [1736, "substances", "substance", "NNS", 1, 12198], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 12199], [304, "accumulate", "accumulate", "VBP", 1, 12200], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12201], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 12202], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 12203], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 12204], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12205]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8792ab862c834ed059040acc75b2d67da0f501bd"}
{"graf": [[1737, "Herbivore", "herbivore", "NNP", 1, 12206], [1738, "defecation", "defecation", "NN", 1, 12207], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12208], [1739, "wildfire", "wildfire", "NN", 1, 12209], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 12210], [0, "two", "two", "CD", 0, 12211], [117, "major", "major", "JJ", 1, 12212], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 12213], [147, "disturbances", "disturbance", "NNS", 1, 12214], [920, "likely", "likely", "JJ", 1, 12215], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 12216], [1728, "alleviate", "alleviate", "VB", 1, 12217], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 12218], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12219], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 12220], [1723, "allelopathic", "allelopathic", "JJ", 1, 12221], [1736, "substances", "substance", "NNS", 1, 12222], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12223]], "id": "0", "sha1": "1b8f992cc7705f315fc591625ff20059a3ade1ab"}
{"graf": [[1726, "Humus", "humus", "NN", 1, 12224], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12225], [1740, "seeds", "seed", "NNS", 1, 12226], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12227], [1734, "herbaceous", "herbaceous", "JJ", 1, 12228], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 12229], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 12230], [1184, "sampled", "sample", "VBN", 1, 12231], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 12232], [1741, "Empetrum-dominated", "empetrum-dominate", "NNP", 1, 12233], [1742, "heaths", "heath", "NNS", 1, 12234], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12235]], "id": "0", "sha1": "7944efc41b7b3a75fa084034bd3e33043b556f73"}
{"graf": [[147, "Disturbance", "disturbance", "NN", 1, 12236], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 12237], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 12238], [1726, "humus", "humus", "NN", 1, 12239], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 12240], [1743, "simulated", "simulate", "VBN", 1, 12241], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 12242], [1744, "adding", "add", "VBG", 1, 12243], [810, "reindeer", "reindeer", "NN", 1, 12244], [1745, "faeces", "faece", "NNS", 1, 12245], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12246], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 12247], [1746, "low-severity", "low-severity", "JJ", 1, 12248], [1747, "burning", "burning", "NN", 1, 12249], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12250]], "id": "0", "sha1": "3c23ce6231b0ad65cfdd3d5ee6b086eb66685a8d"}
{"graf": [[55, "Results", "result", "NNS", 1, 12251], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 12252]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d575e92f6e78dfc9ee7b6d9f6680fd8e354625d8"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 12253], [301, "concentration", "concentration", "NN", 1, 12254], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12255], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12256], [1723, "allelopathic", "allelopathic", "JJ", 1, 12257], [1736, "substance", "substance", "NN", 1, 12258], [1748, "batatasin-III", "batatasin-iii", "NN", 1, 12259], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12260], [1724, "Empetrum", "empetrum", "NNP", 1, 12261], [1726, "humus", "humus", "NN", 1, 12262], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 12263], [1749, "0.32\u00b10.16", "0.32\u00b10.16", "NNP", 1, 12264], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 12265], [1750, "SE", "se", "NNP", 1, 12266], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 12267], [0, "\u03bcg", "\u03bcg", "IN", 0, 12268], [1751, "g-1", "g-1", "NN", 1, 12269], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12270], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 12271], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 12272], [33, "similar", "similar", "JJ", 1, 12273], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 12274], [1372, "previous", "previous", "JJ", 1, 12275], [799, "reports", "report", "NNS", 1, 12276], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 12277], [102, "boreal", "boreal", "JJ", 1, 12278], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 12279], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12280]], "id": "0", "sha1": "99d8289fbb6c4482d5f046c5c6d08286af40a75d"}
{"graf": [[810, "Reindeer", "reindeer", "NNP", 1, 12281], [1745, "faeces", "faece", "NNS", 1, 12282], [229, "addition", "addition", "NN", 1, 12283], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12284], [1477, "burning", "burn", "VBG", 1, 12285], [239, "treatments", "treatment", "NNS", 1, 12286], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 12287], [1724, "Empetrum", "empetrum", "NNP", 1, 12288], [1726, "humus", "humus", "NN", 1, 12289], [257, "caused", "cause", "VBD", 1, 12290], [1752, "three-", "three-", "NN", 1, 12291], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12292], [0, "five-fold", "five-fold", "CD", 0, 12293], [139, "increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 12294], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12295], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 12296], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12297], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12298], [1734, "herbaceous", "herbaceous", "JJ", 1, 12299], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 12300], [1753, "Avenella", "avenella", "NNP", 1, 12301], [1754, "flexuosa", "flexuosa", "NN", 1, 12302], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12303], [1755, "Solidago", "solidago", "NNP", 1, 12304], [1756, "virgaurea", "virgaurea", "NN", 1, 12305], [0, "respectively", "respectively", "RB", 0, 12306], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12307]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d88f6b8c52f9568f079f10e1f130fe644dd0d6c2"}
{"graf": [[121, "Changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 12308], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12309], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 12310], [1757, "chemistry", "chemistry", "NN", 1, 12311], [257, "caused", "cause", "VBN", 1, 12312], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 12313], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12314], [147, "disturbance", "disturbance", "NN", 1, 12315], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12316], [0, "i.e.", "i.e.", "FW", 0, 12317], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBD", 1, 12318], [480, "pH", "ph", "NNS", 1, 12319], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12320], [559, "nutrient", "nutrient", "JJ", 1, 12321], [142, "availability", "availability", "NN", 1, 12322], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12323], [0, "likely", "likely", "RB", 0, 12324], [1727, "interfered", "interfere", "VBN", 1, 12325], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 12326], [1723, "allelopathic", "allelopathic", "JJ", 1, 12327], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 12328], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12329], [916, "improved", "improve", "VBN", 1, 12330], [36, "conditions", "condition", "NNS", 1, 12331], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 12332], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 12333], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12334]], "id": "0", "sha1": "05b5de00e9ab25d7dd7ac7fc9d2e62c855ddc6a8"}
{"graf": [[507, "Conclusions", "conclusion", "NNS", 1, 12335], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 12336], [1726, "Humus", "humus", "NN", 1, 12337], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 12338], [1741, "Empetrum-dominated", "empetrum-dominate", "NNP", 1, 12339], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 12340], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 12341], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 12342], [1290, "infertile", "infertile", "JJ", 1, 12343], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 12344], [1451, "seedlings", "seedling", "NNS", 1, 12345], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12346], [65, "local", "local", "JJ", 1, 12347], [1734, "herbaceous", "herbaceous", "JJ", 1, 12348], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 12349], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12350]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d3cbcf3f4deb139bb4b61469355acb527af85836"}
{"graf": [[1743, "Simulated", "simulate", "VBN", 1, 12351], [1737, "herbivore", "herbivore", "NN", 1, 12352], [1738, "defecation", "defecation", "NN", 1, 12353], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12354], [1739, "wildfire", "wildfire", "NN", 1, 12355], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 12356], [1728, "alleviate", "alleviate", "VB", 1, 12357], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 12358], [1758, "infertility", "infertility", "NN", 1, 12359], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12360]], "id": "0", "sha1": "da520dd6f2d70665751f75246593066e9aef5a43"}
{"graf": [[226, "Based", "base", "VBN", 1, 12361], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 12362], [0, "our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 12363], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 12364], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12365], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 12366], [1759, "discuss", "discus", "VBP", 1, 12367], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12368], [313, "potential", "potential", "JJ", 1, 12369], [153, "role", "role", "NN", 1, 12370], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12371], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 12372], [0, "naturally", "naturally", "RB", 0, 12373], [1760, "occurring", "occurring", "JJ", 1, 12374], [147, "disturbances", "disturbance", "NNS", 1, 12375], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12376], [1761, "switching", "switch", "VBG", 1, 12377], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 12378], [123, "composition", "composition", "NN", 1, 12379], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 12380], [1724, "Empetrum", "empetrum", "NNP", 1, 12381], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 12382], [1734, "herbaceous", "herbaceous", "JJ", 1, 12383], [941, "dominance", "dominance", "NN", 1, 12384], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12385], [0, "i.e.", "i.e.", "FW", 0, 12386], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 12387], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 12388], [1731, "unproductive", "unproductive", "JJ", 1, 12389], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 12390], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 12391], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 12392], [1730, "productive", "productive", "JJ", 1, 12393], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 12394], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 12395], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12396]], "id": "0", "sha1": "3b19b3cc47133b1e74ad178be1070b710733826a"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 12397], [0, "2010", "2010", "CD", 0, 12398], [237, "International", "international", "NNP", 1, 12399], [3, "Association", "association", "NNP", 1, 12400], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 12401], [357, "Vegetation", "vegetation", "NNP", 1, 12402], [1069, "Science", "science", "NNP", 1, 12403], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 12404], [556, "Regional", "regional", "NNP", 1, 12405], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12406], [1762, "landscape-scale", "landscape-scale", "NN", 1, 12407], [388, "variability", "variability", "NN", 1, 12408], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12409], [1763, "Landsat-observed", "landsat-observe", "NNP", 1, 12410], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 12411], [525, "dynamics", "dynamic", "NNS", 1, 12412], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12413], [785, "northwest", "northwest", "JJ", 1, 12414], [820, "Siberian", "siberian", "JJ", 1, 12415], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 12416], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12417]], "id": "0", "sha1": "cd3a478583271775c1e197a58bb9bb7927875ad4"}
{"graf": [[199, "Widespread", "widespread", "JJ", 1, 12418], [139, "increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 12419], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12420], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 12421], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 12422], [540, "productivity", "productivity", "NN", 1, 12423], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 12424], [9, "been", "be", "VBN", 1, 12425], [529, "documented", "document", "VBN", 1, 12426], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 12427], [195, "decades", "decade", "NNS", 1, 12428], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 12429], [992, "coarse-scale", "coarse-scale", "JJ", 1, 12430], [539, "satellite", "satellite", "NN", 1, 12431], [216, "observations", "observation", "NNS", 1, 12432], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12433], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 12434], [1764, "finer-scale", "finer-scale", "JJ", 1, 12435], [216, "observations", "observation", "NNS", 1, 12436], [56, "indicate", "indicate", "VBP", 1, 12437], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 12438], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 12439], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 12440], [9, "been", "be", "VBN", 1, 12441], [0, "very", "very", "RB", 0, 12442], [1765, "uneven", "uneven", "JJ", 1, 12443], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12444], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 12445], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 12446], [180, "high", "high", "JJ", 1, 12447], [576, "degree", "degree", "NN", 1, 12448], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12449], [1766, "landscape-", "landscape-", "JJ", 1, 12450], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12451], [1767, "regional-scale", "regional-scale", "JJ", 1, 12452], [164, "heterogeneity", "heterogeneity", "NN", 1, 12453], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12454]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b847347dd7ae528152ede6b9d1a537800583b833"}
{"graf": [[0, "Here", "here", "RB", 0, 12455], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 12456], [778, "analyze", "analyze", "VBP", 1, 12457], [1768, "time-series", "time-series", "NN", 1, 12458], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12459], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12460], [355, "Normalized", "normalized", "NNP", 1, 12461], [356, "Difference", "difference", "NNP", 1, 12462], [357, "Vegetation", "vegetation", "NNP", 1, 12463], [358, "Index", "index", "NNP", 1, 12464], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 12465], [991, "NDVI", "ndvi", "NNP", 1, 12466], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 12467], [244, "observed", "observe", "VBN", 1, 12468], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 12469], [1471, "Landsat", "landsat", "NNP", 1, 12470], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 12471], [0, "1984", "1984", "CD", 0, 12472], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 12473], [0, "2012", "2012", "CD", 0, 12474], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 12475], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12476], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 12477], [90, "assess", "assess", "VB", 1, 12478], [1766, "landscape-", "landscape-", "JJ", 1, 12479], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12480], [1767, "regional-scale", "regional-scale", "JJ", 1, 12481], [388, "variability", "variability", "NN", 1, 12482], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12483], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 12484], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 12485], [525, "dynamics", "dynamic", "NNS", 1, 12486], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12487], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12488], [785, "northwest", "northwest", "JJ", 1, 12489], [820, "Siberian", "siberian", "NNP", 1, 12490], [203, "Low", "low", "NNP", 1, 12491], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 12492], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12493], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 12494], [1769, "little-studied", "little-studied", "JJ", 1, 12495], [183, "region", "region", "NN", 1, 12496], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 12497], [1770, "varied", "varied", "JJ", 1, 12498], [167, "soils", "soil", "NNS", 1, 12499], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12500], [477, "landscape", "landscape", "NN", 1, 12501], [636, "histories", "history", "NNS", 1, 12502], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12503], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12504], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "JJ", 1, 12505], [543, "attributes", "attribute", "NNS", 1, 12506], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12507]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b694f95ef6c10dfca57a43dab64f6bba56adfebe"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 12508], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 12509], [113, "estimate", "estimate", "VBP", 1, 12510], [1771, "spatio-temporal", "spatio-temporal", "NN", 1, 12511], [115, "rates", "rate", "NNS", 1, 12512], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12513], [1772, "land-cover", "land-cover", "NN", 1, 12514], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 12515], [430, "associated", "associate", "VBN", 1, 12516], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 12517], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 12518], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12519], [761, "tall", "tall", "JJ", 1, 12520], [343, "alder", "alder", "NN", 1, 12521], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 12522], [1019, "Alnus", "alnus", "NNP", 1, 12523], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 12524], [492, "shrublands", "shrubland", "NNS", 1, 12525], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12526], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 12527], [316, "integrating", "integrate", "VBG", 1, 12528], [1471, "Landsat", "landsat", "NNP", 1, 12529], [1768, "time-series", "time-series", "NN", 1, 12530], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 12531], [0, "very-high-resolution", "very-high-resolution", "RB", 0, 12532], [1239, "imagery", "imagery", "NN", 1, 12533], [634, "dating", "date", "VBG", 1, 12534], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 12535], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12536], [1256, "mid-1960s", "mid-1960", "NNS", 1, 12537], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12538]], "id": "0", "sha1": "91444c63e3db5640f2d41c7fca4e8394ab25e314"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 12539], [1773, "compiled", "compile", "VBD", 1, 12540], [1471, "Landsat", "landsat", "NNP", 1, 12541], [1768, "time-series", "time-series", "NN", 1, 12542], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 12543], [0, "eleven", "eleven", "CD", 0, 12544], [0, "widely-distributed", "widely-distributed", "RB", 0, 12545], [477, "landscapes", "landscape", "NNS", 1, 12546], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12547], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12548], [1774, "performed", "perform", "VBN", 1, 12549], [624, "linear", "linear", "JJ", 1, 12550], [930, "regression", "regression", "NN", 1, 12551], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12552], [991, "NDVI", "ndvi", "NNP", 1, 12553], [1111, "values", "value", "NNS", 1, 12554], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 12555], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 12556], [1775, "per-pixel", "per-pixel", "NN", 1, 12557], [1015, "basis", "basis", "NN", 1, 12558], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12559]], "id": "0", "sha1": "52ea3b32eea23f4a0568e589d0d96ef5a27150b8"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 12560], [338, "found", "find", "VBD", 1, 12561], [572, "positive", "positive", "JJ", 1, 12562], [309, "net", "net", "JJ", 1, 12563], [991, "NDVI", "ndvi", "NNP", 1, 12564], [387, "trends", "trend", "NNS", 1, 12565], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 12566], [0, "'", "'", ".", 0, 12567], [776, "greening", "greening", "NN", 1, 12568], [0, "'", "'", ".", 0, 12569], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 12570], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12571], [0, "nine", "nine", "CD", 0, 12572], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12573], [0, "eleven", "eleven", "CD", 0, 12574], [477, "landscapes", "landscape", "NNS", 1, 12575], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12576]], "id": "0", "sha1": "31225e2c555e17d9076db70c81b1140f6c8c25dd"}
{"graf": [[309, "Net", "net", "JJ", 1, 12577], [776, "greening", "greening", "NN", 1, 12578], [791, "occurred", "occur", "VBN", 1, 12579], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12580], [343, "alder", "alder", "NN", 1, 12581], [492, "shrublands", "shrubland", "NNS", 1, 12582], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12583], [0, "all", "all", "DT", 0, 12584], [477, "landscapes", "landscape", "NNS", 1, 12585], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12586], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12587], [427, "strong", "strong", "JJ", 1, 12588], [776, "greening", "greening", "NN", 1, 12589], [390, "tended", "tend", "VBD", 1, 12590], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 12591], [1610, "correspond", "correspond", "VB", 1, 12592], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 12593], [492, "shrublands", "shrubland", "NNS", 1, 12594], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 12595], [997, "developed", "develop", "VBD", 1, 12596], [0, "since", "since", "IN", 0, 12597], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12598], [1227, "1960s", "1960", "NNS", 1, 12599], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12600]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b9ae9adc5e79df96b7fa01d3fdcd71015b824477"}
{"graf": [[750, "Much", "much", "JJ", 1, 12601], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12602], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12603], [2, "spatial", "spatial", "JJ", 1, 12604], [388, "variability", "variability", "NN", 1, 12605], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12606], [776, "greening", "greening", "NN", 1, 12607], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 12608], [477, "landscapes", "landscape", "NNS", 1, 12609], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 12610], [748, "linked", "link", "VBN", 1, 12611], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 12612], [477, "landscape", "landscape", "NN", 1, 12613], [1057, "physiography", "physiography", "NN", 1, 12614], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12615], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "JJ", 1, 12616], [543, "attributes", "attribute", "NNS", 1, 12617], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12618], [0, "while", "while", "IN", 0, 12619], [0, "between-landscape", "between-landscape", "IN", 0, 12620], [388, "variability", "variability", "NN", 1, 12621], [0, "largely", "largely", "RB", 0, 12622], [1610, "corresponded", "correspond", "VBD", 1, 12623], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 12624], [356, "differences", "difference", "NNS", 1, 12625], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12626], [1776, "surficial", "surficial", "JJ", 1, 12627], [1777, "geology", "geology", "NN", 1, 12628], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12629]], "id": "0", "sha1": "93c4ae0913dd3cdb0cd1329b11d0e1288bc7ab04"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 12630], [1257, "conclude", "conclude", "VBP", 1, 12631], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 12632], [370, "continued", "continue", "VBN", 1, 12633], [139, "increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 12634], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12635], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 12636], [540, "productivity", "productivity", "NN", 1, 12637], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12638], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12639], [183, "region", "region", "NN", 1, 12640], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 12641], [920, "likely", "likely", "JJ", 1, 12642], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12643], [797, "upland", "upland", "JJ", 1, 12644], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 12645], [477, "landscapes", "landscape", "NNS", 1, 12646], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 12647], [1778, "fine-textured", "fine-textured", "JJ", 1, 12648], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12649], [1779, "cryoturbated", "cryoturbated", "JJ", 1, 12650], [167, "soils", "soil", "NNS", 1, 12651], [0, ";", ";", ".", 0, 12652], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 12653], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 12654], [0, "currently", "currently", "RB", 0, 12655], [390, "tend", "tend", "VBP", 1, 12656], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 12657], [657, "support", "support", "VB", 1, 12658], [1780, "discontinuous", "discontinuous", "JJ", 1, 12659], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 12660], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 12661], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12662], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 12663], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 12664], [0, "highly", "highly", "RB", 0, 12665], [868, "susceptible", "susceptible", "JJ", 1, 12666], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 12667], [245, "rapid", "rapid", "JJ", 1, 12668], [139, "increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 12669], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12670], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 12671], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 12672], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12673], [0, "as", "as", "RB", 0, 12674], [0, "well", "well", "RB", 0, 12675], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 12676], [1772, "land-cover", "land-cover", "NN", 1, 12677], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 12678], [430, "associated", "associate", "VBN", 1, 12679], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 12680], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12681], [859, "development", "development", "NN", 1, 12682], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12683], [761, "tall", "tall", "JJ", 1, 12684], [492, "shrublands", "shrubland", "NNS", 1, 12685], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12686]], "id": "0", "sha1": "5e607bf6f1db3803607c1f00917e0cf2d1767dd0"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 12687], [0, "2014", "2014", "CD", 0, 12688], [573, "IOP", "iop", "NNP", 1, 12689], [379, "Publishing", "publishing", "NNP", 1, 12690], [380, "Ltd", "ltd", "NNP", 1, 12691], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 12692], [296, "Biomass", "biomass", "NNP", 1, 12693], [1781, "allometry", "allometry", "NN", 1, 12694], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 12695], [343, "alder", "alder", "NN", 1, 12696], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12697], [345, "dwarf", "dwarf", "NN", 1, 12698], [346, "birch", "birch", "NN", 1, 12699], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12700], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12701], [344, "willow", "willow", "JJ", 1, 12702], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12703], [102, "boreal", "boreal", "JJ", 1, 12704], [105, "forest", "forest", "NN", 1, 12705], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12706], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 12707], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 12708], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12709], [0, "far", "far", "RB", 0, 12710], [1481, "northeastern", "northeastern", "JJ", 1, 12711], [794, "Siberia", "siberia", "NNP", 1, 12712], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12713], [0, "north-central", "north-central", "RB", 0, 12714], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 12715], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12716]], "id": "0", "sha1": "df828a99ba392b9857481d2db705db9b3f7a32db"}
{"graf": [[207, "Shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 12717], [151, "play", "play", "VBP", 1, 12718], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 12719], [192, "important", "important", "JJ", 1, 12720], [205, "ecological", "ecological", "JJ", 1, 12721], [153, "role", "role", "NN", 1, 12722], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12723], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12724], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 12725], [103, "system", "system", "NN", 1, 12726], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12727], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12728], [0, "there", "there", "EX", 0, 12729], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 12730], [91, "evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 12731], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 12732], [265, "many", "many", "JJ", 1, 12733], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 12734], [183, "regions", "region", "NNS", 1, 12735], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12736], [251, "deciduous", "deciduous", "JJ", 1, 12737], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 12738], [139, "increasing", "increase", "VBG", 1, 12739], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12740], [625, "size", "size", "NN", 1, 12741], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12742], [822, "expanding", "expand", "VBG", 1, 12743], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 12744], [0, "previously", "previously", "RB", 0, 12745], [1782, "forb", "forb", "JJ", 1, 12746], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 12747], [1783, "graminoid-dominated", "graminoid-dominated", "JJ", 1, 12748], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 12749], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12750]], "id": "0", "sha1": "620aebee8c6ba71ff5f2d7e38757363429ec4c4e"}
{"graf": [[0, "There", "there", "EX", 0, 12751], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 12752], [0, "thus", "thus", "RB", 0, 12753], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 12754], [524, "pressing", "press", "VBG", 1, 12755], [178, "need", "need", "NN", 1, 12756], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 12757], [0, "accurately", "accurately", "RB", 0, 12758], [825, "quantify", "quantify", "VB", 1, 12759], [556, "regional", "regional", "JJ", 1, 12760], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12761], [409, "temporal", "temporal", "JJ", 1, 12762], [631, "variation", "variation", "NN", 1, 12763], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12764], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 12765], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 12766], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12767], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 12768], [183, "regions", "region", "NNS", 1, 12769], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12770], [0, "yet", "yet", "CC", 0, 12771], [1784, "allometric", "allometric", "JJ", 1, 12772], [1785, "equations", "equation", "NNS", 1, 12773], [178, "needed", "need", "VBN", 1, 12774], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 12775], [17, "deriving", "derive", "VBG", 1, 12776], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 12777], [113, "estimates", "estimate", "NNS", 1, 12778], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 12779], [92, "field", "field", "NN", 1, 12780], [754, "surveys", "survey", "NNS", 1, 12781], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 12782], [1786, "rare", "rare", "JJ", 1, 12783], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12784]], "id": "0", "sha1": "1d5eb65ab084c5f653be7104896a1c8f557361e7"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 12785], [997, "developed", "develop", "VBD", 1, 12786], [0, "66", "66", "CD", 0, 12787], [1784, "allometric", "allometric", "JJ", 1, 12788], [1785, "equations", "equation", "NNS", 1, 12789], [718, "relating", "relate", "VBG", 1, 12790], [1787, "basal", "basal", "NN", 1, 12791], [837, "diameter", "diameter", "NN", 1, 12792], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 12793], [1788, "BD", "bd", "NNP", 1, 12794], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 12795], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 12796], [1064, "various", "various", "JJ", 1, 12797], [989, "aboveground", "aboveground", "NN", 1, 12798], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 12799], [59, "characteristics", "characteristic", "NNS", 1, 12800], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 12801], [0, "three", "three", "CD", 0, 12802], [761, "tall", "tall", "JJ", 1, 12803], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12804], [251, "deciduous", "deciduous", "JJ", 1, 12805], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 12806], [1020, "genera", "genera", "NN", 1, 12807], [246, "growing", "grow", "VBG", 1, 12808], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12809], [102, "boreal", "boreal", "NN", 1, 12810], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12811], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 12812], [111, "ecoregions", "ecoregion", "NNS", 1, 12813], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12814], [0, "far", "far", "RB", 0, 12815], [1481, "northeastern", "northeastern", "JJ", 1, 12816], [794, "Siberia", "siberia", "NNP", 1, 12817], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 12818], [1242, "Yakutia", "yakutia", "NNP", 1, 12819], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 12820], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12821], [1789, "north-central", "north-central", "JJ", 1, 12822], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 12823], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12824]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b99b052c11f0e432522d2b8ab6cf0ba01554719e"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 12825], [718, "related", "relate", "VBD", 1, 12826], [1788, "BD", "bd", "NNP", 1, 12827], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 12828], [78, "plant", "plant", "VB", 1, 12829], [249, "height", "height", "NN", 1, 12830], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12831], [1191, "stem", "stem", "NN", 1, 12832], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12833], [1790, "branch", "branch", "NN", 1, 12834], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12835], [289, "new", "new", "JJ", 1, 12836], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 12837], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 12838], [1791, "leaves+new", "leaves+new", "JJ", 1, 12839], [1792, "twigs", "twig", "NNS", 1, 12840], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 12841], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12842], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12843], [482, "total", "total", "JJ", 1, 12844], [989, "aboveground", "aboveground", "NN", 1, 12845], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 12846], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 12847], [343, "alder", "alder", "NN", 1, 12848], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 12849], [1019, "Alnus", "alnus", "NNP", 1, 12850], [1187, "viridis", "viridis", "NNP", 1, 12851], [1793, "subsp", "subsp", "NN", 1, 12852], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12853]], "id": "0", "sha1": "75c63760ee64436b7d5cd3b0c4df848ce131ca5e"}
{"graf": [[1794, "crispa", "crispa", "NN", 1, 12854], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12855], [1019, "Alnus", "alnus", "NNP", 1, 12856], [1189, "fruticosa", "fruticosa", "NN", 1, 12857], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 12858], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12859], [345, "dwarf", "dwarf", "NN", 1, 12860], [346, "birch", "birch", "NN", 1, 12861], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 12862], [826, "Betula", "betula", "NNP", 1, 12863], [827, "nana", "nana", "NNP", 1, 12864], [1793, "subsp", "subsp", "NN", 1, 12865], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12866], [1795, "exilis", "exilis", "NN", 1, 12867], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12868], [1796, "divaricata", "divaricata", "NN", 1, 12869], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 12870], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12871], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12872], [344, "willow", "willow", "JJ", 1, 12873], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 12874], [781, "Salix", "salix", "NNP", 1, 12875], [1797, "spp", "spp", "NNP", 1, 12876], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12877], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 12878], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12879]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b6e80cbdcc371591092c200d044fa7883f074a08"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 12880], [1785, "equations", "equation", "NNS", 1, 12881], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 12882], [226, "based", "base", "VBN", 1, 12883], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 12884], [233, "measurements", "measurement", "NNS", 1, 12885], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12886], [0, "358", "358", "CD", 0, 12887], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 12888], [1798, "harvested", "harvest", "VBN", 1, 12889], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 12890], [0, "33", "33", "CD", 0, 12891], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 12892], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12893]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2679770efd4737260df363786a1cdc8fddb0eef7"}
{"graf": [[78, "Plant", "plant", "JJ", 1, 12894], [249, "height", "height", "NN", 1, 12895], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 12896], [1799, "r2=0.48", "r2=0.48", "NN", 1, 12897], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 12898], [0, "0.95", "0.95", "CD", 0, 12899], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 12900], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12901], [482, "total", "total", "JJ", 1, 12902], [989, "aboveground", "aboveground", "NN", 1, 12903], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 12904], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 12905], [1800, "r2=0.46-0.99", "r2=0.46-0.99", "NNP", 1, 12906], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 12907], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12908], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12909], [716, "component", "component", "NN", 1, 12910], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 12911], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 12912], [1801, "r2=0.13-0.99", "r2=0.13-0.99", "NNP", 1, 12913], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 12914], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 12915], [0, "significantly", "significantly", "RB", 0, 12916], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 12917], [1802, "P<0.01", "p<0.01", "NNP", 1, 12918], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 12919], [1022, "related", "related", "JJ", 1, 12920], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 12921], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 12922], [1788, "BD", "bd", "NNP", 1, 12923], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12924]], "id": "0", "sha1": "fff42c102088e163e75029b7dbfd674ddf09e58d"}
{"graf": [[343, "Alder", "alder", "NNP", 1, 12925], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12926], [344, "willow", "willow", "JJ", 1, 12927], [666, "populations", "population", "NNS", 1, 12928], [630, "exhibited", "exhibit", "VBD", 1, 12929], [356, "differences", "difference", "NNS", 1, 12930], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 12931], [1784, "allometric", "allometric", "JJ", 1, 12932], [725, "relationships", "relationship", "NNS", 1, 12933], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 12934], [111, "ecoregions", "ecoregion", "NNS", 1, 12935], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 12936], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 12937], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 12938], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 12939], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 12940], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12941], [1538, "case", "case", "NN", 1, 12942], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 12943], [345, "dwarf", "dwarf", "NN", 1, 12944], [346, "birch", "birch", "NN", 1, 12945], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12946]], "id": "0", "sha1": "9fb46d7dbe76de7a94e652458e863c89df64071f"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 12947], [1784, "allometric", "allometric", "JJ", 1, 12948], [725, "relationships", "relationship", "NNS", 1, 12949], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 12950], [997, "developed", "develop", "VBD", 1, 12951], [263, "provide", "provide", "VB", 1, 12952], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 12953], [1803, "tool", "tool", "NN", 1, 12954], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 12955], [315, "researchers", "researcher", "NNS", 1, 12956], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12957], [892, "land", "land", "NN", 1, 12958], [1804, "managers", "manager", "NNS", 1, 12959], [746, "seeking", "seek", "VBG", 1, 12960], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 12961], [0, "better", "better", "RBR", 0, 12962], [825, "quantify", "quantify", "VB", 1, 12963], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12964], [1568, "monitor", "monitor", "VB", 1, 12965], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12966], [305, "form", "form", "NN", 1, 12967], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 12968], [374, "function", "function", "NN", 1, 12969], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 12970], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 12971], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 12972], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 12973], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 12974], [477, "landscape", "landscape", "NN", 1, 12975], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 12976]], "id": "0", "sha1": "09d568b0394ef3ef761a036b344412fe37563a70"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 12977], [0, "2014", "2014", "CD", 0, 12978], [1492, "Elsevier", "elsevier", "NNP", 1, 12979], [1805, "B.V", "b.v", "NNP", 1, 12980], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 12981], [218, "Climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 12982], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 12983], [381, "impacts", "impact", "NNS", 1, 12984], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 12985], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 12986], [374, "functioning", "function", "VBG", 1, 12987], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 12988], [91, "Evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 12989], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 12990], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 12991], [1724, "Empetrum", "empetrum", "NNP", 1, 12992], [1806, "heathland.\u2022", "heathland.\u2022", "NN", 1, 12993], [0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 12994], [328, "extent", "extent", "NN", 1, 12995], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 12996], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 12997], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 12998], [1807, "exert", "exert", "VBP", 1, 12999], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 13000], [571, "influence", "influence", "NN", 1, 13001], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 13002], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 13003], [267, "processes", "process", "NNS", 1, 13004], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13005], [132, "such", "such", "JJ", 1, 13006], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 13007], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 13008], [722, "cycling", "cycling", "NN", 1, 13009], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13010], [547, "fire", "fire", "NN", 1, 13011], [544, "regimes", "regime", "NNS", 1, 13012], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13013], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 13014], [0, "still", "still", "RB", 0, 13015], [0, "largely", "largely", "RB", 0, 13016], [1499, "unknown", "unknown", "JJ", 1, 13017], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13018]], "id": "0", "sha1": "5779db2e28af24e4eab52ffe47fe5dafcf562ce3"}
{"graf": [[0, "It", "it", "PRP", 0, 13019], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 13020], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 13021], [1808, "unclear", "unclear", "JJ", 1, 13022], [0, "how", "how", "WRB", 0, 13023], [132, "such", "such", "JJ", 1, 13024], [267, "processes", "process", "NNS", 1, 13025], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 13026], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 13027], [767, "dependent", "dependent", "JJ", 1, 13028], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 13029], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13030], [1809, "prevailing", "prevail", "VBG", 1, 13031], [220, "environmental", "environmental", "JJ", 1, 13032], [36, "conditions", "condition", "NNS", 1, 13033], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13034], [0, "\u2022", "\u2022", ".", 0, 13035]], "id": "0", "sha1": "405d29a4c12cfcaeae24c6d5b4bad450f9693c10"}
{"graf": [[0, "Here", "here", "RB", 0, 13036], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13037], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 13038], [302, "applied", "apply", "VBD", 1, 13039], [919, "mechanistic", "mechanistic", "JJ", 1, 13040], [317, "models", "model", "NNS", 1, 13041], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13042], [1810, "plant-environment", "plant-environment", "NN", 1, 13043], [128, "interactions", "interaction", "NNS", 1, 13044], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 13045], [1811, "palaeoecological", "palaeoecological", "JJ", 1, 13046], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 13047], [946, "series", "series", "NN", 1, 13048], [318, "data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 13049], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 13050], [726, "determine", "determine", "VB", 1, 13051], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13052], [0, "most", "most", "RBS", 0, 13053], [920, "likely", "likely", "JJ", 1, 13054], [707, "functional", "functional", "JJ", 1, 13055], [725, "relationships", "relationship", "NNS", 1, 13056], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13057], [1724, "Empetrum", "empetrum", "NNP", 1, 13058], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 13059], [1812, "crowberry", "crowberry", "NN", 1, 13060], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 13061], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13062], [826, "Betula", "betula", "NNP", 1, 13063], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 13064], [346, "birch", "birch", "NN", 1, 13065], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 13066], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 13067], [1813, "millennial-scale", "millennial-scale", "JJ", 1, 13068], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 13069], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13070], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 13071], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13072], [547, "fire", "fire", "NN", 1, 13073], [549, "activity", "activity", "NN", 1, 13074], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13075], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 13076], [722, "cycling", "cycling", "NN", 1, 13077], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13078], [1737, "herbivore", "herbivore", "NN", 1, 13079], [1117, "density", "density", "NN", 1, 13080], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13081], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 13082], [1814, "Irish", "irish", "JJ", 1, 13083], [1815, "heathland", "heathland", "NN", 1, 13084], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13085]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e464af2f4d5ee468ed8f407a3f18c1e040a91384"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u2022", "\u2022", ".", 0, 13086], [550, "Herbivory", "herbivory", "NN", 1, 13087], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13088], [547, "fire", "fire", "NN", 1, 13089], [549, "activity", "activity", "NN", 1, 13090], [0, "preferentially", "preferentially", "RB", 0, 13091], [840, "removed", "remove", "VBD", 1, 13092], [826, "Betula", "betula", "NNP", 1, 13093], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 13094], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13095], [477, "landscape", "landscape", "NN", 1, 13096], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13097]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d505e6b8b21f79c8a6cfa745aa355d2eb8463323"}
{"graf": [[1724, "Empetrum", "empetrum", "NNP", 1, 13098], [155, "had", "have", "VBD", 1, 13099], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 13100], [572, "positive", "positive", "JJ", 1, 13101], [536, "feedback", "feedback", "NN", 1, 13102], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 13103], [547, "fire", "fire", "NN", 1, 13104], [549, "activity", "activity", "NN", 1, 13105], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13106], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 13107], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13108], [76, "effect", "effect", "NN", 1, 13109], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13110], [826, "Betula", "betula", "NNP", 1, 13111], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 13112], [0, "slightly", "slightly", "RB", 0, 13113], [138, "negative", "negative", "JJ", 1, 13114], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13115]], "id": "0", "sha1": "5432bdeaf4d4587102375fa1f1fc52383d90b9f8"}
{"graf": [[74, "Nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 13116], [722, "cycling", "cycling", "NN", 1, 13117], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 13118], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 13119], [0, "strongly", "strongly", "RB", 0, 13120], [567, "controlled", "control", "VBN", 1, 13121], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 13122], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 13123], [666, "population", "population", "NN", 1, 13124], [525, "dynamics", "dynamic", "NNS", 1, 13125], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13126]], "id": "0", "sha1": "456809564b5397a9dc1acf40a85e39ab2c63be61"}
{"graf": [[826, "Betula", "betula", "NNP", 1, 13127], [155, "had", "have", "VBD", 1, 13128], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 13129], [595, "greater", "greater", "JJR", 1, 13130], [1816, "temperature-dependent", "temperature-dependent", "NN", 1, 13131], [666, "population", "population", "NN", 1, 13132], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 13133], [115, "rate", "rate", "NN", 1, 13134], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 13135], [1724, "Empetrum", "empetrum", "NNP", 1, 13136], [0, ";", ";", ".", 0, 13137], [0, "thus", "thus", "RB", 0, 13138], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 13139], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 13140], [515, "promoted", "promote", "VBD", 1, 13141], [826, "Betula", "betula", "NNP", 1, 13142], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 13143], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 13144], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13145], [1815, "heathland", "heathland", "NN", 1, 13146], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13147], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 13148], [129, "led", "lead", "VBD", 1, 13149], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 13150], [165, "reduced", "reduce", "VBN", 1, 13151], [547, "fire", "fire", "NN", 1, 13152], [549, "activity", "activity", "NN", 1, 13153], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13154], [595, "greater", "greater", "JJR", 1, 13155], [550, "herbivory", "herbivory", "NN", 1, 13156], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13157], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 13158], [0, "further", "further", "RB", 0, 13159], [1817, "reinforced", "reinforce", "VBD", 1, 13160], [826, "Betula", "betula", "NNP", 1, 13161], [941, "dominance", "dominance", "NN", 1, 13162], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13163]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e52c4f81a0b204aea12b8611fc0d9813445809d1"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u2022", "\u2022", ".", 0, 13164]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ecf727ea048d0b4ba81d0cdc94bdc4802f1eb166"}
{"graf": [[356, "Differences", "difference", "NNS", 1, 13165], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13166], [666, "population", "population", "NN", 1, 13167], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 13168], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 13169], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 13170], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 13171], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 13172], [1818, "responsible", "responsible", "JJ", 1, 13173], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 13174], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 13175], [244, "observed", "observe", "VBN", 1, 13176], [1168, "shift", "shift", "NN", 1, 13177], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 13178], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 13179], [1819, "alternative", "alternative", "JJ", 1, 13180], [209, "community", "community", "NN", 1, 13181], [71, "state", "state", "NN", 1, 13182], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 13183], [661, "contrasting", "contrast", "VBG", 1, 13184], [305, "forms", "form", "NNS", 1, 13185], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13186], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 13187], [1596, "functioning", "functioning", "NN", 1, 13188], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13189]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c85f543d569340d037aeadc5536b200ae881d603"}
{"graf": [[1820, "Self-reinforcing", "self-reinforce", "NN", 1, 13190], [536, "feedback", "feedback", "NN", 1, 13191], [108, "mechanisms", "mechanism", "NNS", 1, 13192], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 13193], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 13194], [0, "often", "often", "RB", 0, 13195], [1821, "protect", "protect", "VBP", 1, 13196], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 13197], [209, "communities", "community", "NNS", 1, 13198], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 13199], [1822, "invasion-may", "invasion-may", "NN", 1, 13200], [0, "therefore", "therefore", "RB", 0, 13201], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 13202], [177, "sensitive", "sensitive", "JJ", 1, 13203], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 13204], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 13205], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 13206], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13207], [0, "particularly", "particularly", "RB", 0, 13208], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13209], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 13210], [183, "regions", "region", "NNS", 1, 13211], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 13212], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 13213], [1001, "dominated", "dominate", "VBN", 1, 13214], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 13215], [1823, "cold-adapted", "cold-adapted", "JJ", 1, 13216], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 13217], [666, "populations", "population", "NNS", 1, 13218], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13219]], "id": "0", "sha1": "5d60b158f08814abc5a1a77e711821d93deb3899"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 13220], [0, "2011", "2011", "CD", 0, 13221], [0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 13222], [1380, "Authors", "authors", "NNPS", 1, 13223], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13224]], "id": "0", "sha1": "1c0ced1da441fb6007a963dc72a745118f1db91c"}
{"graf": [[289, "New", "new", "JJ", 1, 13225], [1413, "Phytologist", "phytologist", "NNP", 1, 13226], [0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 13227], [0, "2011", "2011", "CD", 0, 13228], [289, "New", "new", "NNP", 1, 13229], [1413, "Phytologist", "phytologist", "NNP", 1, 13230], [1414, "Trust", "trust", "NNP", 1, 13231], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 13232], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 13233], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 13234], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 13235], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 13236], [991, "NDVI", "ndvi", "NNP", 1, 13237], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13238], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 13239], [738, "albedo", "albedo", "NN", 1, 13240], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13241], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 13242], [1824, "shading", "shading", "NN", 1, 13243], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13244]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f655bd5287f5502f18c17c293da8685774e622da"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 13245], [571, "influence", "influence", "NN", 1, 13246], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13247], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 13248], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 13249], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 13250], [738, "albedo", "albedo", "NN", 1, 13251], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13252], [1825, "latent", "latent", "JJ", 1, 13253], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13254], [1826, "sensible", "sensible", "JJ", 1, 13255], [413, "heat", "heat", "NN", 1, 13256], [414, "fluxes", "flux", "NNS", 1, 13257], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13258], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13259], [833, "active", "active", "JJ", 1, 13260], [584, "layer", "layer", "NN", 1, 13261], [834, "thickness", "thickness", "NN", 1, 13262], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 13263], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 13264], [898, "crucial", "crucial", "JJ", 1, 13265], [748, "link", "link", "NN", 1, 13266], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 13267], [959, "boundary", "boundary", "JJ", 1, 13268], [584, "layer", "layer", "NN", 1, 13269], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 13270], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13271], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "NN", 1, 13272], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13273], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13274], [396, "context", "context", "NN", 1, 13275], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13276], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 13277], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 13278], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13279]], "id": "0", "sha1": "20aed3ebdf9ea96bde03026296e48c6cff3f52df"}
{"graf": [[207, "Shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 13280], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 13281], [9, "been", "be", "VBN", 1, 13282], [244, "observed", "observe", "VBN", 1, 13283], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 13284], [592, "lower", "lower", "VB", 1, 13285], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13286], [738, "albedo", "albedo", "NN", 1, 13287], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 13288], [843, "compared", "compare", "VBN", 1, 13289], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 13290], [255, "lichen", "lichen", "NN", 1, 13291], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 13292], [1827, "graminoid-tundra", "graminoid-tundra", "NN", 1, 13293], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13294]], "id": "0", "sha1": "6a6f5f9adf9c3c3b7496fbaf3fc4c9b5047ec1e8"}
{"graf": [[0, "Despite", "despite", "IN", 0, 13295], [0, "its", "its", "PRP$", 0, 13296], [182, "importance", "importance", "NN", 1, 13297], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13298], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13299], [1828, "quantification", "quantification", "NN", 1, 13300], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13301], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13302], [76, "effect", "effect", "NN", 1, 13303], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13304], [1829, "shrubification", "shrubification", "NN", 1, 13305], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 13306], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 13307], [738, "albedo", "albedo", "NN", 1, 13308], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 13309], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 13310], [9, "been", "be", "VBN", 1, 13311], [397, "addressed", "address", "VBN", 1, 13312], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13313], [750, "much", "much", "JJ", 1, 13314], [884, "detail", "detail", "NN", 1, 13315], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13316]], "id": "0", "sha1": "a7b4d30c26d56739db1efa623fe1b6601e08aad0"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 13317], [1625, "manipulated", "manipulate", "VBD", 1, 13318], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 13319], [1117, "density", "density", "NN", 1, 13320], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13321], [249, "height", "height", "NN", 1, 13322], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13323], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 13324], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 13325], [345, "dwarf", "dwarf", "NN", 1, 13326], [346, "birch", "birch", "NN", 1, 13327], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 13328], [826, "Betula", "betula", "NNP", 1, 13329], [827, "nana", "nana", "NNP", 1, 13330], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 13331], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 13332], [757, "canopy", "canopy", "NN", 1, 13333], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 13334], [319, "test", "test", "VB", 1, 13335], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13336], [76, "effect", "effect", "NN", 1, 13337], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 13338], [1830, "shortwave", "shortwave", "NN", 1, 13339], [1831, "radiative", "radiative", "JJ", 1, 13340], [414, "fluxes", "flux", "NNS", 1, 13341], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13342], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 13343], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13344], [355, "normalized", "normalized", "JJ", 1, 13345], [356, "difference", "difference", "NN", 1, 13346], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 13347], [358, "index", "index", "NN", 1, 13348], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 13349], [991, "NDVI", "ndvi", "NNP", 1, 13350], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 13351], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13352], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 13353], [812, "proxy", "proxy", "NN", 1, 13354], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 13355], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 13356], [540, "productivity", "productivity", "NN", 1, 13357], [4, "used", "use", "VBN", 1, 13358], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13359], [1832, "satellite-based", "satellite-base", "NN", 1, 13360], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 13361], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13362]], "id": "0", "sha1": "743ba8dba6f3d7a0a76d5eb490e22562e8165fc5"}
{"graf": [[0, "Additionally", "additionally", "RB", 0, 13363], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13364], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 13365], [1833, "parametrised", "parametris", "VBD", 1, 13366], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13367], [1834, "validated", "validate", "VBD", 1, 13368], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13369], [1835, "3D", "3d", "NN", 1, 13370], [1831, "radiative", "radiative", "JJ", 1, 13371], [1494, "transfer", "transfer", "NN", 1, 13372], [317, "model", "model", "NN", 1, 13373], [1836, "DART", "dart", "NNP", 1, 13374], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 13375], [1743, "simulate", "simulate", "VB", 1, 13376], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13377], [1628, "amount", "amount", "NN", 1, 13378], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13379], [1837, "solar", "solar", "JJ", 1, 13380], [422, "radiation", "radiation", "NN", 1, 13381], [1054, "reflected", "reflect", "VBN", 1, 13382], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13383], [1838, "transmitted", "transmit", "VBN", 1, 13384], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 13385], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 13386], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 13387], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 13388], [757, "canopy", "canopy", "NN", 1, 13389], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13390]], "id": "0", "sha1": "73b52923777deebfdc0698777f5cbfe307ba02cd"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 13391], [843, "compared", "compare", "VBN", 1, 13392], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 13393], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13394], [317, "model", "model", "NN", 1, 13395], [1839, "runs", "run", "NNS", 1, 13396], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13397], [125, "different", "different", "JJ", 1, 13398], [690, "complexities", "complexity", "NNS", 1, 13399], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 13400], [13, "measured", "measure", "VBN", 1, 13401], [1215, "data", "data", "NN", 1, 13402], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 13403], [1840, "North-East", "north-east", "NNP", 1, 13404], [794, "Siberia", "siberia", "NNP", 1, 13405], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13406]], "id": "0", "sha1": "28d70632a4e185f6f3ae4ab4eded4f7bd916d553"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 13407], [232, "achieved", "achieve", "VBD", 1, 13408], [0, "comparably", "comparably", "RB", 0, 13409], [1841, "good", "good", "JJ", 1, 13410], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 13411], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 13412], [1842, "simple", "simple", "JJ", 1, 13413], [1843, "turbid", "turbid", "JJ", 1, 13414], [1844, "medium", "medium", "JJ", 1, 13415], [454, "approaches", "approach", "NNS", 1, 13416], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13417], [38, "including", "include", "VBG", 1, 13418], [0, "both", "both", "DT", 0, 13419], [1088, "leaf", "leaf", "NN", 1, 13420], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13421], [1790, "branch", "branch", "NN", 1, 13422], [1845, "optical", "optical", "JJ", 1, 13423], [18, "property", "property", "NN", 1, 13424], [1844, "media", "medium", "NNS", 1, 13425], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13426], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13427], [884, "detailed", "detail", "VBN", 1, 13428], [1846, "object", "object", "NN", 1, 13429], [226, "based", "base", "VBN", 1, 13430], [317, "model", "model", "NN", 1, 13431], [1847, "parameterisations", "parameterisation", "NNS", 1, 13432], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13433]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0afb63f796d5a7d73285b1699a9b9ca258659408"}
{"graf": [[0, "It", "it", "PRP", 0, 13434], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 13435], [192, "important", "important", "JJ", 1, 13436], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 13437], [0, "explicitly", "explicitly", "RB", 0, 13438], [1848, "parameterise", "parameterise", "VB", 1, 13439], [1790, "branches", "branch", "NNS", 1, 13440], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 13441], [0, "they", "they", "PRP", 0, 13442], [925, "accounted", "account", "VBD", 1, 13443], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 13444], [0, "up", "up", "IN", 0, 13445], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 13446], [0, "71%", "71%", "CD", 0, 13447], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13448], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13449], [482, "total", "total", "JJ", 1, 13450], [757, "canopy", "canopy", "NN", 1, 13451], [1849, "absorption", "absorption", "NN", 1, 13452], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13453], [0, "thus", "thus", "RB", 0, 13454], [552, "contributed", "contribute", "VBD", 1, 13455], [0, "significantly", "significantly", "RB", 0, 13456], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 13457], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 13458], [1824, "shading", "shading", "NN", 1, 13459], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13460]], "id": "0", "sha1": "9dc75b06d04f37529d11a515f7cd04dee65f22e4"}
{"graf": [[139, "Increasing", "increase", "VBG", 1, 13461], [1088, "leaf", "leaf", "NN", 1, 13462], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 13463], [55, "resulted", "result", "VBD", 1, 13464], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13465], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 13466], [802, "significant", "significant", "JJ", 1, 13467], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 13468], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13469], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13470], [991, "NDVI", "ndvi", "NNP", 1, 13471], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13472], [253, "decrease", "decrease", "NN", 1, 13473], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13474], [1838, "transmitted", "transmit", "VBN", 1, 13475], [0, "photosynthetically", "photosynthetically", "RB", 0, 13476], [833, "active", "active", "JJ", 1, 13477], [422, "radiation", "radiation", "NN", 1, 13478], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13479], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13480], [1850, "repartitioning", "repartitioning", "NN", 1, 13481], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13482], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13483], [1849, "absorption", "absorption", "NN", 1, 13484], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13485], [1830, "shortwave", "shortwave", "NN", 1, 13486], [422, "radiation", "radiation", "NN", 1, 13487], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 13488], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13489], [757, "canopy", "canopy", "NN", 1, 13490], [716, "components", "component", "NNS", 1, 13491], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13492]], "id": "0", "sha1": "1bf037db3d70b7741373e6fa50474b3492e821b9"}
{"graf": [[0, "However", "however", "RB", 0, 13493], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13494], [211, "experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 13495], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13496], [1851, "modelling", "modelling", "JJ", 1, 13497], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 13498], [68, "show", "show", "VBP", 1, 13499], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 13500], [757, "canopy", "canopy", "NN", 1, 13501], [1852, "broadband", "broadband", "NN", 1, 13502], [1853, "nadir", "nadir", "NN", 1, 13503], [1473, "reflectance", "reflectance", "NN", 1, 13504], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13505], [738, "albedo", "albedo", "NN", 1, 13506], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 13507], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 13508], [0, "significantly", "significantly", "RB", 0, 13509], [253, "decreasing", "decrease", "VBG", 1, 13510], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 13511], [139, "increasing", "increase", "VBG", 1, 13512], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 13513], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 13514], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13515]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c6aab544bb1f298af8ab1c0d9f99a13ee4a4fd7a"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 13516], [1257, "conclude", "conclude", "VBP", 1, 13517], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 13518], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13519], [1088, "leaf", "leaf", "NN", 1, 13520], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 13521], [1790, "branch", "branch", "NN", 1, 13522], [1854, "ratio", "ratio", "NN", 1, 13523], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13524], [757, "canopy", "canopy", "NN", 1, 13525], [204, "background", "background", "NN", 1, 13526], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13527], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13528], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 13529], [118, "type", "type", "NN", 1, 13530], [1855, "replaced", "replace", "VBN", 1, 13531], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 13532], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 13533], [854, "need", "ne", "VBP", 1, 13534], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 13535], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 13536], [1856, "considered", "consider", "VBN", 1, 13537], [0, "when", "when", "WRB", 0, 13538], [243, "predicting", "predict", "VBG", 1, 13539], [536, "feedbacks", "feedback", "NNS", 1, 13540], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13541], [1829, "shrubification", "shrubification", "NN", 1, 13542], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 13543], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 13544], [738, "albedo", "albedo", "NN", 1, 13545], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13546], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "JJ", 1, 13547], [546, "thaw", "thaw", "NN", 1, 13548], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13549], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13550], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 13551], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 13552], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13553]], "id": "0", "sha1": "c31960522114e0405c0f386006785d9bbe49824d"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 13554], [0, "2014", "2014", "CD", 0, 13555], [1492, "Elsevier", "elsevier", "NNP", 1, 13556], [1493, "Inc", "inc", "NNP", 1, 13557], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 13558], [76, "Effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 13559], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13560], [962, "observed", "observed", "JJ", 1, 13561], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13562], [211, "experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 13563], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 13564], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 13565], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 13566], [77, "terrestrial", "terrestrial", "JJ", 1, 13567], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 13568], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13569], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 13570], [362, "Canada", "canada", "NNP", 1, 13571], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 13572], [55, "Results", "result", "NNS", 1, 13573], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 13574], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13575], [1857, "Canadian", "canadian", "JJ", 1, 13576], [1858, "IPY", "ipy", "NNP", 1, 13577], [1859, "program", "program", "NN", 1, 13578], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13579]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e7e578f0638f07b67db690e2b250ad21bb948810"}
{"graf": [[213, "Tundra", "tundra", "NNP", 1, 13580], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13581], [793, "taiga", "taiga", "NN", 1, 13582], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 13583], [1860, "comprise", "comprise", "VBP", 1, 13584], [0, "nearly", "nearly", "RB", 0, 13585], [0, "40", "40", "CD", 0, 13586], [0, "%", "%", ".", 0, 13587], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13588], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13589], [77, "terrestrial", "terrestrial", "JJ", 1, 13590], [477, "landscapes", "landscape", "NNS", 1, 13591], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13592], [362, "Canada", "canada", "NNP", 1, 13593], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13594]], "id": "0", "sha1": "57e55e7b46b2ed9b81efd6009204c5f924e0dc70"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 13595], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "JJ", 1, 13596], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 13597], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 13598], [657, "supported", "support", "VBN", 1, 13599], [377, "humans", "human", "NNS", 1, 13600], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 13601], [148, "more", "more", "JJR", 1, 13602], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 13603], [0, "4500", "4500", "CD", 0, 13604], [332, "years", "year", "NNS", 1, 13605], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13606], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13607], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 13608], [0, "currently", "currently", "RB", 0, 13609], [0, "home", "home", "RB", 0, 13610], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 13611], [1861, "ca", "ca", "NN", 1, 13612], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13613]], "id": "0", "sha1": "725b7ff3a41cf26194fd8555250ba11503ae7491"}
{"graf": [[0, "115,000", "115,000", "CD", 0, 13614], [902, "people", "people", "NNS", 1, 13615], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13616], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13617], [1506, "majority", "majority", "NN", 1, 13618], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13619], [0, "whom", "whom", "WP", 0, 13620], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 13621], [156, "First", "first", "NNP", 1, 13622], [1862, "Nations", "nations", "NNPS", 1, 13623], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13624], [1863, "Inuit", "inuit", "NNP", 1, 13625], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13626], [1864, "M\u00e9tis", "m\u00e9tis", "NNP", 1, 13627], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13628]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f26157cd8b80b00f0924fd19d4ad9f27b8948760"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 13629], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 13630], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13631], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 13632], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 13633], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 13634], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13635], [556, "regional", "regional", "JJ", 1, 13636], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 13637], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 13638], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13639], [331, "past", "past", "JJ", 1, 13640], [0, "30", "30", "CD", 0, 13641], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 13642], [0, "50", "50", "CD", 0, 13643], [332, "years", "year", "NNS", 1, 13644], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 13645], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13646], [299, "focus", "focus", "NN", 1, 13647], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13648], [0, "four", "four", "CD", 0, 13649], [1857, "Canadian", "canadian", "JJ", 1, 13650], [1858, "IPY", "ipy", "NN", 1, 13651], [560, "projects", "project", "NNS", 1, 13652], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13653]], "id": "0", "sha1": "314596047f388f72aa4b783f6dcf921c05fd2758"}
{"graf": [[86, "Northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 13654], [865, "residents", "resident", "NNS", 1, 13655], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13656], [315, "researchers", "researcher", "NNS", 1, 13657], [799, "reported", "report", "VBD", 1, 13658], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 13659], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13660], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 13661], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13662], [1029, "weather", "weather", "NN", 1, 13663], [60, "patterns", "pattern", "NNS", 1, 13664], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13665], [691, "noted", "note", "VBD", 1, 13666], [1168, "shifts", "shift", "NNS", 1, 13667], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13668], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 13669], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13670], [131, "other", "other", "JJ", 1, 13671], [220, "environmental", "environmental", "JJ", 1, 13672], [26, "variables", "variable", "NNS", 1, 13673], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13674]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d27c0193c76cc35eb77bb21be964000a5d9958b9"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 13675], [1230, "forest-tundra", "forest-tundra", "NN", 1, 13676], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 13677], [450, "tree", "tree", "NN", 1, 13678], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 13679], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13680], [1865, "reproductive", "reproductive", "JJ", 1, 13681], [1536, "effort", "effort", "NN", 1, 13682], [844, "correlated", "correlate", "VBN", 1, 13683], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 13684], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 13685], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13686], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 13687], [1866, "seedling", "seedl", "VBG", 1, 13688], [1867, "establishment", "establishment", "NN", 1, 13689], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 13690], [0, "often", "often", "RB", 0, 13691], [1868, "hindered", "hinder", "VBN", 1, 13692], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 13693], [131, "other", "other", "JJ", 1, 13694], [1128, "factors", "factor", "NNS", 1, 13695], [55, "resulting", "result", "VBG", 1, 13696], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13697], [150, "site-specific", "site-specific", "NN", 1, 13698], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 13699], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13700]], "id": "0", "sha1": "57448cf776f0d8d179e2cd05da4ee95592445b8d"}
{"graf": [[139, "Increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 13701], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 13702], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 13703], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 13704], [791, "occurred", "occur", "VBN", 1, 13705], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13706], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 13707], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 13708], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13709], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 13710], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 13711], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13712], [351, "plot", "plot", "NN", 1, 13713], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13714], [477, "landscape", "landscape", "NN", 1, 13715], [410, "scale", "scale", "NN", 1, 13716], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13717], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13718], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 13719], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 13720], [657, "supported", "support", "VBN", 1, 13721], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 13722], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 13723], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 13724], [211, "experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 13725], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 13726], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13727]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d9fb2e4d3f17d92eac83e712e77f4233e93e7cb4"}
{"graf": [[211, "Experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 13728], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 13729], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBD", 1, 13730], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 13731], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 13732], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13733], [559, "nutrient", "nutrient", "JJ", 1, 13734], [142, "availability", "availability", "NN", 1, 13735], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13736], [221, "most", "most", "JJS", 1, 13737], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 13738], [167, "soils", "soil", "NNS", 1, 13739], [0, ";", ";", ".", 0, 13740], [0, "however", "however", "RB", 0, 13741], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13742], [1869, "resistance", "resistance", "NN", 1, 13743], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 13744], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 13745], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 13746], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 13747], [338, "found", "find", "VBN", 1, 13748], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13749]], "id": "0", "sha1": "14dfb8b6a97a41a1f0fbfcfac4acbf09558db80d"}
{"graf": [[167, "Soil", "soil", "VB", 1, 13750], [596, "microbial", "microbial", "JJ", 1, 13751], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 13752], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13753], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 13754], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 13755], [0, "no", "no", "RB", 0, 13756], [125, "different", "different", "JJ", 1, 13757], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 13758], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13759], [131, "other", "other", "JJ", 1, 13760], [214, "biomes", "biome", "NNS", 1, 13761], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13762], [0, "although", "although", "IN", 0, 13763], [0, "there", "there", "EX", 0, 13764], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 13765], [1168, "shifts", "shift", "NNS", 1, 13766], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13767], [1497, "mycorrhizal", "mycorrhizal", "JJ", 1, 13768], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 13769], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13770], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 13771], [93, "experiments", "experiment", "NNS", 1, 13772], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13773]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2a4ab45da1dfb3ad43c4544a0557f5354f906ed5"}
{"graf": [[0, "All", "all", "DT", 0, 13774], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 13775], [13, "measured", "measure", "VBN", 1, 13776], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 13777], [1553, "sinks", "sink", "NNS", 1, 13778], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 13779], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 13780], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 13781], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13782], [246, "growing", "grow", "VBG", 1, 13783], [247, "season", "season", "NN", 1, 13784], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13785], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 13786], [327, "expected", "expect", "VBN", 1, 13787], [1870, "seasonal", "seasonal", "JJ", 1, 13788], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13789], [96, "latitudinal", "latitudinal", "JJ", 1, 13790], [60, "patterns", "pattern", "NNS", 1, 13791], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13792]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e19d75adcf26ce18b2f755352cc94b1ce98403c9"}
{"graf": [[317, "Modeled", "model", "VBN", 1, 13793], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 13794], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13795], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 13796], [1597, "mesic", "mesic", "JJ", 1, 13797], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 13798], [103, "system", "system", "NN", 1, 13799], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 13800], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 13801], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 13802], [68, "showed", "show", "VBD", 1, 13803], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 13804], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13805], [1553, "sink", "sink", "NN", 1, 13806], [1048, "status", "status", "NN", 1, 13807], [0, "will", "will", "MD", 0, 13808], [0, "likely", "likely", "RB", 0, 13809], [370, "continue", "continue", "VB", 1, 13810], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 13811], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13812], [1871, "next", "next", "JJ", 1, 13813], [0, "50-100", "50-100", "CD", 0, 13814], [332, "years", "year", "NNS", 1, 13815], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13816], [0, "after", "after", "IN", 0, 13817], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 13818], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 13819], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 13820], [103, "systems", "system", "NNS", 1, 13821], [0, "will", "will", "MD", 0, 13822], [0, "likely", "likely", "RB", 0, 13823], [294, "become", "become", "VB", 1, 13824], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 13825], [309, "net", "net", "JJ", 1, 13826], [1410, "source", "source", "NN", 1, 13827], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13828], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 13829], [277, "dioxide", "dioxide", "NN", 1, 13830], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 13831], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13832], [268, "atmosphere", "atmosphere", "NN", 1, 13833], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13834]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b413f646d89fa583d530031a91d86bfc25c66567"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 13835], [1858, "IPY", "ipy", "NNP", 1, 13836], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 13837], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 13838], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13839], [156, "first", "first", "JJ", 1, 13840], [703, "comprehensive", "comprehensive", "JJ", 1, 13841], [73, "assessment", "assessment", "NN", 1, 13842], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13843], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13844], [71, "state", "state", "NN", 1, 13845], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13846], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 13847], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13848], [1857, "Canadian", "canadian", "JJ", 1, 13849], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 13850], [77, "terrestrial", "terrestrial", "JJ", 1, 13851], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 13852], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13853], [68, "showed", "show", "VBD", 1, 13854], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 13855], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13856], [404, "inherent", "inherent", "JJ", 1, 13857], [388, "variability", "variability", "NN", 1, 13858], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13859], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 13860], [103, "systems", "system", "NNS", 1, 13861], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 13862], [1054, "reflected", "reflect", "VBN", 1, 13863], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13864], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 13865], [150, "site-specific", "site-specific", "NN", 1, 13866], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 13867], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 13868], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 13869], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13870], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 13871], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13872]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ae56714536a24a899f73f57a0cc144dc39a3d282"}
{"graf": [[0, "They", "they", "PRP", 0, 13873], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 13874], [68, "showed", "show", "VBD", 1, 13875], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13876], [182, "importance", "importance", "NN", 1, 13877], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13878], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 13879], [65, "local", "local", "JJ", 1, 13880], [1664, "traditional", "traditional", "JJ", 1, 13881], [697, "knowledge", "knowledge", "NN", 1, 13882], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13883], [1069, "science", "science", "NN", 1, 13884], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13885], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13886], [263, "provided", "provide", "VBN", 1, 13887], [821, "extensive", "extensive", "JJ", 1, 13888], [1215, "data", "data", "NN", 1, 13889], [1059, "sets", "set", "NNS", 1, 13890], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13891], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 13892], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13893], [315, "researchers", "researcher", "NNS", 1, 13894], [178, "needed", "need", "VBD", 1, 13895], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 13896], [39, "study", "study", "VB", 1, 13897], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13898], [1872, "manage", "manage", "VB", 1, 13899], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13900], [1873, "inevitable", "inevitable", "JJ", 1, 13901], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 13902], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13903], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13904], [1857, "Canadian", "canadian", "NNP", 1, 13905], [45, "North", "north", "NNP", 1, 13906], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13907]], "id": "0", "sha1": "4b0231827f9df6021b63719110145f0e183570f0"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 13908], [0, "2012", "2012", "CD", 0, 13909], [0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 13910], [1874, "Author(s)", "author(s)", "NNP", 1, 13911]], "id": "0", "sha1": "47436542bcb16c9c4decd52b69510a6c38033c4e"}
{"graf": [[0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 13912], [0, "What", "what", "WDT", 0, 13913], [153, "role", "role", "NN", 1, 13914], [179, "do", "do", "VBP", 1, 13915], [1875, "plant-soil", "plant-soil", "NN", 1, 13916], [128, "interactions", "interaction", "NNS", 1, 13917], [151, "play", "play", "VBP", 1, 13918], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13919], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13920], [906, "habitat", "habitat", "NN", 1, 13921], [1876, "suitability", "suitability", "NN", 1, 13922], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 13923], [313, "potential", "potential", "JJ", 1, 13924], [97, "range", "range", "NN", 1, 13925], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 13926], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 13927], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13928], [531, "alpine", "alpine", "JJ", 1, 13929], [345, "dwarf", "dwarf", "NN", 1, 13930], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 13931], [781, "Salix", "salix", "NNP", 1, 13932], [1877, "herbacea?.Mountain", "herbacea?.mountain", "NN", 1, 13933], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 13934], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 13935], [219, "respond", "respond", "VB", 1, 13936], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 13937], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 13938], [218, "climates", "climate", "NNS", 1, 13939], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 13940], [731, "migrating", "migrate", "VBG", 1, 13941], [0, "along", "along", "IN", 0, 13942], [1457, "altitudinal", "altitudinal", "JJ", 1, 13943], [733, "gradients", "gradient", "NNS", 1, 13944], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 13945], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13946], [0, "because", "because", "IN", 0, 13947], [730, "climatic", "climatic", "JJ", 1, 13948], [36, "conditions", "condition", "NNS", 1, 13949], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 13950], [494, "mountain", "mountain", "NN", 1, 13951], [348, "slopes", "slope", "NNS", 1, 13952], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 13953], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 13954], [0, "locally", "locally", "RB", 0, 13955], [0, "very", "very", "RB", 0, 13956], [951, "heterogeneous", "heterogeneous", "JJ", 1, 13957], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13958], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 13959], [731, "migrating", "migrate", "VBG", 1, 13960], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 13961], [125, "different", "different", "JJ", 1, 13962], [1878, "microhabitats", "microhabitat", "NNS", 1, 13963], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 13964], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 13965], [354, "same", "same", "JJ", 1, 13966], [1447, "altitude", "altitude", "NN", 1, 13967], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13968]], "id": "0", "sha1": "551af282ff410913e59c9b4d49aed810e908f8c6"}
{"graf": [[0, "However", "however", "RB", 0, 13969], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13970], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 13971], [289, "new", "new", "JJ", 1, 13972], [724, "environments", "environment", "NNS", 1, 13973], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13974], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 13975], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 13976], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 13977], [1879, "encounter", "encounter", "VB", 1, 13978], [1014, "novel", "novel", "JJ", 1, 13979], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 13980], [596, "microbial", "microbial", "JJ", 1, 13981], [209, "communities", "community", "NNS", 1, 13982], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13983], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 13984], [0, "might", "might", "MD", 0, 13985], [862, "affect", "affect", "VB", 1, 13986], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 13987], [1867, "establishment", "establishment", "NN", 1, 13988], [899, "success", "success", "NN", 1, 13989], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 13990]], "id": "0", "sha1": "159157c8a48e845beeba832427a438aff052168d"}
{"graf": [[0, "Thus", "thus", "RB", 0, 13991], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 13992], [1268, "biotic", "biotic", "JJ", 1, 13993], [128, "interactions", "interaction", "NNS", 1, 13994], [0, "could", "could", "MD", 0, 13995], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 13996], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 13997], [399, "key", "key", "JJ", 1, 13998], [1128, "factor", "factor", "NN", 1, 13999], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14000], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 14001], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 14002], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 14003], [218, "climate", "climate", "VB", 1, 14004], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 14005], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14006]], "id": "0", "sha1": "91c4c79136a1e41a3f329917e7468b96ddf6f712"}
{"graf": [[0, "Here", "here", "RB", 0, 14007], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14008], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 14009], [562, "investigated", "investigate", "VBD", 1, 14010], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14011], [153, "role", "role", "NN", 1, 14012], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14013], [1875, "plant-soil", "plant-soil", "NN", 1, 14014], [536, "feedback", "feedback", "NN", 1, 14015], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 14016], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14017], [1867, "establishment", "establishment", "NN", 1, 14018], [899, "success", "success", "NN", 1, 14019], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14020], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14021], [531, "alpine", "alpine", "JJ", 1, 14022], [345, "dwarf", "dwarf", "NN", 1, 14023], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 14024], [781, "Salix", "salix", "NNP", 1, 14025], [1880, "herbacea", "herbacea", "VBZ", 1, 14026], [783, "L.", "l.", "NNP", 1, 14027], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 14028], [1447, "altitudes", "altitude", "NNS", 1, 14029], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14030], [1881, "late-", "late-", "NNS", 1, 14031], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14032], [806, "early", "early", "JJ", 1, 14033], [1697, "snowmelt", "snowmelt", "NN", 1, 14034], [1878, "microhabitats", "microhabitat", "NNS", 1, 14035], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14036]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e257e43eb23726cb5d053fc9b79d4248beb14e3d"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 14037], [1390, "collected", "collect", "VBD", 1, 14038], [818, "S.", "s.", "NNP", 1, 14039], [1880, "herbacea", "herbacea", "NN", 1, 14040], [1740, "seeds", "seed", "NNS", 1, 14041], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14042], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 14043], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 14044], [0, "nine", "nine", "CD", 0, 14045], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 14046], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 14047], [0, "three", "three", "CD", 0, 14048], [1882, "mountain-slope", "mountain-slope", "NN", 1, 14049], [823, "transects", "transect", "NNS", 1, 14050], [0, "near", "near", "IN", 0, 14051], [1883, "Davos", "davos", "NNP", 1, 14052], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14053], [1884, "Switzerland", "switzerland", "NNP", 1, 14054], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14055], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14056], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 14057], [1885, "transplanted", "transplant", "VBD", 1, 14058], [1740, "seeds", "seed", "NNS", 1, 14059], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14060], [1451, "seedlings", "seedling", "NNS", 1, 14061], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 14062], [479, "substrate", "substrate", "VB", 1, 14063], [1886, "inoculated", "inoculate", "VBN", 1, 14064], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 14065], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 14066], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 14067], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14068], [354, "same", "same", "JJ", 1, 14069], [351, "plot", "plot", "NN", 1, 14070], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 14071], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 14072], [167, "soils", "soil", "NNS", 1, 14073], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 14074], [125, "different", "different", "JJ", 1, 14075], [1878, "microhabitats", "microhabitat", "NNS", 1, 14076], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14077], [1447, "altitudes", "altitude", "NNS", 1, 14078], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14079], [494, "mountains", "mountain", "NNS", 1, 14080], [0, "under", "under", "IN", 0, 14081], [1546, "greenhouse", "greenhouse", "NN", 1, 14082], [36, "conditions", "condition", "NNS", 1, 14083], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14084]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ed39e26df80684596c1fd818211e9209256f02f8"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 14085], [338, "found", "find", "VBD", 1, 14086], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 14087], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14088], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 14089], [842, "average", "average", "JJ", 1, 14090], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14091], [1740, "seeds", "seed", "NNS", 1, 14092], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 14093], [594, "higher", "higher", "JJR", 1, 14094], [1447, "altitudes", "altitude", "NNS", 1, 14095], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 14096], [0, "2400", "2400", "CD", 0, 14097], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 14098], [0, "2700", "2700", "CD", 0, 14099], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14100]], "id": "0", "sha1": "40d24860f1ae85fb23bd3dc964ece1b28e8f22dd"}
{"graf": [[836, "m", "m", "NN", 1, 14101], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 14102], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14103], [1887, "late-exposed", "late-exposed", "JJ", 1, 14104], [1888, "snowbeds", "snowbed", "NNS", 1, 14105], [1889, "germinated", "germinate", "VBD", 1, 14106], [0, "better", "better", "RBR", 0, 14107], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 14108], [1740, "seeds", "seed", "NNS", 1, 14109], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 14110], [592, "lower", "lower", "JJR", 1, 14111], [1447, "altitudes", "altitude", "NNS", 1, 14112], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 14113], [0, "2200", "2200", "CD", 0, 14114], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 14115], [0, "2300", "2300", "CD", 0, 14116], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14117]], "id": "0", "sha1": "7adb239c0f944c0a5dc35a7f1eb2ccf8ca339462"}
{"graf": [[836, "m", "m", "NN", 1, 14118], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 14119], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14120], [0, "early-exposed", "early-exposed", "RB", 0, 14121], [1890, "ridges", "ridge", "NNS", 1, 14122], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14123]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8d894fc0d29eb1331cc956cad0c6ed6c7fded206"}
{"graf": [[0, "However", "however", "RB", 0, 14124], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14125], [0, "despite", "despite", "IN", 0, 14126], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 14127], [356, "differences", "difference", "NNS", 1, 14128], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14129], [1891, "germination", "germination", "NN", 1, 14130], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14131], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 14132], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 14133], [0, "generally", "generally", "RB", 0, 14134], [594, "higher", "higher", "JJR", 1, 14135], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 14136], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 14137], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 14138], [203, "low", "low", "JJ", 1, 14139], [1447, "altitudes", "altitude", "NNS", 1, 14140], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14141], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14142], [0, "there", "there", "EX", 0, 14143], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 14144], [0, "no", "no", "DT", 0, 14145], [627, "indications", "indication", "NNS", 1, 14146], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 14147], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 14148], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 14149], [1892, "home-soil", "home-soil", "NN", 1, 14150], [20, "advantage", "advantage", "NN", 1, 14151], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 14152], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14153], [106, "current", "current", "JJ", 1, 14154], [97, "range", "range", "NN", 1, 14155], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14156], [818, "S.", "s.", "NNP", 1, 14157], [1880, "herbacea", "herbacea", "NN", 1, 14158], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14159]], "id": "0", "sha1": "072244892a20b1466dc3e8bea087959c0e00ba34"}
{"graf": [[0, "Interestingly", "interestingly", "RB", 0, 14160], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14161], [1451, "seedlings", "seedling", "NNS", 1, 14162], [246, "growing", "grow", "VBG", 1, 14163], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 14164], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 14165], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 14166], [0, "above", "above", "IN", 0, 14167], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14168], [106, "current", "current", "JJ", 1, 14169], [1457, "altitudinal", "altitudinal", "JJ", 1, 14170], [109, "distribution", "distribution", "NN", 1, 14171], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14172], [818, "S.", "s.", "NNP", 1, 14173], [1880, "herbacea", "herbacea", "NN", 1, 14174], [246, "grew", "grow", "VBD", 1, 14175], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 14176], [842, "average", "average", "JJ", 1, 14177], [0, "less", "less", "RBR", 0, 14178], [0, "well", "well", "RB", 0, 14179], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 14180], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 14181], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 14182], [1893, "own", "own", "JJ", 1, 14183], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 14184], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14185]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0970d113643672e76c3a7f0bcf06de1b2be853ff"}
{"graf": [[0, "Thus", "thus", "RB", 0, 14186], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14187], [0, "although", "although", "IN", 0, 14188], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14189], [1333, "lack", "lack", "NN", 1, 14190], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14191], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 14192], [1892, "home-soil", "home-soil", "NN", 1, 14193], [20, "advantage", "advantage", "NN", 1, 14194], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14195], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14196], [106, "current", "current", "JJ", 1, 14197], [906, "habitat", "habitat", "NN", 1, 14198], [0, "might", "might", "MD", 0, 14199], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 14200], [1894, "beneficial", "beneficial", "JJ", 1, 14201], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 14202], [818, "S.", "s.", "NNP", 1, 14203], [1880, "herbacea", "herbacea", "NN", 1, 14204], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14205], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 14206], [121, "changing", "change", "VBG", 1, 14207], [724, "environment", "environment", "NN", 1, 14208], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14209], [1895, "migration", "migration", "NN", 1, 14210], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 14211], [1896, "habitats", "habitats", "VB", 1, 14212], [0, "beyond", "beyond", "IN", 0, 14213], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14214], [106, "current", "current", "JJ", 1, 14215], [1457, "altitudinal", "altitudinal", "JJ", 1, 14216], [97, "range", "range", "NN", 1, 14217], [0, "might", "might", "MD", 0, 14218], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 14219], [222, "limited", "limit", "VBN", 1, 14220], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14221], [0, "probably", "probably", "RB", 0, 14222], [1073, "due", "due", "JJ", 1, 14223], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 14224], [1897, "missing", "miss", "VBG", 1, 14225], [572, "positive", "positive", "JJ", 1, 14226], [1898, "soil-feedback", "soil-feedback", "NN", 1, 14227], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14228]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b266a1ae55b169d5ce92c3a28fde898bb69ca26d"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 14229], [0, "2014", "2014", "CD", 0, 14230], [1899, "Gesellschaft", "gesellschaft", "NNP", 1, 14231], [1900, "f\u00fcr", "f\u00fcr", "NN", 1, 14232], [1901, "\u00d6kologie", "\u00f6kologie", "NNP", 1, 14233], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 14234]], "id": "0", "sha1": "054007050150d01feb0429da800c4867a36b1201"}
{"graf": [[0, "Twenty-Five", "twenty-five", "CD", 0, 14235], [332, "Year", "year", "NNP", 1, 14236], [401, "Record", "record", "NNP", 1, 14237], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14238], [1902, "Changes", "changes", "NNPS", 1, 14239], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14240], [78, "Plant", "plant", "NNP", 1, 14241], [250, "Cover", "cover", "NNP", 1, 14242], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 14243], [213, "Tundra", "tundra", "NNP", 1, 14244], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14245], [1481, "Northeastern", "northeastern", "NNP", 1, 14246], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 14247], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14248]], "id": "0", "sha1": "12848c2342df26c2571b0c5abd06106016aaf8eb"}
{"graf": [[86, "Northern", "northern", "NNP", 1, 14249], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 14250], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 14251], [248, "warmed", "warm", "VBN", 1, 14252], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 14253], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 14254], [195, "decades", "decade", "NNS", 1, 14255], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14256], [539, "satellite", "satellite", "NN", 1, 14257], [318, "data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 14258], [56, "indicate", "indicate", "VBP", 1, 14259], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 14260], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 14261], [540, "productivity", "productivity", "NN", 1, 14262], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 14263], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 14264], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14265]], "id": "0", "sha1": "25c96b7f904a66e25c95f6ce1bf0646e2b4823f1"}
{"graf": [[0, "To", "to", "TO", 0, 14266], [529, "document", "document", "VB", 1, 14267], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 14268], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 14269], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14270], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14271], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 14272], [269, "National", "national", "NNP", 1, 14273], [863, "Wildlife", "wildlife", "NNP", 1, 14274], [1903, "Refuge", "refuge", "NNP", 1, 14275], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14276], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 14277], [1568, "monitored", "monitor", "VBD", 1, 14278], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 14279], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 14280], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 14281], [0, "27", "27", "CD", 0, 14282], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 14283], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 14284], [0, "1984", "1984", "CD", 0, 14285], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14286], [0, "2009", "2009", "CD", 0, 14287], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14288]], "id": "0", "sha1": "5b5306dd540e82ce3efccfd6f32c994327b7b201"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 14289], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 14290], [0, "among", "among", "IN", 0, 14291], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14292], [1537, "oldest", "oldest", "JJS", 1, 14293], [0, "permanently", "permanently", "RB", 0, 14294], [1904, "marked", "mark", "VBN", 1, 14295], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14296], [0, "continuously", "continuously", "RB", 0, 14297], [1568, "monitored", "monitor", "VBD", 1, 14298], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 14299], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 14300], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14301], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14302], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 14303], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14304]], "id": "0", "sha1": "08b44aaaa1e5cda5456c054fc97c5e0cd80fe433"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 14305], [825, "quantified", "quantify", "VBD", 1, 14306], [1905, "percent", "percent", "NN", 1, 14307], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 14308], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14309], [0, "all", "all", "DT", 0, 14310], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 14311], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 14312], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 14313], [1906, "line-point", "line-point", "NN", 1, 14314], [1289, "intercept", "intercept", "NN", 1, 14315], [1387, "sampling", "sampling", "NN", 1, 14316], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14317], [90, "assessed", "assess", "VBD", 1, 14318], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 14319], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 14320], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 14321], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 14322], [0, "seven", "seven", "CD", 0, 14323], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 14324], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 14325], [305, "forms", "form", "NNS", 1, 14326], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14327]], "id": "0", "sha1": "26cf9bfd4d443c69e2596b98d5193682c68d01b3"}
{"graf": [[250, "Cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 14328], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14329], [1907, "bryophytes", "bryophyte", "NNS", 1, 14330], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14331], [251, "deciduous", "deciduous", "JJ", 1, 14332], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 14333], [68, "showed", "show", "VBD", 1, 14334], [1908, "slight", "slight", "JJ", 1, 14335], [253, "decreasing", "decrease", "VBG", 1, 14336], [387, "trends", "trend", "NNS", 1, 14337], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14338]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d87e31f49088c99fb5146e76fd2ef5a881d46f8f"}
{"graf": [[760, "Evergreen", "evergreen", "NNP", 1, 14339], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 14340], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14341], [1909, "horsetails", "horsetail", "NNS", 1, 14342], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14343], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14344], [831, "depth", "depth", "NN", 1, 14345], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14346], [546, "thawed", "thaw", "VBN", 1, 14347], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 14348], [0, "above", "above", "IN", 0, 14349], [545, "permafrost", "permafrost", "NN", 1, 14350], [155, "had", "have", "VBD", 1, 14351], [0, "no", "no", "DT", 0, 14352], [387, "trends", "trend", "NNS", 1, 14353], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14354]], "id": "0", "sha1": "9dde373d96cd58fc57d0ecf0822a983664af3f06"}
{"graf": [[0, "For", "for", "IN", 0, 14355], [255, "lichens", "lichen", "NNS", 1, 14356], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14357], [252, "graminoids", "graminoid", "NNS", 1, 14358], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14359], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14360], [1782, "forbs", "forb", "NNS", 1, 14361], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14362], [387, "trends", "trend", "NNS", 1, 14363], [1095, "varied", "vary", "VBN", 1, 14364], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 14365], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 14366], [209, "community", "community", "NN", 1, 14367], [118, "type", "type", "NN", 1, 14368], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14369]], "id": "0", "sha1": "fc883bc4436b46773464943bfed219a5dc6a9e0c"}
{"graf": [[0, "Overall", "overall", "RB", 0, 14370], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14371], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 14372], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14373], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14374], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 14375], [121, "changed", "change", "VBD", 1, 14376], [626, "little", "little", "JJ", 1, 14377], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 14378], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14379], [39, "study", "study", "NN", 1, 14380], [434, "period", "period", "NN", 1, 14381], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14382], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14383], [661, "contrast", "contrast", "NN", 1, 14384], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 14385], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 14386], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 14387], [131, "other", "other", "JJ", 1, 14388], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 14389], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14390], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 14391], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 14392], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14393]], "id": "0", "sha1": "6de213da7a80df915291a0241aefcd3fe37cac33"}
{"graf": [[0, "A", "a", "DT", 0, 14394], [883, "few", "few", "JJ", 1, 14395], [351, "plots", "plot", "NNS", 1, 14396], [155, "had", "have", "VBD", 1, 14397], [1468, "dramatic", "dramatic", "JJ", 1, 14398], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 14399], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14400], [0, "however", "however", "RB", 0, 14401], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14402], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 14403], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 14404], [543, "attributed", "attribute", "VBD", 1, 14405], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 14406], [1910, "subsidence", "subsidence", "NN", 1, 14407], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 14408], [1911, "melting", "melt", "VBG", 1, 14409], [763, "ground", "ground", "NN", 1, 14410], [412, "ice", "ice", "NN", 1, 14411], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 14412], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 14413], [1195, "floodplain", "floodplain", "VB", 1, 14414], [525, "dynamics", "dynamic", "NNS", 1, 14415], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14416]], "id": "0", "sha1": "51f1d4236249f8144495e10fba45c7cc55e608c5"}
{"graf": [[0, "Our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 14417], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 14418], [950, "demonstrate", "demonstrate", "VBP", 1, 14419], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 14420], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 14421], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 14422], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 14423], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14424], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 14425], [1903, "Refuge", "refuge", "NNP", 1, 14426], [784, "coastal", "coastal", "JJ", 1, 14427], [0, "plain", "plain", "RB", 0, 14428], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 14429], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14430], [331, "past", "past", "JJ", 1, 14431], [1912, "quarter", "quarter", "JJ", 1, 14432], [1147, "century", "century", "NN", 1, 14433], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 14434], [9, "been", "be", "VBN", 1, 14435], [0, "spatially", "spatially", "RB", 0, 14436], [951, "heterogeneous", "heterogeneous", "JJ", 1, 14437], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14438], [972, "facilitated", "facilitate", "VBN", 1, 14439], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 14440], [147, "disturbance", "disturbance", "NN", 1, 14441], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14442]], "id": "0", "sha1": "31f050ccc25c00739c8261bfb7f986adc2bb5c27"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 14443], [533, "findings", "finding", "NNS", 1, 14444], [1913, "highlight", "highlight", "VBP", 1, 14445], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14446], [178, "need", "need", "NN", 1, 14447], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 14448], [595, "greater", "greater", "JJR", 1, 14449], [37, "work", "work", "NN", 1, 14450], [748, "linking", "link", "VBG", 1, 14451], [1914, "plotlevel", "plotlevel", "NN", 1, 14452], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14453], [556, "regional", "regional", "JJ", 1, 14454], [352, "remote", "remote", "JJ", 1, 14455], [353, "sensing", "sense", "VBG", 1, 14456], [233, "measurements", "measurement", "NNS", 1, 14457], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14458], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 14459], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 14460], [1915, "Meta-analysis", "meta-analysis", "NNP", 1, 14461], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14462], [530, "high-latitude", "high-latitude", "JJ", 1, 14463], [1916, "nitrogen-addition", "nitrogen-addition", "NN", 1, 14464], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14465], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 14466], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 14467], [931, "implies", "imply", "VBZ", 1, 14468], [205, "ecological", "ecological", "JJ", 1, 14469], [108, "mechanisms", "mechanism", "NNS", 1, 14470], [1917, "overlooked", "overlook", "VBN", 1, 14471], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 14472], [892, "land", "land", "NN", 1, 14473], [317, "models", "model", "NNS", 1, 14474], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14475]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f873784a4e208f57e2708e9dd1b1d474248e2c15"}
{"graf": [[1918, "Accurate", "accurate", "JJ", 1, 14476], [1919, "representation", "representation", "NN", 1, 14477], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14478], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 14479], [267, "processes", "process", "NNS", 1, 14480], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14481], [892, "land", "land", "NN", 1, 14482], [317, "models", "model", "NNS", 1, 14483], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 14484], [898, "crucial", "crucial", "JJ", 1, 14485], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 14486], [165, "reducing", "reduce", "VBG", 1, 14487], [1920, "predictive", "predictive", "JJ", 1, 14488], [287, "uncertainty", "uncertainty", "NN", 1, 14489], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14490], [555, "energy", "energy", "NN", 1, 14491], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14492], [1546, "greenhouse", "greenhouse", "NN", 1, 14493], [135, "gas", "gas", "NN", 1, 14494], [536, "feedbacks", "feedback", "NNS", 1, 14495], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 14496], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14497], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 14498], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14499]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f1803708de7fef2b70bfa546c99a4ea0c284f3c2"}
{"graf": [[0, "Here", "here", "RB", 0, 14500], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 14501], [604, "describe", "describe", "VBP", 1, 14502], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 14503], [1921, "observational", "observational", "JJ", 1, 14504], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14505], [317, "modeling", "model", "VBG", 1, 14506], [1915, "meta-analysis", "meta-analysis", "JJ", 1, 14507], [454, "approach", "approach", "NN", 1, 14508], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 14509], [1922, "benchmark", "benchmark", "JJ", 1, 14510], [892, "land", "land", "NN", 1, 14511], [317, "models", "model", "NNS", 1, 14512], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14513], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14514], [302, "apply", "apply", "VB", 1, 14515], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14516], [452, "method", "method", "NN", 1, 14517], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 14518], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14519], [892, "land", "land", "NN", 1, 14520], [317, "model", "model", "NN", 1, 14521], [1923, "CLM4.5", "clm4.5", "NNP", 1, 14522], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 14523], [0, "two", "two", "CD", 0, 14524], [1924, "versions", "version", "NNS", 1, 14525], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14526], [1925, "belowground", "belowground", "NN", 1, 14527], [280, "biogeochemistry", "biogeochemistry", "NN", 1, 14528], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14529]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f1ce723e8064e31e1aa95020f7df755d838b3888"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 14530], [299, "focused", "focus", "VBD", 1, 14531], [0, "our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 14532], [1, "analysis", "analysis", "NN", 1, 14533], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 14534], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14535], [989, "aboveground", "aboveground", "NN", 1, 14536], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14537], [1925, "belowground", "belowground", "NN", 1, 14538], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 14539], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 14540], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 14541], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14542], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 14543], [229, "addition", "addition", "NN", 1, 14544], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14545], [530, "high-latitude", "high-latitude", "JJ", 1, 14546], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 14547], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14548], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14549], [19, "identified", "identify", "VBN", 1, 14550], [1926, "absent", "absent", "JJ", 1, 14551], [0, "or", "or", "CC", 0, 14552], [0, "poorly", "poorly", "RB", 0, 14553], [1927, "parameterized", "parameteriz", "VBN", 1, 14554], [108, "mechanisms", "mechanism", "NNS", 1, 14555], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14556], [1923, "CLM4.5", "clm4.5", "NNP", 1, 14557], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14558]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b0fcd88cf04edbfda98216cac880f3fd5644d31d"}
{"graf": [[0, "While", "while", "IN", 0, 14559], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14560], [0, "two", "two", "CD", 0, 14561], [317, "model", "model", "NN", 1, 14562], [1924, "versions", "version", "NNS", 1, 14563], [243, "predicted", "predict", "VBD", 1, 14564], [33, "similar", "similar", "JJ", 1, 14565], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 14566], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 14567], [699, "stock", "stock", "NN", 1, 14568], [1928, "trajectories", "trajectory", "NNS", 1, 14569], [600, "following", "follow", "VBG", 1, 14570], [0, "both", "both", "DT", 0, 14571], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 14572], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14573], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 14574], [229, "addition", "addition", "NN", 1, 14575], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14576], [131, "other", "other", "JJ", 1, 14577], [243, "predicted", "predict", "VBN", 1, 14578], [26, "variables", "variable", "NNS", 1, 14579], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 14580], [0, "e.g.", "e.g.", "RB", 0, 14581], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14582], [1925, "belowground", "belowground", "JJ", 1, 14583], [1929, "respiration", "respiration", "NN", 1, 14584], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 14585], [620, "differed", "differ", "VBD", 1, 14586], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 14587], [216, "observations", "observation", "NNS", 1, 14588], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14589], [0, "both", "both", "DT", 0, 14590], [1510, "magnitude", "magnitude", "NN", 1, 14591], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14592], [1930, "direction", "direction", "NN", 1, 14593], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14594], [56, "indicating", "indicate", "VBG", 1, 14595], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 14596], [1923, "CLM4.5", "clm4.5", "NNP", 1, 14597], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 14598], [1931, "inadequate", "inadequate", "JJ", 1, 14599], [1932, "underlying", "underlying", "JJ", 1, 14600], [108, "mechanisms", "mechanism", "NNS", 1, 14601], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 14602], [1086, "representing", "represent", "VBG", 1, 14603], [530, "high-latitude", "high-latitude", "JJ", 1, 14604], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 14605], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14606]], "id": "0", "sha1": "439eb68d0edb19deecc4c190683f208d47f76995"}
{"graf": [[0, "On", "on", "IN", 0, 14607], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14608], [1015, "basis", "basis", "NN", 1, 14609], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14610], [1921, "observational", "observational", "JJ", 1, 14611], [80, "synthesis", "synthesis", "NN", 1, 14612], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14613], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 14614], [543, "attribute", "attribute", "VBP", 1, 14615], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14616], [1933, "model-observation", "model-observation", "NN", 1, 14617], [356, "differences", "difference", "NNS", 1, 14618], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 14619], [1897, "missing", "miss", "VBG", 1, 14620], [1919, "representations", "representation", "NNS", 1, 14621], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14622], [596, "microbial", "microbial", "JJ", 1, 14623], [525, "dynamics", "dynamic", "NNS", 1, 14624], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14625], [989, "aboveground", "aboveground", "NN", 1, 14626], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14627], [1925, "belowground", "belowground", "NN", 1, 14628], [1934, "coupling", "coupling", "NN", 1, 14629], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14630], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14631], [559, "nutrient", "nutrient", "JJ", 1, 14632], [722, "cycling", "cycling", "NN", 1, 14633], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14634], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14635], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 14636], [4, "use", "use", "VBP", 1, 14637], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14638], [1921, "observational", "observational", "JJ", 1, 14639], [1915, "meta-analysis", "meta-analysis", "NN", 1, 14640], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 14641], [1935, "discuss", "discuss", "VB", 1, 14642], [313, "potential", "potential", "JJ", 1, 14643], [454, "approaches", "approach", "NNS", 1, 14644], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 14645], [916, "improving", "improve", "VBG", 1, 14646], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14647], [106, "current", "current", "JJ", 1, 14648], [317, "models", "model", "NNS", 1, 14649], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14650]], "id": "0", "sha1": "6e83675a02ab968eb1dec155c58677979ace7a8d"}
{"graf": [[0, "However", "however", "RB", 0, 14651], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14652], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 14653], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 14654], [1936, "urge", "urge", "VBP", 1, 14655], [1142, "caution", "caution", "NN", 1, 14656], [1937, "concerning", "concern", "VBG", 1, 14657], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14658], [1265, "selection", "selection", "NN", 1, 14659], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14660], [1215, "data", "data", "NN", 1, 14661], [1059, "sets", "set", "NNS", 1, 14662], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14663], [93, "experiments", "experiment", "NNS", 1, 14664], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 14665], [1915, "meta-analysis", "meta-analysis", "NN", 1, 14666], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14667]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d5a578c48fbaf1902d19b04783039aa485326365"}
{"graf": [[0, "For", "for", "IN", 0, 14668], [953, "example", "example", "NN", 1, 14669], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14670], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14671], [301, "concentrations", "concentration", "NNS", 1, 14672], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14673], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 14674], [302, "applied", "apply", "VBN", 1, 14675], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14676], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14677], [471, "synthesized", "synthesize", "VBN", 1, 14678], [92, "field", "field", "NN", 1, 14679], [93, "experiments", "experiment", "NNS", 1, 14680], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 14681], [842, "average", "average", "JJ", 1, 14682], [0, "=", "=", ".", 0, 14683], [0, "72", "72", "CD", 0, 14684], [1120, "kg", "kg", "NN", 1, 14685], [1938, "ha-1", "ha-1", "NN", 1, 14686], [1939, "yr-1", "yr-1", "NN", 1, 14687], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 14688], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 14689], [265, "many", "many", "JJ", 1, 14690], [606, "times", "time", "NNS", 1, 14691], [594, "higher", "higher", "JJR", 1, 14692], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 14693], [560, "projected", "project", "VBN", 1, 14694], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 14695], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 14696], [301, "concentrations", "concentration", "NNS", 1, 14697], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 14698], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 14699], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 14700], [75, "deposition", "deposition", "NN", 1, 14701], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14702], [1072, "release", "release", "NN", 1, 14703], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 14704], [1940, "mineralization", "mineralization", "NN", 1, 14705], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 14706], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14707], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 14708], [1941, "precludes", "preclude", "VBZ", 1, 14709], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 14710], [264, "rigorous", "rigorous", "JJ", 1, 14711], [1656, "evaluation", "evaluation", "NN", 1, 14712], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14713], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14714], [317, "model", "model", "NN", 1, 14715], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 14716], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 14717], [920, "likely", "likely", "JJ", 1, 14718], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 14719], [303, "perturbations", "perturbation", "NNS", 1, 14720], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14721]], "id": "0", "sha1": "366d242d685fc8949df865d324b34dd0ef72261d"}
{"graf": [[0, "Overall", "overall", "RB", 0, 14722], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14723], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 14724], [950, "demonstrate", "demonstrate", "VBP", 1, 14725], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 14726], [1942, "elucidating", "elucidate", "VBG", 1, 14727], [205, "ecological", "ecological", "JJ", 1, 14728], [108, "mechanisms", "mechanism", "NNS", 1, 14729], [0, "via", "via", "IN", 0, 14730], [1915, "meta-analysis", "meta-analysis", "JJ", 1, 14731], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 14732], [19, "identify", "identify", "VB", 1, 14733], [1943, "deficiencies", "deficiency", "NNS", 1, 14734], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14735], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 14736], [317, "models", "model", "NNS", 1, 14737], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14738], [35, "empirical", "empirical", "JJ", 1, 14739], [93, "experiments", "experiment", "NNS", 1, 14740], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14741]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e495081ffa0bf482626298a5449e9bdd9508ec17"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 14742], [1944, "Author(s", "author(s", "NNP", 1, 14743], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 14744], [0, "2014", "2014", "CD", 0, 14745], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 14746], [78, "Plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 14747], [707, "functional", "functional", "JJ", 1, 14748], [118, "type", "type", "NN", 1, 14749], [862, "affects", "affect", "VBZ", 1, 14750], [74, "nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NN", 1, 14751], [4, "use", "use", "NN", 1, 14752], [935, "efficiency", "efficiency", "NN", 1, 14753], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14754], [1945, "high-Arctic", "high-arctic", "JJ", 1, 14755], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 14756], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14757]], "id": "0", "sha1": "9461ed321c54b3412637d8e3024b3420cd94a4fa"}
{"graf": [[0, "To", "to", "TO", 0, 14758], [1946, "unravel", "unravel", "VB", 1, 14759], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14760], [313, "potential", "potential", "JJ", 1, 14761], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 14762], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14763], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 14764], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 14765], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 14766], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 14767], [0, "N", "n", "CC", 0, 14768], [142, "availability", "availability", "NN", 1, 14769], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14770], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 14771], [180, "high", "high", "JJ", 1, 14772], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 14773], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 14774], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 14775], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 14776], [39, "studied", "study", "VBD", 1, 14777], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 14778], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 14779], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 14780], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 14781], [1940, "mineralization", "mineralization", "NN", 1, 14782], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14783], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14784], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 14785], [973, "uptake", "uptake", "NN", 1, 14786], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 14787], [125, "different", "different", "JJ", 1, 14788], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 14789], [831, "depths", "depth", "NNS", 1, 14790], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 14791], [1121, "-3", "-3", "NNP", 1, 14792], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14793], [1947, "-10", "-10", "NNP", 1, 14794], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14795], [1948, "-30", "-30", "NNP", 1, 14796], [1949, "cm", "cm", "NN", 1, 14797], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 14798], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 14799], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 14800], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 14801], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14802]], "id": "0", "sha1": "9ce0f14f64fa2c03dca23920a7005737128d07b5"}
{"graf": [[973, "Uptake", "uptake", "NN", 1, 14803], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 14804], [90, "assessed", "assess", "VBN", 1, 14805], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 14806], [0, "15N", "15n", "CD", 0, 14807], [1950, "tracer", "tracer", "NN", 1, 14808], [1951, "injected", "inject", "VBN", 1, 14809], [0, "directly", "directly", "RB", 0, 14810], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 14811], [497, "mineral", "mineral", "NN", 1, 14812], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 14813], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 14814], [0, "15NH4Cl", "15nh4cl", "CD", 0, 14815], [1952, "solution", "solution", "NN", 1, 14816], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 14817], [0, "specifically", "specifically", "RB", 0, 14818], [1953, "mimic", "mimic", "VB", 1, 14819], [371, "altered", "alter", "VBN", 1, 14820], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 14821], [142, "availability", "availability", "NN", 1, 14822], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 14823], [932, "enhanced", "enhanced", "JJ", 1, 14824], [1940, "mineralization", "mineralization", "NN", 1, 14825], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14826]], "id": "0", "sha1": "21168f8b0420cec1c673ca50c83014a4fe8ab3dd"}
{"graf": [[309, "Net", "net", "JJ", 1, 14827], [82, "N", "n", "NN", 1, 14828], [1940, "mineralization", "mineralization", "NN", 1, 14829], [115, "rates", "rate", "NNS", 1, 14830], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 14831], [0, "very", "very", "RB", 0, 14832], [0, "low", "low", "RB", 0, 14833], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14834], [367, "suggesting", "suggest", "VBG", 1, 14835], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 14836], [82, "N", "n", "NN", 1, 14837], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 14838], [0, "strongly", "strongly", "RB", 0, 14839], [222, "limiting", "limit", "VBG", 1, 14840], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14841], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 14842], [103, "system", "system", "NN", 1, 14843], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14844]], "id": "0", "sha1": "493a58aba232da66af84cd4b06ec03867bbf4965"}
{"graf": [[0, "There", "there", "EX", 0, 14845], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 14846], [0, "no", "no", "DT", 0, 14847], [611, "apparent", "apparent", "JJ", 1, 14848], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 14849], [76, "effect", "effect", "NN", 1, 14850], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 14851], [1954, "-2", "-2", "NNP", 1, 14852], [578, "\u00b0C", "\u00b0c", "NNP", 1, 14853], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14854], [0, "5", "5", "CD", 0, 14855], [578, "\u00b0C", "\u00b0c", "NNP", 1, 14856], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14857], [0, "10", "10", "CD", 0, 14858], [0, "\u00b0C", "\u00b0c", "CD", 0, 14859], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 14860], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 14861], [1940, "mineralization", "mineralization", "NN", 1, 14862], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14863], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 14864], [309, "net", "net", "JJ", 1, 14865], [1955, "nitrification", "nitrification", "NN", 1, 14866], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 14867], [0, "strongly", "strongly", "RB", 0, 14868], [222, "limited", "limit", "VBN", 1, 14869], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 14870], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 14871], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 14872], [0, "under", "under", "IN", 0, 14873], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14874], [1954, "-2", "-2", "NNP", 1, 14875], [578, "\u00b0C", "\u00b0c", "NNP", 1, 14876], [239, "treatment", "treatment", "NN", 1, 14877], [0, "no", "no", "DT", 0, 14878], [1955, "nitrification", "nitrification", "NN", 1, 14879], [791, "occurred", "occur", "VBD", 1, 14880], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14881]], "id": "0", "sha1": "871f869acd18ed367410089b02212333f677fe2a"}
{"graf": [[0, "As", "as", "IN", 0, 14882], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 14883], [633, "consequence", "consequence", "NN", 1, 14884], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14885], [1144, "ongoing", "ongoing", "JJ", 1, 14886], [1940, "mineralization", "mineralization", "NN", 1, 14887], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14888], [158, "limited", "limited", "JJ", 1, 14889], [1955, "nitrification", "nitrification", "NN", 1, 14890], [0, "under", "under", "IN", 0, 14891], [1956, "freezing", "freezing", "JJ", 1, 14892], [36, "conditions", "condition", "NNS", 1, 14893], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14894], [497, "mineral", "mineral", "NN", 1, 14895], [1957, "NH4", "nh4", "NNP", 1, 14896], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 14897], [304, "accumulate", "accumulate", "VB", 1, 14898], [0, "during", "during", "IN", 0, 14899], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14900], [429, "winter", "winter", "NN", 1, 14901], [247, "season", "season", "NN", 1, 14902], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14903], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 14904], [293, "available", "available", "JJ", 1, 14905], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 14906], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 14907], [973, "uptake", "uptake", "NN", 1, 14908], [0, "without", "without", "IN", 0, 14909], [116, "risk", "risk", "NN", 1, 14910], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14911], [1958, "loss", "loss", "NN", 1, 14912], [0, "via", "via", "IN", 0, 14913], [1959, "NO3-", "no3-", "JJ", 1, 14914], [1960, "leaching", "leaching", "NN", 1, 14915], [0, "immediately", "immediately", "RB", 0, 14916], [0, "after", "after", "IN", 0, 14917], [1697, "snowmelt", "snowmelt", "NN", 1, 14918], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14919]], "id": "0", "sha1": "cbc6e270fa0927e6c4663e025d98d588662ecda0"}
{"graf": [[74, "Nitrogen", "nitrogen", "NNP", 1, 14920], [973, "uptake", "uptake", "NN", 1, 14921], [1577, "niches", "niche", "NNS", 1, 14922], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 14923], [0, "clearly", "clearly", "RB", 0, 14924], [1961, "stratified", "stratify", "VBN", 1, 14925], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 14926], [831, "depth", "depth", "NN", 1, 14927], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14928]], "id": "0", "sha1": "aa36087a634c9f161ac4ee284fc40e34a386d592"}
{"graf": [[252, "Graminoids", "graminoid", "NNS", 1, 14929], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 14930], [1962, "Carex", "carex", "NNP", 1, 14931], [1963, "misandra", "misandra", "NN", 1, 14932], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14933], [1964, "Luzula", "luzula", "NNP", 1, 14934], [1965, "arctica", "arctica", "NN", 1, 14935], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 14936], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 14937], [0, "most", "most", "RBS", 0, 14938], [1966, "effective", "effective", "JJ", 1, 14939], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 14940], [1648, "taking", "take", "VBG", 1, 14941], [0, "up", "up", "RP", 0, 14942], [82, "N", "n", "NN", 1, 14943], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 14944], [1270, "deep", "deep", "JJ", 1, 14945], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 14946], [1967, "horizons", "horizon", "NNS", 1, 14947], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 14948], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14949], [1968, "recovery", "recovery", "NN", 1, 14950], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 14951], [252, "graminoid", "graminoid", "JJ", 1, 14952], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 14953], [0, "after", "after", "IN", 0, 14954], [0, "one", "one", "CD", 0, 14955], [332, "year", "year", "NN", 1, 14956], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 14957], [741, "independent", "independent", "JJ", 1, 14958], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14959], [0, "15N", "15n", "CD", 0, 14960], [1969, "injection", "injection", "NN", 1, 14961], [831, "depth", "depth", "NN", 1, 14962], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14963]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2259ab5fc5c1d9a8fff9db11ad455af1ae1849c4"}
{"graf": [[1968, "Recovery", "recovery", "NN", 1, 14964], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 14965], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 14966], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 14967], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 14968], [345, "dwarf", "dwarf", "NN", 1, 14969], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 14970], [781, "Salix", "salix", "NNP", 1, 14971], [1970, "polaris", "polaris", "NN", 1, 14972], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 14973], [0, "significantly", "significantly", "RB", 0, 14974], [0, "higher", "higher", "RBR", 0, 14975], [600, "following", "follow", "VBG", 1, 14976], [1971, "shallow", "shallow", "JJ", 1, 14977], [516, "application", "application", "NN", 1, 14978], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 14979], [1121, "-3", "-3", "NNP", 1, 14980], [1949, "cm", "cm", "NNP", 1, 14981], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 14982], [843, "compared", "compare", "VBD", 1, 14983], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 14984], [593, "deeper", "deeper", "JJR", 1, 14985], [239, "treatments", "treatment", "NNS", 1, 14986], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 14987], [1947, "-10", "-10", "NFP", 1, 14988], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14989], [1948, "-30", "-30", "NNP", 1, 14990], [1949, "cm", "cm", "NNP", 1, 14991], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 14992], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 14993]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d78bddf93cdf483b977d53a7f15e1b177c4dec24"}
{"graf": [[1972, "Lichens", "lichens", "NNP", 1, 14994], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 14995], [254, "mosses", "moss", "NNS", 1, 14996], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 14997], [68, "showed", "show", "VBD", 1, 14998], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 14999], [258, "decline", "decline", "NN", 1, 15000], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15001], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 15002], [973, "uptake", "uptake", "NN", 1, 15003], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 15004], [516, "application", "application", "NN", 1, 15005], [831, "depth", "depth", "NN", 1, 15006], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15007], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15008], [0, "very", "very", "RB", 0, 15009], [626, "little", "little", "JJ", 1, 15010], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 15011], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 15012], [1534, "recovered", "recover", "VBN", 1, 15013], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 15014], [255, "lichens", "lichen", "NNS", 1, 15015], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15016], [254, "mosses", "moss", "NNS", 1, 15017], [0, "even", "even", "RB", 0, 15018], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 15019], [1121, "-3", "-3", "NNP", 1, 15020], [1949, "cm", "cm", "NN", 1, 15021], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15022], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15023], [661, "contrast", "contrast", "NN", 1, 15024], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 15025], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15026], [427, "strong", "strong", "JJ", 1, 15027], [973, "uptake", "uptake", "NN", 1, 15028], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 15029], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 15030], [9, "been", "be", "VBN", 1, 15031], [244, "observed", "observe", "VBN", 1, 15032], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15033], [254, "mosses", "moss", "NNS", 1, 15034], [0, "when", "when", "WRB", 0, 15035], [82, "N", "n", "NNP", 1, 15036], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 15037], [302, "applied", "apply", "VBN", 1, 15038], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 15039], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15040], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 15041], [389, "surface", "surface", "NN", 1, 15042], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15043]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e98a45029a34d366ed115bf29143839dd55b232a"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 15044], [728, "ability", "ability", "NN", 1, 15045], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15046], [252, "graminoids", "graminoid", "NNS", 1, 15047], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 15048], [1973, "access", "access", "VB", 1, 15049], [559, "nutrients", "nutrient", "NNS", 1, 15050], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 15051], [593, "deeper", "deeper", "JJR", 1, 15052], [497, "mineral", "mineral", "NN", 1, 15053], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 15054], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 15055], [814, "give", "give", "VB", 1, 15056], [0, "them", "them", "PRP", 0, 15057], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 15058], [20, "advantage", "advantage", "NN", 1, 15059], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 15060], [254, "mosses", "moss", "NNS", 1, 15061], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15062], [345, "dwarf", "dwarf", "NN", 1, 15063], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 15064], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15065], [1576, "warmer", "warmer", "JJR", 1, 15066], [180, "high", "high", "JJ", 1, 15067], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 15068], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 15069], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15070], [1974, "acquiring", "acquire", "VBG", 1, 15071], [158, "limited", "limited", "JJ", 1, 15072], [293, "available", "available", "JJ", 1, 15073], [559, "nutrient", "nutrient", "JJ", 1, 15074], [742, "resources", "resource", "NNS", 1, 15075], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15076]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f7536ec6b825aba9c5b443b5359f768b398f0138"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 15077], [0, "2015", "2015", "CD", 0, 15078], [1492, "Elsevier", "elsevier", "NNP", 1, 15079], [380, "Ltd", "ltd", "NNP", 1, 15080], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 15081]], "id": "0", "sha1": "991529ca98c13ace2dbc419c4f584db23c981dff"}
{"graf": [[0, "Where", "where", "WRB", 0, 15082], [179, "do", "do", "VBP", 1, 15083], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15084], [1041, "treeless", "treeless", "JJ", 1, 15085], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 15086], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 15087], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15088], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 15089], [1975, "highlands", "highland", "NNS", 1, 15090], [1663, "fit", "fit", "VBP", 1, 15091], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15092], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15093], [69, "global", "global", "JJ", 1, 15094], [214, "biome", "biome", "NN", 1, 15095], [103, "system", "system", "NN", 1, 15096], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 15097], [0, "Toward", "toward", "IN", 0, 15098], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 15099], [0, "ecologically", "ecologically", "RB", 0, 15100], [838, "natural", "natural", "JJ", 1, 15101], [1068, "subdivision", "subdivision", "NN", 1, 15102], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15103], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15104], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 15105], [214, "biome", "biome", "NN", 1, 15106], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15107]], "id": "0", "sha1": "296f61de72696e5ea8d13691b788217808e476ad"}
{"graf": [[473, "According", "accord", "VBG", 1, 15108], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 15109], [0, "some", "some", "DT", 0, 15110], [1976, "treatises", "treatise", "NNS", 1, 15111], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15112], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 15113], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15114], [531, "alpine", "alpine", "JJ", 1, 15115], [1977, "sub-biomes", "sub-biome", "NN", 1, 15116], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 15117], [0, "ecologically", "ecologically", "RB", 0, 15118], [33, "similar", "similar", "JJ", 1, 15119], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15120], [0, "whereas", "whereas", "IN", 0, 15121], [131, "others", "other", "NNS", 1, 15122], [338, "find", "find", "VBP", 1, 15123], [0, "them", "them", "PRP", 0, 15124], [0, "highly", "highly", "RB", 0, 15125], [1652, "dissimilar", "dissimilar", "JJ", 1, 15126], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15127]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0e678fd6d4130e09c0aee021bd343298fcb8a029"}
{"graf": [[221, "Most", "most", "JJS", 1, 15128], [0, "peculiarly", "peculiarly", "RB", 0, 15129], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15130], [602, "large", "large", "JJ", 1, 15131], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 15132], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15133], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 15134], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "JJ", 1, 15135], [1975, "highlands", "highland", "NNS", 1, 15136], [1978, "fall", "fall", "VBP", 1, 15137], [0, "outside", "outside", "IN", 0, 15138], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15139], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15140], [0, "two", "two", "CD", 0, 15141], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 15142], [1068, "subdivisions", "subdivision", "NNS", 1, 15143], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15144], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15145], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 15146], [214, "biome", "biome", "NN", 1, 15147], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15148]], "id": "0", "sha1": "aa534af81f52e8be6aaaa47557203acfc44a5d19"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 15149], [746, "seek", "seek", "VBP", 1, 15150], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 15151], [0, "ecologically", "ecologically", "RB", 0, 15152], [838, "natural", "natural", "JJ", 1, 15153], [458, "resolution", "resolution", "NN", 1, 15154], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 15155], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 15156], [0, "long-standing", "long-standing", "RB", 0, 15157], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15158], [0, "far-reaching", "far-reaching", "RB", 0, 15159], [1979, "problem", "problem", "NN", 1, 15160], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15161]], "id": "0", "sha1": "25c4b1376d8312a3226c920dcf125cf959eb89ce"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 15162], [39, "studied", "study", "VBD", 1, 15163], [1980, "broad-scale", "broad-scale", "JJ", 1, 15164], [60, "patterns", "pattern", "NNS", 1, 15165], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15166], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 15167], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15168], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 15169], [0, "along", "along", "IN", 0, 15170], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15171], [733, "gradient", "gradient", "NN", 1, 15172], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 15173], [820, "Siberian", "siberian", "JJ", 1, 15174], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 15175], [0, "via", "via", "IN", 0, 15176], [1981, "northernmost", "northernmost", "JJS", 1, 15177], [1732, "Fennoscandia", "fennoscandia", "NNS", 1, 15178], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 15179], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15180], [531, "alpine", "alpine", "JJ", 1, 15181], [906, "habitats", "habitat", "NNS", 1, 15182], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15183], [174, "European", "european", "JJ", 1, 15184], [1982, "middle-latitude", "middle-latitude", "JJ", 1, 15185], [494, "mountains", "mountain", "NNS", 1, 15186], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15187], [0, "as", "as", "RB", 0, 15188], [0, "well", "well", "RB", 0, 15189], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 15190], [917, "explored", "explore", "VBN", 1, 15191], [0, "those", "those", "DT", 0, 15192], [60, "patterns", "pattern", "NNS", 1, 15193], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 15194], [1028, "Fennoscandian", "fennoscandian", "JJ", 1, 15195], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 15196], [226, "based", "base", "VBN", 1, 15197], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 15198], [1983, "climate-vegetation", "climate-vegetation", "NN", 1, 15199], [60, "patterns", "pattern", "NNS", 1, 15200], [1601, "obtained", "obtain", "VBN", 1, 15201], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 15202], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 15203], [1984, "fine-scale", "fine-scale", "JJ", 1, 15204], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 15205], [444, "map", "map", "NN", 1, 15206], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15207]], "id": "0", "sha1": "20bea8ec5778d4878a67891a04396a2be787740e"}
{"graf": [[0, "Our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 15208], [1, "analyses", "analysis", "NNS", 1, 15209], [61, "reveal", "reveal", "VBP", 1, 15210], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 15211], [0, "ecologically", "ecologically", "RB", 0, 15212], [1985, "meaningful", "meaningful", "JJ", 1, 15213], [1986, "January-February", "january-february", "NNP", 1, 15214], [424, "snow", "snow", "NN", 1, 15215], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15216], [1533, "thermal", "thermal", "JJ", 1, 15217], [36, "conditions", "condition", "NNS", 1, 15218], [620, "differ", "differ", "VBP", 1, 15219], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 15220], [125, "different", "different", "JJ", 1, 15221], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 15222], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15223], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 15224], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15225]], "id": "0", "sha1": "00b335daa39f9607f9554ee3a90b56e2a448e069"}
{"graf": [[180, "High", "high", "JJ", 1, 15226], [924, "precipitation", "precipitation", "NN", 1, 15227], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15228], [1987, "mild", "mild", "JJ", 1, 15229], [429, "winter", "winter", "NN", 1, 15230], [242, "temperatures", "temperature", "NNS", 1, 15231], [1809, "prevail", "prevail", "VBP", 1, 15232], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 15233], [1982, "middle-latitude", "middle-latitude", "JJ", 1, 15234], [494, "mountains", "mountain", "NNS", 1, 15235], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15236], [203, "low", "low", "JJ", 1, 15237], [924, "precipitation", "precipitation", "NN", 1, 15238], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15239], [0, "usually", "usually", "RB", 0, 15240], [1234, "cold", "cold", "JJ", 1, 15241], [429, "winters", "winter", "NNS", 1, 15242], [1809, "prevail", "prevail", "VB", 1, 15243], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 15244], [530, "high-latitude", "high-latitude", "JJ", 1, 15245], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 15246], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15247], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15248], [1988, "Scandinavian", "scandinavian", "JJ", 1, 15249], [494, "mountains", "mountain", "NNS", 1, 15250], [68, "show", "show", "VBP", 1, 15251], [1360, "intermediate", "intermediate", "JJ", 1, 15252], [36, "conditions", "condition", "NNS", 1, 15253], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15254]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f482875bdc6655f72a8e448b64d04700bc7b9864"}
{"graf": [[0, "Similarly", "similarly", "RB", 0, 15255], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15256], [1989, "heath-like", "heath-like", "NN", 1, 15257], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 15258], [209, "communities", "community", "NNS", 1, 15259], [620, "differ", "differ", "VBP", 1, 15260], [0, "clearly", "clearly", "RB", 0, 15261], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 15262], [1123, "middle", "middle", "JJ", 1, 15263], [957, "latitude", "latitude", "JJ", 1, 15264], [494, "mountains", "mountain", "NNS", 1, 15265], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 15266], [531, "alpine", "alpine", "NN", 1, 15267], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 15268], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15269], [530, "high-latitude", "high-latitude", "JJ", 1, 15270], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 15271], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 15272], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15273], [38, "including", "include", "VBG", 1, 15274], [0, "its", "its", "PRP$", 0, 15275], [1457, "altitudinal", "altitudinal", "JJ", 1, 15276], [1990, "extension", "extension", "NN", 1, 15277], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 15278], [1988, "Scandinavian", "scandinavian", "JJ", 1, 15279], [494, "mountains", "mountain", "NNS", 1, 15280], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15281]], "id": "0", "sha1": "dd8ded9d9a650b75ea5d1a1f9b9bb71626d4fea8"}
{"graf": [[0, "Conversely", "conversely", "RB", 0, 15282], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15283], [180, "high", "high", "JJ", 1, 15284], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 15285], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15286], [1888, "snowbeds", "snowbed", "NNS", 1, 15287], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15288], [602, "large", "large", "JJ", 1, 15289], [356, "differences", "difference", "NNS", 1, 15290], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15291], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15292], [123, "composition", "composition", "NN", 1, 15293], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15294], [345, "dwarf", "dwarf", "NN", 1, 15295], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 15296], [1742, "heaths", "heath", "NNS", 1, 15297], [1683, "distinguish", "distinguish", "VBP", 1, 15298], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15299], [1988, "Scandinavian", "scandinavian", "JJ", 1, 15300], [494, "mountain", "mountain", "NN", 1, 15301], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 15302], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 15303], [0, "its", "its", "PRP$", 0, 15304], [1991, "counterparts", "counterpart", "NNS", 1, 15305], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15306], [364, "Russia", "russia", "NNP", 1, 15307], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15308], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15309], [45, "north", "north", "NN", 1, 15310], [1028, "Fennoscandian", "fennoscandian", "JJ", 1, 15311], [1992, "inland", "inland", "NN", 1, 15312], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15313]], "id": "0", "sha1": "057da987d577c2bd0231de7248b1669c9af19ab3"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 15314], [174, "European", "european", "JJ", 1, 15315], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 15316], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 15317], [1978, "fall", "fall", "VBP", 1, 15318], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 15319], [0, "three", "three", "CD", 0, 15320], [0, "ecologically", "ecologically", "RB", 0, 15321], [0, "rather", "rather", "RB", 0, 15322], [1993, "homogeneous", "homogeneous", "JJ", 1, 15323], [99, "categories", "category", "NNS", 1, 15324], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 15325], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15326], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 15327], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 15328], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15329], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15330], [1994, "oroarctic", "oroarctic", "JJ", 1, 15331], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 15332], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15333], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 15334], [249, "heights", "height", "NNS", 1, 15335], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15336], [494, "mountains", "mountain", "NNS", 1, 15337], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15338], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15339], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15340], [0, "genuinely", "genuinely", "RB", 0, 15341], [531, "alpine", "alpine", "JJ", 1, 15342], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 15343], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15344], [1982, "middle-latitude", "middle-latitude", "JJ", 1, 15345], [494, "mountains", "mountain", "NNS", 1, 15346], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15347]], "id": "0", "sha1": "03bad4f25e5bec79177c5c60c0a1ed391f0d132d"}
{"graf": [[982, "Attempts", "attempt", "NNS", 1, 15348], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 15349], [1049, "divide", "divide", "VB", 1, 15350], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15351], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 15352], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 15353], [0, "two", "two", "CD", 0, 15354], [1977, "sub-biomes", "sub-biome", "NN", 1, 15355], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 15356], [55, "resulted", "result", "VBN", 1, 15357], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15358], [117, "major", "major", "JJ", 1, 15359], [1995, "discrepancies", "discrepancy", "NNS", 1, 15360], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15361], [1996, "confusions", "confusion", "NNS", 1, 15362], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15363], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 15364], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15365], [1994, "oroarctic", "oroarctic", "JJ", 1, 15366], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 15367], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 15368], [38, "included", "include", "VBN", 1, 15369], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15370], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15371], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 15372], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 15373], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15374], [0, "some", "some", "DT", 0, 15375], [1997, "biogeographic", "biogeographic", "JJ", 1, 15376], [444, "maps", "map", "NNS", 1, 15377], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15378], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15379], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15380], [531, "alpine", "alpine", "JJ", 1, 15381], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 15382], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15383], [131, "others", "other", "NNS", 1, 15384], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15385]], "id": "0", "sha1": "a5bf771568645b2900f8dad980536887deaf15df"}
{"graf": [[0, "Our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 15386], [1, "analyses", "analysis", "NNS", 1, 15387], [226, "based", "base", "VBN", 1, 15388], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 15389], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 15390], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15391], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 15392], [1067, "criteria", "criterion", "NNS", 1, 15393], [0, "thus", "thus", "RB", 0, 15394], [1378, "seem", "seem", "VBP", 1, 15395], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 15396], [1998, "resolve", "resolve", "VB", 1, 15397], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15398], [0, "long-standing", "long-standing", "RB", 0, 15399], [214, "biome", "biome", "NN", 1, 15400], [1561, "delimitation", "delimitation", "NN", 1, 15401], [1979, "problem", "problem", "NN", 1, 15402], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15403], [173, "help", "help", "NN", 1, 15404], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15405], [359, "consistent", "consistent", "JJ", 1, 15406], [1999, "characterization", "characterization", "NN", 1, 15407], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15408], [323, "research", "research", "NN", 1, 15409], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 15410], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15411], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15412], [2000, "create", "create", "VB", 1, 15413], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 15414], [1015, "basis", "basis", "NN", 1, 15415], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 15416], [0, "further", "further", "RB", 0, 15417], [1997, "biogeographic", "biogeographic", "JJ", 1, 15418], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15419], [205, "ecological", "ecological", "JJ", 1, 15420], [323, "research", "research", "NN", 1, 15421], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15422], [69, "global", "global", "JJ", 1, 15423], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 15424], [724, "environments", "environment", "NNS", 1, 15425], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15426]], "id": "0", "sha1": "29816bc0138037b381466f9133392eb5ddcda879"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 15427], [0, "2016", "2016", "CD", 0, 15428], [481, "Published", "publish", "VBN", 1, 15429], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 15430], [1260, "John", "john", "NNP", 1, 15431], [1261, "Wiley", "wiley", "NNP", 1, 15432], [0, "&", "&", ".", 0, 15433], [1262, "Sons", "sons", "NNP", 1, 15434], [380, "Ltd", "ltd", "NNP", 1, 15435], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 15436], [1828, "Quantification", "quantification", "NNP", 1, 15437], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15438], [666, "population", "population", "NN", 1, 15439], [625, "sizes", "size", "NNS", 1, 15440], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15441], [602, "large", "large", "JJ", 1, 15442], [1737, "herbivores", "herbivore", "NNS", 1, 15443], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15444], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 15445], [137, "long-term", "long-term", "JJ", 1, 15446], [707, "functional", "functional", "JJ", 1, 15447], [153, "role", "role", "NN", 1, 15448], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15449], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 15450], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 15451], [2001, "dung", "dung", "JJ", 1, 15452], [2002, "fungal", "fungal", "JJ", 1, 15453], [2003, "spores", "spore", "NNS", 1, 15454], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15455]], "id": "0", "sha1": "043a100aeca194256c7971422856cddcc6ebbbcc"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 15456], [725, "relationship", "relationship", "NN", 1, 15457], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 15458], [602, "large", "large", "JJ", 1, 15459], [1737, "herbivore", "herbivore", "NN", 1, 15460], [14, "numbers", "number", "NNS", 1, 15461], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15462], [477, "landscape", "landscape", "NN", 1, 15463], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 15464], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 15465], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 15466], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 15467], [0, "poorly", "poorly", "RB", 0, 15468], [561, "understood", "understand", "VBN", 1, 15469], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15470]], "id": "0", "sha1": "97165b7ffe43bdb5e523fe5066ba27592e26d121"}
{"graf": [[0, "There", "there", "EX", 0, 15471], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 15472], [0, "two", "two", "CD", 0, 15473], [2004, "schools", "school", "NNS", 1, 15474], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15475], [200, "thought", "thought", "NN", 1, 15476], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 15477], [0, "one", "one", "CD", 0, 15478], [1221, "views", "view", "VBZ", 1, 15479], [602, "large", "large", "JJ", 1, 15480], [1737, "herbivores", "herbivore", "NNS", 1, 15481], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 15482], [0, "relatively", "relatively", "RB", 0, 15483], [238, "passive", "passive", "JJ", 1, 15484], [2005, "elements", "element", "NNS", 1, 15485], [0, "upon", "upon", "IN", 0, 15486], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15487], [477, "landscape", "landscape", "NN", 1, 15488], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15489], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15490], [131, "other", "other", "JJ", 1, 15491], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 15492], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 15493], [2006, "engineers", "engineer", "NNS", 1, 15494], [126, "driving", "drive", "VBG", 1, 15495], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 15496], [2007, "succession", "succession", "NN", 1, 15497], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15498]], "id": "0", "sha1": "21855e2655e2f2e160bcca415b7875a66d08fc51"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 15499], [2008, "latter", "latter", "JJ", 1, 15500], [725, "relationship", "relationship", "NN", 1, 15501], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 15502], [9, "been", "be", "VBN", 1, 15503], [4, "used", "use", "VBN", 1, 15504], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 15505], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 15506], [2009, "argument", "argument", "NN", 1, 15507], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 15508], [657, "support", "support", "VB", 1, 15509], [2010, "reintroductions", "reintroduction", "NNS", 1, 15510], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15511], [602, "large", "large", "JJ", 1, 15512], [1737, "herbivores", "herbivore", "NNS", 1, 15513], [0, "onto", "onto", "IN", 0, 15514], [265, "many", "many", "JJ", 1, 15515], [477, "landscapes", "landscape", "NNS", 1, 15516], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15517], [58, "order", "order", "NN", 1, 15518], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 15519], [139, "increase", "increase", "VB", 1, 15520], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 15521], [164, "heterogeneity", "heterogeneity", "NN", 1, 15522], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15523], [259, "biodiversity", "biodiversity", "NN", 1, 15524], [0, "through", "through", "IN", 0, 15525], [2011, "local-scale", "local-scale", "JJ", 1, 15526], [147, "disturbance", "disturbance", "NN", 1, 15527], [544, "regimes", "regime", "NNS", 1, 15528], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15529]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2909926033bce0a4c030f8192e81231d2899918a"}
{"graf": [[221, "Most", "most", "JJS", 1, 15530], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15531], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15532], [323, "research", "research", "NN", 1, 15533], [307, "examining", "examine", "VBG", 1, 15534], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15535], [725, "relationship", "relationship", "NN", 1, 15536], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 15537], [602, "large", "large", "JJ", 1, 15538], [1737, "herbivores", "herbivore", "NNS", 1, 15539], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15540], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 15541], [381, "impact", "impact", "NN", 1, 15542], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 15543], [477, "landscapes", "landscape", "NNS", 1, 15544], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 15545], [4, "used", "use", "VBN", 1, 15546], [2012, "extant", "extant", "JJ", 1, 15547], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 15548], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15549]], "id": "0", "sha1": "4f3a9037997928de82ba41a954f4e819fbb9dd26"}
{"graf": [[0, "An", "an", "DT", 0, 15550], [1819, "alternative", "alternative", "JJ", 1, 15551], [454, "approach", "approach", "NN", 1, 15552], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 15553], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 15554], [113, "estimate", "estimate", "VB", 1, 15555], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15556], [381, "impact", "impact", "NN", 1, 15557], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15558], [631, "variations", "variation", "NNS", 1, 15559], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15560], [1737, "herbivore", "herbivore", "NN", 1, 15561], [666, "populations", "population", "NNS", 1, 15562], [0, "through", "through", "IN", 0, 15563], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 15564], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 15565], [653, "fossil", "fossil", "NN", 1, 15566], [2001, "dung", "dung", "JJ", 1, 15567], [2002, "fungal", "fungal", "JJ", 1, 15568], [2003, "spores", "spore", "NNS", 1, 15569], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15570], [1160, "pollen", "pollen", "NN", 1, 15571], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15572], [1427, "sedimentary", "sedimentary", "JJ", 1, 15573], [1345, "sequences", "sequence", "NNS", 1, 15574], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15575]], "id": "0", "sha1": "fd3bed4a406b0b79579081cb0f5b93690d8a03a7"}
{"graf": [[0, "However", "however", "RB", 0, 15576], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15577], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 15578], [634, "date", "date", "NN", 1, 15579], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15580], [0, "there", "there", "EX", 0, 15581], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 15582], [9, "been", "be", "VBN", 1, 15583], [626, "little", "little", "JJ", 1, 15584], [1828, "quantification", "quantification", "NN", 1, 15585], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15586], [653, "fossil", "fossil", "NN", 1, 15587], [2001, "dung", "dung", "NN", 1, 15588], [2002, "fungal", "fungal", "JJ", 1, 15589], [2003, "spore", "spore", "NN", 1, 15590], [401, "records", "record", "NNS", 1, 15591], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15592], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 15593], [725, "relationship", "relationship", "NN", 1, 15594], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 15595], [1737, "herbivore", "herbivore", "NN", 1, 15596], [14, "numbers", "number", "NNS", 1, 15597], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15598], [1194, "leaving", "leave", "VBG", 1, 15599], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 15600], [452, "method", "method", "NN", 1, 15601], [1698, "open", "open", "JJ", 1, 15602], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 15603], [1770, "varied", "varied", "JJ", 1, 15604], [1218, "interpretations", "interpretation", "NNS", 1, 15605], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15606]], "id": "0", "sha1": "da5a10d4a68dc837a9772ea467e9224d590cbbef"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 15607], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 15608], [39, "study", "study", "NN", 1, 15609], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15610], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 15611], [997, "developed", "develop", "VBD", 1, 15612], [0, "further", "further", "RBR", 0, 15613], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15614], [2001, "dung", "dung", "NN", 1, 15615], [2002, "fungal", "fungal", "JJ", 1, 15616], [2003, "spore", "spore", "NN", 1, 15617], [452, "method", "method", "NN", 1, 15618], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15619], [726, "determined", "determine", "VBD", 1, 15620], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15621], [725, "relationship", "relationship", "NN", 1, 15622], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 15623], [2003, "spore", "spore", "NN", 1, 15624], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 15625], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15626], [1097, "sediments", "sediment", "NNS", 1, 15627], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 15628], [14, "number", "number", "NN", 1, 15629], [2013, "cm\u22122\u00ef\u00bf\u00bdyear\u22121", "cm\u22122\u00ef\u00bf\u00bdyear\u22121", "NN", 1, 15630], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 15631], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15632], [1737, "herbivore", "herbivore", "VBD", 1, 15633], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 15634], [1117, "densities", "density", "NNS", 1, 15635], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 15636], [2014, "kg\u00ef\u00bf\u00bdha\u22121", "kg\u00ef\u00bf\u00bdha\u22121", "NNP", 1, 15637], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 15638], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15639]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b6434ddd40e9d1f3a068a65f0985d85ed73e300f"}
{"graf": [[0, "To", "to", "TO", 0, 15640], [1532, "establish", "establish", "VB", 1, 15641], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 15642], [725, "relationship", "relationship", "NN", 1, 15643], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15644], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 15645], [4, "used", "use", "VBD", 1, 15646], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15647], [600, "following", "follow", "VBG", 1, 15648], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 15649], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 15650], [0, "i", "i", "LS", 0, 15651], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 15652], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15653], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 15654], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15655], [2015, "Sporormiella", "sporormiella", "NNP", 1, 15656], [1797, "spp", "spp", "NN", 1, 15657], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15658], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15659], [2016, "Sordaria", "sordaria", "NNP", 1, 15660], [1797, "spp", "spp", "NN", 1, 15661], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15662], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15663], [2017, "Podospora", "podospora", "NNP", 1, 15664], [1797, "spp", "spp", "NN", 1, 15665], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15666]], "id": "0", "sha1": "1292e51854587a82d41d2a8d2c8f24f6b072db59"}
{"graf": [[2003, "spores", "spore", "NNS", 1, 15667], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15668], [1151, "modern", "modern", "JJ", 1, 15669], [1097, "sediments", "sediment", "NNS", 1, 15670], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 15671], [1552, "ponds", "pond", "NNS", 1, 15672], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15673], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 15674], [0, "ii", "ii", "LS", 0, 15675], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 15676], [2018, "weekly", "weekly", "JJ", 1, 15677], [2019, "counts", "count", "NNS", 1, 15678], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15679], [663, "contemporary", "contemporary", "JJ", 1, 15680], [863, "wildlife", "wildlife", "NN", 1, 15681], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 15682], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 15683], [434, "period", "period", "NN", 1, 15684], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15685], [2020, "5\u00ef\u00bf\u00bdyears", "5\u00ef\u00bf\u00bdyear", "NNS", 1, 15686], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 15687], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15688], [2021, "rewilded", "rewild", "VBN", 1, 15689], [618, "site", "site", "NN", 1, 15690], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15691], [2022, "Oostvaardersplassen", "oostvaardersplassen", "NNP", 1, 15692], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15693], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15694], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15695], [2023, "Netherlands", "netherlands", "NNP", 1, 15696], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15697]], "id": "0", "sha1": "4ec1b71fee1bb30f232cd204c3c4851069e038e7"}
{"graf": [[55, "Results", "result", "NNS", 1, 15698], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 15699], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 15700], [39, "study", "study", "NN", 1, 15701], [950, "demonstrate", "demonstrate", "VB", 1, 15702], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 15703], [0, "there", "there", "EX", 0, 15704], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 15705], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 15706], [0, "highly", "highly", "RB", 0, 15707], [802, "significant", "significant", "JJ", 1, 15708], [725, "relationship", "relationship", "NN", 1, 15709], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 15710], [2003, "spore", "spore", "NN", 1, 15711], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 15712], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15713], [65, "local", "local", "JJ", 1, 15714], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 15715], [1117, "densities", "density", "NNS", 1, 15716], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15717], [1737, "herbivores", "herbivore", "NNS", 1, 15718], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 15719], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 15720], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 15721], [4, "used", "use", "VBN", 1, 15722], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15723], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15724], [1654, "calibration", "calibration", "NN", 1, 15725], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15726], [653, "fossil", "fossil", "NN", 1, 15727], [401, "records", "record", "NNS", 1, 15728], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15729]], "id": "0", "sha1": "677a72be3d29c5b7e2ca6c1fb647a697386fc388"}
{"graf": [[2024, "Mammal", "mammal", "NNP", 1, 15730], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 15731], [1117, "density", "density", "NN", 1, 15732], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 15733], [1860, "comprising", "comprise", "VBG", 1, 15734], [2025, "Konik", "konik", "NNP", 1, 15735], [2026, "horses", "horse", "NNS", 1, 15736], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15737], [2027, "Heck", "heck", "NNP", 1, 15738], [2028, "cattle", "cattle", "NNS", 1, 15739], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15740], [2029, "red", "red", "JJ", 1, 15741], [2030, "deer", "deer", "NN", 1, 15742], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 15743], [243, "predicts", "predict", "VBZ", 1, 15744], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15745], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 15746], [0, "highly", "highly", "RB", 0, 15747], [802, "significant", "significant", "JJ", 1, 15748], [723, "way", "way", "NN", 1, 15749], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15750], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 15751], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15752], [0, "all", "all", "DT", 0, 15753], [2001, "dung", "dung", "JJ", 1, 15754], [2002, "fungal", "fungal", "JJ", 1, 15755], [2003, "spores", "spore", "NNS", 1, 15756], [2031, "amalgamated", "amalgamate", "VBN", 1, 15757], [0, "together", "together", "RB", 0, 15758], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15759]], "id": "0", "sha1": "46c0a73872a07768e6a49167b7926a45c1aba02b"}
{"graf": [[0, "This", "this", "DT", 0, 15760], [725, "relationship", "relationship", "NN", 1, 15761], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 15762], [611, "apparent", "apparent", "JJ", 1, 15763], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 15764], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 15765], [0, "very", "very", "RB", 0, 15766], [65, "local", "local", "JJ", 1, 15767], [410, "scale", "scale", "NN", 1, 15768], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 15769], [0, "&", "&", ".", 0, 15770], [2032, "lt;10\u00ef\u00bf\u00bdm", "lt;10\u00ef\u00bf\u00bdm", "NNP", 1, 15771], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 15772], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15773], [0, "when", "when", "WRB", 0, 15774], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15775], [59, "characteristics", "characteristic", "NNS", 1, 15776], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15777], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15778], [1184, "sampled", "sample", "VBN", 1, 15779], [1552, "ponds", "pond", "NNS", 1, 15780], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 15781], [1648, "taken", "take", "VBN", 1, 15782], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 15783], [925, "account", "account", "NN", 1, 15784], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 15785], [389, "surface", "surface", "NN", 1, 15786], [169, "area", "area", "NN", 1, 15787], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15788], [1552, "pond", "pond", "NN", 1, 15789], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15790], [1393, "length", "length", "NN", 1, 15791], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15792], [2033, "shoreline", "shoreline", "NN", 1, 15793], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 15794], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15795]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0517949387ef551e796390447e4739f78d5d0e9a"}
{"graf": [[0, "In", "in", "IN", 0, 15796], [229, "addition", "addition", "NN", 1, 15797], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15798], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 15799], [19, "identify", "identify", "VBP", 1, 15800], [0, "that", "that", "DT", 0, 15801], [2001, "dung", "dung", "JJ", 1, 15802], [2002, "fungal", "fungal", "JJ", 1, 15803], [2003, "spores", "spore", "NNS", 1, 15804], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 15805], [0, "principally", "principally", "RB", 0, 15806], [417, "transported", "transport", "VBN", 1, 15807], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 15808], [1552, "ponds", "pond", "NNS", 1, 15809], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 15810], [389, "surface", "surface", "NN", 1, 15811], [2034, "run-off", "run-off", "VBN", 1, 15812], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 15813], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15814], [2035, "shores", "shore", "NNS", 1, 15815], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15816]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f5bef6d30256a2dbaf594ede4ea518e12f658416"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 15817], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 15818], [56, "indicate", "indicate", "VBP", 1, 15819], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 15820], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 15821], [452, "method", "method", "NN", 1, 15822], [263, "provides", "provide", "VBZ", 1, 15823], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 15824], [2036, "robust", "robust", "JJ", 1, 15825], [889, "quantitative", "quantitative", "JJ", 1, 15826], [13, "measure", "measure", "NN", 1, 15827], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15828], [1737, "herbivore", "herbivore", "NN", 1, 15829], [666, "population", "population", "NN", 1, 15830], [625, "size", "size", "NN", 1, 15831], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 15832], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 15833], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15834]], "id": "0", "sha1": "134f20756c452a37bbf9cec9f1fe81d6c55bbfac"}
{"graf": [[2037, "\u00ef\u00bf\u00bd", "\u00ef\u00bf\u00bd", "JJ", 1, 15835], [0, "2016", "2016", "CD", 0, 15836], [0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 15837], [1380, "Authors", "authors", "NNPS", 1, 15838], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15839]], "id": "0", "sha1": "42d810fa39dfece1d4e6caa59e178e4331eb5d1c"}
{"graf": [[452, "Methods", "method", "NNS", 1, 15840], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15841], [2038, "Ecology", "ecology", "NN", 1, 15842], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15843], [637, "Evolution", "evolution", "NN", 1, 15844], [0, "\u00ef\u00bf\u00bd", "\u00ef\u00bf\u00bd", "CD", 0, 15845], [0, "2016", "2016", "CD", 0, 15846], [2039, "British", "british", "NNP", 1, 15847], [205, "Ecological", "ecological", "NNP", 1, 15848], [206, "Society", "society", "NNP", 1, 15849], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15850]], "id": "0", "sha1": "dba9acf20d647709a7a230caa7c1b827ff54cfb1"}
{"graf": [[443, "Circumpolar", "circumpolar", "JJ", 1, 15851], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 15852], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 15853], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 15854], [0, "A", "a", "DT", 0, 15855], [2040, "hierarchic", "hierarchic", "JJ", 1, 15856], [651, "review", "review", "NN", 1, 15857], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15858], [1381, "roadmap", "roadmap", "NN", 1, 15859], [0, "toward", "toward", "IN", 0, 15860], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 15861], [0, "internationally", "internationally", "RB", 0, 15862], [359, "consistent", "consistent", "JJ", 1, 15863], [454, "approach", "approach", "NN", 1, 15864], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 15865], [754, "survey", "survey", "VB", 1, 15866], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15867], [2041, "archive", "archive", "NN", 1, 15868], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15869], [2042, "classify", "classify", "VB", 1, 15870], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 15871], [351, "plot", "plot", "NN", 1, 15872], [318, "data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 15873], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15874]], "id": "0", "sha1": "70604f76ebc8157412a0a7434701be0a813772de"}
{"graf": [[1126, "Satellite-derived", "satellite-derive", "NN", 1, 15875], [2043, "remote-sensing", "remote-sense", "NN", 1, 15876], [1223, "products", "product", "NNS", 1, 15877], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 15878], [263, "providing", "provide", "VBG", 1, 15879], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 15880], [1151, "modern", "modern", "JJ", 1, 15881], [443, "circumpolar", "circumpolar", "JJ", 1, 15882], [984, "perspective", "perspective", "NN", 1, 15883], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15884], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 15885], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 15886], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15887], [0, "its", "its", "PRP$", 0, 15888], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 15889], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15890], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 15891], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 15892], [289, "new", "new", "JJ", 1, 15893], [1221, "view", "view", "NN", 1, 15894], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 15895], [767, "dependent", "dependent", "JJ", 1, 15896], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 15897], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 15898], [792, "long", "long", "JJ", 1, 15899], [2044, "heritage", "heritage", "NN", 1, 15900], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15901], [2045, "ground-based", "ground-base", "NN", 1, 15902], [216, "observations", "observation", "NNS", 1, 15903], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15904], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15905], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 15906], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15907]], "id": "0", "sha1": "cbfdb65a4d347dc540d542eb6e47d97576173d2b"}
{"graf": [[22, "Several", "several", "JJ", 1, 15908], [1223, "products", "product", "NNS", 1, 15909], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15910], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15911], [181, "Conservation", "conservation", "NNP", 1, 15912], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15913], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 15914], [638, "Flora", "flora", "NNP", 1, 15915], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15916], [2046, "Fauna", "fauna", "NNP", 1, 15917], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 15918], [399, "key", "key", "JJ", 1, 15919], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 15920], [0, "our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 15921], [106, "current", "current", "JJ", 1, 15922], [386, "understanding", "understanding", "NN", 1, 15923], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15924]], "id": "0", "sha1": "28f6dca7b98a56ae85a2ae2f64ac384937d9a73d"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 15925], [651, "review", "review", "VBP", 1, 15926], [1007, "aspects", "aspect", "NNS", 1, 15927], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15928], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15929], [1563, "PanArctic", "panarctic", "NNP", 1, 15930], [638, "Flora", "flora", "NNP", 1, 15931], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15932], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15933], [443, "Circumpolar", "circumpolar", "NNP", 1, 15934], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 15935], [357, "Vegetation", "vegetation", "NNP", 1, 15936], [444, "Map", "map", "NNP", 1, 15937], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15938], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15939], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 15940], [259, "Biodiversity", "biodiversity", "NNP", 1, 15941], [73, "Assessment", "assessment", "NNP", 1, 15942], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15943], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15944], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15945], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 15946], [357, "Vegetation", "vegetation", "NNP", 1, 15947], [2041, "Archive", "archive", "NNP", 1, 15948], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 15949], [2047, "AVA", "ava", "NNP", 1, 15950], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 15951], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 15952], [0, "they", "they", "PRP", 0, 15953], [718, "relate", "relate", "VBP", 1, 15954], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 15955], [1536, "efforts", "effort", "NNS", 1, 15956], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 15957], [604, "describe", "describe", "VB", 1, 15958], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15959], [444, "map", "map", "VB", 1, 15960], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15961], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 15962], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15963], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 15964], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 15965], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15966], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15967], [259, "biodiversity", "biodiversity", "NN", 1, 15968], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 15969], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 15970], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 15971], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 15972], [443, "circumpolar", "circumpolar", "JJ", 1, 15973], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15974], [556, "regional", "regional", "JJ", 1, 15975], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 15976], [477, "landscape", "landscape", "NN", 1, 15977], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15978], [351, "plot", "plot", "NN", 1, 15979], [410, "scales", "scale", "NNS", 1, 15980], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15981]], "id": "0", "sha1": "3e64586e82b84353d4aaa30d6f954d6fef2fa9ca"}
{"graf": [[2048, "Cornerstones", "cornerstone", "NNS", 1, 15982], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 15983], [0, "all", "all", "PDT", 0, 15984], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 15985], [1803, "tools", "tool", "NNS", 1, 15986], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 15987], [2045, "ground-based", "ground-base", "NN", 1, 15988], [2049, "plant-species", "plant-specie", "NN", 1, 15989], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15990], [2050, "plant-community", "plant-community", "NN", 1, 15991], [754, "surveys", "survey", "NNS", 1, 15992], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 15993]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f55f1faab0806e275d6e00b10ea53814193719f3"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 15994], [2047, "AVA", "ava", "NNP", 1, 15995], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 15996], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 15997], [176, "progress", "progress", "NN", 1, 15998], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 15999], [0, "will", "will", "MD", 0, 16000], [961, "store", "store", "VB", 1, 16001], [751, "plot-based", "plot-base", "NN", 1, 16002], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 16003], [216, "observations", "observation", "NNS", 1, 16004], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16005], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 16006], [2051, "public-accessible", "public-accessible", "JJ", 1, 16007], [514, "database", "database", "NN", 1, 16008], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 16009], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 16010], [2052, "classification", "classification", "NN", 1, 16011], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16012], [2053, "modeling", "modeling", "NN", 1, 16013], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16014], [79, "diversity", "diversity", "NN", 1, 16015], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 16016], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16017], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16018], [131, "other", "other", "JJ", 1, 16019], [516, "applications", "application", "NNS", 1, 16020], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16021]], "id": "0", "sha1": "3a480e2a24cb32bfd03423d035560e929f5408f0"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 16022], [913, "present", "present", "VBP", 1, 16023], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16024], [106, "current", "current", "JJ", 1, 16025], [1048, "status", "status", "NN", 1, 16026], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16027], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16028], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 16029], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 16030], [357, "Vegetation", "vegetation", "NNP", 1, 16031], [2041, "Archive", "archive", "NNP", 1, 16032], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 16033], [2054, "AVA-AK", "ava-ak", "NNP", 1, 16034], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 16035], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16036], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 16037], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 16038], [556, "regional", "regional", "JJ", 1, 16039], [953, "example", "example", "NN", 1, 16040], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 16041], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16042], [1563, "panarctic", "panarctic", "JJ", 1, 16043], [2041, "archive", "archive", "NN", 1, 16044], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16045], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16046], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 16047], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 16048], [1381, "roadmap", "roadmap", "NN", 1, 16049], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 16050], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 16051], [2055, "coordinated", "coordinated", "JJ", 1, 16052], [237, "international", "international", "JJ", 1, 16053], [454, "approach", "approach", "NN", 1, 16054], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 16055], [754, "survey", "survey", "VB", 1, 16056], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16057], [2041, "archive", "archive", "NN", 1, 16058], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16059], [2042, "classify", "classify", "VB", 1, 16060], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 16061], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 16062], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16063], [0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 16064], [691, "note", "note", "VBP", 1, 16065], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16066], [178, "need", "need", "NN", 1, 16067], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 16068], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 16069], [359, "consistent", "consistent", "JJ", 1, 16070], [2056, "standards", "standard", "NNS", 1, 16071], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16072], [751, "plot-based", "plot-base", "NN", 1, 16073], [216, "observations", "observation", "NNS", 1, 16074], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16075], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16076], [23, "make", "make", "VB", 1, 16077], [22, "several", "several", "JJ", 1, 16078], [2057, "recommendations", "recommendation", "NNS", 1, 16079], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 16080], [916, "improve", "improve", "VB", 1, 16081], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16082], [2058, "linkage", "linkage", "NN", 1, 16083], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 16084], [751, "plot-based", "plot-base", "NN", 1, 16085], [216, "observations", "observation", "NNS", 1, 16086], [259, "biodiversity", "biodiversity", "NN", 1, 16087], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 16088], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16089], [1832, "satellite-based", "satellite-base", "NN", 1, 16090], [216, "observations", "observation", "NNS", 1, 16091], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16092], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 16093], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 16094], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16095]], "id": "0", "sha1": "034ad78c6e833dd173aa1b8344b943c0ec6a7ea4"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 16096], [0, "2016", "2016", "CD", 0, 16097], [573, "IOP", "iop", "NNP", 1, 16098], [379, "Publishing", "publishing", "NNP", 1, 16099], [380, "Ltd", "ltd", "NNP", 1, 16100], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 16101]], "id": "0", "sha1": "52c94e03c1eb702933605fdcdc95c4c93b6beff5"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 16102], [39, "Study", "study", "NNP", 1, 16103], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16104], [1863, "Inuit", "inuit", "NNP", 1, 16105], [697, "Knowledge", "knowledge", "NNP", 1, 16106], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16107], [218, "Climate", "climate", "NNP", 1, 16108], [121, "Change", "change", "NNP", 1, 16109], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16110], [1435, "Nunavik", "nunavik", "NNP", 1, 16111], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16112], [1483, "Quebec", "quebec", "NNP", 1, 16113], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 16114], [0, "A", "a", "DT", 0, 16115], [2059, "Mixed", "mix", "VBN", 1, 16116], [452, "Methods", "method", "NNS", 1, 16117], [454, "Approach", "approach", "NNP", 1, 16118], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16119]], "id": "0", "sha1": "4cd6f0db74c36eac69d52bbc754fca5732b32ed0"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 16120], [617, "address", "addres", "VBP", 1, 16121], [0, "first", "first", "RB", 0, 16122], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16123], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16124], [1333, "lack", "lack", "NN", 1, 16125], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16126], [2060, "documented", "documented", "JJ", 1, 16127], [2061, "indigenous", "indigenous", "JJ", 1, 16128], [697, "knowledge", "knowledge", "NN", 1, 16129], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16130], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 16131], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 16132], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16133], [1435, "Nunavik", "nunavik", "NNP", 1, 16134], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16135], [1483, "Quebec", "quebec", "NNP", 1, 16136], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16137], [995, "regarding", "regard", "VBG", 1, 16138], [381, "impacts", "impact", "NNS", 1, 16139], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 16140], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 16141], [0, ";", ";", ".", 0, 16142], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16143], [0, "second", "second", "RB", 0, 16144], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16145], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16146], [2062, "frequent", "frequent", "JJ", 1, 16147], [2063, "underutilization", "underutilization", "NN", 1, 16148], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16149], [2061, "indigenous", "indigenous", "JJ", 1, 16150], [697, "knowledge", "knowledge", "NN", 1, 16151], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16152], [2064, "decision", "decision", "NN", 1, 16153], [2065, "making", "making", "NN", 1, 16154], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16155], [2066, "policy", "policy", "NN", 1, 16156], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16157]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ad47668181474d6551ee7ce0964571d01cfaaa7a"}
{"graf": [[0, "Our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 16158], [39, "study", "study", "NN", 1, 16159], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16160], [0, "three", "three", "CD", 0, 16161], [209, "communities", "community", "NNS", 1, 16162], [56, "indicates", "indicate", "VBZ", 1, 16163], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 16164], [0, "there", "there", "EX", 0, 16165], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 16166], [2067, "similarities", "similarity", "NNS", 1, 16167], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16168], [661, "contrasts", "contrast", "NNS", 1, 16169], [0, "among", "among", "IN", 0, 16170], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16171], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 16172], [125, "different", "different", "JJ", 1, 16173], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 16174], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16175], [1435, "Nunavik", "nunavik", "NNP", 1, 16176], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 16177], [29, "point", "point", "NN", 1, 16178], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 16179], [0, "both", "both", "DT", 0, 16180], [31, "general", "general", "JJ", 1, 16181], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16182], [2068, "localized", "localize", "VBN", 1, 16183], [381, "impacts", "impact", "NNS", 1, 16184], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16185], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 16186], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 16187], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 16188], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 16189], [209, "communities", "community", "NNS", 1, 16190], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16191]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2ae888c6d4a16b9f575b185ac91c22cb07d34c93"}
{"graf": [[31, "General", "general", "JJ", 1, 16192], [387, "trends", "trend", "NNS", 1, 16193], [38, "include", "include", "VBP", 1, 16194], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 16195], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16196], [2069, "berry", "berry", "NN", 1, 16197], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16198], [2024, "mammal", "mammal", "JJ", 1, 16199], [109, "distribution", "distribution", "NN", 1, 16200], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16201]], "id": "0", "sha1": "923d51488e713bafb10d480e981bf71521e4ca84"}
{"graf": [[65, "Local", "local", "JJ", 1, 16202], [387, "trends", "trend", "NNS", 1, 16203], [38, "include", "include", "VBP", 1, 16204], [592, "lower", "lower", "JJR", 1, 16205], [424, "snow", "snow", "NN", 1, 16206], [208, "abundance", "abundance", "NN", 1, 16207], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16208], [121, "changing", "change", "VBG", 1, 16209], [1465, "wind", "wind", "NN", 1, 16210], [60, "patterns", "pattern", "NNS", 1, 16211], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16212], [1095, "varying", "vary", "VBG", 1, 16213], [598, "levels", "level", "NNS", 1, 16214], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16215], [381, "impacts", "impact", "NNS", 1, 16216], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 16217], [2070, "travel", "travel", "NN", 1, 16218], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16219], [1664, "traditional", "traditional", "JJ", 1, 16220], [549, "activities", "activity", "NNS", 1, 16221], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16222]], "id": "0", "sha1": "1cf492fc7c4fc878536315052531683183f10e64"}
{"graf": [[0, "To", "to", "TO", 0, 16223], [90, "assess", "assess", "VB", 1, 16224], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 16225], [60, "patterns", "pattern", "NNS", 1, 16226], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16227], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 16228], [4, "used", "use", "VBD", 1, 16229], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 16230], [1014, "novel", "novel", "NN", 1, 16231], [2059, "mixed", "mix", "VBN", 1, 16232], [452, "methods", "method", "NNS", 1, 16233], [454, "approach", "approach", "NN", 1, 16234], [365, "combining", "combine", "VBG", 1, 16235], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 16236], [808, "qualitative", "qualitative", "JJ", 1, 16237], [1, "analysis", "analysis", "NN", 1, 16238], [600, "followed", "follow", "VBN", 1, 16239], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 16240], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 16241], [889, "quantitative", "quantitative", "JJ", 1, 16242], [39, "study", "study", "NN", 1, 16243], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16244], [55, "resulting", "result", "VBG", 1, 16245], [2071, "codes", "code", "NNS", 1, 16246], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16247], [2072, "relevant", "relevant", "JJ", 1, 16248], [2073, "quotes", "quote", "NNS", 1, 16249], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 16250], [2074, "interviewees", "interviewee", "NNS", 1, 16251], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16252]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2aa62c6543174375cdae4c38f929cf39ff7ab25b"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 16253], [867, "believe", "believe", "VBP", 1, 16254], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 16255], [2075, "methodology", "methodology", "NN", 1, 16256], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 16257], [263, "provide", "provide", "VB", 1, 16258], [192, "important", "important", "JJ", 1, 16259], [398, "insights", "insight", "NNS", 1, 16260], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 16261], [285, "translating", "translate", "VBG", 1, 16262], [1664, "traditional", "traditional", "JJ", 1, 16263], [697, "knowledge", "knowledge", "NN", 1, 16264], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 16265], [889, "quantitative", "quantitative", "JJ", 1, 16266], [91, "evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 16267], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 16268], [220, "environmental", "environmental", "JJ", 1, 16269], [2066, "policy", "policy", "NN", 1, 16270], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16271], [2076, "decision-making", "decision-making", "NN", 1, 16272], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16273]], "id": "0", "sha1": "21117cadffaff645bc030d01137ba8178c8b76ac"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 16274], [0, "2015", "2015", "CD", 0, 16275], [1208, "Springer", "springer", "NNP", 1, 16276], [1209, "Science+Business", "science+business", "NNP", 1, 16277], [1210, "Media", "media", "NNP", 1, 16278], [289, "New", "new", "NNP", 1, 16279], [2077, "York", "york", "NNP", 1, 16280], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 16281], [2078, "Diminished", "diminish", "VBN", 1, 16282], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 16283], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16284], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 16285], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 16286], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 16287], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 16288], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 16289], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 16290], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16291]], "id": "0", "sha1": "630ca13e8d937905c7452da50084cb7780415ee3"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 16292], [2079, "goal", "goal", "NN", 1, 16293], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16294], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 16295], [39, "study", "study", "NN", 1, 16296], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 16297], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 16298], [726, "determine", "determine", "VB", 1, 16299], [0, "if", "if", "IN", 0, 16300], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16301], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 16302], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16303], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 16304], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 16305], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 16306], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 16307], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 16308], [359, "consistent", "consistent", "NN", 1, 16309], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 16310], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 16311], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16312], [223, "locations", "location", "NNS", 1, 16313], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16314], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 16315], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16316]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2c7745f701bab02ad5d028bf82f00f5234ca1fe8"}
{"graf": [[0, "This", "this", "DT", 0, 16317], [39, "study", "study", "NN", 1, 16318], [307, "examined", "examine", "VBD", 1, 16319], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16320], [381, "impact", "impact", "NN", 1, 16321], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16322], [211, "experimental", "experimental", "JJ", 1, 16323], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 16324], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16325], [838, "natural", "natural", "JJ", 1, 16326], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 16327], [631, "variation", "variation", "NN", 1, 16328], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 16329], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 16330], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 16331], [2080, "Barrow", "barrow", "NNP", 1, 16332], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16333], [2081, "Atqasuk", "atqasuk", "NNP", 1, 16334], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16335], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 16336], [2082, "beginning", "begin", "VBG", 1, 16337], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16338], [0, "1994", "1994", "CD", 0, 16339], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16340]], "id": "0", "sha1": "6aeb6926058dd5992f63aba26af50cc68dcc5be2"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 16341], [1856, "considered", "consider", "VBD", 1, 16342], [216, "observations", "observation", "NNS", 1, 16343], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16344], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 16345], [2083, "performance", "performance", "NN", 1, 16346], [1390, "collected", "collect", "VBN", 1, 16347], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 16348], [0, "1994", "1994", "CD", 0, 16349], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 16350], [0, "2000", "2000", "CD", 0, 16351], [0, "\"", "\"", ".", 0, 16352], [2084, "shortterm", "shortterm", "NN", 1, 16353], [0, "\"", "\"", ".", 0, 16354], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16355], [0, "those", "those", "DT", 0, 16356], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 16357], [0, "2007", "2007", "CD", 0, 16358], [0, "-", "-", ".", 0, 16359], [0, "2012", "2012", "CD", 0, 16360], [0, "\"", "\"", ".", 0, 16361], [137, "long-term", "long-term", "JJ", 1, 16362], [0, "\"", "\"", ".", 0, 16363], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16364]], "id": "0", "sha1": "47486f27565d9a3eaa6a9840294d6c01412c8405"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 16365], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 16366], [714, "traits", "trait", "NNS", 1, 16367], [799, "reported", "report", "VBN", 1, 16368], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 16369], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16370], [14, "number", "number", "NN", 1, 16371], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16372], [2085, "inflorescences", "inflorescence", "NNS", 1, 16373], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16374], [2085, "inflorescence", "inflorescence", "NN", 1, 16375], [249, "height", "height", "NN", 1, 16376], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16377], [1088, "leaf", "leaf", "NN", 1, 16378], [1393, "length", "length", "NN", 1, 16379], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16380], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16381], [1140, "day", "day", "NN", 1, 16382], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16383], [2086, "flower", "flower", "NN", 1, 16384], [2087, "emergence", "emergence", "NN", 1, 16385], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16386]], "id": "0", "sha1": "dde730db2e56062ccb732ae6e882aafdba0af474"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 16387], [714, "traits", "trait", "NNS", 1, 16388], [0, "can", "can", "MD", 0, 16389], [2088, "inform", "inform", "VB", 1, 16390], [0, "us", "us", "PRP", 0, 16391], [0, "about", "about", "IN", 0, 16392], [391, "larger", "larger", "JJR", 1, 16393], [410, "scale", "scale", "NN", 1, 16394], [267, "processes", "process", "NNS", 1, 16395], [132, "such", "such", "JJ", 1, 16396], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 16397], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 16398], [1865, "reproductive", "reproductive", "JJ", 1, 16399], [1536, "effort", "effort", "NN", 1, 16400], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16401], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 16402], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 16403], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16404], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16405], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 16406], [2089, "phenology", "phenology", "NN", 1, 16407], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16408], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16409], [0, "therefore", "therefore", "RB", 0, 16410], [263, "provide", "provide", "VBP", 1, 16411], [2090, "valuable", "valuable", "JJ", 1, 16412], [398, "insight", "insight", "NN", 1, 16413], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 16414], [209, "community", "community", "NN", 1, 16415], [525, "dynamics", "dynamic", "NNS", 1, 16416], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16417], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 16418], [973, "uptake", "uptake", "NN", 1, 16419], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16420], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16421], [1719, "trophic", "trophic", "JJ", 1, 16422], [128, "interactions", "interaction", "NNS", 1, 16423], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16424]], "id": "0", "sha1": "5af57087f829497402466ca7015449dd52c88880"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 16425], [2091, "categorized", "categorize", "VBD", 1, 16426], [714, "traits", "trait", "NNS", 1, 16427], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16428], [0, "all", "all", "DT", 0, 16429], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 16430], [1568, "monitored", "monitor", "VBN", 1, 16431], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 16432], [0, "each", "each", "DT", 0, 16433], [618, "site", "site", "NN", 1, 16434], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 16435], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 16436], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 16437], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 16438], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16439]], "id": "0", "sha1": "014e793e73fb42eda52307432de3af698d6753ad"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 16440], [0, "then", "then", "RB", 0, 16441], [843, "compared", "compare", "VBD", 1, 16442], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 16443], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 16444], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 16445], [714, "traits", "trait", "NNS", 1, 16446], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16447], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 16448], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 16449], [305, "forms", "form", "NNS", 1, 16450], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16451], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 16452], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16453], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16454], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 16455], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 16456], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 16457], [778, "analyze", "analyze", "VB", 1, 16458], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16459], [2092, "consistency", "consistency", "NN", 1, 16460], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16461], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 16462], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 16463], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 16464], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 16465], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16466]], "id": "0", "sha1": "faf0d8fe1d35eb652f79add829f4bef0ed8be26c"}
{"graf": [[252, "Graminoids", "graminoid", "NNS", 1, 16467], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 16468], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16469], [0, "most", "most", "RBS", 0, 16470], [1034, "responsive", "responsive", "JJ", 1, 16471], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 16472], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 16473], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16474], [68, "showed", "show", "VBD", 1, 16475], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 16476], [572, "positive", "positive", "JJ", 1, 16477], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 16478], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 16479], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 16480], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16481], [0, "while", "while", "IN", 0, 16482], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 16483], [9, "were", "be", "VBD", 1, 16484], [0, "generally", "generally", "RB", 0, 16485], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16486], [261, "least", "least", "JJS", 1, 16487], [1034, "responsive", "responsive", "JJ", 1, 16488], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16489]], "id": "0", "sha1": "05899b644fc00a22c61b83e1494ffa3c28eed782"}
{"graf": [[0, "Almost", "almost", "RB", 0, 16490], [1441, "half", "half", "NN", 1, 16491], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 16492], [0, "49%", "49%", "CD", 0, 16493], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 16494], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16495], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 16496], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 16497], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 16498], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 16499], [0, "all", "all", "DT", 0, 16500], [714, "traits", "trait", "NNS", 1, 16501], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16502], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 16503], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16504], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16505], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 16506], [365, "combined", "combine", "VBN", 1, 16507], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 16508], [121, "changed", "change", "VBN", 1, 16509], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 16510], [614, "short-term", "short-term", "JJ", 1, 16511], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 16512], [137, "long-term", "long-term", "JJ", 1, 16513], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16514]], "id": "0", "sha1": "86e9167cab57306c448aa7fea80cc1557715382a"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 16515], [1905, "percent", "percent", "NN", 1, 16516], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16517], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 16518], [1034, "responsive", "responsive", "JJ", 1, 16519], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 16520], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 16521], [253, "decreased", "decrease", "VBD", 1, 16522], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 16523], [0, "57%", "57%", "CD", 0, 16524], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 16525], [614, "short-term", "short-term", "JJ", 1, 16526], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 16527], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 16528], [0, "46%", "46%", "CD", 0, 16529], [0, "(", "(", ".", 0, 16530], [137, "long-term", "long-term", "JJ", 1, 16531], [0, ")", ")", ".", 0, 16532], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16533]], "id": "0", "sha1": "da065a2a3f1bae745e84b2822f7d5607a0f5800b"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 16534], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 16535], [56, "indicate", "indicate", "VBP", 1, 16536], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 16537], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16538], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 16539], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16540], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 16541], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 16542], [248, "warming", "warm", "VBG", 1, 16543], [2093, "varies", "varie", "NNS", 1, 16544], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 16545], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 16546], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16547], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 16548], [2078, "diminished", "diminish", "VBN", 1, 16549], [0, "overall", "overall", "RB", 0, 16550], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16551], [215, "recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 16552], [332, "years", "year", "NNS", 1, 16553], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16554]], "id": "0", "sha1": "1200dd8c329736ba929b777807b085731aead031"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 16555], [0, "2015", "2015", "CD", 0, 16556], [2094, "Kremers", "kremers", "NNPS", 1, 16557], [2095, "et", "et", "NNP", 1, 16558], [2096, "al", "al", "NNP", 1, 16559], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16560]], "id": "0", "sha1": "373121a940ae3371d96aa567a13905d7b7b5afb4"}
{"graf": [[0, "This", "this", "DT", 0, 16561], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 16562], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 16563], [1698, "open", "open", "JJ", 1, 16564], [1973, "access", "access", "NN", 1, 16565], [306, "article", "article", "NN", 1, 16566], [446, "distributed", "distribute", "VBN", 1, 16567], [0, "under", "under", "IN", 0, 16568], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16569], [262, "terms", "term", "NNS", 1, 16570], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16571], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16572], [2097, "Creative", "creative", "JJ", 1, 16573], [2098, "Commons", "commons", "NNPS", 1, 16574], [2099, "Attribution", "attribution", "NNP", 1, 16575], [2100, "License", "license", "NNP", 1, 16576], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16577], [0, "which", "which", "WDT", 0, 16578], [1178, "permits", "permit", "VBZ", 1, 16579], [2101, "unrestricted", "unrestricted", "JJ", 1, 16580], [4, "use", "use", "NN", 1, 16581], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16582], [109, "distribution", "distribution", "NN", 1, 16583], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16584], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16585], [2102, "reproduction", "reproduction", "NN", 1, 16586], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16587], [0, "any", "any", "DT", 0, 16588], [1844, "medium", "medium", "NN", 1, 16589], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16590], [263, "provided", "provide", "VBD", 1, 16591], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16592], [2103, "original", "original", "JJ", 1, 16593], [1318, "author", "author", "NN", 1, 16594], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16595], [1410, "source", "source", "NN", 1, 16596], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 16597], [2104, "credited", "credit", "VBN", 1, 16598], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 16599], [213, "Tundra", "tundra", "NNP", 1, 16600], [541, "greenness", "greenness", "NN", 1, 16601], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16602]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f1fee9e0cdaf5c1db029208a39e2fedaf3f3a47c"}
{"graf": [[101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 16603], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 16604], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 16605], [1928, "trajectories", "trajectory", "NNS", 1, 16606], [620, "differ", "differ", "VBP", 1, 16607], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 16608], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 16609], [622, "moisture", "moisture", "NN", 1, 16610], [598, "levels", "level", "NNS", 1, 16611], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16612]], "id": "0", "sha1": "1b9e6a0b19eddcad40c274f8685d33efdb1a063f"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 16613], [443, "circumpolar", "circumpolar", "JJ", 1, 16614], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 16615], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16616], [1375, "woody", "woody", "NN", 1, 16617], [251, "deciduous", "deciduous", "JJ", 1, 16618], [207, "shrubs", "shrub", "NNS", 1, 16619], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16620], [101, "arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 16621], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 16622], [371, "alters", "alter", "VBZ", 1, 16623], [399, "key", "key", "JJ", 1, 16624], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 16625], [18, "properties", "property", "NNS", 1, 16626], [38, "including", "include", "VBG", 1, 16627], [276, "carbon", "carbon", "NN", 1, 16628], [824, "balance", "balance", "NN", 1, 16629], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16630], [1008, "hydrology", "hydrology", "NN", 1, 16631], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16632]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2e0e8e0b9aa66f3180798e438cb2cdc1c067632e"}
{"graf": [[0, "However", "however", "RB", 0, 16633], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16634], [1762, "landscape-scale", "landscape-scale", "NN", 1, 16635], [60, "patterns", "pattern", "NNS", 1, 16636], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16637], [120, "drivers", "driver", "NNS", 1, 16638], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16639], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 16640], [324, "expansion", "expansion", "NN", 1, 16641], [321, "remain", "remain", "VBP", 1, 16642], [0, "poorly", "poorly", "RB", 0, 16643], [561, "understood", "understand", "VBN", 1, 16644], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16645], [2105, "inhibiting", "inhibit", "VBG", 1, 16646], [1918, "accurate", "accurate", "JJ", 1, 16647], [2106, "incorporation", "incorporation", "NN", 1, 16648], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16649], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 16650], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 16651], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 16652], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 16653], [317, "models", "model", "NNS", 1, 16654], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16655]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e076ae7b9aef45c2ac27b5d622b4d3458570ed1f"}
{"graf": [[0, "Here", "here", "RB", 0, 16656], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16657], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 16658], [4, "use", "use", "VBP", 1, 16659], [1570, "dendroecology", "dendroecology", "NN", 1, 16660], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 16661], [1942, "elucidate", "elucidate", "VB", 1, 16662], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16663], [153, "role", "role", "NN", 1, 16664], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16665], [167, "soil", "soil", "NN", 1, 16666], [622, "moisture", "moisture", "NN", 1, 16667], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16668], [942, "modifying", "modify", "VBG", 1, 16669], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16670], [725, "relationship", "relationship", "NN", 1, 16671], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 16672], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 16673], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16674], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 16675], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 16676], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 16677], [921, "dominant", "dominant", "JJ", 1, 16678], [251, "deciduous", "deciduous", "JJ", 1, 16679], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 16680], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16681], [781, "Salix", "salix", "NNP", 1, 16682], [2107, "pulchra", "pulchra", "NN", 1, 16683], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16684], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 16685], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16686], [45, "North", "north", "NNP", 1, 16687], [348, "Slope", "slope", "NNP", 1, 16688], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16689], [325, "Alaska", "alaska", "NNP", 1, 16690], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16691], [272, "USA", "usa", "NNP", 1, 16692], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16693]], "id": "0", "sha1": "470446ceca250fe22b570151e5d336934103d981"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 16694], [916, "improve", "improve", "VBP", 1, 16695], [0, "upon", "upon", "IN", 0, 16696], [1372, "previous", "previous", "JJ", 1, 16697], [2053, "modeling", "modeling", "NN", 1, 16698], [454, "approaches", "approach", "NNS", 1, 16699], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 16700], [4, "using", "use", "VBG", 1, 16701], [205, "ecological", "ecological", "JJ", 1, 16702], [1665, "theory", "theory", "NN", 1, 16703], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 16704], [2108, "guide", "guide", "VB", 1, 16705], [317, "model", "model", "NN", 1, 16706], [1265, "selection", "selection", "NN", 1, 16707], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 16708], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16709], [725, "relationship", "relationship", "NN", 1, 16710], [0, "between", "between", "IN", 0, 16711], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 16712], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16713], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 16714], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 16715], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16716]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0bdc5027de459f30d55b7212339382db0e23915f"}
{"graf": [[0, "Finally", "finally", "RB", 0, 16717], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16718], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 16719], [913, "present", "present", "JJ", 1, 16720], [1014, "novel", "novel", "JJ", 1, 16721], [2109, "dendroecology-based", "dendroecology-base", "NN", 1, 16722], [113, "estimates", "estimate", "NNS", 1, 16723], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16724], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 16725], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 16726], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 16727], [0, "under", "under", "IN", 0, 16728], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 16729], [112, "future", "future", "JJ", 1, 16730], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 16731], [544, "regime", "regime", "NN", 1, 16732], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16733], [23, "made", "make", "VBN", 1, 16734], [24, "possible", "possible", "JJ", 1, 16735], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 16736], [0, "recently", "recently", "RB", 0, 16737], [997, "developed", "develop", "VBN", 1, 16738], [207, "shrub", "shrub", "NN", 1, 16739], [1781, "allometry", "allometry", "NN", 1, 16740], [317, "models", "model", "NNS", 1, 16741], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16742]], "id": "0", "sha1": "55787714825c2e70471bfb41c06b11e708843ce0"}
{"graf": [[0, "We", "we", "PRP", 0, 16743], [338, "find", "find", "VBP", 1, 16744], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 16745], [818, "S.", "s.", "NNP", 1, 16746], [0, "\u00a0", "\u00a0", ".", 0, 16747], [2107, "pulchra", "pulchra", "NN", 1, 16748], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 16749], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 16750], [219, "responded", "respond", "VBN", 1, 16751], [0, "positively", "positively", "RB", 0, 16752], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 16753], [1193, "mean", "mean", "VB", 1, 16754], [2110, "June", "june", "NNP", 1, 16755], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 16756], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 16757], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16758], [331, "past", "past", "JJ", 1, 16759], [0, "2.5", "2.5", "CD", 0, 16760], [195, "decades", "decade", "NNS", 1, 16761], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 16762], [0, "both", "both", "PDT", 0, 16763], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 16764], [1096, "dry", "dry", "JJ", 1, 16765], [797, "upland", "upland", "NN", 1, 16766], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 16767], [618, "site", "site", "NN", 1, 16768], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16769], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 16770], [1182, "adjacent", "adjacent", "JJ", 1, 16771], [1597, "mesic", "mesic", "JJ", 1, 16772], [2111, "riparian", "riparian", "JJ", 1, 16773], [618, "site", "site", "NN", 1, 16774], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16775]], "id": "0", "sha1": "4e70fe2784f9e1111b59c60feefd348f75aa3850"}
{"graf": [[0, "For", "for", "IN", 0, 16776], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16777], [797, "upland", "upland", "JJ", 1, 16778], [618, "site", "site", "NN", 1, 16779], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16780], [38, "including", "include", "VBG", 1, 16781], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 16782], [138, "negative", "negative", "JJ", 1, 16783], [2112, "second-order", "second-order", "JJ", 1, 16784], [262, "term", "term", "NN", 1, 16785], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16786], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16787], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 16788], [0, "\u2013", "\u2013", ".", 0, 16789], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 16790], [317, "model", "model", "NN", 1, 16791], [0, "significantly", "significantly", "RB", 0, 16792], [916, "improved", "improve", "VBD", 1, 16793], [2113, "explanatory", "explanatory", "JJ", 1, 16794], [613, "power", "power", "NN", 1, 16795], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16796], [2114, "matching", "match", "VBG", 1, 16797], [2115, "theoretical", "theoretical", "JJ", 1, 16798], [1148, "predictions", "prediction", "NNS", 1, 16799], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16800], [2078, "diminishing", "diminish", "VBG", 1, 16801], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 16802], [2116, "returns", "return", "NNS", 1, 16803], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 16804], [139, "increasing", "increase", "VBG", 1, 16805], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 16806], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16807]], "id": "0", "sha1": "2b3ea0ee8b9fa8a38bf2091f370b8789315763b2"}
{"graf": [[0, "A", "a", "DT", 0, 16808], [2117, "first-order", "first-order", "JJ", 1, 16809], [624, "linear", "linear", "NN", 1, 16810], [317, "model", "model", "NN", 1, 16811], [1663, "fit", "fit", "VBP", 1, 16812], [2118, "best", "best", "JJS", 1, 16813], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 16814], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16815], [2111, "riparian", "riparian", "JJ", 1, 16816], [618, "site", "site", "NN", 1, 16817], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16818], [56, "indicating", "indicate", "VBG", 1, 16819], [359, "consistent", "consistent", "JJ", 1, 16820], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 16821], [139, "increases", "increase", "NNS", 1, 16822], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16823], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 16824], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 16825], [2119, "sustained", "sustained", "JJ", 1, 16826], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 16827], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16828], [0, "possibly", "possibly", "RB", 0, 16829], [1073, "due", "due", "JJ", 1, 16830], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 16831], [1333, "lack", "lack", "NN", 1, 16832], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16833], [2120, "temperature-induced", "temperature-induce", "NN", 1, 16834], [622, "moisture", "moisture", "NN", 1, 16835], [274, "limitation", "limitation", "NN", 1, 16836], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16837], [1597, "mesic", "mesic", "JJ", 1, 16838], [906, "habitats", "habitat", "NNS", 1, 16839], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16840]], "id": "0", "sha1": "392af09999e0f67bca76a6e3b64d6ac2c90746be"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 16841], [661, "contrasting", "contrast", "VBG", 1, 16842], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 16843], [56, "indicate", "indicate", "VBP", 1, 16844], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 16845], [818, "S.", "s.", "NNP", 1, 16846], [0, "\u00a0", "\u00a0", ".", 0, 16847], [2107, "pulchra", "pulchra", "NN", 1, 16848], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16849], [1597, "mesic", "mesic", "JJ", 1, 16850], [906, "habitats", "habitat", "NNS", 1, 16851], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 16852], [219, "respond", "respond", "VB", 1, 16853], [0, "positively", "positively", "RB", 0, 16854], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 16855], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 16856], [2121, "wider", "wider", "JJR", 1, 16857], [97, "range", "range", "NN", 1, 16858], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16859], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 16860], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 16861], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 16862], [818, "S.", "s.", "NNP", 1, 16863], [0, "\u00a0", "\u00a0", ".", 0, 16864], [2107, "pulchra", "pulchra", "NN", 1, 16865], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16866], [1096, "dry", "dry", "JJ", 1, 16867], [906, "habitats", "habitat", "NNS", 1, 16868], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16869]], "id": "0", "sha1": "7289e4384c66c1cc6602ea6e4deb251fae62327c"}
{"graf": [[0, "Lastly", "lastly", "RB", 0, 16870], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16871], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 16872], [113, "estimate", "estimate", "VBP", 1, 16873], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 16874], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 16875], [0, "2\u00b0C", "2\u00b0c", "CD", 0, 16876], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 16877], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16878], [106, "current", "current", "JJ", 1, 16879], [1193, "mean", "mean", "JJ", 1, 16880], [2110, "June", "june", "NNP", 1, 16881], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 16882], [0, "will", "will", "MD", 0, 16883], [1565, "yield", "yield", "VB", 1, 16884], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 16885], [0, "19%", "19%", "CD", 0, 16886], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 16887], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16888], [989, "aboveground", "aboveground", "NN", 1, 16889], [818, "S.", "s.", "NNP", 1, 16890], [0, "\u00a0", "\u00a0", ".", 0, 16891], [2107, "pulchra", "pulchra", "NN", 1, 16892], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 16893], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 16894], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16895], [797, "upland", "upland", "NN", 1, 16896], [618, "site", "site", "NN", 1, 16897], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16898], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 16899], [0, "36%", "36%", "CD", 0, 16900], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 16901], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 16902], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16903], [2111, "riparian", "riparian", "JJ", 1, 16904], [618, "site", "site", "NN", 1, 16905], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16906]], "id": "0", "sha1": "44342a6ae8827c7391baeaf6f940727adfbb3e48"}
{"graf": [[0, "Our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 16907], [452, "method", "method", "NN", 1, 16908], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16909], [296, "biomass", "biomass", "NN", 1, 16910], [2122, "estimation", "estimation", "NN", 1, 16911], [263, "provides", "provide", "VBZ", 1, 16912], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 16913], [192, "important", "important", "JJ", 1, 16914], [748, "link", "link", "NN", 1, 16915], [0, "toward", "toward", "IN", 0, 16916], [964, "incorporating", "incorporate", "VBG", 1, 16917], [1570, "dendroecology", "dendroecology", "NN", 1, 16918], [318, "data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 16919], [0, "into", "into", "IN", 0, 16920], [2123, "coupled", "couple", "VBN", 1, 16921], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 16922], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 16923], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 16924], [317, "models", "model", "NNS", 1, 16925], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16926]], "id": "0", "sha1": "115de902d92f29a9c3c42e00fed52b80f12766f6"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 16927], [0, "2017", "2017", "CD", 0, 16928], [1260, "John", "john", "NNP", 1, 16929], [1261, "Wiley", "wiley", "NNP", 1, 16930], [0, "&", "&", ".", 0, 16931], [1262, "Sons", "sons", "NNP", 1, 16932], [380, "Ltd", "ltd", "NNP", 1, 16933], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16934]], "id": "0", "sha1": "bfba57c35ef427b730f85f11940f68b6cf33a8d5"}
{"graf": [[595, "Greater", "greater", "JJR", 1, 16935], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 16936], [564, "sensitivity", "sensitivity", "NN", 1, 16937], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16938], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 16939], [2089, "phenology", "phenology", "NN", 1, 16940], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 16941], [2124, "colder", "colder", "JJ", 1, 16942], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 16943], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 16944], [266, "implications", "implication", "NNS", 1, 16945], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 16946], [2125, "convergence", "convergence", "NN", 1, 16947], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 16948], [86, "northern", "northern", "JJ", 1, 16949], [957, "latitudes", "latitude", "NNS", 1, 16950], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16951]], "id": "0", "sha1": "bc25150e3083d676663a4b76133e5173ae9a5cad"}
{"graf": [[1576, "Warmer", "warmer", "JJ", 1, 16952], [242, "temperatures", "temperature", "NNS", 1, 16953], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 16954], [609, "accelerating", "accelerate", "VBG", 1, 16955], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16956], [2089, "phenology", "phenology", "NN", 1, 16957], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16958], [1523, "organisms", "organism", "NNS", 1, 16959], [0, "around", "around", "IN", 0, 16960], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 16961], [1229, "world", "world", "NN", 1, 16962], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16963]], "id": "0", "sha1": "05854a8ea4b9da430d19513e9ae50f57af8e8d97"}
{"graf": [[242, "Temperature", "temperature", "JJ", 1, 16964], [564, "sensitivity", "sensitivity", "NN", 1, 16965], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 16966], [2089, "phenology", "phenology", "NN", 1, 16967], [0, "might", "might", "MD", 0, 16968], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 16969], [595, "greater", "greater", "JJR", 1, 16970], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16971], [2124, "colder", "colder", "JJR", 1, 16972], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16973], [594, "higher", "higher", "JJR", 1, 16974], [957, "latitude", "latitude", "NN", 1, 16975], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 16976], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 16977], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16978], [1576, "warmer", "warmer", "JJR", 1, 16979], [183, "regions", "region", "NNS", 1, 16980], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 16981], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16982], [87, "part", "part", "NN", 1, 16983], [0, "because", "because", "IN", 0, 16984], [610, "small", "small", "JJ", 1, 16985], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 16986], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16987], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 16988], [1071, "constitute", "constitute", "VBP", 1, 16989], [595, "greater", "greater", "JJR", 1, 16990], [570, "relative", "relative", "JJ", 1, 16991], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 16992], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 16993], [1533, "thermal", "thermal", "JJ", 1, 16994], [824, "balance", "balance", "NN", 1, 16995], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 16996], [2124, "colder", "colder", "JJR", 1, 16997], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 16998], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 16999]], "id": "0", "sha1": "691d470dc56462740fe0844df2f624d94e2778c3"}
{"graf": [[0, "To", "to", "TO", 0, 17000], [319, "test", "test", "VB", 1, 17001], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 17002], [320, "hypothesis", "hypothesis", "NN", 1, 17003], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 17004], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 17005], [307, "examined", "examine", "VBD", 1, 17006], [0, "up", "up", "RP", 0, 17007], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 17008], [0, "20", "20", "CD", 0, 17009], [0, "\u00a0", "\u00a0", ".", 0, 17010], [332, "years", "year", "NNS", 1, 17011], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17012], [2089, "phenology", "phenology", "NN", 1, 17013], [318, "data", "datum", "NNS", 1, 17014], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 17015], [0, "47", "47", "CD", 0, 17016], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 17017], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 17018], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 17019], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 17020], [0, "18", "18", "CD", 0, 17021], [530, "high-latitude", "high-latitude", "JJ", 1, 17022], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 17023], [0, "along", "along", "IN", 0, 17024], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 17025], [730, "climatic", "climatic", "JJ", 1, 17026], [733, "gradient", "gradient", "NN", 1, 17027], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17028]], "id": "0", "sha1": "803333461da9f4789a93138e60aba35ee1eea05d"}
{"graf": [[0, "Across", "across", "IN", 0, 17029], [0, "all", "all", "DT", 0, 17030], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 17031], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 17032], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17033], [1696, "timing", "timing", "NN", 1, 17034], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17035], [1088, "leaf", "leaf", "NN", 1, 17036], [2087, "emergence", "emergence", "NN", 1, 17037], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 17038], [2126, "flowering", "flowering", "NN", 1, 17039], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 17040], [0, "more", "more", "RBR", 0, 17041], [177, "sensitive", "sensitive", "JJ", 1, 17042], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 17043], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 17044], [814, "given", "give", "VBN", 1, 17045], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 17046], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 17047], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 17048], [242, "temperature", "temperature", "NN", 1, 17049], [0, "at", "at", "RB", 0, 17050], [2124, "colder", "colder", "JJR", 1, 17051], [0, "than", "than", "IN", 0, 17052], [1576, "warmer", "warmer", "JJR", 1, 17053], [530, "high-latitude", "high-latitude", "JJ", 1, 17054], [223, "locations", "location", "NNS", 1, 17055], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17056]], "id": "0", "sha1": "5bc72264ae3972e9c8394eb0ee266cbe60ca647e"}
{"graf": [[0, "A", "a", "DT", 0, 17057], [33, "similar", "similar", "JJ", 1, 17058], [60, "pattern", "pattern", "NN", 1, 17059], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 17060], [383, "seen", "see", "VBN", 1, 17061], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 17062], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 17063], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 17064], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17065], [2126, "flowering", "flowering", "NN", 1, 17066], [2089, "phenology", "phenology", "NN", 1, 17067], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17068], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 17069], [199, "widespread", "widespread", "JJ", 1, 17070], [2127, "species", "species", "NN", 1, 17071], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 17072], [1319, "Cassiope", "cassiope", "NNP", 1, 17073], [1320, "tetragona", "tetragona", "NN", 1, 17074], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17075]], "id": "0", "sha1": "9deec7c8280b36a6f485a6075ea44107a8e5e988"}
{"graf": [[0, "These", "these", "DT", 0, 17076], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 17077], [0, "among", "among", "IN", 0, 17078], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17079], [156, "first", "first", "JJ", 1, 17080], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 17081], [1913, "highlighting", "highlight", "VBG", 1, 17082], [1060, "differential", "differential", "NN", 1, 17083], [2128, "phenological", "phenological", "JJ", 1, 17084], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 17085], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17086], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 17087], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 17088], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 17089], [730, "climatic", "climatic", "JJ", 1, 17090], [733, "gradient", "gradient", "NN", 1, 17091], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 17092], [367, "suggest", "suggest", "VBP", 1, 17093], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17094], [2129, "possibility", "possibility", "NN", 1, 17095], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17096], [2125, "convergence", "convergence", "NN", 1, 17097], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 17098], [2126, "flowering", "flowering", "NN", 1, 17099], [606, "times", "time", "NNS", 1, 17100], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 17101], [0, "therefore", "therefore", "RB", 0, 17102], [0, "an", "an", "DT", 0, 17103], [139, "increase", "increase", "NN", 1, 17104], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 17105], [1365, "gene", "gene", "NN", 1, 17106], [1405, "flow", "flow", "NN", 1, 17107], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 17108], [957, "latitudes", "latitude", "NNS", 1, 17109], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 17110], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17111], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 17112], [248, "warms", "warm", "NNS", 1, 17113], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17114]], "id": "0", "sha1": "52e563e288fc764fbd0fded9f54da998318c6c55"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 17115], [0, "2017", "2017", "CD", 0, 17116], [1260, "John", "john", "NNP", 1, 17117], [1261, "Wiley", "wiley", "NNP", 1, 17118], [0, "&", "&", ".", 0, 17119], [1262, "Sons", "sons", "NNP", 1, 17120], [380, "Ltd", "ltd", "NNP", 1, 17121], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17122], [550, "Herbivory", "herbivory", "NNP", 1, 17123], [1500, "Network", "network", "NNP", 1, 17124], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 17125], [0, "An", "an", "DT", 0, 17126], [237, "international", "international", "JJ", 1, 17127], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 17128], [2130, "collaborative", "collaborative", "JJ", 1, 17129], [1536, "effort", "effort", "NN", 1, 17130], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 17131], [39, "study", "study", "VB", 1, 17132], [550, "herbivory", "herbivory", "NN", 1, 17133], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 17134], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 17135], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 17136], [531, "alpine", "alpine", "JJ", 1, 17137], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 17138], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17139]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0dae7d23462ba53c06160d1b20d30db9b06831c4"}
{"graf": [[2131, "Plant-herbivore", "plant-herbivore", "NN", 1, 17140], [128, "interactions", "interaction", "NNS", 1, 17141], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 17142], [928, "central", "central", "JJ", 1, 17143], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 17144], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17145], [1596, "functioning", "functioning", "NN", 1, 17146], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17147], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 17148], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 17149], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 17150], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 17151], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 17152], [2132, "outcomes", "outcome", "NNS", 1, 17153], [1095, "vary", "vary", "VBP", 1, 17154], [0, "over", "over", "IN", 0, 17155], [605, "space", "space", "NN", 1, 17156], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 17157], [606, "time", "time", "NN", 1, 17158], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17159]], "id": "0", "sha1": "e4986684bf2969ab632ba64b61f08a2d6252df5e"}
{"graf": [[1918, "Accurate", "accurate", "JJ", 1, 17160], [2133, "forecasting", "forecasting", "NN", 1, 17161], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17162], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 17163], [210, "responses", "response", "NNS", 1, 17164], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 17165], [2134, "ongoing", "ongo", "VBG", 1, 17166], [220, "environmental", "environmental", "JJ", 1, 17167], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 17168], [202, "requires", "require", "VBZ", 1, 17169], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 17170], [1423, "better", "better", "JJR", 1, 17171], [386, "understanding", "understanding", "NN", 1, 17172], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17173], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17174], [267, "processes", "process", "NNS", 1, 17175], [1818, "responsible", "responsible", "JJ", 1, 17176], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 17177], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 17178], [164, "heterogeneity", "heterogeneity", "NN", 1, 17179], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17180]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ace5aecf5880aff809cf965f1e977821fa591559"}
{"graf": [[0, "To", "to", "TO", 0, 17181], [0, "effectively", "effectively", "RB", 0, 17182], [397, "address", "address", "VB", 1, 17183], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 17184], [690, "complexity", "complexity", "NN", 1, 17185], [0, "at", "at", "IN", 0, 17186], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 17187], [69, "global", "global", "JJ", 1, 17188], [410, "scale", "scale", "NN", 1, 17189], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 17190], [1352, "coordinated", "coordinate", "VBN", 1, 17191], [323, "research", "research", "NN", 1, 17192], [1536, "efforts", "effort", "NNS", 1, 17193], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 17194], [38, "including", "include", "VBG", 1, 17195], [2135, "multi-site", "multi-site", "NN", 1, 17196], [30, "comparisons", "comparison", "NNS", 1, 17197], [0, "within", "within", "IN", 0, 17198], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 17199], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 17200], [2136, "disciplines", "discipline", "NNS", 1, 17201], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 17202], [9, "are", "be", "VBP", 1, 17203], [178, "needed", "need", "VBN", 1, 17204], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17205]], "id": "0", "sha1": "5c3e626c7a16f77b7a1bddbcf5e22ecdb50d9df3"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 17206], [550, "Herbivory", "herbivory", "NNP", 1, 17207], [1500, "Network", "network", "NNP", 1, 17208], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 17209], [1532, "established", "establish", "VBN", 1, 17210], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 17211], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 17212], [2137, "forum", "forum", "NN", 1, 17213], [0, "for", "for", "IN", 0, 17214], [315, "researchers", "researcher", "NNS", 1, 17215], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 17216], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 17217], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 17218], [531, "alpine", "alpine", "JJ", 1, 17219], [183, "regions", "region", "NNS", 1, 17220], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 17221], [2138, "collaboratively", "collaboratively", "VB", 1, 17222], [562, "investigate", "investigate", "VB", 1, 17223], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17224], [2139, "multifunctional", "multifunctional", "JJ", 1, 17225], [153, "role", "role", "NN", 1, 17226], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17227], [1737, "herbivores", "herbivore", "NNS", 1, 17228], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 17229], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 17230], [121, "changing", "change", "VBG", 1, 17231], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 17232], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17233]], "id": "0", "sha1": "84c65e6220fdce0666b552040e39951b5b5c4ca0"}
{"graf": [[0, "One", "one", "CD", 0, 17234], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17235], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17236], [526, "priorities", "priority", "NNS", 1, 17237], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 17238], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 17239], [316, "integrate", "integrate", "VB", 1, 17240], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 17241], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 17242], [2075, "methodologies", "methodology", "NNS", 1, 17243], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 17244], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 17245], [2140, "metrics", "metric", "NNS", 1, 17246], [4, "used", "use", "VBN", 1, 17247], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 17248], [1372, "previous", "previous", "JJ", 1, 17249], [37, "work", "work", "NN", 1, 17250], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 17251], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 17252], [997, "develop", "develop", "VB", 1, 17253], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 17254], [1059, "set", "set", "NN", 1, 17255], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17256], [629, "common", "common", "JJ", 1, 17257], [2141, "protocols", "protocol", "NNS", 1, 17258], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 17259], [228, "design", "design", "NN", 1, 17260], [137, "long-term", "long-term", "JJ", 1, 17261], [0, "geographically-balanced", "geographically-balanced", "RB", 0, 17262], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 17263], [1352, "coordinated", "coordinate", "VBN", 1, 17264], [93, "experiments", "experiment", "NNS", 1, 17265], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17266]], "id": "0", "sha1": "f31708296a98197195c054b2f8fbf34f1e5c99e8"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 17267], [2142, "implementation", "implementation", "NN", 1, 17268], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17269], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 17270], [2130, "collaborative", "collaborative", "JJ", 1, 17271], [323, "research", "research", "NN", 1, 17272], [1536, "efforts", "effort", "NNS", 1, 17273], [0, "will", "will", "MD", 0, 17274], [0, "also", "also", "RB", 0, 17275], [916, "improve", "improve", "VB", 1, 17276], [0, "our", "our", "PRP$", 0, 17277], [386, "understanding", "understanding", "NN", 1, 17278], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17279], [1664, "traditional", "traditional", "JJ", 1, 17280], [2143, "human-managed", "human-manage", "NN", 1, 17281], [103, "systems", "system", "NNS", 1, 17282], [0, "that", "that", "WDT", 0, 17283], [1700, "encompass", "encompas", "VBP", 1, 17284], [802, "significant", "significant", "JJ", 1, 17285], [470, "portions", "portion", "NNS", 1, 17286], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17287], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17288], [2144, "sub-Arctic", "sub-arctic", "NN", 1, 17289], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 17290], [531, "alpine", "alpine", "JJ", 1, 17291], [169, "areas", "area", "NNS", 1, 17292], [0, "worldwide", "worldwide", "RB", 0, 17293], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17294]], "id": "0", "sha1": "6a8c5b101e68a841bf78aa3024943d6155446452"}
{"graf": [[0, "A", "a", "DT", 0, 17295], [593, "deeper", "deeper", "JJR", 1, 17296], [386, "understanding", "understanding", "NN", 1, 17297], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17298], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17299], [153, "role", "role", "NN", 1, 17300], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17301], [550, "herbivory", "herbivory", "NN", 1, 17302], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 17303], [0, "these", "these", "DT", 0, 17304], [103, "systems", "system", "NNS", 1, 17305], [0, "under", "under", "IN", 0, 17306], [1144, "ongoing", "ongoing", "JJ", 1, 17307], [220, "environmental", "environmental", "JJ", 1, 17308], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 17309], [0, "will", "will", "MD", 0, 17310], [2108, "guide", "guide", "VB", 1, 17311], [2145, "appropriate", "appropriate", "JJ", 1, 17312], [2146, "adaptive", "adaptive", "JJ", 1, 17313], [1263, "strategies", "strategy", "NNS", 1, 17314], [0, "to", "to", "TO", 0, 17315], [1600, "preserve", "preserve", "VB", 1, 17316], [0, "their", "their", "PRP$", 0, 17317], [838, "natural", "natural", "JJ", 1, 17318], [1111, "values", "value", "NNS", 1, 17319], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 17320], [1022, "related", "related", "JJ", 1, 17321], [100, "ecosystem", "ecosystem", "NN", 1, 17322], [2147, "services", "service", "NNS", 1, 17323], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17324]], "id": "0", "sha1": "4687d8a78cb0a7a8eae51c34e44e64ed7b263bad"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 17325], [0, "2016", "2016", "CD", 0, 17326], [1492, "Elsevier", "elsevier", "NNP", 1, 17327], [2148, "B.V.", "b.v.", "NNP", 1, 17328], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 17329], [2149, "NIPR.Shrubs", "nipr.shrubs", "NNP", 1, 17330], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 17331], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 17332], [565, "growth", "growth", "NN", 1, 17333], [305, "form", "form", "NN", 1, 17334], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17335]], "id": "0", "sha1": "6ff832b6a8ca2c4714f668ecd53ec220c7a6afa2"}
{"graf": [[101, "Arctic", "arctic", "JJ", 1, 17336], [855, "resilience", "resilience", "NN", 1, 17337], [0, ":", ":", ".", 0, 17338], [0, "No", "no", "DT", 0, 17339], [91, "evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 17340], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17341], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 17342], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 17343], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 17344], [210, "response", "response", "NN", 1, 17345], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 17346], [2150, "Grazing", "grazing", "NNP", 1, 17347], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 17348], [218, "Climate", "climate", "NNP", 1, 17349], [1902, "Changes", "changes", "NNP", 1, 17350], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 17351], [342, "South", "south", "NNP", 1, 17352], [1370, "Greenland", "greenland", "NNP", 1, 17353], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17354]], "id": "0", "sha1": "1f0b9832cdb27df31032fb24d9e3f4b18e6b4317"}
{"graf": [[215, "Recent", "recent", "JJ", 1, 17355], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 17356], [367, "suggest", "suggest", "VBP", 1, 17357], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 17358], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 17359], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 17360], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 17361], [155, "have", "have", "VB", 1, 17362], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 17363], [427, "strong", "strong", "JJ", 1, 17364], [381, "impact", "impact", "NN", 1, 17365], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 17366], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17367], [357, "vegetation", "vegetation", "NN", 1, 17368], [123, "composition", "composition", "NN", 1, 17369], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 17370], [101, "Arctic", "arctic", "NNP", 1, 17371], [100, "ecosystems", "ecosystem", "NNS", 1, 17372], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 17373], [257, "causing", "cause", "VBG", 1, 17374], [139, "increasing", "increase", "VBG", 1, 17375], [941, "dominance", "dominance", "NN", 1, 17376], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17377], [1375, "woody", "woody", "NN", 1, 17378], [122, "species", "specie", "NNS", 1, 17379], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17380]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b3434b6e5be1d8f6c3deedeeb5f6d0de2d3f992b"}
{"graf": [[91, "Evidence", "evidence", "NN", 1, 17381], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 17382], [614, "short-term", "short-term", "JJ", 1, 17383], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 17384], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 17385], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17386], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 17387], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17388], [550, "herbivory", "herbivory", "NN", 1, 17389], [56, "indicates", "indicate", "VBZ", 1, 17390], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 17391], [0, "this", "this", "DT", 0, 17392], [76, "effect", "effect", "NN", 1, 17393], [0, "may", "may", "MD", 0, 17394], [9, "be", "be", "VB", 1, 17395], [2151, "counteracted", "counteract", "VBN", 1, 17396], [0, "by", "by", "IN", 0, 17397], [2150, "grazing", "grazing", "NN", 1, 17398], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 17399], [0, "but", "but", "CC", 0, 17400], [0, "it", "it", "PRP", 0, 17401], [155, "has", "have", "VBZ", 1, 17402], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 17403], [0, "yet", "yet", "RB", 0, 17404], [9, "been", "be", "VBN", 1, 17405], [39, "studied", "study", "VBN", 1, 17406], [0, "whether", "whether", "IN", 0, 17407], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17408], [76, "effect", "effect", "NN", 1, 17409], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 17410], [1025, "persistent", "persistent", "JJ", 1, 17411], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 17412], [31, "general", "general", "JJ", 1, 17413], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17414]], "id": "0", "sha1": "0afc0eb6c5567040d82ecb6616f513fc13d7cbcc"}
{"graf": [[0, "Here", "here", "RB", 0, 17415], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 17416], [0, "we", "we", "PRP", 0, 17417], [913, "present", "present", "VBD", 1, 17418], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17419], [55, "results", "result", "NNS", 1, 17420], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 17421], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 17422], [1407, "large-scale", "large-scale", "JJ", 1, 17423], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 17424], [137, "long-term", "long-term", "JJ", 1, 17425], [39, "study", "study", "NN", 1, 17426], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17427], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17428], [76, "effects", "effect", "NNS", 1, 17429], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17430], [2152, "sheep", "sheep", "NN", 1, 17431], [2150, "grazing", "grazing", "NN", 1, 17432], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 17433], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 17434], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 17435], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17436], [570, "relative", "relative", "JJ", 1, 17437], [941, "dominance", "dominance", "NN", 1, 17438], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17439], [1375, "woody", "woody", "NN", 1, 17440], [78, "plants", "plant", "NNS", 1, 17441], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 17442], [252, "graminoids", "graminoid", "NNS", 1, 17443], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 17444], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 17445], [1782, "forbs", "forb", "NNS", 1, 17446], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17447]], "id": "0", "sha1": "a35ae77885929b49e3706411b4f916bb1e75ad4e"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 17448], [39, "study", "study", "NN", 1, 17449], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 17450], [226, "based", "base", "VBN", 1, 17451], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 17452], [2153, "exclosures", "exclosure", "NNS", 1, 17453], [1532, "established", "establish", "VBN", 1, 17454], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 17455], [0, "1984", "1984", "CD", 0, 17456], [0, "onward", "onward", "RB", 0, 17457], [0, "across", "across", "IN", 0, 17458], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 17459], [730, "climatic", "climatic", "JJ", 1, 17460], [733, "gradient", "gradient", "NN", 1, 17461], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 17462], [342, "South", "south", "NNP", 1, 17463], [1370, "Greenland", "greenland", "NNP", 1, 17464], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17465]], "id": "0", "sha1": "8cb3fc7ba5bf405fcc378169f76f4c39a0a9148d"}
{"graf": [[0, "The", "the", "DT", 0, 17466], [570, "relative", "relative", "JJ", 1, 17467], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 17468], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17469], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17470], [0, "three", "three", "CD", 0, 17471], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 17472], [707, "functional", "functional", "JJ", 1, 17473], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 17474], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 17475], [317, "modeled", "model", "VBN", 1, 17476], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 17477], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 17478], [2154, "state-space", "state-space", "NN", 1, 17479], [317, "model", "model", "NN", 1, 17480], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17481]], "id": "0", "sha1": "b30376cd3ef1ca53fd6cf3b2f6089235194b8da3"}
{"graf": [[0, "There", "there", "EX", 0, 17482], [9, "was", "be", "VBD", 1, 17483], [0, "no", "no", "DT", 0, 17484], [802, "significant", "significant", "JJ", 1, 17485], [891, "overall", "overall", "JJ", 1, 17486], [121, "change", "change", "NN", 1, 17487], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 17488], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17489], [570, "relative", "relative", "JJ", 1, 17490], [250, "cover", "cover", "NN", 1, 17491], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17492], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17493], [0, "three", "three", "CD", 0, 17494], [619, "groups", "group", "NNS", 1, 17495], [0, ",", ",", ".", 0, 17496], [0, "although", "although", "IN", 0, 17497], [132, "such", "such", "JJ", 1, 17498], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 17499], [791, "occurred", "occur", "VBD", 1, 17500], [0, "intermittently", "intermittently", "RB", 0, 17501], [0, "on", "on", "IN", 0, 17502], [0, "some", "some", "DT", 0, 17503], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 17504], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17505]], "id": "0", "sha1": "def1a4532b53ffe5a0fd7773672a449fa45c3204"}
{"graf": [[0, "This", "this", "DT", 0, 17506], [367, "suggests", "suggest", "VBZ", 1, 17507], [0, "that", "that", "IN", 0, 17508], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17509], [570, "relative", "relative", "JJ", 1, 17510], [941, "dominance", "dominance", "NN", 1, 17511], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17512], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17513], [78, "plant", "plant", "NN", 1, 17514], [707, "functional", "functional", "JJ", 1, 17515], [118, "types", "type", "NNS", 1, 17516], [9, "is", "be", "VBZ", 1, 17517], [882, "resilient", "resilient", "JJ", 1, 17518], [0, "to", "to", "IN", 0, 17519], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17520], [381, "impacts", "impact", "NNS", 1, 17521], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17522], [2150, "grazing", "grazing", "NN", 1, 17523], [0, "and", "and", "CC", 0, 17524], [218, "climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 17525], [121, "changes", "change", "NNS", 1, 17526], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 17527], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17528], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 17529], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17530], [342, "South", "south", "NNP", 1, 17531], [1370, "Greenland", "greenland", "NNP", 1, 17532], [0, "in", "in", "IN", 0, 17533], [451, "line", "line", "NN", 1, 17534], [0, "with", "with", "IN", 0, 17535], [131, "other", "other", "JJ", 1, 17536], [39, "studies", "study", "NNS", 1, 17537], [0, "from", "from", "IN", 0, 17538], [618, "sites", "site", "NNS", 1, 17539], [0, "where", "where", "WRB", 0, 17540], [601, "summer", "summer", "NN", 1, 17541], [242, "temperatures", "temperature", "NNS", 1, 17542], [155, "have", "have", "VBP", 1, 17543], [0, "not", "not", "RB", 0, 17544], [139, "increased", "increase", "VBN", 1, 17545], [0, ".", ".", ".", 0, 17546]], "id": "0", "sha1": "d454c7b9491a157f47e68f0c7f6571d2896debed"}
{"graf": [[0, "\u00a9", "\u00a9", ".", 0, 17547], [0, "2016", "2016", "CD", 0, 17548], [2155, "Regents", "regents", "NNP", 1, 17549], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17550], [0, "the", "the", "DT", 0, 17551], [72, "University", "university", "NNP", 1, 17552], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17553], [2156, "Colorado", "colorado", "NNP", 1, 17554], [0, "..", "..", ".", 0, 17555]], "id": "0", "sha1": "ffcae3438bfc0a0888ef74e04f564603a632f2be"}
{"graf": [[218, "Climate", "climate", "NN", 1, 17556], [212, "warming", "warming", "NN", 1, 17557], [0, "as", "as", "IN", 0, 17558], [0, "a", "a", "DT", 0, 17559], [120, "driver", "driver", "NN", 1, 17560], [0, "of", "of", "IN", 0, 17561], [213, "tundra", "tundra", "NN", 1, 17562], [2157, "shrubline", "shrubline", "NN", 1, 17563], [385, "advance", "advance", "NN", 1, 17564]], "id": "0", "sha1": "879110b62b8f42f5f94b8934cc6b59c2fb72a895"}